SIST EN 15497:2014
(Main)Structural finger jointed solid timber - Performance requirements and minimum production requirements
Structural finger jointed solid timber - Performance requirements and minimum production requirements
EN 15497 sets out provisions regarding the performance characteristics for structural finger jointed timber with rectangular cross section for use in buildings and bridges. The use of structural finger jointed timber may be limited to certain service classes in some member states. It also lays down minimum production provisions and procedures for Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance for structural finger jointed timber. This European Standard is applicable to structural finger jointed timber made of coniferous timber species listed in this standard or poplar. Although it may be possible to produce structural finger jointed timber made from specific broadleaf species based on some provisions of this European Standard, this standard is not applicable to these products. This European Standard is only applicable to finger joints between timber sections of the same species. This European Standard does not cover impressed (die-formed) finger joints. This European Standard covers structural finger jointed timber untreated or treated against biological attack. Structural finger jointed timber treated with fire retardants is not covered.
Keilzinkenverbindungen im Bauholz - Leistungsanforderungen und Mindestanforderungen an die Herstellung
Diese Norm enthält Leistungs- und Herstellungsanforderungen an Bauholz für tragende Zwecke mit recht-eckigem Querschnitt und geklebten Keilzinkenverbindungen. Diese Norm umfasst ebenfalls Prüf- und/oder Berechnungsverfahren, um die Bewertung der Konformität und die Anforderungen an die Kennzeichnung von Keilzinkenverbindungen im Bauholz für tragende Zwecke durchzuführen.
Diese Norm gilt nur für Keilzinkenverbindungen in Holzbauteilen derselben Holzart oder Holzarten¬kombination.
Diese Norm umfasst Nadelholzarten sowie Laubholzarten, bei denen nachgewiesen wurde, dass sie eine zufrieden stellende Klebung dieser Holzarten ergeben.
Diese Norm umfasst unbehandeltes keilgezinktes Bauholz für tragende Zwecke sowie Bauholz, das nach dem Kleben zum Schutz gegen den biologischen Befall behandelt wurde.
Verbindungen, die mit Pressverformung („die-formed“) hergestellt werden, sind in dieser Norm nicht berücksichtigt.
Einzellamellen in Brettschichtholz und Universal-Keilzinkenverbindungen in Brettschichtholz werden in dieser Norm nicht behandelt.
ANMERKUNG Einzellamellen in Brettschichtholz und Universal-Keilzinkenverbindungen in Brettschichtholz werden jeweils in EN 385 und EN 387 behandelt.
Bois massif de structure à entures multiples - Exigences de performances et exigences minimales de fabrication
La présente Norme Européenne spécifie les exigences concernant les caractéristiques de performance du bois de structure avec aboutages à entures multiples de section rectangulaire destiné à être utilisé dans les bâtiments et les ponts.
Dans certains États Membres, l'utilisation de bois de structure avec aboutages à entures multiples peut être limitée à certaines classes de service.
Elle spécifie également les exigences minimales relatives à la fabrication ainsi que les procédures d'évaluation et de vérification de la constance des performances du bois de structure avec aboutages à entures multiples.
La présente Norme Européenne s'applique au bois de structure avec aboutages à entures multiples fabriqué à partir des essences de bois de résineux énumérées dans la présente Norme ou de peuplier.
Bien qu'il puisse être possible de fabriquer du bois de structure avec aboutages à entures multiples à partir d'essences de bois feuillus spécifiques en se basant sur certaines exigences de la présente Norme Européenne, celle-ci ne s'applique pas à ces produits.
La présente Norme Européenne s'applique uniquement aux aboutages à entures multiples entre des profilés en bois de même essence.
La présente Norme Européenne ne traite pas des aboutages emboutis.
La présente Norme Européenne s'applique au bois de structure avec aboutages à entures multiples non traité ou traité contre les attaques biologiques. Le bois de structure avec aboutages à entures multiples traité par des produits ignifuges n'est pas couvert.
Konstrukcijski zobato spojen masivni les - Zahteve za uporabo in minimalne zahteve za proizvodnjo
Standard EN 15497 podaja določbe v zvezi z zahtevami za uporabo konstrukcijskega zobato spojenega lesa s pravokotnim prečnim prerezom pri gradnji stavb in mostov. Uporaba konstrukcijskega zobato spojenega lesa je v nekaterih državah članicah morda omejena na določene razrede storitev. Standard prav tako podaja minimalne določbe za proizvodnjo in postopke za ocenjevanje in preverjanje nespremenljivosti lastnosti konstrukcijskega zobato spojenega lesa. Ta evropski standard velja za konstrukcijski zobato spojeni les, izdelan iz iglavcev, ki so navedeni v tem standardu, ali topolovine. Čeprav je na podlagi nekaterih določb tega evropskega standarda izdelava konstrukcijskega zobato spojenega lesa iz določenih listavcev mogoča, ta standard ne velja za te izdelke. Ta evropski standard velja samo za zobate spoje med lesenimi elementi iz iste vrste lesa. Ta standard ne zajema tlačno litih zobatih spojev. Ta evropski standard zajema zaščiten in nezaščiten konstrukcijski zobato spojeni les pred biološkimi dejavniki. Konstrukcijski zobato spojeni les, ki je obdelan z zaščitnimi sredstvi proti ognju, ni zajet.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Konstrukcijski zobato spojen masivni les - Zahteve za uporabo in minimalne zahteve za proizvodnjoKeilzinkenverbindungen im Bauholz - Leistungsanforderungen und Mindestanforderungen an die HerstellungBois massif de structure à entures multiples - Exigences de performances et exigences minimales de fabricationStructural finger jointed solid timber - Performance requirements and minimum production requirements79.040Les, hlodovina in žagan lesWood, sawlogs and sawn timberICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15497:2014SIST EN 15497:2014en,fr,de01-julij-2014SIST EN 15497:2014SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 385:20021DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 15497:2014
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15497
April 2014 ICS 79.040 Supersedes EN 385:2001English Version
Structural finger jointed solid timber - Performance requirements and minimum production requirements
Bois massif de structure à entures multiples - Exigences de performances et exigences minimales de fabrication
Keilgezinktes Vollholz für tragende Zwecke - Leistungsanforderungen und Mindestanforderungen an die Herstellung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 February 2014.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15497:2014 ESIST EN 15497:2014
EN 15497:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .4 Introduction .5 1 Scope .6 2 Normative references .6 3 Terms and definitions .7 4 Symbols .9 4.1 Main symbols .9 4.2 Subscripts .9 5 Performance characteristics for structural finger jointed timber . 10 5.1 Mechanical resistance . 10 5.1.1 General . 10 5.1.2 Timber . 10 5.1.3 Bending strength of finger joints . 10 5.1.4 Related material properties . 10 5.2 Bonding strength and durability of bonding strength . 10 5.2.1 General . 10 5.2.2 Species . 11 5.2.3 Adhesives for the production of structural finger jointed timber . 11 5.3 Durability against biological attack . 13 5.3.1 Structural finger jointed timber without preservative treatment . 13 5.3.2 Structural finger jointed timber with preservative treatment . 13 5.4 Resistance to fire . 13 5.5 Reaction to fire . 13 5.6 Formaldehyde emission . 15 5.7 Release/content of other dangerous substances . 15 5.8 Deviation in sizes . 15 6 Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance (AVCP) . 16 6.1 General . 16 6.2 Type testing . 16 6.2.1 General . 16 6.2.2 Test samples, testing and compliance criteria . 17 6.2.3 Test reports . 19 6.2.4 Shared other party results . 19 6.2.5 Cascading determination of the product type results . 20 6.3 Factory production control (FPC) . 21 6.3.1 General . 21 6.3.2 Provisions . 21 6.3.3 Product specific provisions . 26 6.3.4 Initial inspection of factory and of FPC . 26 6.3.5 Continuous surveillance of FPC . 27 6.3.6 Procedure for modifications . 27 7 Marking and labelling . 27 Annex A (normative)
Release of Formaldehyde . 29 A.1 General . 29 A.2 Classification . 29 A.2.1 Provisions . 29 SIST EN 15497:2014
EN 15497:2014 (E) 3 A.2.2 Test procedure . 29 A.2.3 Test report . 30 Annex B (normative)
Additional test methods and provisions for adhesives . 31 B.1 General . 31 B.2 Long-term sustained load test at cyclic climate conditions with specimens loaded perpendicular to the glue line for moisture curing one-component polyurethane and emulsion polymer isocyanate adhesives. 31 B.2.1 General description . 31 B.2.2 Production of the specimens . 31 B.2.3 Test procedure and climate conditions . 32 B.2.4 Provisions . 33 B.2.5 Report . 33 Annex C (normative)
Bending tests with finger joints (including compliance criteria) . 34 C.1 Sampling. 34 C.1.1 General . 34 C.1.2 For type testing . 34 C.1.3 For factory production control . 34 C.2 Testing . 34 C.2.1 General . 34 C.2.2 Additional provisions for type testing . 34 C.2.3 Additional provisions for factory production control . 34 C.3 Compliance criteria . 35 C.3.1 For type testing . 35 C.3.2 For factory production control . 35 C.4 Report . 35 Annex D (normative)
Measurement of moisture content . 37 D.1 General . 37 D.2 Measurement of moisture content of timber during production . 37 D.3 Mean moisture content of structural finger jointed timber . 37 Annex E (normative)
Equipment . 38 Annex F (normative)
Separation tests with finger joints produced with contact-free application of adhesive . 39 Annex G (normative)
Minimum production provisions . 40 G.1 Personnel . 40 G.2 Production and storage facilities . 40 G.2.1 General . 40 G.2.2 Facilities for drying and storage of timber . 40 G.2.3 Facilities for processing and storage of adhesives . 40 G.2.4 Facilities for production and curing . 40 G.3 Equipment . 40 G.4 Finger joints . 41 G.4.1 Wane and edge damages. 41 G.4.2 Finger joint geometry . 42 G.4.3 Knots, local grain deviations and fissures . 42 G.4.4 Moisture content at bonding . 43 G.4.5 Bonding surface and application of the adhesive . 43 G.4.6 Time between cutting and adhesive application . 44 G.4.7 Pressure . 44 G.4.8 Curing . 45 Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of EU Construction Products Regulation . 46 Bibliography . 57
SIST EN 15497:2014
EN 15497:2014 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 15497:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 124 “Timber structures”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document, along with EN 14080:2013, supersedes EN 385:2001. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports basic work requirements of Regulation (EU) No 305/2011. For relationship with the EU Regulations, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 15497:2014
EN 15497:2014 (E) 5 Introduction Figure 1 shows the relation of European Standards for structural timber products prepared by CEN/TC 124.
Key 1 boards 6 glued laminated timber (glulam) 2 is a component for 7 glulam with large finger joints 3 structural finger jointed timber 8 block glued glulam 4 glued laminated products 9 cross laminated timber (X-Lam) 5 glued solid timber 10 cross laminated timber (X-Lam) with large finger joints Figure 1 — Relation of European Standards for structural timber products prepared by CEN/TC 124 SIST EN 15497:2014
EN 15497:2014 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard sets out provisions regarding the performance characteristics for structural finger jointed timber with rectangular cross section for use in buildings and bridges. The use of structural finger jointed timber may be limited to certain service classes in some member states. It also lays down minimum production provisions and procedures for Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance for structural finger jointed timber. This European Standard is applicable to structural finger jointed timber made of coniferous timber species listed in this standard or poplar. Although it may be possible to produce structural finger jointed timber made from specific broadleaf species based on some provisions of this European Standard, this standard is not applicable to these products. This European Standard is only applicable to finger joints between timber sections of the same species. This European Standard does not cover impressed (die-formed) finger joints. This European Standard covers structural finger jointed timber untreated or treated against biological attack. Structural finger jointed timber treated with fire retardants is not covered. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 301:2013, Adhesives, phenolic and aminoplastic, for load-bearing timber structures — Classification and performance requirements EN 302-1, Adhesives for load-bearing timber structures — Test methods — Part 1: Determination of longitudinal tensile shear strength EN 302-2:2013, Adhesives for load-bearing timber structures — Test methods — Part 2: Determination of resistance to delamination EN 302-3:2013, Adhesives for load-bearing timber structures — Test methods — Part 3: Determination of the effect of acid damage to wood fibres by temperature and humidity cycling on the transverse tensile strength EN 302-4, Adhesives for load-bearing timber structures — Test methods — Part 4: Determination of the effects of wood shrinkage on the shear strength EN 302-5:2013, Adhesives for load-bearing timber structures — Test methods — Part 5: Determination of maximum assembly time under referenced conditions EN 336, Structural timber — Sizes, permitted deviations EN 338, Structural timber — Strength classes EN 350-2, Durability of wood and wood-based products — Natural durability of solid wood — Part 2: Guide to natural durability and treatability of selected wood species of importance in Europe EN 408, Timber structures — Structural timber and glued laminated timber — Determination of some physical and mechanical properties SIST EN 15497:2014
EN 15497:2014 (E) 7 EN 717-1, Wood-based panels — Determination of formaldehyde release — Part 1: Formaldehyde emission by the chamber method EN 1995-1-1, Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures — Part 1-1: General — Common rules and rules for buildings EN 13183-1, Moisture content of a piece of sawn timber — Part 1: Determination by oven dry method EN 13183-2, Moisture content of a piece of sawn timber — Part 2: Estimation by electrical resistance method EN 13183-3, Moisture content of a piece of sawn timber — Part 3: Estimation by capacitance method EN 13238, Reaction to fire tests for building products — Conditioning procedures and general rules for selection of substrates EN 13501-1, Fire classification of construction products and building elements — Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests EN 13501-2, Fire classification of construction products and building elements — Part 2: Classification using data from fire resistance tests, excluding ventilation services EN 13823, Reaction to fire tests for building products — Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item EN 14081-1:2005+A1:2011, Timber structures — Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section — Part 1: General requirements EN 14358, Timber structures — Calculation of characteristic 5-percentile values and acceptance criteria for a sample EN 15228:2009, Structural timber — Structural timber preservative treated against biological attack EN 15416-3, Adhesives for load bearing timber structures other than phenolic and aminoplastic — Test methods — Part 3: Creep deformation test at cyclic climate conditions with specimens loaded in bending shear EN 15425:2008, Adhesives — One component polyurethane for load bearing timber structures — Classification and performance requirements 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 bonding strength structural effectiveness of adhesives between timber components when subjected to stresses 3.2 finger angle inclination . of each side of the fingers of a finger joint Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2. 3.3 finger joint interlocking end joint formed by machining a number of similar, tapered, symmetrical fingers in the ends of timber members using a finger joint cutter and then bonded together SIST EN 15497:2014
EN 15497:2014 (E) 8 Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2:
Key 1 slot base lj finger length p pitch . finger angle lt tip gap bcut tip width of the cutter bt tip width Figure 2 — Typical profile of a finger joint 3.4 finger length distance between the finger base and the tip of the finger, measured along the centre line of the finger Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2. 3.5 manufacturer specific strength class set of characteristic strength, stiffness and density properties declared by a manufacturer 3.6 minimum mean density required mean density at reference moisture content Note 1 to entry: Minimum mean density is used for the classification of the reaction to fire. 3.7 pitch distance between centres of adjacent finger tips Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2. 3.8 ratio of resin to hardener proportion of resin and hardener by mass with the resin set at 100 parts 3.9 reduction factor ratio between tip width and pitch Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2. SIST EN 15497:2014
EN 15497:2014 (E) 9 3.10 relative tip gap ratio between tip gap and finger length Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2. 3.11 tip gap distance between finger tip and slot base in a bonded finger joint Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2. 3.12 tip width distance between finger faces, measured at the tip of the finger Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2. 4 Symbols 4.1 Main symbols A area, in mm2; AW area of one wane, in mm2; aW diagonal length of wane, in mm; b width of cross section, in mm; bcut tip width of the cutter, in mm (see Figure 2); bt tip width, in mm (see Figure 2); d diameter, in mm; e relative tip gap; f strength, in N/mm2; h depth of cross section, in mm; k15 statistical factor; kf divisor for flatwise bending; lj finger joint length, in mm; lt tip gap, in mm (see Figure 2); p pitch, in mm (see Figure 2); u moisture content, in %; v reduction factor of a finger joint; . finger angle, in degree (see Figure 2). 4.2 Subscripts dc declared value; j properties of finger joints; k characteristic; m bending; SIST EN 15497:2014
EN 15497:2014 (E) 10 0 parallel to the grain; 05 5 %-fractile. 5 Performance characteristics for structural finger jointed timber 5.1 Mechanical resistance 5.1.1 General This European Standard covers the following mechanical resistance characteristics: modulus of elasticity and bending strength, compressive strength, tensile strength and shear strength. These characteristics may be determined either by testing or by strength grading according to EN 14081-1 and declared either as individual values or as strength class. For the declaration of the bending strength of the structural finger jointed timber, 5.2.1 shall be taken into account. In order to allow the calculation of the mechanical resistance of any structural product made with structural finger jointed timber it is necessary to determine and declare also the cross section of the finger jointed timber. NOTE The above mentioned mechanical resistance characteristics of the structural finger jointed timber, together with the cross section, allow the determination of the mechanical performance of structural elements made with this structural material using the relevant calculation methods applicable in the country of final use. 5.1.2 Timber The timber used in the manufacturing of structural finger jointed timber shall be strength graded according to EN 14081-1. 5.1.3 Bending strength of finger joints The bending strength of the finger joints shall be determined and declared according to Annex C and shall be equal to or greater than the declared characteristic bending strength of the unjointed timber. If it is intended to manufacture preservative treated structural finger jointed timber it shall be verified that the treatment does not affect the strength of the finger joints. 5.1.4 Related material properties If the provisions of 5.1.3 are met the strength, stiffness and density properties of structural finger jointed timber shall be declared as the properties of the unjointed timber, e.g. as a strength class according to EN 338. The designation of strength classes shall be accompanied by the letter M, if machine graded. If the designation of a manufacturer specific strength class is Cxx (where “xx” is the characteristic bending strength) it shall be accompanied by the company name, e.g. C24 AnyCompany. 5.2 Bonding strength and durability of bonding strength 5.2.1 General Durable and reliable finger joints can only be achieved under accurately defined conditions of production. That general provision shall be considered satisfied if the respective minimum production provisions given in Annex G are fulfilled. The bonding strength of the finger joints in the finger jointed timber is determined by the bending strength of the finger joints according to Annex C and is declared as the characteristic bending strength of the timber used in the manufacturing of the finger jointed timber. SIST EN 15497:2014
EN 15497:2014 (E) 11 Durability of bonding strength is declared indirectly by reference to species, adhesive type and adhesive family. 5.2.2 Species Structural finger jointed timber shall consist of only one species throughout. This European Standard covers structural finger jointed timber made from one of the following species: Norway spruce (Picea abies, PCAB), Fir (Abies alba, ABAL), Scots pine redwood (Pinus sylvestris, PNSY), Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii, PSMN), Western Hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla, TSHT), Corsican pine (Pinus nigra Arnold subsp. laricio, PNNL), Austrian pine (Pinus nigra
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 15497:2011
01-november-2011
Konstrukcijski zobati spoj masivnega lesa - Zahteve za uporabo in minimalne
zahteve za proizvodnjo
Structural finger jointed solid timber - Performance requirements and minimum
production requirements
Keilzinkenverbindungen im Bauholz - Leistungsanforderungen und
Mindestanforderungen an die Herstellung
Bois massif de structure à entures multiples - Exigences de performances et exigences
minimales de fabrication
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 15497
ICS:
79.040 Les, hlodovina in žagan les Wood, sawlogs and sawn
timber
oSIST prEN 15497:2011 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 15497:2011
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oSIST prEN 15497:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 15497 rev
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
August 2011
ICS 79.040 Will supersede EN 385:2001
English Version
Structural finger jointed solid timber - Performance requirements
and minimum production requirements
Bois massif de structure à entures multiples - Exigences de Keilzinkenverbindungen im Bauholz -
performances et exigences minimales de fabrication Leistungsanforderungen und Mindestanforderungen an die
Herstellung
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 124.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 15497 rev:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 15497:2011
prEN 15497:2011 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 Symbols and subscripts .8
4.1 Symbols .8
4.2 Subscripts .9
5 Requirements for components and bonding . 10
5.1 Timber . 10
5.1.1 General . 10
5.1.2 Species . 10
5.2 Adhesives . 10
5.3 Finger joints . 10
5.3.1 Finger joint geometry . 10
5.3.2 Wane or edge damage . 11
5.3.3 Knots and fissures. 12
6 Requirements for products . 13
6.1 General . 13
6.2 Mechanical resistance . 13
6.3 Durability against biological attack . 13
6.3.1 Timber without preservative treatment . 13
6.3.2 Timber treated against biological attack . 13
6.4 Reaction to fire . 13
6.5 Fire resistance . 14
6.6 Release of formaldehyde . 14
6.7 Release / content of other dangerous substances . 14
6.8 Dimensional stability . 15
7 Minimum production requirements . 15
7.1 Production conditions . 15
7.2 Moisture content and temperature at bonding . 15
7.3 Adhesive application . 15
7.4 Time between cutting and bonding . 16
7.5 Pressure . 16
7.6 Curing . 17
8 Evaluation of conformity . 17
8.1 General . 17
8.2 Initial Type Testing – Type Testing . 17
8.2.1 General . 17
8.2.2 Test samples, testing and compliance criteria . 18
8.2.3 Test reports . 21
8.3 Factory production control (FPC) . 21
8.3.1 General . 21
8.3.2 Requirements . 21
8.3.3 Product specific requirements . 24
8.3.4 Initial inspection of factory and of FPC . 26
8.3.5 Continuous surveillance of FPC . 26
8.3.6 Procedure for modifications . 27
2
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oSIST prEN 15497:2011
prEN 15497:2011 (E)
9 Marking . 27
Annex A (normative) Release of formaldehyde . 28
A.1 General . 28
A.2 Initial classification and factory production control . 28
A.3 Formaldehyde emission classes . 28
Annex B (normative) Requirements for adhesives . 29
B.1 General . 29
B.2 Phenolic and aminoplastic adhesives . 30
B.2.1 General requirements . 30
B.2.2 Additional requirements for adhesives for separate application of resin and hardener . 30
B.2.3 Reduced testing for minor changes of adhesive systems . 31
B.3 Moisture curing one component polyurethane adhesives . 31
Annex C (normative) Additional test methods for adhesives . 32
C.1 General . 32
C.2 Long-term sustained load test at cyclic climate conditions with specimens loaded
perpendicular to the glue line . 32
C.2.1 General description . 32
C.2.2 Production of the specimens . 32
C.2.3 Test procedure and climate conditions . 33
C.2.4 Requirements . 34
Annex D (normative) Delamination test for finger joints . 35
D.1 Production of the specimen . 35
D.2 Testing . 36
D.3 Results . 36
Annex E (normative) Mechanical resistance testing of finger joints. 37
E.1 Sampling. 37
E.1.1 General . 37
E.1.2 For Initial type testing . 37
E.1.3 For Factory production control . 37
E.2 Testing . 37
E.2.1 Additionally for initial type testing . 37
E.2.2 Additionally for factory production control . 37
E.3 Compliance criteria . 38
E.3.1 For Initial type testing . 38
E.3.2 For factory production control . 38
E.4 Report . 39
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Construction Products Directive . 40
A.1 Scope and relevant characteristics . 40
ZA.2 Procedure for attestation of conformity of structural finger jointed solid timber . 42
ZA.2.1 System of attestation of conformity . 42
ZA.2.2 EC certificate of conformity. 43
ZA.3 CE marking and labelling. 43
ZA.3.3 Complete CE marking . 45
Bibliography . 49
3
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oSIST prEN 15497:2011
prEN 15497:2011 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 15497:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 124 “Timber
structures”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 385:2001.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive.
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
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1 Scope
This European standard specifies performance and production requirements for structural finger jointed solid
timber with rectangular cross-section. This standard covers also test and/or calculation methods to carry out
the evaluation of conformity and requirements for marking of structural finger jointed solid timber.
This standard is only applicable to finger joints between timber members of the same species or species
combination.
The standard covers not only coniferous species but also broad-leaved species where it has been verified that
the type of adhesive used and the assembly conditions for finger-jointing timber are suitable for that type of
species.
This standard covers structural finger jointed solid timber untreated or treated against biological attack after
finger-jointing.
This standard does not cover impressed (die-formed) finger joints.
Individual finger jointed laminations and large finger joints for glued laminated timber are not covered by the
present standard.
NOTE Individual finger jointed laminations and large finger joints for glued laminated timber are respectively covered
by EN 385 and EN 387.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 301:2006, Adhesives, phenolic and aminoplastic for load-bearing timber structures – Classification
and performance requirements
EN 302-1, Adhesives for load-bearing timber structures — Test methods — Part 1: Determination of
bond strength in longitudinal tensile shear strength
EN 302-2, Adhesives for load-bearing timber structures — Test methods — Part 2: Determination of
resistance to delamination
EN 302-3:2004, Adhesives for load-bearing timber structures — Test methods — Part 3: Determination
of the effect of acid damage to wood fibres by temperature and humidity cycling on the transverse tensile
strength
EN 302-4, Adhesives for load-bearing timber structures — Test methods — Part 4: Determination of the
effect of wood shrinkage on the shear strength
EN 302-6, Adhesives for load-bearing timber structures — Test methods — Part 6: Determination of the
conventional pressing time
EN 336, Structural timber –Sizes, permitted deviations
EN 338, Structural timber – Strength classes
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EN 350-2, Durability of wood and wood-based products – Natural durability of solid wood – Part 2: Guide
to natural durability and treatability of selected wood species of importance in Europe
EN 408, Timber structures – Structural timber and glued laminated timber – Determination of some
physical and mechanical properties
EN 717-1, Wood-based panels - Determination of formaldehyde release - Part 1: Formaldehyde
emission by the chamber method
EN 1912, Structural timber – Strength classes – Assignment of visual strength and classes
EN 1995-1-1, Eurocode 5 — Design of timber structures — Part 1-1: General - Common rules and rules
for buildings
EN 1995-1-2, Eurocode 5 - Design of timber structures - Part 1-2: General - Structural fire design
EN 13183-2, Moisture content of a piece of sawn timber — Part 2: Estimation by electrical resistance
method
EN 13183-3, Moisture content of a piece of sawn timber — Part 3: Estimation by capacitance method
EN 13238, Reaction to fire tests for building products - Conditioning procedures and general rules for
selection of substrates
EN 13501-1, Fire classification of construction products and building elements – Part 1: Classification
using test data from reaction to fire tests
EN 13501-2, Fire classification of construction products and building elements – Part 2: Classification
using data from fire resistance tests, excluding ventilation services
EN 13556, Round and sawn timber – Nomenclature of timbers used in Europe
EN 13823, Reaction to fire tests for building products — Building products excluding floorings exposed to
the thermal attack by a single burning item
EN 14081-1, Timber structures – Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section – Part
1: General requirements
EN 14358, Structural timber – Calculation of characteristic 5-percentile values
EN 15228, Structural timber – Structural timber preservative treated against biological attack
EN 15416-5, Adhesives for load bearing timber structures with the exception of phenolic and amino
plastic adhesives — Test methods — Part 5: Determination of conventional pressing time
EN 15425:2008, Adhesives - One component polyurethane for load bearing timber structures –
Classification and performance requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply:
3.1
characteristic strength
population 5-percentile value obtained from the results of tests with a duration of 300 s using test pieces at an
°
equilibrium moisture content resulting from a temperature of 20 C and a relative humidity of 65 %
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3.2
declared strength profile
a set of characteristic strength, stiffness and density properties declared by the manufacturer
3.3
finger angle
inclination α of the fingers of a finger joint (see Figure 1)
3.4
finger joint
self-locating end joint formed by machining a number of similar, tapered, symmetrical fingers in the ends of
timber members, which are then bonded together (see Figure 1)
Key
l finger length
j
p pitch
α finger angle
l tip gap
t
b tip width
t
Figure 1 — Typical profile of a finger joint
3.5
finger length
distance between the finger base and the tip of the finger, measured along the centre line of the finger
3.6
grade
strength grade or strength class
3.7
moisture content
amount of water present in timber, expressed as percentage of oven dry mass
3.8
pitch
distance between fingers, centre to centre
3.9
production batch
joints, all of which have the same profile, manufactured from the same species of timber, the same strength
class, having the same nominal cross section, bonded with the same adhesive and made during a continuous
run on one production line in a shift (e.g. 8 hours)
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3.10
ratio of resin and hardener
proportion of resin and hardener by mass based on a scale with the resin set at 100 parts
3.11
reduction factor
ratio between tip width and pitch (see Figure 1)
3.12
relative tip gap
ratio between the distance between finger tip and the opposite slot base in a bonded finger joint and the finger
length (see Figure 1)
3.13
strength class
classification of timber based on particular values of mechanical properties
3.14
tip gap
distance between finger tip and slot base in a bonded finger joint
3.15
tip width
distance between finger faces, measured at the tip of the finger
3.16
total delamination length
sum of the length of all delaminations measured in all glue lines of a test piece
3.17
wood failure
rupture in or between wood fibres
3.18
wood failure percentage
percentage of the wood failure area in relation to the total sheared area
4 Symbols and subscripts
4.1 Symbols
A area, in square millimetres;
A area of one wane, in square millimetres;
W
a diagonal length of wane, in millimetres;
W
b tip width, in millimetres;
t
d diameter, in millimetres;
Delam maximum delamination;
max
Delam total delamination;
tot
e relative tip gap;
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E modulus of elasticity, in N/mm ;
2
f strength, in N/mm ;
f bending strength, in Newtons per square millimetre;
m
f characteristic bending strength, in Newtons per square millimetre;
m,k
f characteristic bending strength, declared by the manufacturer, in Newtons per square millimetre;
m, k,dc
F ultimate load, in N;
u
2
G shear modulus, in N/mm ;
h largest dimension of cross section, in millimetres;
k factor for flatwise bending
f
l length, in mm;
l finger joint length, in mm;
j
l tip gap, in millimetres;
t
l total delamination length, in mm;
tot,delam
l entire length of glue lines on the two end-grain surfaces of each test piece, in mm;
tot,glue line
p pitch, in millimetres;
µ moisture content, in %;
v reduction factor of a finger joint;
α finger angle, in degree (see Figure 2);
3
ρ density, in kg/m ;
4.2 Subscripts
c compression;
dc declared value;
j properties of finger joints;
k characteristic;
m bending;
mean mean value;
min minimal;
t tension;
05 5 %-percentile;
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5 Requirements for components and bonding
5.1 Timber
5.1.1 General
Structural timber shall fulfil the requirements of EN 14081-1.
5.1.2 Species
Only species or species combinations proven to be suitable for structural finger jointed solid timber shall be
used.
NOTE The following wood species are suitable for finger-jointing:
European whitewood (Picea abies, Abies alba); European redwood (Pinus sylvestris); Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga
menziesii); Corsican Pine, Laricio Pine and Austrian black pine (Pinus nigra); Larch (Larix decidua); Siberian Larch (Larix
sibirica LASI); Maritime Pine (Pinus pinaster); Poplar (Populus robusta, Populus alba); Radiata pine (Pinus radiata); Sitka
spruce (Picea sitchensis); Western Hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla); Western red cedar (Thuja plicata).
5.2 Adhesives
The adhesive shall enable finger joints of such a performance that the integrity of the bond is maintained
throughout the intended lifetime of the structure.
If the timber is treated against biological attack by a preservative, it shall be checked that the strength
properties of the finger jointed timber are maintained.
The adhesive shall meet the requirements of Annex B.
NOTE National regulations and/or Eurocode 5 may limit the use of adhesive type II
5.3 Finger joints
5.3.1 Finger joint geometry
The geometry of the fingers shall permit the joint to be self-interlocking after pressing.
The finger length l , the pitch p, the finger tip b the reduction factor v = b /p and the finger angle α shall fulfil
j t t
Equations (1) and (2), respectively:
l ≥ 4 p (1 – 2 v) (1)
j
α ≤ 7,1° (2)
The reduction factor v shall be v ≤ 0,18 and the finger length l shall be l > 10 mm.
j j
NOTE Recommended geometries are given in Table 1.
Table 1 — Recommended geometries
Finger Pitch p Finger tip b Reduction
t
(mm) (mm) factor v
length l
j
(mm)
15 3,8 0,42 0,11
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20 5,0 0,5 0,10
20 6,2 1,0 0,16
30 6,2 0,6 0,10
5.3.2 Wane or edge damage
There shall be no wane or edge damage affecting more than two corners at the joint within the finger length
and within 75 mm of the root of the fingers. The area, A , of the wane at any corner shall not exceed 1 % of
w
the cross-sectional area (see Figure 2).
NOTE Conformity with this requirement can be verified by measuring the diagonal aw of the wane and demonstrating
that it is less than the maximum diagonal given in Figure 3 as a function of the cross-sectional area A.
Key
a maximum diagonal of wane
w
A area of the wane
w
Figure 2 — Cross section of timber with wane
Key
a maximum diagonal of wane
w
A cross-sectional area of timber
= A /5
Figure 3 — Maximum diagonal of wane
a
W,max
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5.3.3 Knots and fissures
There shall be no knots or pronounced grain disturbance within the joint itself. Fissures are allowed as long as
they are not more than 50 % of the thickness. Outside the joint the distance between a knot and the end of the
cross-cut timber shall be not less than (l + 3d) where d is the diameter of the knot measured perpendicular to
the grain di
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