oSIST prEN IEC 61340-5-1:2023
(Main)Electrostatics - Part 5-1: Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenomena - General requirements
Electrostatics - Part 5-1: Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenomena - General requirements
Elektrostatik - Teil 5-1: Schutz von elektronischen Bauelementen gegen elektrostatische Phänomene - Allgemeine Anforderungen
Électrostatique - Partie 5-1: Protection des dispositifs électroniques contre les phénomènes électrostatiques - Exigences générales
Elektrostatika - 5-1. del: Zaščita elektronskih naprav pred elektrostatskimi pojavi - Splošne zahteve
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN IEC 61340-5-1:2023
01-junij-2023
Elektrostatika - 5-1. del: Zaščita elektronskih naprav pred elektrostatskimi pojavi -
Splošne zahteve
Electrostatics - Part 5-1: Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenomena -
General requirements
Elektrostatik - Teil 5-1: Schutz von elektronischen Bauelementen gegen elektrostatische
Phänomene - Allgemeine Anforderungen
Électrostatique - Partie 5-1: Protection des dispositifs électroniques contre les
phénomènes électrostatiques - Exigences générales
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN IEC 61340-5-1:2023
ICS:
17.220.99 Drugi standardi v zvezi z Other standards related to
elektriko in magnetizmom electricity and magnetism
31.020 Elektronske komponente na Electronic components in
splošno general
oSIST prEN IEC 61340-5-1:2023 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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101/679/CDV
COMMITTEE DRAFT FOR VOTE (CDV)
PROJECT NUMBER:
IEC 61340-5-1 ED3
DATE OF CIRCULATION: CLOSING DATE FOR VOTING:
2023-03-31 2023-06-23
SUPERSEDES DOCUMENTS:
101/657/CD, 101/672/CC
IEC TC 101 : ELECTROSTATICS
SECRETARIAT: SECRETARY:
Germany Mr Hartmut Berndt
OF INTEREST TO THE FOLLOWING COMMITTEES: PROPOSED HORIZONTAL STANDARD:
TC 47
Other TC/SCs are requested to indicate their interest, if
any, in this CDV to the secretary.
FUNCTIONS CONCERNED:
EMC ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE SAFETY
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for Vote (CDV) is submitted for parallel voting.
The CENELEC members are invited to vote through the
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This document is still under study and subject to change. It should not be used for reference purposes.
Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of
• any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation ,
• any relevant “in some countries” clauses to be included should this proposal proceed. Recipients are
reminded that the enquiry stage is the final stage for submitting "in some countries" clauses. See
AC/22/2007.
TITLE:
Electrostatics - Part 5-1: Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic phenomena - General
requirements
PROPOSED STABILITY DATE: 2028
NOTE FROM TC/SC OFFICERS:
Copyright © 2023 International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC. All rights reserved. It is permitted to
download this electronic file, to make a copy and to print out the content for the sole purpose of preparing
National Committee positions. You may not copy or "mirror" the file or printed version of the document, or any part
of it, for any other purpose without permission in writing from IEC.
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1 CONTENTS
2 CONTENTS . 2
3 FOREWORD . 3
4 INTRODUCTION . 5
5 1 Scope . 7
6 2 Normative references. 7
7 3 Terms and definitions . 8
8 4 Personnel safety . 10
9 5 ESD control program . 10
10 5.1 General . 10
11 5.1.1 ESD control program requirements . 10
12 5.1.2 ESD coordinator . 10
13 5.1.3 Tailoring . 10
14 5.2 ESD control program administrative requirements . 10
15 5.2.1 ESD control program plan . 10
16 5.2.2 Training plan . 11
17 5.2.3 Product qualification . 11
18 5.2.4 Compliance verification plan . 12
19 5.3 ESD control program plan technical requirements . 12
20 5.3.1 General . 12
21 5.3.2 Grounding/equipotential bonding systems . 12
22 5.3.3 Personnel grounding . 14
23 5.3.4 ESD protected areas (EPA) . 15
24 5.3.5 Packaging . 17
25 5.3.6 Marking . 18
26 Annex A . 19
27 Bibliography . 21
28
29 Figure 1 – Schematic of an EPA with a ground reference . 13
30 Figure 2 – Schematic of an equipotential bonding system . 14
31
32 Table 1 – Grounding/bonding requirements . 14
33 Table 2 – Personnel grounding requirements . 15
34 Table 3 – EPA requirements . 17
35 Table 4 – Packaging Requirements . 18
36
37
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38 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
39 ____________
40
41 ELECTROSTATICS –
42
43 Part 5-1: Protection of electronic devices from
44 electrostatic phenomena – General requirements
45
46 FOREWORD
47 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
48 all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
49 international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
50 this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
51 Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
52 Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
53 in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non -
54 governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC col laborates closely
55 with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
56 agreement between the two organizations.
57 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as pos sible, an international
58 consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
59 interested IEC National Committees.
60 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepte d by IEC National
61 Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
62 Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
63 misinterpretation by any end user.
64 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
65 transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
66 between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
67 the latter.
68 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
69 assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
70 services carried out by independent certification bodies.
71 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
72 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
73 members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
74 other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including l egal fees) and
75 expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
76 Publications.
77 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
78 indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
79 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
80 patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
81 International Standard IEC 61340-5-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 101:
82 Electrostatics.
83 This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2016. This edition
84 constitutes a technical revision.
85 This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
86 edition:
87 a) There were definitions added to the document
88 b) Updates to product qualification requirements
89 c) Personal grounding now included reference to groundable static control garment systems
90 d) Table 2 was replaced
91 e) Insulator section was updated to define what an insulator is
92 f) Isolated conductors were updated to include a definition on what an isolated conductor is
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93 g) Table 3 was updated, technical items added, included reference to IEC 61340-5-4 for
94 compliance verification testing
95 h) Table 4 was added as a summary of the requirements in IEC 61340-5-3 and to include
96 requirements for compliance verification of packaging
97 i) Annex A was replaced, the former Annex is no longer required. Annex A are examples of
98 tailoring
99 The text of this standard is based on the following document:
IEC 61340-5-1 Ed 2
100
101 This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
102 A list of all parts in the IEC 61340 series, published under the general title Electrostatics, can
103 be found on the IEC website.
104 The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
105 the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
106 related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
107 • reconfirmed,
108 • withdrawn,
109 • replaced by a revised edition, or
110 • amended.
111 The contents of the corrigendum of May 2017 have been included in this copy.
112
113
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114 INTRODUCTION
115 This part of IEC 61340 covers the requirements necessary to design, establish, implement
116 and maintain an electrostatic discharge (ESD) control program for activities that: manufacture,
117 process, assemble, install, package, label, service, test, inspect, transport or otherwise
118 handle electrical or electronic parts, assemblies and equipment susceptible to damage by
119 electrostatic discharges greater than or equal to 100 V human body model (HBM), 200 V
120 charged device model (CDM) and 35 V on isolated conductors. Isolated conductors were
121 historically represented by machine model (MM). The 35 V limit is related to the level
122 achievable using ionizers specified in this standard. The MM test is no longer required for
123 qualification of devices, only the HBM and CDM tests are. The requirements relating to MM
124 are retained in this standard for process control of isolated conductors only.
125 Any contact and physical separation of materials or flow of solids, liquids, or particle-laden
126 gases can generate electrostatic charges. Common sources of ESD include charged:
127 personnel, conductors, common polymeric materials, and processing equipment. ESD
128 damage can occur when:
129 • a charged person or object comes into contact with an ESD sensitive device (ESDS);
130 • an ESDS comes into direct contact with a highly conductive surface while exposed to an
131 electrostatic field;
132 • a charged ESDS comes into contact with another conductive surface which is at a different
133 electrical potential. This surface can be grounded or ungrounded.
134 Examples of ESDS are microcircuits, discrete semiconductors, thick and thin film resistors,
135 hybrid devices, printed circuit boards and piezoelectric crystals. It is possible to determine
136 device and item susceptibility by exposing the device to simulated ESD events. The ESD
137 withstand voltage determined by sensitivity tests using simulated ESD events does not
138 necessarily represent the ability of the device to withstand ESD from real sources at that
139 voltage level. However, the levels of sensitivity are used to establish a baseline of
140 susceptibility data for comparison of devices with equivalent part numbers from different
141 manufacturers. Three different models have been used for qualification of electronic
142 components – HBM, MM, and CDM. In current practice devices are qualified only using HBM
143 and CDM susceptibility tests.
144 This standard covers the ESD control program requirements necessary for setting up a
145 program to handle ESDS, based on the historical experience of both military and commercial
146 organizations. The fundamental ESD control principles that form the basis of this standard are
147 as follows.
148 • Avoid a discharge from any charged, conductive object (personnel and especially
149 automated handling equipment) into the ESDS. This can be accomplished by bonding or
150 electrically connecting all conductors in the environment, including personnel, to a known
151 ground or contrived ground (as on board ship or on aircraft). This attachment creates an
152 equipotential balance between all conducting objects and personnel. Electrostatic
153 protection can be maintained at a potential different from a “zero” voltage ground potential
154 as long as all conductive objects in the system are at the same potential.
155 • Avoid a discharge from any charged ESD sensitive device. Charging can result from direct
156 contact and separation or it can be induced by an electric field. Necessary insulators in
157 the environment cannot lose their electrostatic charge by attachment to ground. Ionization
158 systems provide neutralization of charges on these necessary insulators (circuit board
159 materials and some device packages are examples of necessary insulators). The ESD
160 hazard created by electrostatic charges on the necessary insulators in the work place is
161 assessed to ensure that appropriate actions are implemented, according to the risk.
162 • Once outside of an electrostatic discharge protected area (hereinafter referred to as an
163 EPA) it is generally not possible to control the above items, therefore, ESD protective
164 packaging can be required. ESD protection can be achieved by enclosing ESD sensitive
165 products in static protective materials, although the type of material depends on the
166 situation and destination. Inside an EPA, static dissipative materials can provide adequate
167 protection. Outside an EPA, static discharge shielding materials are recommended. Whilst
168 all of these materials are not discussed in this standard, it is important to recognize the
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169 differences in their application. For more information see IEC 61340-5-3 and IEC TR
170 61340-5-5.
171 Each organization has different processes, and so will require a different blend of ESD
172 prevention measures for an optimum ESD control program. Measures should be selected,
173 based on technical necessity and carefully documented in an ESD control program plan, so
174 that all concerned can be sure of the program requirements.
175 Training is an essential part of an ESD control program in order to ensure that the personnel
176 involved understand the equipment and procedures they are to use in order to be in
177 compliance with the ESD control program plan. Training is also essential in raising awareness
178 and understanding of ESD issues. Without training, personnel are often a major source of
179 ESD risk. With training, they become an effective first line of defence against ESD damage.
180 Product qualification ensures that equipment sourced for use in the ESD control program
181 meets the technical requirements before it is placed in service. A product qualification plan
182 details the criteria to be used for selection of ESD control items.
183 Regular compliance verification checks and tests are essential to ensure that equipment
184 remains effective and that the ESD control program is correctly implemented in compliance
185 with the ESD control program plan.
186
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187 ELECTROSTATICS –
188
189 Part 5-1: Protection of electronic devices from
190 electrostatic phenomena – General requirements
191
192
193
194 1 Scope
195 This part of IEC 61340 applies to organizations that: manufacture, process, assemble, install,
196 package, label, service, test, inspect, transport or otherwise handle electrical or electronic
197 parts, assemblies and equipment with withstand voltages greater than or equal to 100 V
198 human body model (HBM) and 200 V charge device model (CDM). Also, protection from
199 isolated conductors is addressed by limiting the voltage on isolated conductors to less than
200 35 V. ESDS with lower withstand voltages can require additional control elements or adjusted
201 limits. Processes designed to handle items that have lower ESD withstand voltage(s) may still
202 claim compliance to this standard.
1
203 This standard provides the requirements for an ESD control program. IEC TR 61340-5-2 [9]
204 provides guidance on the implementation of this standard.
205 This standard does not apply to electrically initiated explosive devices, flammable liquids,
206 gases and powders.
207 The purpose of this standard is to provide the administrative and technical requirements for
208 establishing, implementing and maintaining an ESD control program (hereinafter referred to
209 as the “program”).
210 2 Normative references
211 The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
212 are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
213 undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
214 amendments) applies.
215 IEC 61340-2-3, Electrostatics – Part 2-3: Methods of test for determining the resistance and
216 resistivity of solid materials used to avoid electrostatic charge accumulation
217 IEC 61340-4-1, Electrostatics – Part 4-1: Standard test methods for specific applications –
218 Electrical resistance of floor coverings and installed floors
219 IEC 61340-4-3, Electrostatics – Part 4-3: Standard test methods for specific applications –
220 Footwear
221 IEC 61340-4-5, Electrostatics – Part 4-5: Standard test methods for specific applications –
222 Methods for characterizing the electrostatic protection of footwear and flooring in combination
223 with a person
224 IEC 61340-4-6, Electrostatics – Part 4-6: Standard test methods for specific applications –
225 Wrist straps
226 IEC 61340-4-7, Electrostatics – Part 4-7: Standard test methods for specific applications –
227 Ionization
_____________
1
Numbers in square brackets refer to the bibliography.
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228 IEC 61340-4-8, Electrostatic – Part 4-8: Standard test methods for specific applications –
229 Electrostatic discharge shielding - Bags
230 IEC 61340-4-9, Electrostatics – Part 4-9: Standard test methods for specific applications –
231 Garments
232 IEC 61340-5-3, Electrostatics – Part 5-3: Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic
233 phenomena – Properties and requirements classification for packaging intended for
234 electrostatic discharge sensitive devices
235 IEC TS 61340-5-4, Electrostatics – Part 5-4: Protection of electronic devices from electrostatic
236 phenomena – Compliance Verification
237 3 Terms and definitions
238 For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
239 NOTE For the purposes of this document “earth” and “ground” have the same meaning.
240 3.1
241 charged device model
242 CDM
243 ESD stress model that approximates the discharge event that occurs when a charged
244 component is quickly discharged to another object at a different electrostatic potential
245 Note 1 to entry: Charged device model is described in IEC 60749028 [9].
246 Note 2 to entry: This note only applies to the French language.
247 3.2
248 common ground point
249 grounded device or location where the conductors of two or more ESD control items are
250 bonded
251 3.3
252 common connection point
253 device or location where the conductors of two or more ESD control items are connected in
254 order to bring the ESD control items to the same electrical potential through equipotential
255 bonding
256 3.4
257 equipotential bond
258 electrical connection of conductive parts (or items used to control ESD) so that they are at
259 substantially the same voltage under normal and fault conditions
260 3.5
261 electrostatic discharge
262 ESD
263 rapid transfer of charge between bodies that are at different electrostatic potentials
264 Note 1 to entry: This note only applies to the French language.
265 3.6
266 ESD control items
267 materials or products designed to prevent the generation of static charge and/or dissipate
268 static charges that have been generated so as to prevent damage to ESD sensitive devices
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269 3.7
270 ESD protected area
271 EPA
272 area in which an ESDS can be handled with accepted risk of damage as a result of
273 electrostatic discharge or fields
274 Note 1 to entry: This note only applies to the French language.
275 3.8
276 ESD sensitive device
277 ESDS
278 sensitive device, integrated circuit or assembly that can be damaged by electrostatic fields or
279 electrostatic discharge
280 3.9
281 ESD withstand voltage
282 highest voltage level that does not cause device failure
283 Note 1 to entry: The device passes all tested lower voltages.
284 3.10
285 functional ground
286 terminal used to connect parts to ground for reasons other than safety
287 3.11
288 human body model
289 HBM
290 ESD stress model that approximates the discharge from the fingertip of a typical human being
291 onto a pin of a device with another pin grounded
292 Note 1 to entry: Human body model is described in IEC 60749-26 [2].
293 Note 2 to entry: This note only applies to the French language.
294 3.12
295 machine model
296 MM
297 ESD stress model that approximates the discharge from a tool or equipment onto a pin of a
298 device with another pin grounded
299 Note 1 to entry: Machine model is described in IEC 60749-27 [3].
300 Note 2 to entry: This note only applies to the French language.
301 3.13
302 organization
303 company, group or body that handles ESDS
304 Note 1 to entry: For the purposes of this document an organization can be an individual person.
305 3.14
306 protective earth
307 terminal used to connect parts to earth for safety reasons
308 3.15
309 unprotected ESDS item
310 ESDS without ESD protective packaging or coverings
311 3.16
312 worksurface
313 surface where any type of work or processing can be performed on an unprotected ESDS
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314 4 Personnel safety
315 The procedures and equipment described in this standard can expose personnel to hazardous
316 electrical conditions. Users of this standard are responsible for selecting equipment that
317 complies with applicable laws, regulatory codes and both external and internal policy. Users
318 are cautioned that this standard cannot replace or supersede any requirements for personnel
319 safety.
320 Electrical hazard reduction practices shall be exercised and proper grounding instructions for
321 equipment shall be followed.
322 5 ESD control program
323 5.1 General
324 5.1.1 ESD control program requirements
325 The ESD control program shall include all the administrative and technical requirements of
326 this standard. The organization shall establish, document, implement, maintain and verify the
327 compliance of the program in accordance with the requirements of this standard.
328 5.1.2 ESD control program manager or coordinator
329 The organization shall assign an ESD control program manager or coordinator with the
330 responsibility for implementing the requirements of this standard including establishing,
331 documenting, maintaining and verifying the compliance of the program. The roles may be
332 delegated to other sub-ordinate personnel appropriate to an organization’s requirements,
333 provided the ESD control program manager or coordinator retains managerial responsibility.
334
335 5.1.3 Tailoring
336 It is possible that for some applications, some of the requirements of this standard are not
337 applicable. Tailoring is accomplished by evaluating the applicability of each requirement for
338 the specific application. Upon completion of the evaluation, requirements may be added,
339 modified or deleted. Tailoring decisions, including rationale and technical justification, shall be
340 documented. See Annex A for more information.
341 5.2 ESD control program administrative requirements
342 5.2.1 ESD control program plan
343 The ESD control program shall document the lowest ESD withstand voltage(s) that can be
344 handled. By default, the values given in Clause 1 shall apply. The organization shall prepare
345 an ESD control program plan that addresses each of the requirements of the program. Those
346 requirements are:
347 • training,
348 • product qualification,
349 • compliance verification,
350 • grounding/bonding systems,
351 • personnel grounding,
352 • EPA requirements,
353 • packaging systems,
354 • marking.
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355 The plan is the principal document for implementing and verifying the program. The goal is a
356 fully implemented and integrated program that conforms to internal quality system
357 requirements. The plan shall apply to all applicable facets of the organization’s work.
358 5.2.2 Training plan
359 The training plan shall define all personnel that are required to have ESD awareness and
360 prevention training. At a minimum, initial and recurrent ESD awareness and prevention
361 training shall be provided to all personnel who handle or otherwise come into contact with any
362 ESDS. Initial training shall be provided before personnel handle ESD sensitive devices
...
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