SIST EN 61000-4-39:2017

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-39: Testing and measurement techniques - Radiated fields in close proximity - Immunity test

This part of IEC 61000 specifies immunity requirements for electrical and electronic
equipment when it is exposed to radiated electromagnetic energy from RF transmitters used
in close proximity. It establishes test levels and the required test procedures. The applicable
frequency range is 9 kHz to 6 GHz. Fixed-installation equipment being exposed to portable
transmitting devices, mobile equipment exposed to fixed transmitting devices and mobile
equipment exposed to other mobile transmitting devices are considered.
The object of this document is to establish a common reference for evaluating the immunity
requirements of electrical and electronic equipment that is exposed to radiated, RF
electromagnetic fields from sources at close distances. It is understood that this part of
IEC 61000 does not replace general immunity requirements of electrical and electronic
equipment to radiated electromagnetic energy as given in IEC 61000-4-3 and other parts of
IEC 61000 and that it is only applicable if an equipment or system is exposed to disturbance
sources in close proximity.
In the context of this document, “close proximity” generally refers to a separation distance
between the source and victim equipment of less than or equal to 200 mm for frequencies
greater than 26 MHz and 500 mm for frequencies lower than 26 MHz.
The test methods documented in this part of IEC 61000 describe consistent methods to
assess the immunity of an equipment or system against a defined phenomenon in the
respective frequency range. Product committees would consider the applicability of the test
and then if necessary select the applicable test method depending on the EUT, frequency
range, disturbance source, etc.
NOTE As described in IEC Guide 107, this is a basic EMC publication for use by product committees of the IEC.
As also stated in Guide 107, the IEC product committees are responsible for determining whether this immunity
test standard should be applied or not, and if applied, they are responsible for determining the appropriate test
levels and performance criteria. TC 77 and its sub-committees are prepared to co-operate with product committees
in the evaluation of the value of particular immunity tests for their products.
This document deals with immunity tests related to RF magnetic and electromagnetic fields
from any source used in close proximity to other electrical or electronic equipment or systems.
This document is an independent test method. Other test methods should not be used as
substitutes for claiming compliance with this document.

Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (EMV) - Teil 4-39: Prüf- und Messverfahren - Gestrahlte Felder im Nahbereich - Prüfung der Störfestigkeit

Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) - Partie 4-39: Techniques d'essai et de mesure - Essais d'immunité aux champs rayonnés à proximité

   L'IEC 61000-4-39:2017 spécifie les exigences d'immunité des équipements électriques et électroniques lorsqu'ils sont exposés à une énergie électromagnétique rayonnée provenant d'émetteurs RF utilisés à proximité. Elle établit les niveaux d'essai et les procédures d'essai exigées. La plage de fréquences applicable est celle des fréquences de 9 kHz à 6 GHz. Elle a le statut d'une publication fondamentale en CEM conformément au IEC Guide 107.

Elektromagnetna združljivost (EMC) - 4-39. del: Preskusne in merilne tehnike - Sevana polja v bližini - Preskus odpornosti

Ta del standarda IEC 61000 določa zahteve glede odpornosti za električno in elektronsko opremo, kadar je izpostavljena sevani elektromagnetni energiji, ki jo povzročajo radiofrekvenčni oddajniki v neposredni bližini. Vzpostavlja preskusne ravni in zahtevane preskusne postopke. Uporablja se frekvenčni razpon od 9 kHz do 6 GHz. Obravnavane so stacionarna oprema, ki je izpostavljena prenosljivim prenosnim napravam, mobilna oprema, ki je izpostavljena stacionarnim prenosnim napravam in mobilna oprema, izpostavljena drugim mobilnim prenosnim napravam.
Namen tega dokumenta je določiti skupno referenco za vrednotenje zahtev glede odpornosti električne in elektronske opreme, ki je izpostavljena sevanim, radiofrekvenčnim elektromagnetnim poljem virov v neposredni bližini. Ta del standarda IEC 61000 ne nadomešča splošnih zahtev glede odpornosti električne in elektronske opreme na sevano elektromagnetno energijo, ki so podane v standardu IEC 61000-4-3 in drugih delih standarda IEC 61000, ter se uporablja samo, če sta oprema ali sistem izpostavljena virom motnje v neposredni bližini.
V kontekstu tega dokumenta se izraz »neposredna bližina« običajno nanaša na razdaljo med povzročiteljem in prizadeto opremo, ki je manjša ali enaka 200 mm pri frekvencah, višjih od 26 MHz, ter je manjša ali enaka 500 mm pri frekvencah, nižjih od 26 MHz.
Preskusne metode, dokumentirane v tem delu standarda IEC 61000, opisujejo skladne metode za oceno odpornosti opreme ali sistema proti opredeljenemu pojavu v zadevnem frekvenčnem območju. Tehnični odbori morajo upoštevati uporabnost preskusa in nato po potrebi izbrati ustrezno preskusno metodo glede na preskušano opremo, frekvenčno območje, vir motnje itd.
OPOMBA: To je osnovna objava o elektromagnetni združljivosti, ki jo uporabljajo tehnični odbori v okviru Mednarodne elektrotehniške komisije (IEC), kot je opisano v vodilu 107 Mednarodne elektrotehniške komisije.
Poleg tega je v vodilu 107 navedeno, da so tehnični odbori v okviru Mednarodne elektrotehniške komisije odgovorni za določitev morebitne uporabe tega standarda s preskusom odpornosti, v primeru uporabe pa so odgovorni za določitev ustreznih preskusnih ravni in meril učinkovitosti. Odbor TC 77 in njegovi pododbori so pripravljeni za sodelovanje s tehničnimi odbori pri vrednotenju posameznih preskusov odpornosti za ustrezne izdelke.
Ta dokument obravnava preskuse odpornosti v povezavi z radiofrekvenčnimi magnetnimi in elektromagnetnimi polji katerega koli vira v neposredni bližini druge električne ali elektronske opreme in sistemov. Ta dokument je neodvisna preskusna metoda. Druge preskusne metode se ne smejo uporabljati kot zamenjave za dokazovanje skladnosti s tem dokumentom.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 17-Aug-2017
• ICS: 33.100.20 - Immunity
• Technical Committee: EMC - Electromagnetic compatibility
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 19-Jul-2017
• Due Date: 23-Sep-2017
• Completion Date: 18-Aug-2017
• Ref Project: EN 61000-4-39:2017 - Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-39: Testing and measurement techniques - Radiated fields in close proximity - Immunity test

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 61000-4-39:2017
01-september-2017
Elektromagnetna združljivost (EMC) - 4-39. del: Preskusne in merilne tehnike -
Sevana polja v bližini - Preskus odpornosti
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-39: Testing and measurement techniques -
Radiated fields in close proximity - Immunity test
Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) - Partie 4-39: Techniques d'essai et de mesure -
Essais d'immunité aux champs rayonnés à proximité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61000-4-39:2017
ICS:
33.100.20 Imunost Immunity
SIST EN 61000-4-39:2017 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN 61000-4-39:2017

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SIST EN 61000-4-39:2017


EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61000-4-39

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2017
ICS 33.100.20

English Version
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-39: Testing and
measurement techniques - Radiated fields in close proximity -
Immunity test
(IEC 61000-4-39:2017)
Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) - Partie 4-39: Elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (EMV) - Teil 4-39: Prüf-
Techniques d'essai et de mesure - Champs rayonnés à und Messverfahren - Gestrahlte Felder im Nahbereich -
proximité - Essai d'immunité Prüfung der Störfestigkeit
(IEC 61000-4-39:2017) (IEC 61000-4-39:2017)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2017-04-13. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.


European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
 Ref. No. EN 61000-4-39:2017 E

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SIST EN 61000-4-39:2017
EN 61000-4-39:2017
European foreword
The text of document 77B/769/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 61000-4-39, prepared by SC 77B “High
frequency phenomena” of IEC/TC 77 “Electromagnetic compatibility" was submitted to the
IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 61000-4-39:2017.

The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2018-01-13
• latest date by which the document has to be
implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national (dow) 2020-04-13
standards conflicting with the
document have to be withdrawn

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61000-4-39:2017 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standard indicated:

IEC 61000-4-3:2006 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61000-4-3:2006.
IEC 61000-4-3:2006/AMD 1:2008 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61000-4-3:2006/A1:2008.
IEC 61000-4-3:2006/AMD 2:2010 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61000-4-3:2006/A2:2010.
IEC 61000-4-20 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61000-4-20.
IEC 61000-4-21 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61000-4-21.
IEC 61000-4-22 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61000-4-22.

2

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SIST EN 61000-4-39:2017
EN 61000-4-39:2017

Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant

EN/HD applies.

NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here:
www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050-161 -  International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - -
(IEV) -- Chapter 161: Electromagnetic
compatibility

3

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SIST EN 61000-4-39:2017

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SIST EN 61000-4-39:2017




IEC 61000-4-39

®


Edition 1.0 2017-03




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME



INTERNATIONALE
colour

inside



BASIC EMC PUBLICATION

PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE EN CEM






Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –

Part 4-39: Testing and measurement techniques – Radiated fields in close

proximity – Immunity test




Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) –

Partie 4-39: Techniques d'essai et de mesure – Champs rayonnés à proximité –


Essai d'immunité













INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE


INTERNATIONALE




ICS 33.100.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-4082-3



Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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SIST EN 61000-4-39:2017
– 2 – IEC 61000-4-39:2017  IEC 2017

CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 11
3.1 Terms and definitions . 11
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 12
4 General . 13
5 Test levels . 14
5.1 General . 14
5.2 Test frequencies . 14
5.3 Test levels in the frequency range of 9 kHz to 150 kHz . 15
5.4 Test levels in the frequency range of 150 kHz to 26 MHz . 16
5.5 Test levels in the frequency range of 26 MHz to 380 MHz . 16
5.6 Test levels in the frequency range of 380 MHz to 6 GHz . 16
6 Test equipment . 18
6.1 Magnetic field immunity . 18
6.1.1 General . 18
6.1.2 Magnetic field immunity 9 kHz to 150 kHz . 18
6.1.3 Magnetic field immunity 150 kHz to 26 MHz . 19
6.2 Radiated RF field immunity . 19
6.2.1 Field generating devices, 26 MHz to 380 MHz . 19
6.2.2 Field generating devices, 380 MHz to 6 GHz . 19
7 Test setup . 20
7.1 Magnetic field immunity . 20
7.1.1 Test facility . 20
7.1.2 Arrangement of equipment under test . 20
7.1.3 Test method using radiating loop . 22
7.2 Radiated RF field immunity . 22
7.2.1 Test facility . 22
7.2.2 Arrangement of equipment under test . 22
8 Test procedure . 23
8.1 General . 23
8.2 Climatic conditions . 23
8.3 Electromagnetic conditions . 24
8.4 Arrangement and operating modes of the EUT . 24
8.5 Magnetic field immunity . 24
8.5.1 Level setting procedure 9 kHz to 150 kHz . 24
8.5.2 Level setting procedure 150 kHz to 26 MHz . 24
8.5.3 Execution of the test . 25
8.6 Radiated RF field immunity . 27
8.6.1 Level setting procedure . 27
8.6.2 Execution of test . 27
9 Evaluation of test results . 30

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SIST EN 61000-4-39:2017
IEC 61000-4-39:2017  IEC 2017 – 3 –
10 Test report . 30
Annex A (normative) TEM horn antenna . 32
A.1 General . 32
A.2 Frequency range . 32
A.3 VSWR . 32
A.4 Field distribution . 32
A.5 General design for TEM horn antenna . 34
Annex B (informative) Test frequencies, levels and modulations . 36
B.1 General . 36
B.2 Magnetic emitters in the range from 9 kHz to 26 MHz . 36
B.3 Radio services in the range from 26 MHz to 6 GHz . 36
Annex C (informative) In situ testing . 39
C.1 General . 39
C.2 Test procedure . 39
C.3 Test report . 39
Bibliography . 40

Figure 1 – Overview showing the test methods that could be used for evaluating
equipment immunity to disturbances from RF transmitters . 13
Figure 2 – Close-proximity test methods addressed in this document . 14
Figure 3 – Definition of the 80 % amplitude-modulated (AM) test level and the
waveshapes occurring at the output of the signal generator . 15
Figure 4 – Example of the pulse-modulated (50 % duty cycle, 217 Hz) test level and
the waveshapes occurring at the output of the signal generator . 17
Figure 5 – Example of equipment testing on floor-standing EUT using radiating loop
antenna – Frequency range 9 kHz to 150 kHz (100 mm x 100 mm window size) . 21
Figure 6 – Example of equipment testing on floor-standing EUT using radiating loop
antenna – Frequency range 150 kHz to 26 MHz (80 mm x 80 mm window size) . 21
Figure 7 – Principle of equipment testing on floor-standing EUT using TEM horn
antenna . 23
Figure 8 – Radiating loop level setting . 25
Figure 9 – Principle of equipment testing with radiating loop . 26
Figure 10 – Example of the test pattern using a 300 mm x 300 mm window size for the
uniform area . 28
Figure 11 – Arrangement of level setting . 29
Figure 12 – Example of TEM horn antenna orientations . 30
Figure A.1 – Example of field uniformity verification setup . 33
Figure A.2 – Field uniformity measurement setup . 34
Figure A.3 – Example of field uniformity at 1,5 GHz (simulated) for TEM horn antenna
having an aperture dimension of 205 mm x 205 mm . 34
Figure A.4 – Example of general design principle of TEM horn antenna . 35

Table 1 – Test levels for inhomogeneous magnetic fields, 9 kHz to 150 kHz . 15
Table 2 – Test levels for inhomogeneous magnetic fields, 150 kHz to 26 MHz . 16
Table 3 – Test levels for RF fields from transmitters used in close proximity, 380 MHz
to 6 GHz . 17

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SIST EN 61000-4-39:2017
– 4 – IEC 61000-4-39:2017  IEC 2017
Table 4 – Definition of window size and test distance . 22
Table 5 – Maximum frequency steps size, magnetic field immunity test . 26
Table B.1 – Guidance on test levels of certain RF wireless communications equipment . 37

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SIST EN 61000-4-39:2017
IEC 61000-4-39:2017  IEC 2017 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) –

Part 4-39: Testing and measurement techniques –
Radiated fields in close proximity –
Immunity test

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61000-4-39 has been prepared by subcommittee 77B: High
frequency phenomena, of IEC technical committee 77: Electromagnetic compatibility.
It forms Part 4-39 of the IEC 61000 series. It has the status of a basic EMC publication in
accordance with IEC Guide 107.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
77B/769/FDIS 77B/772/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.

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SIST EN 61000-4-39:2017
– 6 – IEC 61000-4-39:2017  IEC 2017
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts in the IEC 61000 series, published under the general title Electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC), can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.

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SIST EN 61000-4-39:2017
IEC 61000-4-39:2017  IEC 2017 – 7 –
INTRODUCTION
IEC 61000 is published in separate parts according to the following structure:
Part 1: General
General considerations (introduction, fundamental principles)
Definitions, terminology
Part 2: Environment
Description of the environment
Classification of the environment
Compatibility levels
Part 3: Limits
Emission limits
Immunity limits (in so far as they do not fall under the responsibility of the product
committees)
Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques
Measurement techniques
Testing techniques
Part 5: Installation and mitigation guidelines
Installation guidelines
Mitigation methods and devices
Part 6: Generic standards
Part 9: Miscellaneous
Each part is further subdivided into several parts, published either as international standards
or as technical specifications or technical reports, some of which have already been published
as sections. Others will be published with the part number followed by a dash and a second
number identifying the subdivision (example: IEC 61000-6-1).
Particular considerations for IEC 61000-4-39
This part of IEC 61000 is an international standard which gives immunity requirements and
test procedures related to radiated disturbances caused by radio-frequency fields from
devices used in close proximity.
It is impossible to ignore that the everyday electromagnetic environment has greatly changed.
Not long ago, handheld, frequency-modulated (FM) transceivers for business, public safety,
and amateur radio communications represented the predominant RF applications. Distribution
was limited (for example, by licenses) and in most cases the radiating antennas were outside
buildings to get a high efficiency. The situation changed once technology allowed the
manufacturing of compact wireless phones with low weight and a reasonable price. Wireless
1
services (DECT, mobile phones, UMTS/WiFi/WiMAX/ Bluetooth® , baby monitors, etc.) have
___________
1
 Bluetooth is the trade name of a product supplied by Bluetooth SIG This information is given for the
convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by IEC of this product.
Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.

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SIST EN 61000-4-39:2017
– 8 – IEC 61000-4-39:2017  IEC 2017
come into widespread use and acceptance. Recognizing the fact that equipment for these new
technologies could have the antenna inside the building and even inside the device housing
and be omnipresent in nearly any setting including at work, in the home and in public
transportation creates new situations for exposure of equipment to RF energy.
With the new digital technologies, the traditional modulation methods of AM and FM has given
way to digital modulations with a variety of different amplitude and bandwidth characteristics.
While overall time-averaged transmit power levels might have generally decreased over time
due to improved network density and migration of services, the maximum possible (peak
pulse) power levels in other bands have increased significantly. Moreover, the incorporation
of multiple transmitting antennas (to support for example WiFi and Bluetooth links), evolving
form factors, higher bit rates to facilitate data transfer and Internet access and the use of
wireless headsets have resulted in a more complex and diverse pattern of use and exposure.
Increased portability of transmitting devices has also drastically reduced the separation
distance between sources of radiated RF energy and equipment likely to be disturbed by that
energy.
It should be expected that the wireless technology revolution will continue to evolve with new
applications using increasingly higher microwave frequencies.
Immunity testing according to existing standards, such as IEC 61000-4-3, 61000-4-20, 61000-
4-21 and 61000-4-22, may not be suitable to assess compatibility with the complex electric
and magnetic fields generated by RF emitters located in close proximity (for example, within a
few centimetres) of the surface of electronic equipment. The power levels required for the
higher disturbance intensities associated with such very small separation distances may make
application of some of the existing test standards quite challenging or cost prohibitive.
New technologies use also magnetic fields. The fields are inhomogeneous and vary
appreciably in both magnitude and direction over a region of space. Typically they can be
generated by motors, power transformers, switching power supplies, higher-powered
electronic article surveillance (EAS) gates or transmitters of radio-frequency identification
(RFID) systems, inductive charging systems and near field communication (NFC) devices.
The fields from such sources decrease rapidly as the distance from the source increases.
Because these new technologies use a very large range of the frequency spectrum it is
necessary to use different test methods which consider the physical behavior of magnetic
coupling in the lower frequency range and the more electrical based characteristic in the
higher frequency range. Additionally, the widely diverging physical and electrical
characteristics of equipment types that may be affected by portable transmitters in close
proximity, as well as the applications for which such equipment is used, indicate a need for
multiple test methods.
At present this document covers magnetic field disturbance sources in the frequency range 9
kHz to 26 MHz.In the frequency range 26 MHz to 380 MHz no testing is yet defined. In the
frequency range 380 MHz to 6 GHz testing using a TEM horn antenna is defined. It has been
argued that especially in the frequency range above 380 MHz the specified test methods do
not take into consideration the possible variations in field impedance from real life close
proximity transmitters, which may represent sources having field impedances far below the far
field impedance of 377 Ω (predominantly magnetic field sources) and far above 377 Ω
(predominantly electrical field sources). In the frequency range above 380 MHz the signal
wavelength is such that the reactive nearfield from the source begins at only a few
centimeters from the source (around approximately 0,1 λ). At this distance the field
impedance approximates more and more to the far field impedance of 377 Ω. The TEM horn
antenna represents a field source which is not far from 377 Ω.

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SIST EN 61000-4-39:2017
IEC 61000-4-39:2017  IEC 2017 – 9 –
Activities are ongoing to identify antenna types that can be characterised by field impedance
and radiation pattern over a specified illumination window size, which for the ease of testing
should be as large as possible and should preferably cover a large frequency range. Antenna
types that are not covered by manufacturer’s intellectual property rights, and which can be
unambiguously characterised by for instance near field scanning or numerical model
characterisation, are preferred for the present basic standard.

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