SIST EN 13036-4:2011
(Main)Road and airfield surface characteristics - Test methods - Part 4: Method for measurement of slip/skid resistance of a surface: The pendulum test
Road and airfield surface characteristics - Test methods - Part 4: Method for measurement of slip/skid resistance of a surface: The pendulum test
This European standard describes a method for determining the slip/skid resistance of a surface using a device which remains stationary at the test location. The slip/skid resistance is measured by means of a pendulum arm. The method provides a measure of the slip/skid resistance properties of a surface either in the field or in the
laboratory. This method measures the slip/skid resistance of a small area of a surface (approximately 0,01 m2). This should be considered when deciding its applicability to a surface which may have non-homogeneous surface characteristics, e.g. containing ridges or grooves, or is rough textured (exceeding 1,2 mm patch test).
NOTE 1 As the results from this test are taken at one small location, the results cannot be compared with results from devices e. g. mobile devices, that measure the slip/skid resistance over a long length of a surface. NOTE 2 The accuracy and precision of the test can be affected by the operative. The test should be carried out by a
trained and competent person who has carried out the validation procedure in Annex A.1.
Oberflächeneigenschaftenprüfverfahren - Teil 4: Methode zur Messung der Griffigkeit von Oberflächen: Der Pendeltest
Diese Europäische Norm beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Griffigkeit einer Oberfläche mit einem stationären Gerät. Die Griffigkeit wird mit einem am Ende eines Pendelarms befestigten Gleitkörper gemessen.
Das Verfahren ermöglicht entweder im Feldversuch oder im Labor die Messung der Griffigkeit einer Oberfläche.
Mit diesem Verfahren wird die Griffigkeit eines kleinen Teils einer Oberfläche (etwa 0,01 m2) bestimmt. Dies sollte berücksichtigt werden, wenn über die Anwendbarkeit des Verfahrens zur Messung einer Oberfläche, die nicht homogene Oberflächeneigenschaften, z. B. mit Graten oder Rillen, oder eine raue Oberflächen-beschaffenheit (über 1,2 mm Strukturtiefe) aufweist, zu entscheiden ist.
ANMERKUNG Da die Ergebnisse aus dieser Prüfung über einen kleinen Bereich erzielt werden, können sie nicht mit den Ergebnissen verglichen werden, die mit Vorrichtungen zur Messung der Griffigkeit über eine größere Oberflächenlänge - z. B. mit mobilen Vorrichtungen - erzielt werden.
Caractéristiques de surface - Methode d’essai - Partie 4 : Methode d’essai pour mesurer l’adherence d’une surface : L’essai au pendule
La présente Norme européenne décrit une méthode permettant de déterminer l’adhérence d’une surface au
moyen d’un dispositif statique à l’emplacement soumis à l’essai. L’adhérence est mesurée par l’intermédiaire
d’un patin monté à l’extrémité du bras d’un pendule.
Cette méthode fournit une mesure des caractéristiques d’adhérence d’une surface sur site ou en laboratoire.
Elle mesure l’adhérence d’une surface réduite de revêtement (environ 0,01 m2) et il convient d’en tenir compte
pour décider de son applicabilité à un revêtement ayant des caractéristiques superficielles non homogènes,
c’est-à-dire présentant par exemple des stries ou des rainures, ou ayant une texture rugueuse
(dépassant 1,2 mm lors d’un essai de profondeur moyenne de texture).
NOTE Du fait que les résultats fournis par cet essai correspondent à une surface limitée, ils ne peuvent pas être
comparés à des résultats ayant été obtenus au moyen d’appareils dynamiques qui mesurent l’adhérence sur une grande
longueur de revêtement.
Značilnosti cestnih in letaliških površin - Preskusne metode - 4. del: Metoda merjenja odpornosti površine proti drsenju/zdrsu - Preskus z nihalom
Ta evropski standard opisuje metodo za določanje odpornosti površine proti drsenju/zdrsu z uporabo stacionarne naprave na preskusni lokaciji. Odpornost proti drsenju/zdrsu je merjena z roko nihala. Metoda določa merilo lastnosti odpornosti površine proti drsenju/zdrsu na terenu ali v laboratoriju.
Ta metoda meri odpornost površine proti drsenju/zdrsu na manjšem območju površine(približno 0,01 m2). To je treba upoštevati, kadar se odločamo za njeno uporabnost na površini, ki ima nehomogene značilnosti, vsebuje na primer grebene ali žlebove ali ima grobo teksturo (ki presega 1,2 mm krpičnega preskusa).
OPOMBA 1: Ker rezultati tega preskusa izhajajo z manjše lokacije, se ne morejo primerjati z rezultati naprav, npr. mobilnih naprav, ki merijo odpornosti površine proti drsenju/zdrsu na daljši dolžini. OPOMBA 2: Na točnost in natančnost preskusa lahko vpliva operativni delavec. Preskus mora izvesti usposobljena in pristojna oseba, ki je izvedla postopek potrditve iz dodatka A.1.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.ORPOberflächeneigenschaftenprüfverfahren - Teil 4: Methode zur Messung der Griffigkeit von Oberflächen: Der PendeltestCaractéristiques de surface - Methode d’essai - Partie 4 : Methode d’essai pour mesurer l’adherence d’une surface : L’essai au penduleRoad and airfield surface characteristics - Test methods - Part 4: Method for measurement of slip/skid resistance of a surface: The pendulum test93.120Construction of airports93.080.10Gradnja cestRoad construction17.040.20Lastnosti površinProperties of surfacesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13036-4:2011SIST EN 13036-4:2011en,fr,de01-december-2011SIST EN 13036-4:2011SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13036-4:20041DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 13036-4:2011
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13036-4
October 2011 ICS 17.040.20; 93.080.10; 93.120 Supersedes EN 13036-4:2003English Version
Road and airfield surface characteristics - Test methods - Part 4: Method for measurement of slip/skid resistance of a surface: The pendulum test
Caractéristiques de surface des routes et aérodromes - Méthode d'essai - Partie 4: Méthode d'essai pour mesurer l'adhérence d'une surface: L'essai au pendule
Oberflächeneigenschaften von Straßen und Flugplätzen - Prüfverfahren - Teil 4: Verfahren zur Messung der Griffigkeit von Oberflächen: Der Pendeltest This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 July 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13036-4:2011: ESIST EN 13036-4:2011
EN 13036-4:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .31 Scope .42 Normative references .43 Terms and definitions .44 Safety .55 Principle .56 Test equipment .57 Calibration . 128 Additional items required for testing . 129 Test measurements . 129.1 Measurements in the field . 129.2 Measurements in the laboratory . 1310 Field sampling . 1311 Test procedure . 1312 Calculations . 1513 Precision . 1614 Test report . 17Annex A (normative)
Validation and Calibration of the pendulum friction tester . 18A.1 Validation of the performance of the Pendulum Tester . 18A.1.1 General . 18A.1.2 Procedure . 18A.1.3 Checking for error. 19A.2 Preparation of a new slider . 19A.2.1 General . 19A.2.2 Preparation of a new slider . 20A.2.3 Re-preparation of a used slider . 20A.3 Calibration of the pendulum friction tester . 20A.3.1 General . 20A.3.2 Pre-calibration verification . 20A.3.3 Checking/setting the centre of gravity of the pendulum arm and slider assembly . 21A.3.4 Distance of centre of gravity to centre of rotation . 22A.3.5 Checking/setting the effective spring tension . 22A.3.6 Checking/setting the slider force/deflection characteristics . 24A.3.7 Checking/setting the levelness of the frame . 27A.3.8 Final calibration . 28A.3.9 Calibration report and marking (external calibration). 28Annex B (informative)
Details of scales . 29Annex C (informative)
Typical test report . 31Bibliography . 32 SIST EN 13036-4:2011
EN 13036-4:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13036-4:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13036-4:2003. This European Standard is one of a series of standards as listed below: EN 13036-1, Road and airfield surface characteristics — Test methods — Part 1: Measurement of pavement surface macrotexture depth using a volumetric patch technique CEN/TS 13036-2, Road and airfield surface characteristics — Test methods — Part 2: Assessment of the skid resistance of a road pavement surface by the use of dynamic measuring systems EN 13036-3, Road and airfield surface characteristics — Test methods — Part 3: Measurement of pavement surface horizontal drainability EN 13036-4, Road and airfield surface characteristics — Test methods — Part 4: Method for measurement of slip/skid resistance of a surface — The pendulum test prEN 13036-5, Road longitudinal evenness — Definition (and calculation methods) of the longitudinal evenness indices EN 13036-6, Road and airfield surface characteristics — Test methods — Part 6: Measurement of transverse and longitudinal profiles in the evenness and megatexture wavelength ranges EN 13036-7, Road and airfield surface characteristics — Test methods — Part 7: Irregularity measurement of pavement courses: the straightedge test EN 13036-8, Road and airfield surface characteristics — Test methods — Part 8: Determination of transverse unevenness indices According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 13036-4:2011
EN 13036-4:2011 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard describes a method for determining the slip/skid resistance of a surface using a device which remains stationary at the test location. The slip/skid resistance is measured by means of a slider mounted at the end of a pendulum arm. The method provides a measure of the slip/skid resistance properties of a surface either in the field or in the laboratory. This method measures the slip/skid resistance of a small area of a surface (approximately 0,01 m2). This should be considered when deciding its applicability to a surface which may have non-homogeneous surface characteristics, e.g. containing ridges or grooves, or is rough textured (exceeding 1,2 mm mean texture depth). NOTE As the results from this test are taken at one small location, the results cannot be compared with results from devices e.g. mobile devices, that measure the slip/skid resistance over a long length of a surface. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1097-8, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates — Part 8: Determination of the polished stone value ISO 48, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRHD and 100 IRHD) ISO 4662, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of rebound resilience ISO 7619-1, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of indentation hardness — Part 1: Durometer method (Shore hardness) ISO 7619-2, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of indentation hardness — Part 2: IRHD pocket meter method 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 slip/skid resistance property of the trafficked surface which limits the relative movement between the contact patch of pedestrian footwear or a vehicle tyre and the surface NOTE 1 Loss of slip/skid resistance leads to loss of control by the pedestrian/driver with consequent increase in the risk of falling/ crashes. NOTE 2 There are numerous factors which contribute to skid resistance, including the tyre pressure, contact area, tread pattern and rubber composition of the tyre or sole; the alignment, texture and frictional characteristics of the surface; the vehicle speed; the weather conditions, i.e. wet/dry and presence of surface contamination. NOTE 3 Slip/ Skid resistance is not a constant but varies with climate and traffic and the effect of these on the characteristics of the surface material itself. SIST EN 13036-4:2011
EN 13036-4:2011 (E) 5 3.2 friction resistance to relative motion between two bodies in contact. The frictional force is the force acting tangentially in the contact area 3.3 Pendulum Test Value (PTV) loss of energy as the standard rubber coated slider assembly slides across the test surface and provides a standardised value of skid resistance 3.4 test procedure to determine the Pendulum Test Value at a single location or for a single sample in the laboratory. In the field a number of tests will be required to determine the slip/skid resistance of an area 4 Safety When carrying out the test in the field, the equipment and operator will form a stationary obstruction. Adequate safety measures shall be in place to maintain a safe working area in accordance with regulations. 5 Principle The Pendulum Tester incorporates a spring-loaded slider made of a standard rubber mounted to the end of a pendulum arm. Upon releasing the pendulum arm from a horizontal position, the loss of energy as the slider assembly passes over the test surface is measured by the reduction in length of the upswing using a calibrated scale. 6 Test equipment 6.1 The pendulum tester shall consist of the essential features given below and as illustrated in Figure 1. SIST EN 13036-4:2011
EN 13036-4:2011 (E) 6
Key 1 pendulum arm 2 mark (in the centre of rotation) 3 release mechanism (knob) 4 frame 5 rear support foot 6 screw for rear support foot 7 spacer of rough adjustment of the sliding length (optional) 8 levelling screw 9 bottom plate (hinged, optional) 10 slider assembly 11 slider support rod 12 vertical screw (for vertical adjustment) 13 slider lifting handle 14 pendulum head 15 clamp for vertical adjustment 16 spirit level 17 gauge (see Figure 2) 18 pendulum foot 19 friction ring (including locking ring) 20 pointer 21 pointer counterbalance 22 unit scale 23 unit scale F 24 unit scale C 25 release catch 26 pointer cam (calibration purpose: pointer adjustment screw) 27 handle 28 lock nut Individual testers might have a slightly different configuration or appearance. Figure 1 — Pendulum Tester SIST EN 13036-4:2011
EN 13036-4:2011 (E) 7 6.1.1 A spring-loaded slider assembly as specified in 6.3 (wide slider assembly) and 6.4 (narrow slider assembly). It shall be mounted on the end of a pendulum arm so that the sliding edge is (514 ± 6) mm from the axis of rotation. 6.1.2 Means for setting the support column of the equipment vertical. NOTE The three leveling screws are normally used, together with the bubble sprit level accurate to within 4’ of arc (0,06º) or 1 in 1 000 however a magnetic 90º engineer’s spirit level with a nominal sensitivity of 62’’ of arc may be used on the vertical central pillar. 6.1.3 A frame of sufficient mass to ensure the equipment remains stable during the test. NOTE A mass of the frame of 3,5 kg has been found suitable. 6.1.4 Means of raising and lowering the axis of suspension of the pendulum arm so that the slider can: swing clear of the surface of the specimen, and be set to traverse a surface over a fixed length of (126 ± 1) mm. A gauge with this distance marked is required as shown in Figure 2. NOTE The sliding length may be measured on the surface using tapered gauge 126. Alternatively, gauge 124 of thickness (8 ± 0,2) mm may be used to set the sliding length, which has appropriate marks, aligning the marks with the aluminium backing as shown in Figure 2. SIST EN 13036-4:2011
EN 13036-4:2011 (E) 8 Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 2a
Figure 2b Key 1 gauge 2 slider a measured sliding length b actual sliding length Figure 2 — Sliding length gauges 6.1.5 Means of holding and releasing the pendulum arm so that it falls freely from a horizontal position. 6.1.6 A pointer of nominal length 300 mm, balanced about the axis of suspension, indicating the position of the pendulum arm throughout its forward swing and moving over the circular scale (unit scale). The mass of the pointer shall be not more than 85 g. 6.1.7 The friction in the pointer mechanism shall be adjustable so that, with the pendulum arm swinging freely from a horizontal position, the outward tip of the pointer may be brought to rest on the forward swing of the arm at a point (10 ± 1) mm below the horizontal. This is the 0 reading. 6.1.8 A circular scale (unit scale C) as described in Table B.1, calibrated for a nominal sliding length of 126 mm on a flat surface marked from 0 to 150 at intervals of five. Tests in this mode of operation give the Pendulum Test Value directly. SIST EN 13036-4:2011
EN 13036-4:2011 (E) 9 6.1.9 A circular scale (unit scale F) as described in Table B.2, calibrated for a nominal sliding length of 76 mm sliding length on a flat surface marked from 0 to 1 at intervals of 0,05 units, may also be present. This is used for a number of laboratory tests as described in the relevant Standards. The Pendulum Test Value may be estimated by calculation. NOTE In EN 10978-8, the narrow slider and the sliding length of (76±1) mm is used. 6.1.10 All bearings and working parts shall be enclosed as far as possible, and all materials used shall be treated to prevent corrosion under wet conditions. 6.2 The mass of the pendulum arm, including the slider assembly, shall be (1,50 ± 0,03) kg. The centre of gravity shall be on the axis of the arm at a distance of (410 ± 5) mm from the axis of rotation. 6.3 The wide slider assembly (see Figure 3) shall consist of a rubber pad (76,2 ±0,5) mm wide, (25,4 ±1,0) mm long (in the direction of swing) and (6,35 ±0,50) mm thick and an aluminium backing. The combined mass of slider assembly shall be (32 ±5) g. 6.4 The narrow slider shall consist of a rubber pad (31,75 ± 0,50) mm wide, (25,4 ± 1,0) mm long (in the direction of swing) and (6,35 ± 0,50) mm thick and an aluminium backing. The combined mass of slider assembly shall be (20 ± 5) g. 6.5 The rubber pad shall be attached to the aluminium backing by vulcanisation or using adhesive which does not affect the rubber properties. The thickness of the rubber slider including the aluminium backing shall be in between 9,5 mm and 10,0 mm. 6.6 The slider assembly shall be provided with a central pivoting axis which shall be mounted on the end of the pendulum arm in such a way that, when the arm is at the lowest point of its swing with the trailing edge of the slider rubber in contact with the test surface, the plane of the slider is angled at (26 ± 3)º to the horizontal. In this configuration the slider can turn about its axis without obstruction to follow unevenness of the surface of the test surface as the pendulum swings. 6.7 The slider assembly shall be spring-loaded against the test surface. The static force on the slider as set by the equipment calibration procedure shall be (22,2 ± 0,5) N when deflected 4,5 mm measured upside down (see A.3.5). The change in the static force on the slider shall be not greater than 0,2 N/mm deflection of the slider (see A.3.6).
Key 1 rubber pad 2 aluminium backing 3 striking edge 4 worn edge width Figure 3 — Slider assembly (3D and profile), also illustrating the worn width of the striking edge 6.8 Two different types of slider rubber can be used regarding to the kind of testing. The sliders are named according to the hardness of rubber, slider 57 and slider 96. The initial resilience of the rubber pad shall be measured in accordance with ISO 4662 [using the Lüpke Rebound Hammer]; the hardness of the rubber SIST EN 13036-4:2011
EN 13036-4:2011 (E) 10 pad(compound) shall be measured by the International Hardness Rubber Degrees (IRHD) in accordance with ISO 48 and ISO 7619-2 and the hardness of the rubber on the aluminium backing (complete pad) shall be measured by the Durometer-method (Shore A Hardness) in accordance with ISO 7619-1. The tests on the rubber pad shall be carried out on specimens made up of the same batch of rubber as the relevant pad. The results shall comply with Table 1 for slider 57 and Table 2 for slider 96. The manufacturer shall declare the measured resilience of the rubber pad, the measured IRHD values and the values of the Shore A hardness on the pad. 6.9 The hardness of the slider shall be checked after receiving from the manufacturer and at least once a year using a Shore A durometer according to ISO 7619-1. The shore A hardness of a new slider shall not differ more than 3 units from the value of shore A hardness of the slider declared by the manufacturer. A slider shall be discarded when the value of the shore A hardness differs by more than two units from the value of shore A hardness measured on the new slider after receiving from the manufacturer. NOTE 1 Slider 57 is normally used for surfaces subject to vehicular traffic. For surfaces subject to shoe or foot usage, as detailed in the relevant standards, slider 96 may be required; this is a harder rubber. SIST EN 13036-4:2011
EN 13036-4:2011 (E) 11 Table 1 — Properties of the slider 57 Property Temperature °C 0 10 23 30 40 Resilience, % 43 to 49 58 to 65 66 to 73 71 to 77 74 to 79 Hardness, IRHD 55 to 61
Table 2 — Properties of the slider 96 Property Temperature °C 5 23 40 Resilience, % 19 to 23 21 to 26 26 to 30 Hardness, IRHD 94 to 98
NOTE 2 Sliders 57 are supplied by Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany, T: +49 30 8104 2358, F: +49 30 8104 2147, E: webshop@bam.de, I: www.webshop.bam.de and by Smithers Rapra Technology LTD, Shawbury, Shrewsbury, Shropshire SY4 4NR United Kingdom: T; +44 (0) 1939 250383, F: +44 (0) 1939 251118, E: info@rapra.net, I: www.rapra.net. This information is given for the convenience of users of this European Standard and does not constitute an endorsement by CEN of the product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results.
NOTE 3 Sliders 96 are supplied by Smithers Rapra Technology LTD, Shawbury, Shrewsbury, Shropshire SY4 4NR United Kingdom: T; +44 (0) 1939 250383, F: +44 (0) 1939 251118, E: info@rapra.net, I: www.rapra.net.This information is given for the convenience of users of this European Standard and does not constitute an endorsement by CEN of the product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be shown to lead to the same results. 6.10 The slider shall have a certificate of conformity including the name of the manufacturer, date of manufacture and the measured results of resilience and hardness (IRHD and Shore A). 6.11 The edges of the slider rubber shall be square and clean-cut. The rubber shall be free from contamination by, for example, dust, abrasive or oil. 6.12 Before using a new slider rubber it shall be conditioned to achieve a minimum width of sliding edge as shown in Figure 3. After the conditioning procedure this is typically greater than 1 mm. 6.13 This can be achieved by setting up the tester and carrying out sufficient swings wet or dry as described in A.2. 6.14 When the width of the working edge of the rubber pad exceeds 2,5 mm for slider 57 and 3 mm for slider 96, or when it becomes excessively scored or burred, this edge shall no longer be used. The edge shall be suitably disfigured to prevent its further use, and the other long edge of the rubber pad shall be adopted as the working edge. When the width of this edge also exceeds 2,5 mm or 3 mm respectively or when it becomes excessively scored or burred, the rubber pad shall be discarded. 6.15 The slider assembly shall be stored in a dry watertight bag in the dark at a temperature of (10 ± 5) °C. The slider assembly shall be at ambient temperature when used. SIST EN 13036-4:2011
EN 13036-4:2011 (E) 12 7 Calibration 7.1 The apparatus shall be calibrated after manufacture and recalibrated at least annually and when verification demonstrates non-conformity. This shall be done by an approved calibration body or part of the organisations certificated quality assurance system. 7.2 Calibration procedure is described in Annex A.3. 7.3 The calibration procedure shall include at least 3 reference surfaces covering the working range of the tester. 7.4 In addition the validation procedure described in Annex A shall be carried out prior to and following use for testing. NOTE In this context use for testing is defined as consecutive measurements during one test series during a day. 8 Additional items required for testing 8.1 Sufficient clean water in a container for wetting the surface and slider for all the testing required. A separate dispenser may also be required. 8.2 Radiation thermometer (pyrometer), or electronic thermometer with a surface probe, with an accuracy of ± 0,5 °C. 8.3 Spirit level at least 1 m long and steel tape accurate to 1 mm or other device for measuring gradient. 8.4 A stiff non-metallic hand brush for cleaning the surface (if required). 8.5 A portable anemometer accurate to 2 m/s for field use (optional). 9 Test measurements 9.1 Measurements in the field 9.1.1 The test surface shall be brushed free of loose particles and flushed clean with water, unless the test is to include for the contamination of the surface. 9.1.2 Place the Pendulum Tester upon a firm surface with the pendulum swinging in the direction of traffic The surface shall not have gradient in excess of 10 %. Where this is not possible, the test may be carried out at any angle to the direction of traffic to enable the gradient criterion to be satisfied On surfaces bearing a regular pattern such as ridged or brushed concrete, grooved asphalt or paving blocks, tests should be made with the slider operating at an angle of approximately 80° to the ridges, grooves or joints in pavers. 9.1.3 Measure and note the temperature of the test surface and the slider to the nearest whole number. The test cannot be carried out if the temperature of the wet surface and/or slider temperature are outside the range 5 °C to 40 °C. 9.1.4 Measure and note the temperature of the water used for wetting the surface to the nearest whole number. The test cannot be carried out if the water temperature differs more than 15 °C from air temperature. 9.1.5 Wherever possible the readings shall be taken on the C scale using the wide slider. This determines the PTV directly. On non-homogeneous surfaces where a plane test surface can only be achieved of sufficient size to use the narrow slider, this may be used reading on the F scale. An estimation of the PTV can be obtained by calculation. (See also 12.5 NOTE 1). SIST EN 13036-4:2011
EN 13036-4:2011 (E) 13 9.2 Measurements in the laboratory 9.2.1 Flat laboratory test specimens shall have minimum dimensions of not less than 100 mm × 150 mm. Where the specimens are initially smaller then this specimens may be cut and glued together on a backing panel to provide a plane surface of sufficient size to test. Curved specimens for the Polished Stone Value test shall have a test surface as described in EN 1097-8. 9.2.2 The appropriate slider assembly with either a slider 57 or slider 96 shall be selected as required. 9.2.3 Specimens cut from a surface shall use a method of cutting or coring to ensure the surface to be tested remains undamaged. 9.2.4 Specimens manufactured in the laboratory shall have the texture and material type on the surface specified in the relevant European Standard or as specifically detailed. NOTE Specimens may be tested as taken from the site, as prepared in the laboratory (unpolished) or after a polishing regime. 9.2.5 Laboratory specimens shall be clean and free from contamination or loose particles and held rigidly so as not to be moved by the passage of the slider. 9.2.6 The water for wetting the surface, the pendulum tester, and the slider shall be kept in a room where the temperature is controlled at (20 ± 2) °C for at least two hours before the test begins and for the duration of the test. 9.2.7 Laboratory tests shall be carried out with the specimens held for a minimum of 30 min at (20 ± 2) °C before testing and for the duration of the test. 10 Field sampling 10.1 The slip/skid resistance of some materials varies considerably across/along the area of the surface. Tests shall be taken in the most heavily used area
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