SIST EN 60728-3:2008
(Main)Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services -- Part 3: Active wideband equipment for coaxial cable networks
Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services -- Part 3: Active wideband equipment for coaxial cable networks
This part of IEC 60728 lays down the measuring methods, performance requirements and data publication requirements for active coaxial wideband distribution equipment of cable networks for television and sound signals. This standard applies to all broadband amplifiers used in cable networks and covers the frequency range 5 MHz to 3 000 MHz. It also applies to one-way and two-way equipment. NOTE The upper limit of 3 000 MHz is an example, but not a strict value. The frequency range, or ranges, over which the equipment is specified, should be published. All requirements and published data are understood as guaranteed values within the specified frequency range and in well-matched conditions. This standard applies to all broadband amplifiers used in cable networks; covers the frequency range 5 MHz to 3 000 MHz; applies to one-way and two-way equipment; lays down the basic methods of measurement of the operational characteristics of the active equipment in order to assess the performance of this equipment; identifies the performance specifications that shall be published by the manufacturers; states the minimum performance requirements of certain parameters. Amplifiers are divided into the following two quality levels: Grade 1: amplifiers typically intended to be cascaded. Grade 2: amplifiers for use typically within an apartment block, or within a single residence, to feed a few outlets. Practical experience has shown these types meet most of the technical requirements necessary for supplying a minimum signal quality to the subscribers. This classification shall not be considered as a requirement but as the information for users and manufacturers on the minimum quality criteria of the material required to install networks of different sizes. The system operator has to select appropriate material to meet the minimum signal quality at the subscriber's outlet, and to optimise cost/performance, taking into account the size of the network and local circumstances. All requirements and published data are understood as guaranteed values within the specified frequency range and in well-matched conditions.
Kabelnetze für Fernsehsignale, Tonsignale und interaktive Dienste -- Teil 3: Aktive Breitbandgeräte für koaxiale Kabelnetze
Réseaux de distribution par câbles pour signaux de télévision, signaux de radiodiffusion sonore et services interactifs -- Partie 3: Matériels actifs à large bande utilisés dans les réseaux de distribution coaxiale
Kabelska omrežja za televizijske in zvokovne signale ter interaktivne storitve - 3. del: Aktivna širokopasovna oprema za koaksialna kabelska omrežja (IEC 60728-3:2005) (Istoveten SIST EN 50083-3:2003 (bumerang))
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 60728-3:2008
01-marec-2008
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Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services -- Part 3:
Active wideband equipment for coaxial cable networks
Kabelnetze für Fernsehsignale, Tonsignale und interaktive Dienste -- Teil 3: Aktive
Breitbandgeräte für koaxiale Kabelnetze
Réseaux de distribution par câbles pour signaux de télévision, signaux de radiodiffusion
sonore et services interactifs -- Partie 3: Matériels actifs à large bande utilisés dans les
réseaux de distribution coaxiale
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60728-3:2006
ICS:
33.060.40 Kabelski razdelilni sistemi Cabled distribution systems
33.120.10 Koaksialni kabli. Valovodi Coaxial cables. Waveguides
SIST EN 60728-3:2008 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 60728-3:2008
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SIST EN 60728-3:2008
Corrigendum to EN 50083-3:2002
English version
___________
Foreword
Add:
By Technical Board decision D124/183 the text of the International Standard IEC 60728-3:2005,
which is identical with EN 50083-3:2002, was approved by CENELEC as EN 60728-3 on
2005-09-13. As a consequence EN 50083-3:2002 is renumbered as EN 60728-3:2006.
The following date was fixed:
- latest date by which the existence of EN 60728-3
has to be announced at national level (doa) 2006-08-01
________
April 2006
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SIST EN 60728-3:2008
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50083-3
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM April 2002
ICS 33.060.40 Supersedes EN 50083-3:1998
English version
Cable networks for television signals,
sound signals and interactive services
Part 3: Active wideband equipment for coaxial cable networks
Réseaux de distribution par câbles Kabelnetze für Fernsehsignale,
pour signaux de télévision, Tonsignale und interaktive Dienste
signaux de radiodiffusion sonore Teil 3: Aktive Breitbandgeräte
et services interactifs für koaxiale Kabelnetze
Partie 3: Matériels actifs à large bande
utilisés dans les réseaux de distribution
coaxiale
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2001-10-01. CENELEC members are bound to
comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and
notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,
Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2002 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 50083-3:2002 E
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SIST EN 60728-3:2008
EN 50083-3: 2002 - 2 -
Foreword
This European Standard was prepared by CENELEC Technical Committee TC 209, "Cable networks for
television signals, sound signals and interactive services" on the basis of EN 50083-3:1998 and the first
amendment to EN 50083-3.
The text of this first amendment was submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure and was approved by
CENELEC on 2001-10-01 to be published as part of a second edition of EN 50083-3.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2002-10-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2004-10-01
Annexes designated "normative" are part of the body of the standard.
Annexes designated "informative" are given for information only.
In this standard, Annexes A, B, C and D are normative and Annexes E and F are informative.
__________
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SIST EN 60728-3:2008
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Content
1 Scope .5
1.1 General . 5
1.2 Specific scope of this part 3 . 5
2 Normative references.6
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations.7
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 Symbols .11
3.3 Abbreviations.12
4 Methods of measurement .13
4.1 Linear distortion.13
4.2 Non-linear distortion.14
4.3 Automatic gain and slope control step response.24
4.4 Noise figure.25
4.5 Cross talk attenuation.26
4.6 Signal level for digitally modulated signals .27
4.7 Method of measurement for non-linearity of return path equipment carrying only digital
modulated signals [Measurement of composite intermodulation noise ratio (CINR)] .27
5 Equipment requirements .29
5.1 General requirements.29
5.2 Safety.29
5.3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).29
5.4 Frequency range .29
5.5 Impedance and return loss.29
5.6 Gain .29
5.7 Flatness.30
5.8 Test points.30
5.9 Group delay.30
5.10 Noise figure.30
5.11 Non-linear distortion.30
5.12 Automatic gain and slope control .31
5.13 Hum modulation .31
5.14 Power supply.32
5.15 Environmental .32
5.16 Marking .32
5.17 Mean operating time between failure (MTBF).33
5.18 Requirements for multiswitches .33
Annexes
Annex A (normative) Test carriers, levels and intermodulation products .42
Annex B (normative) Checks on test equipment .44
Annex C (normative) Table C.1 - Frequency allocation plan .45
Annex D (normative) Special national conditions.46
Annex E (informative) Measurement errors which occur due to mismatched equipment .47
Annex F (informative) Examples of signals, methods of measurement and network design
for return paths .48
Tables
Table 1 - Return loss requirements for all equipment.34
Table 2 - Correction factors where the modulation used is other than 100% .34
Table 3 - Notch filter frequencies.35
Table C.1 - Frequency allocation plan .45
Table F.1 - Application of methods of measurement in EN 50083-3 for return path equipment.48
Table F.2 - Application of methods of measurement in EN 50083-6 for return path equipment.49
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SIST EN 60728-3:2008
EN 50083-3: 2002 - 4 -
Figures
Figure 1 - Measurement of return loss.35
Figure 2 - Maximum error a for measurement of return loss using V.S.W.R. bridge with directivity
D = 46 dB and 26 dB test port return loss .35
Figure 3 - Basic arrangement of test equipment for evaluation of the ratio of signal
to intermodulation product .36
Figure 4 - Connection of test equipment for the measurement of non-linear distortion by composite beat .36
Figure 5 - Connection of test equipment for the measurement of composite crossmodulation.37
A
Figure 6 - Carrier/hum ratio = 20�lg dB .37
��
a
Figure 7 - Test set-up for local-powered objects .38
Figure 8 - Test set-up for remote-powered objects.38
Figure 9 - Oscilloscope display.38
Figure 10 - Measurement of AGC step response.39
Figure 11 - Time constant T .39
c
Figure 12 - Measurement of noise figure .39
Figure 13 - Presentation of the result of CINR .40
Figure 14 - Characteristic of the noise filter .40
Figure 15 - Test setup for the non-linearity measurement .41
Figure 16 - Measurement of cross talk attenuation for loop trough ports of multiswitches.41
Figure A.1 - An example showing products formed when 2� > � .42
A B
Figure A.2 - An example showing products formed when 2� < � .42
A B
Figure A.3 - Products of the form � � � � � .43
A B C
Figure E.1 - Error concerning return loss measurement.47
Figure E.2 - Maximum ripple .47
Figure F.1 - Spectrum of a QPSK-modulated signal .48
Figure F.2a - Loading with digital channels can be simulated with wideband noise .50
Figure F.2b - Non-linearity decreases the S/N at high levels.50
Figure F.3 - Network used in the design example.50
Figure F.4 - A test result measured from a real 20 dB return amplified.51
Figure F.5 - The CINR curve of one amplifier is modified to represent the CINR of the whole
coaxial section of the network.52
Figure F.6 - The CINR of an optical link as a function of OMI, example.53
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1 Scope
1.1 General
Standards of EN 50083 series deal with cable networks for television signals, sound signals and
interactive services including equipment, systems and installations
� for headend reception, processing and distribution of television and sound signals and
their associated data signals and
� for processing, interfacing and transmitting all kinds of signals for interactive services
using all applicable transmission media.
All kinds of networks like
� CATV-networks,
� MATV-networks and SMATV-networks,
� Individual receiving networks
and all kinds of equipment, systems and installations installed in such networks, are within this
scope.
The extent of this standardisation work is from the antennas, special signal source inputs to the
headend or other interface points to the network up to the system outlet or the terminal input,
where no system outlet exists.
The standardisation of any user terminals (i.e. tuners, receivers, decoders, multimedia terminals
etc.) as well as of any coaxial and optical cables and accessories therefor is excluded.
1.2 Specific scope of this part 3
This standard
� applies to all broadband amplifiers used in cable networks;
� covers the frequency range 5 MHz to 3000 MHz;
� applies to one-way and two-way equipment;
� lays down the basic methods of measurement of the operational characteristics of the
active equipment in order to assess the performance of this equipment;
� identifies the performance specifications that shall be published by the manufacturers;
� states the minimum performance requirements of certain parameters.
Amplifiers are divided into the following two quality levels:
Grade 1: Amplifiers typically intended to be cascaded.
Grade 2: Amplifiers for use typically within an apartment block, or within a single residence, to
feed a few outlets.
Practical experience has shown these types meet most of the technical requirements necessary for
supplying a minimum signal quality to the subscribers. This classification shall not be considered
as a requirement but as the information for users and manufacturers on the minimum quality
criteria of the material required to install networks of different sizes. The system operator has to
select appropriate material to meet the minimum signal quality at the subscriber´s outlet, and to
optimise cost/performance, taking into account the size of the network and local circumstances.
All requirements and published data are understood as guaranteed values within the specified
frequency range and in well matched conditions.
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SIST EN 60728-3:2008
EN 50083-3: 2002 - 6 -
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revision of
any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by
amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to
applies.
EN 50083 Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and
interactive services
EN 50083-1 1993 Part 1: Safety requirements
+ A1 1997
+ A2 1997
EN 50083-2 2001 Part 2: Electromagnetic compatibility for equipment
EN 50083-4 1998 Part 4: Passive wideband equipment for coaxial cable
networks
EN 50083-5 2001 Part 5: Headend equipment
EN 50083-6 1997 Part 6: Optical equipment
EN 50083-10 2002 System performance for return paths
EN 60068 / series Environmental testing/Basic environmental testing
HD 323 procedures
EN 60169-24 1993 Radio frequency connectors – Part 24: Radio frequency
coaxial connectors with screw coupling, typically for use
in 75 ohm cable distribution systems (Type F)
(IEC 60169-24:1991)
EN 60417 series Graphical symbols for use on equipment
(IEC 60417 series)
EN 60529 1991 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
+ A1 2000 (IEC 60529:1989 + A1:1999)
EN 61319-1 1996 Interconnections of satellite receiving equipment
+ A11 1999 Part 1: Europe (IEC 61319-1:1995)
EN 80416 series Basic principles for graphical symbols for use on
equipment (EIC 80416 series)
HD 134.2.S2 1984 Radio frequency connectors – Part 2: Coaxial
unmatched connector (IEC 60169-2:1965 + A1:1982)
ES 200 800 2001 Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); DVB interaction
V1.3.1 channel for Cable TV distribution systems (CATV)
ETS 300 158 1992 Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES) - Television
Receive Only (TVRO-FSS) Satellite Earth Stations
operating in the 11/12 GHz FSS bands
ETS 300 249 1993 Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES) - Television
Receive Only (TVRO) equipment used in the
Broadcasting Satellite Service (BSS)
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3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions apply.
3.1.1
equaliser
a device designed to compensate over a certain frequency range for the amplitude/frequency
distortion or phase/frequency distortion introduced by feeders or equipment
NOTE This device is for the compensation of linear distortions only.
3.1.2
feeder
a transmission path forming part of a cable network. Such a path may consist of a metallic cable,
optical fibre, waveguide or any combination of them. By extension, the term is also applied to paths
containing one or more radio links
3.1.3
decibel ratio
ten times the logarithm of the ratio of two quantities of power P and P , i.e.
1 2
P
1
10 lg (dB)
P
2
3.1.4
standard reference power and voltage
In cable networks the standard reference power, P , is 1/75 pW
0
NOTE This is the power dissipated in a 75 ohm resistor with a voltage drop of 1�V across it.
RMS
The standard reference voltage, U , is 1�V
0
3.1.5
level
the level of any power P is the decibel ratio of that power to the standard reference power P , i.e.
1 0
P
1
10 lg
P
0
the level of any voltage U is the decibel ratio of that voltage to the standard reference voltage U ,
1 0
i.e.
U
1
20 lg
U
0
This may be expressed in decibel (relative to 1�V in 75 ohm) or more simply in dB (�V) if there is
no risk of ambiguity.
3.1.6
attenuation
ratio of the input power to the output power of an equipment or system, usually expressed in
decibel
3.1.7
gain
decibel ratio of the output power to the input power
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EN 50083-3: 2002 - 8 -
3.1.8
amplitude frequency response
gain or loss of an equipment or system plotted against frequency
3.1.9
slope
difference in gain or attenuation at two specified frequencies between any two points in an
equipment or system
3.1.10
crossmodulation
undesired modulation of the carrier of a desired signal by the modulation of another signal as a
result of equipment or system non-linearities
3.1.11
carrier to noise ratio
difference in decibel between the vision or sound carrier level at a given point in an equipment or
system and the noise level at that point (measured within a bandwidth appropriate to the television
or radio system in use)
3.1.12
noise factor/noise figure
noise factor/noise figure are used as figures of merit describing the internally generated noise of an
active device
The noise factor (F) is the ratio of the carrier to noise ratio at the input, to the carrier to noise ratio
at the output of an active device, assuming the incoming carrier is noise free.
C /N
1 1
F�
C /N
2 2
where C = signal power at the input
1
C = singal power at the output
2
N = noise power at the input (ideal thermal noise)
1
N = noise power at the output
2
In other words, the noise factor is the ratio of noise power at the output of an active device to the
noise power at the same point if the device had been ideal and added no noise.
N
2actual
F �
N
2ideal
The noise factor is dimensionless and is often expressed as noise figure (NF) in dB
NF = 10 lg F (dB)
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3.1.13
ideal thermal noise
noise generated in a resistive component due to the thermal agitation of electrons
The thermal power generated is given by:
P =4 x B x k x T
where
P = noise power in watts
B = bandwidth in hertz
-23
k = Boltzmann's constant = 1,38 x 10 J/K
T = absolute temperature in kelvins
It follows that:
2
U
=4 x B x k x T
R
and
U= 4 x R xB xk xT
where: U = noise voltage
R = resistance in ohms
In practice it is normal for the source to be terminated with a load equal to the internal resistance
value, the noise at the input is then U/2.
3.1.14
chrominance / luminance delay inequality
delay inequality in nanoseconds, between the luminance and chrominance (4,43 MHz) within a
single PAL/SECAM television channel. The worst case channels shall be identified by frequency.
3.1.15
well-matched
matching condition when the return loss of the equipment complies with the requirements of
Table 1.
NOTE Through mismatching of measurement instruments and the measurement object measurement errors are
possible. Comments to the estimation of such errors are given in Annex E.
3.1.16
multiswitch
equipment used in distribution systems for signals that are received from satellites and converted
to a suitable IF. The IF signals that are received from different polarisations, frequency bands and
orbital positions are input signals to the multiswitch. Subscriber feeders are connected to
multiswitch output ports. Each output port is switched to one of the input ports, depending on
control signals that are transmitted from the subscriber equipment to the multiswitch. Beside a
splitter for each input port and a switch for each output port a multiswitch can contain amplifiers to
compensate for distribution or cable losses.
3.1.17
multiswitch loop through port
one or more ports to loop through the input signals through a multiswitch. This enables larger
networks with multiple multiswitches, each one installed close to a group of subscribers. The
multiswitches are connected in a loop through manner. The IF signals that are received by an
outdoor unit from different polarisations, frequency bands and orbital positions are input signals to
a first multiswitch. Cables connect the loop through ports of this multiswitch to the input ports of a
second multiswitch and so on.
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EN 50083-3: 2002 - 10 -
3.1.18
multiswitch port for terrestrial signals
A network can be used to distribute terrestrial signals in addition to the signals received from
satellites. The terrestrial antennas are connected to an optional terrestrial input port of a
multiswitch. On each output port the terrestrial signals are available in addition to the satellite IF
signals. Since the usual frequency ranges for terrestrial signals and satellite IF signals do not
overlap, both can be carried on the same cable.
For large networks with loop through connected multiswitches, two possibilities exist to carry the
terrestrial signals from one multiswitch to another multiswitch:
a) To use a specialised cable for the terrestrial signal, in addition with the cables used for the
satellite IF signals and then, on each output port the terrestrial signal is combined with the selected
satellite IF signal.
b) To combine the terrestrial signal with each satellite IF signal before the first multiswitch in
order to minimise the number of cables between multiswitches.
NOTE The signal coming from an outdoor unit for satellite reception may contain unwanted signal-components with
frequencies below the foreseen satellite IF frequency range. These signal-components overlap with the frequency range
of terrestrial signals. For example, an outdoor unit that converts the frequency band 11,7 to 12,75 GHz to the satellite IF
frequency range may convert signals in the 10,7 to 11,7 GHz band to frequencies below the satellite IF frequency range.
These frequencies have to be filtered out sufficiently to avoid interference with terrestrial signals on the same cable.
3.1.19
cross talk attenuation
unwanted signals beside the wanted signal on a lead caused by electromagnetic coupling between
leads. Cross talk attenuation is the ratio of the wanted signal power to the unwanted signal power,
while equal signal powers are applied to the leads. Cross talk attenuation is usually expressed in
decibel.
3.1.20
composite intermodulation noise (CIN)
sum of noise and intermodulation products from digital modulated signals
3.1.21
composite intermodulation noise ratio (CINR)
ratio of the signal level and the CIN level.
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3.2 Symbols
Symbols Terms Symbols Terms
V
A amperemeter voltmeter
W
power meter oscilloscope
G
G
signal generator
variable signal generator
G
noise generator low pass filter
kT
high pass filter bandpass filter
DUT
stop band filter device under Test
A
attenuator variable attenuator
A
x dB
�
combiner tap-off-box
O
double tap-off-box optical receiver
E
amplifier with return path
spectrum analyser
amplifier
detector with LF-amplifier adjustable AC voltage source
ground capacitor
RF choke variable resistor
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3.3 Abbreviations
AC alternating current
AF audio frequency
AGC automatic gain control
AM amplitude modulation
CATV community antenna television (system)
CIN Composite intermodulation noise
CINR Composite intermodulation noise ratio
CSO composite second order
CTB composite tripple beat
CW continous wave
DUT device under test
EMC electromagnetic compatibility
HP high pass
IF intermediate frequency
IP international protection
LF low frequency
LP low pass
MATV master antenna television (system)
MTBF meantime between failure
OMI Optimum Modulation Index
PAL phase alternating line
RF
...
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