SIST EN 14805:2009
(Main)Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption - Sodium chloride for on site electrochlorination using non-membrane technology
Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption - Sodium chloride for on site electrochlorination using non-membrane technology
This European Standard is applicable to sodium chloride intended for on site electrochlorination of water, intended for water for human consumption. It describes the characteristics and specifies the requirements and the corresponding test methods for sodium chloride (see Annex B). It gives information on its use in water treatment.
Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser für den menschlichen Gebrauch - Natriumchlorid zur elektrochemischen Erzeugung von Chlor vor Ort mittels membranloser Verfahren
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Natriumchlorid zur elektrochemischen Erzeugung von Chlor vor Ort mittels
membranloser Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Wasser für den menschlichen Gebrauch. Sie beschreibt die
Eigenschaften und legt die Anforderungen sowie die entsprechenden Prüfverfahren (siehe Anhang B) für
Natriumchlorid fest. Sie enthält Angaben zur Anwendung des Produktes in der Wasseraufbereitung.
Produits chimiques utilisés pour le traitement de l'eau destinée à la consommation humaine - Chlorure de sodium pour la génération électrochimique de chlore utilisant des technologies non membranaires
La présente Norme européenne s’applique au chlorure de sodium utilisé pour la génération électrochimique de chlore dans l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine utilisant des technologies non membranaires. Elle décrit les caractéristiques et spécifie les exigences et les méthodes d’essai correspondantes pour le chlorure de sodium (voir Annexe B). Elle donne des informations sur son emploi dans le traitement de l’eau.
Kemikalije, ki se uporabljajo za pripravo pitne vode - Natrijev klorid za pridobivanje klora po elektrokemijskem postopku brez uporabe membranske tehnologije
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Kemikalije, ki se uporabljajo za pripravo pitne vode - Natrijev klorid za pridobivanje klora po elektrokemijskem postopku brez uporabe membranske tehnologijeProdukte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser für den menschlichen Gebrauch - Natriumchlorid zur elektrochemischen Erzeugung von Chlor vor Ort mittels membranloser VerfahrenProduits chimiques utilisés pour le traitement de l'eau destinée à la consommation humaine - Chlorure de sodium pour la génération électrochimique de chlore utilisant des technologies non membranairesChemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption - Sodium chloride for on site electrochlorination using non-membrane technology71.100.80Chemicals for purification of water13.060.20Pitna vodaDrinking waterICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14805:2008SIST EN 14805:2009en,fr,de01-januar-2009SIST EN 14805:2009SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 14805:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 14805June 2008ICS 71.100.80 English VersionChemicals used for treatment of water intended for humanconsumption - Sodium chloride for on site electrochlorinationusing non-membrane technologyProduits chimiques utilisés pour le traitement de l'eaudestinée à la consommation humaine - Chlorure de sodiumpour la génération électrochimique de chlore utilisant destechnologies non membranairesProdukte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser für denmenschlichen Gebrauch - Natriumchlorid zurelektrochemischen Erzeugung von Chlor vor Ort mittelsmembranloser VerfahrenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 May 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2008 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14805:2008: ESIST EN 14805:2009
EN 14805:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.3 Introduction.4 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references.5 3 Description.5 3.1 Identification.5 3.2 Commercial forms.6 3.3 Physical properties.6 3.4 Chemical properties.8 4 Purity criteria.8 4.1 General.8 4.2 Composition of commercial product.9 4.3 Impurities and main by-products.9 4.4 Chemical parameters.9 5 Test methods.10 5.1 Sampling.10 5.2 Analyses.10 6 Labelling - transportation - storage.14 6.1 Means of delivery.14 6.2 Risk and safety labelling in accordance with EU directives.15 6.3 Transportation regulations and labelling.15 6.4 Marking.15 6.5 Storage.15 Annex A (informative)
General information on sodium chloride for electrochlorination.16 Annex B (normative)
Analytical methods.18 Bibliography.33
SIST EN 14805:2009
EN 14805:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14805:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 14805:2009
EN 14805:2008 (E) 4 Introduction In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption, caused by the product covered by this European Standard: a) this European Standard provides no information as to whether the product may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA; b) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product remain in force. NOTE Conformity with this European Standard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the product in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the product covered by this European Standard is subject to regulation or control by National Authorities. SIST EN 14805:2009
EN 14805:2008 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to sodium chloride intended for on site electrochlorination of water intended for human consumption using non-membrane technology. It describes the characteristics and specifies the requirements and the corresponding test methods for sodium chloride (see Annex B). It gives information on its use in water treatment. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 973:2002, Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption — Sodium chloride for regeneration of ion exchangers EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) ISO 2479, Sodium chloride for industrial use — Determination of matter insoluble in water or in acid and preparation of principal solutions for other determinations ISO 2480, Sodium chloride for industrial use — Determination of sulphate content — Barium sulphate gravimetric method ISO 2482, Sodium chloride for industrial use — Determination of calcium and magnesium contents — EDTA complexometric methods ISO 2483, Sodium chloride for industrial use — Determination of the loss of mass at 110 degrees C ISO 3165, Sampling of chemical products for industrial use — Safety in sampling ISO 6206, Chemical products for industrial use — Sampling — Vocabulary ISO 6227, Chemical products for industrial use — General method for determination of chloride ions — Potentiometric method ISO 8213, Chemical products for industrial use — Sampling techniques — Solid chemical products in the form of particles varying from powders to coarse lumps 3 Description 3.1 Identification 3.1.1 Chemical name Sodium chloride 3.1.2 Synonym or common name Salt 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass 58,45 SIST EN 14805:2009
EN 14805:2008 (E) 6 3.1.4 Empirical formula NaCl 3.1.5 Chemical formula NaCl 3.1.6 CAS Registry Number1) 7647-14-5 3.1.7 EINECS Reference2) 231-598-3 3.2 Commercial forms The product is available as rock salt, sea salt or evaporated salt, and it is supplied as free-flowing crystals or their compacted forms. 3.3 Physical properties 3.3.1 Appearance The product is white and crystalline. 3.3.2 Density The density of the solid crystal is 2,16 g/cm3 at 20 °C. The bulk density depends on the particle size distribution.
1) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number. 2) European Inventory of Existing Commercial chemical Substances Reference. SIST EN 14805:2009
EN 14805:2008 (E) 7 3.3.3 Solubility (in water) The solubility of the product depends on the temperature as given in Figure 1.
Temperature NaCl solution °C Mass fraction in % - 10 25,0 0 26,34 10 26,35 20 26,43 30 26,56 40 26,71 50 26,89 60 27,09 70 27,30 80 27,53 90 27,80 100 28,12
Key 1 transition point
NaCl Æ NaCl . 2H2O Figure 1 — Solubility curve for sodium chloride in water 3.3.4 Vapour pressure Not applicable. 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa3) Not applicable.
3) 100 kPa = 1 bar SIST EN 14805:2009
EN 14805:2008 (E) 8 3.3.6 Melting point 802 °C 3.3.7 Specific heat Approximately 850 J/(kg⋅K) at 25 °C for the solid. 3.3.8 Viscosity (dynamic) The viscosity of the saturated solution at 20 °C is approximately 1,9 mPa⋅s. 3.3.9 Critical temperature Not applicable. 3.3.10 Critical pressure Not applicable. 3.3.11 Physical hardness The hardness of solid salt is given as 2 to 2,5 on the Mohs' scale of hardness. 3.4 Chemical properties Sodium chloride is stable and non-volatile, and aqueous solutions have good electrical conductivity. Sodium chloride is decomposed by a number of acids. It reacts with sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and strong oxidizing agents. The reactions are often complex and require heat for completion. NOTE Under certain conditions a sodium chloride solution can cause corrosion of metallic surfaces. 4 Purity criteria 4.1 General This European Standard specifies the minimum purity requirements for sodium chloride for on site electrochlorination of water intended for human consumption using non-membrane technology. As the treatment chemical produced by this process is sodium hypochlorite, limits have been calculated from the requirements of
EN 901 (sodium hypochlorite) for those impurities commonly present in the product and the chemical parameters. Consideration has also been given to the requirements of EN 973 (sodium chloride) for regeneration of ion exchangers. Depending on the raw material and the manufacturing process, other impurities may be present and, if so, this shall be notified to the user and, when necessary, to relevant authorities. NOTE 1 Users of this product should check the national regulations in order to clarify whether it is of appropriate purity for the treatment of water intended for human consumption, taking into account raw water quality, required dosage, contents of other impurities and additives used in the product and not stated in this product standard. NOTE 2 Using the sodium hypochlorite standard to define limits produces discrepancies with EN 973 regarding sodium chloride for the regeneration of ion exchange water softeners. This should not be taken to imply any real difference between the chemical purity between salt types meeting either specification. Limits have been given for impurities and chemical parameters where these are likely to be present in significant quantities from the current production process and raw materials. If the production process or raw materials lead to significant quantities of impurities, by-products or additives being present, this shall be notified to the user. SIST EN 14805:2009
EN 14805:2008 (E) 9 4.2 Composition of commercial product 4.2.1 Sodium chloride content The content of sodium chloride in the dry product shall not be less than: Type 1: mass fraction of 99,9 % of dry sodium chloride, NaCl; Type 2: mass fraction of 98,5 % of dry sodium chloride, NaCl. 4.2.2 Anticaking agent Subject to any local legislation in member states, an anticaking agent, sodium or potassium hexacyanoferrate, is allowed up to a maximum level in the final product of 15 mg/kg, expressed as the anhydrous hexacyanoferrate ion [Fe(CN6)]-4; for the determination, see B.3 of EN 973:2002. If gaseous free chlorine is produced as a stage in the electrochlorination process, the level of hexacyanoferrate ion present should be less than 3 mg/kg. 4.3 Impurities and main by-products The product shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1 and Table 2. Table 1 — Impurities Impurity Limit in mass fraction in % of NaCI content
Type 1 Type 2 Water-insoluble matter max. 0,05 0,35 Bromide max. 0,025 0,05 Table 2 — Moisture content Impurity Limit in mass fraction in % of NaCI content
Dry salt Un-dried salt Moisture content Max. 0,1 5
4.4 Chemical parameters The product shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 3. SIST EN 14805:2009
EN 14805:2008 (E) 10
Table 3 — Chemical parameters Parameter
Limits in mg/kg of commercial product
Type 1 Type 2 Arsenic (As) max. 0,3 1,5 Cadmium (Cd) max. 0,75 1,5 Chromium (Cr) max. 0,75 1,5 Mercury (Hg) max. 1,05 1,5 Nickel (Ni) max. 0,75 3 Lead (Pb) max. 3,5 4,5 Antimony (Sb) max. 6 7,5 Selenium (Se) max. 6 7,5 NOTE Other chemical parameters and indicator parameters are not relevant in sodium chloride, but there might be other parameter limits related to equipment performance, and some of these are listed in Annex A.
5 Test methods 5.1 Sampling A test sample of about 500 g shall be taken for analysis, ensuring that it is representative of the whole batch, and taking account of ISO 3165 and also ISO 6206. Prepare the laboratory sample(s) required in accordance with ISO 8213. 5.2 Analyses 5.2.1 Main product The mass fraction in % of sodium chloride (NaCI) shall be determined by calculation, on the basis of the results of the determinations of sulfate according to ISO 2480, halogens according to ISO 6227, calcium and magnesium according to ISO 2482 and loss of mass on drying according to ISO 2483. Convert sulfate to calcium sulfate and unused calcium to calcium chloride, unless sulfate in sample exceeds the amount necessary to combine with calcium, in which case convert calcium to calcium sulfate and unused sulfate to first to magnesium sulfate and the remaining sulfate to sodium sulfate. Convert unused magnesium to magnesium chloride. Convert unused halogens to sodium chloride. Report the sodium chloride contents on a dry matter basis, multiplying the mass fraction in % of sodium chloride by 100/(100 - P), where P in the percentage of the loss of mass on drying (see 5.2.2.2). 5.2.2 Impurities 5.2.2.1 Water-insoluble matter The content of water-insoluble matter shall be determined in accordance with ISO 2479. 5.2.2.2 Moisture content The loss of mass at 110 °C shall be determined in accordance with ISO 2483. SIST EN 14805:2009
EN 14805:2008 (E) 11 5.2.2.3 Bromide 5.2.2.3.1 General The present method describes a titrimetric method with sodium thiosulfate for the determination of total bromine and iodine in sodium chloride. The method is applicable to products of bromine and iodine content (expressed conventionally as bromide, Br) equal to or greater than 3 mg bromine per kilogram of salt. Bromine or bromide are equivalent for the expression of the results. 5.2.2.3.2 Principle The sample is dissolved in water. Oxidation of iodide to iodate and bromide to bromate is achieved with hypochlorite in a buffered medium and the excess of oxidant is eliminated with formic acid. Free iodine, equivalent to the amount of the present iodate and bromate, is formed by addition of hydrochloric acid and potassium iodide. The free iodine is titrated with sodium thiosulfate using starch as indicator. 5.2.2.3.3 Reactions I- + 3 ClO- → IO−3 + 3 Cl- (1) Br- + 3 ClO- → BrO−3 + 3 Cl- (2) Titration of the iodate and bromate follows the reactions: IO−3 + 6 I- + 6 H+ → 3 I2 + I- + 3 H2O (3) BrO−3 + 6 I- + 6 H+ → 3 I2 + Br- + 3 H2O (4) NOTE Reactions (1) and (2) require for completion the presence of chloride ions that are added into the buffer solution. 5.2.2.3.4 Reagents Unless otherwise stated, use only reagents of recognized analytical grade and only water conforming to grade 3 in accordance with EN ISO 3696. 5.2.2.3.4.1 Calcium carbonate, precipitated. 5.2.2.3.4.2 Hydrochloric acid, c(HCl) ≈ 4 mol/l. 5.2.2.3.4.3 Formic acid, c(HCOOH) ≈ 3 mol/l. 5.2.2.3.4.4 Potassium iodide, β(KI) ≈ 100 g/l Prepare this solution on the day of use and store it in a dark bottle. 5.2.2.3.4.5 Sodium hypochlorite, β(NaClO) ≈ 19 g/l Prepare this solution by dilution of a concentrated technical sodium hypochlorite solution. Renew the solution each week. NOTE Commercial household solutions, which can contain interfering additives, should not be used. SIST EN 14805:2009
EN 14805:2008 (E) 12 5.2.2.3.4.6 Buffer solution Dissolve 50 g of sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate dihydrate, (NaH2PO4 2 H2O), 50 g of disodium hydrogen orthophosphate dodecahydrate (Na2HPO4 12 H2O), 50 g of tetrasodium pyrophosphate decahydrate
(Na4P2O7 10 H2O) and 150 g of sodium chloride (see note) in 650 ml of water. NOTE As the same quantity of buffer solution is used for the sample and for the blank test solution, it is not necessary to use products completely free of iodine and bromine. 5.2.2.3.4.7 Sodium thiosulfate, standard volumetric solution c(Na2S2O3) = 0,01 mol/l Prepare this solution by dilution of a standard volumetric solution c(Na2S2O3) = 0,1 mol/l and standardize with a potassium iodate solution [c(1/6 KIO3) = 0,01 mol/l]. 5.2.2.3.4.8 Methyl red, 0,5 g/l solution, in 95 % (volume fraction) ethanol. 5.2.2.3.4.9 Starch solution, 2 g/l solution Prepare this solution at the time of use from soluble starch. 5.2.2.3.5 Apparatus Ordinary laboratory apparatus and: 5.2.2.3.5.1 Burette allowing the distribution and measurement of 0,01 ml. 5.2.2.3.6 Procedure 5.2.2.3.6.1 Test portion Weigh, to the nearest 0,1 g, about 40 g of the test sample. NOTE For bromine plus iodine content greater than 200 mg per kilogram of salt, the test portion should be reduced accordingly. 5.2.2.3.6.2 Test solution Transfer the test portion (5.2.2.3.6.1) and 150 ml of water into a 500 ml conical flask. Stir to dissolve. 5.2.2.3.6.3 Blank test solution Transfer 150 ml of water into a 500 ml conical flask. 5.2.2.3.6.4 Determination Proceed with the conical flasks prepared in (5.2.2.3.6.2) and (5.2.2.3.6.3) in the following way. Add 4 drops of methyl red (5.2.2.3.4.8) and hydrochloric acid (5.2.2.3.4.2) until the solution turns red. Neutralize by addition of calcium carbonate (5.2.2.3.4.1) to a permanent slight cloudiness. Add 6,0 ml of buffer solution (5.2.2.3.4.6) and 5,0 ml of sodium hypochlorite solution (5.2.2.3.4.5). Heat to (90 ± 2) °C with agitation to avoid local overheating and keep at this temperature for 20 min. Add 10 ml of formic acid (5.2.2.3.4.3) and swirl. When CO2 ceases to evolve, cool to about 20 °C, add 2,0 ml of potassium iodide solution (5.2.2.3.4.4) and 25 ml of hydrochloric acid (5.2.2.3.4.2). Swirl and allow to stand for 1 min. SIST EN 14805:2009
EN 14805:2008 (E) 13 Titrate with the sodium thiosulfate standard volumetric solution 0,01 mol/l (5.2.2.3.4.7) using a burette (5.2.2.3.5.1). When the solution is nearly discoloured, add 1 ml of starch solution (5.2.2.3.4.9) and continue the titration until the blue colour disappears during at least 30 s. NOTE The presence of oxidizing agents can lead to inaccurate results. The Fe3+ interference can be avoided by complexation with EDTA. An automatic titrator provided with a platinum electrode and a Ag/AgCl reference electrode can be used. In this case, the addition of starch solution (5.2.2.3.4.9) during the determination should be avoided. 5.2.2.3.7 Expression of results 5.2.2.3.7.1 Method of calculation The bromine plus iodine content of the sample, ω(Br), expressed as milligrams of bromine per kilogram of salt, is given by the following equation: )
(
000 1
318,13
01)(VVmc)OS(NaBr322−×××=ω (5) where m is the mass, in grams, of the test portion (5.2.2.3.6.1); V1 is the volume, in millilitres, of sodium thiosulfate (5.2.2.3.4.7) used for the titration of the test solution (5.2.2.3.6.2); V0 is the volume, in millilitres, of sodium thiosulfate (5.2.2.3.4.7) used for the titration of the blank test solution (5.2.2.3.6.3); c(Na2S2O3) is the molar concentration of the sodium thiosulfate standard volumetric solution (5.2.2.3.4.7). 5.2.2.3.7.2 Repeatability and reproducibility Analyses, carried out on three samples by 14 laboratories, have given the following statistical results, each laboratory having furnished results obtained by the same operator performing two analyses per sample: Table 4 — Precision data
Rock salt a Vacuum salt a Sea salt a Number of laboratories 14 13 12 Results, Br mg/kg salt
Mean 141 85 135 Standard deviation for:
— repeatability (sr); 4 1 1 — reproducibility (sR) 14 4 8 a See A.1.
5.2.3 Chemical parameters 5.2.3.1 Cadmium, chromium, nickel, lead, antimony, selenium The contents of chemical parameters, except for arsenic and mercury, shall be determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP/OES) (see B.1). SIST EN 14805:2009
EN 14805:2008 (E) 14 NOTE Alternatively the determination of contents of some chemical parameters can be carried out by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and the analytical methods are given in Annex C and Annex D of EN 973:2002. 5.2.3.2 Mercury The content of mercury shall be determined by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry according to B.2 of EN 973:2002. 5.2.3.3 Arsenic The content of arsenic shall be determined using the silver diethyldithiocarbamate photometric method given in B.2. 6 Labelling - transportation - storage 6.1 Means of delivery Sodium chloride shall be delivered in bulk or in bags. In order that the purity of the product is not affected, the means of delivery shall not have been used previously for any different product or it shall have been specially cleaned and prepared before use. SIST EN 14805:2009
EN 14805:2008 (E) 15 6.2 Risk and safety labelling in accordance with EU directives Sodium chloride is not subject to labelling regulations at the date of publication of this European Standard. NOTE Annex I of the Directive 67/548/EEC [2] on classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances and its amendments and adaptations in the European Union contains a list of substances classified by the EU. Substances that are not mentioned in this Annex I should be classified on the basis of their intrinsic properties according to the criteria in the Directive by the person responsible for the marketing of the substance. 6.3 Transportation regulations and labelling Sodium chloride is not listed under a UN Number4). Sodium chloride is not classified as a dangerous product for road, rail, sea and air transportation. 6.4 Marking The marking shall include the following information: the name "Sodium chloride, salt for electrochlorination for non-membrane equipment", “dry salt" or "undried salt", trade name and type; the net mass; the name and the address of supplier and/or manufacturer;
and the statement "this product conforms to EN 14805". 6.5 Storage 6.5.1 Long term stability Sodium chloride is stable during long term storage, providing it is kept in a dry place. 6.5.2 Storage incompatibilities Sodium chloride shall be stored in covered and dry conditions so as to avoid any risk of contamination. The product shall not be allowed to come into contact with strong acids, e.g. sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid.
4) United Nations Number. SIST EN 14805:2009
EN 14805:2008 (E) 16 Annex A (informative)
General information on sodium chloride for electrochlorination A.1 Origin a) Rock salt: salt produced by mining salt deposits of different geological formations derived from ancient seas; b) sea salt: salt produced by sea water evaporation via the action of sun and wind; c) evaporated salt: salt produced by evaporating water from a salt solution in a special evaporator leading to the recrystallization of the salt. A.2 Chemical composition A.2.1 The efficiency of all electrochlorination equipment can be impaired particularly by iron and manganese. Levels of both of these elements should be less than 10 mg/kg. A.2.2 Other natural components of sodium chloride such as calcium, magnesium, sulfate and organic content might affect equipment efficiency. As these requirements can vary considerably, it is important that both equipment and salt suppliers are consulted when selecting salt for this application. A.2.3 It should also be noted that the quality of water used in preparing salt solutions for this application might also need to be taken into account when selecting the salt to be used. A.2.4 The sodium chlorate (NaClO3) content of the sodium hypochlorite produced should not exceed a mass fraction of 5,4 % of available chlorine in line with the requirements of EN 901 [3]. NOTE 1 Sodium chlorate is a by-product of the electrochlorination process and can be formed during storage (see
EN 901:2007, 6.5.1). NOTE 2 The treated water should not contain more than 700 µg/l chlorate. A.3 Use A.3.1 Function Salt is used to produce active chlorine (Cl2 or NaClO ) for disinfection of water by electrolysis of brine. A.3.2 Form in which the product is used It is used in the form of a saturated solution. Some technologies require high purity brine. This will be achieved by including an ion exchange resin step following the brine production, before entering the electrolysis cell. The most important parameters that should be monitored are Ca, Mg, SO42-, Br-, total Fe and Mn. The equipment supplier should be consulted about the limits. A.3.3 Consumption of salt for electrochlorination The consumption is variable and depends on the applied technique, and is typically in the range of 1,7 kg to 3 kg of NaCl per kilogram of chlorine produced. SIST EN 14805:2009
EN 14805:2008 (E) 17 A.3.4 Means of application The supplier of the electrochlorination equipment should provide documentation. A.3.5 Secondary effects Increase of the chloride content; in some cases formation of halomethanes. A.3.6 Removal of excess product Not applicable. A.4 Rules for safe handling and use No particular precaution is necessary. A.5 Emergency procedures A.5.1 First aid Not applicable. A.5.2 Spillage The product should be collected then the area should be rinsed with plenty of water. A.5.3 Fire Sodium chloride is not combustible. SIST EN 14805:2009
EN 14805:2008 (E) 18 Annex B (normative)
Analytical methods B.1 Determination of antimony, cadmium, chromium, iron, lead, manganese, nickel and selenium (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP/OES)) B.1.1 General The present method specifies an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry method for the determination of eight elements soluble in diluted acid in sodium chloride. The limit of quantification (
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