CEN/TC 262/WG 1 - Test methods

This document specifies methods for the determination of
—    the presence of colourless chromate conversion coatings,
—    the presence of hexavalent chromium in colourless and coloured coatings on zinc or cadmium or aluminium-zinc (mass fraction of aluminium: 55 %, within a range of 54 % to 56 % mass fraction) and zinc-aluminium (mass fraction of aluminium: 5 %) alloys,
—    the total chromium content per unit area on zinc and cadmium,
—    the mass per unit area of both colourless and coloured coatings,
—    the satisfactory adhesion of chromate conversion coatings, and
—    the quality of chromate coatings.
These methods are applicable to
—    colourless and coloured chromate conversion coatings containing trivalent and hexavalent chromium in varying proportions and produced by either chemical or electrochemical processes, and
—    chromate coatings that are free from any supplementary coatings, such as oil, water or solvent-based polymers or wax.

ISO 2360:2017 specifies a method for non-destructive measurements of the thickness of non-conductive coatings on non-magnetic electrically conductive base metals, using amplitude-sensitive eddy-current instruments.
In ISO 2360:2017, the term "coating" is used for materials such as, for example, paints and varnishes, electroplated coatings, enamel coatings, plastic coatings, claddings and powder coatings. This method is particularly applicable to measurements of the thickness of most oxide coatings produced by anodizing, but is not applicable to all conversion coatings, some of which are too thin to be measured by this method (see Clause 6).
This method can also be used to measure non-magnetic metallic coatings on non-conductive base materials. However, the phase-sensitive eddy-current method specified in ISO 21968 is particularly usable to this application and can provide thickness results with a higher accuracy (see Annex A).
This method is not applicable to measure non-magnetic metallic coatings on conductive base metals. The phase-sensitive eddy-current method specified in ISO 21968 is particularly useful for this application. However, in the special case of very thin coatings with a very small conductivity, the amplitude-sensitive eddy-current method can also be used for this application (see Annex A).
Although the method can be used for measurements of the thickness of coatings on magnetic base metals, its use for this application is not recommended. In such cases, the magnetic method specified in ISO 2178 can be used. Only in case of very thick coatings above approximately 1 mm, the amplitude-sensitive eddy-current method can also be used for this application (see Annex A).

ISO 2177:2002 describes a coulometric method by anodic dissolution for measuring the thickness of metallic coatings. It is only applicable to conductive coatings.
Typical combinations of coatings and substrates that can be tested by this method are given. Other combinations may be tested with electrolytes in current use, or new electrolytes may be developed for them but, in both cases, it is necessary to verify the suitability of the complete system.
ISO 2177:2002 is also applicable to multi-layer systems, e.g Cu-Ni-Cr. It may be used to measure the thickness of coatings applied by various means, if due account is taken of special features such as the presence of an alloy layer. In some cases, the presence and thickness of diffusion layers can also be measured. It can also be used to measure the thickness of coatings on cylindrical specimens and wires.

ISO 16348:2003 specifies appearance and its associated terms and outlines the principles involved in validating appearance when it is specified as a requirement of metallic and other inorganic coatings.

ISO 4516 describes the application of the Vickers and Knoop micro-indentation tests for determining the microhardness of metallic and other inorganic coatings. This method is applicable where indenter forces generally need to be below 10 N, e.g., for electrodeposited coatings, autocatalytic coatings, sprayed coatings and anodic coatings on aluminium. It is applicable to measurements normal to the coated surface and to measurements on cross-sections.

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): N 201: New TD (980917)

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): Under revision in ISO - PQ postponed. ++ this document must be processed in // with ISO 3497:1986 rev 5.1 . Resolution of ++ TC to be receivedwithin the month(glg-97-03-21) ++ N 201: New TD (980917)

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): N 201: New TD (980917)

IEC 61010-2-061:2015 applies to electrically powered laboratory atomic spectrometers with thermal atomization. It has the status of a group safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2003. It constitutes a technical revision and includes the following change from the second edition:
- exclusion of equipment, whose size and weight make unintentional movement unlikely, from the drop test in Clause 8.
- notes have been re-phrased according to ISO/IEC Directives.

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): N 201: New TD (980917) ++ draft BP: THis item is the revision of EN ISO 2064:1994 (TA/981223)

Specifies a method of revealing discontinuities and porosity in metallic coatings, where they penetrate the coating layer down to a substrate. Especially useful for coatings consisting of single or combined layers.

ISO 3882:2003 reviews methods for measuring the thickness of metallic and other inorganic coatings on both metallic and non-metallic substrates. It is limited to tests already specified, or to be specified, in International Standards, and excludes certain tests that are used for special applications.

This standard describes a method for nondestructive measurements of the thickness of conductive coatings on nonconductive base materials. This method is based on the principle of the sheet resistivity measurement and is applicable to any conductive coatings and layers of metal and semiconductor materials. In general, the probe has to be adjusted to the conductivity and the thickness of the respective application. However, this standard is focussing on metallic coatings on nonconductive base materials (e.g. Copper on plastic substrates, printed circuit boards).
NOTE 1   This method also applies to the measurement of through-hole copper thickness of printed circuit boards. However, for this application a probe geometry different from the one described in this standard is necessary.
NOTE 2   This method is also applicable for thickness measurements of conductive coatings on conductive base materials, if the resistivity of the coating and the base material is different. This case is not considered in this standard.

ISO 3513:2010 specifies methods for the determination of the presence of colourless chromate conversion coatings, presence of hexavalent chromium in colourless and coloured coatings on zinc or cadmium or aluminium-zinc (mass fraction of aluminium: 55 %, within a range of 54 % to 56 % mass fraction); and zinc-aluminium (mass fraction of aluminium: 5 %) alloys, total chromium content per unit area on zinc and cadmium, mass per unit area of both colourless and coloured coatings, satisfactory adhesion of chromate conversion coatings, and quality of chromate coatings.

ISO 21968:2005 describes a method of using phase-sensitive eddy-current instruments for non-destructive measurements of the thickness of non-magnetic metallic coatings on metallic and non-metallic basis materials such as zinc, cadmium, copper, tin or chromium on steel, as well as copper or silver on composite materials.
The phase-sensitive method can be applied without thickness errors to smaller surface areas and to stronger surface curvatures than the amplitude-sensitive eddy-current method described in ISO 2360, and is less affected by the magnetic properties of the basis material. However, the phase-sensitive method is more affected by the electrical properties of the coating materials.

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): N 201: New TD (980917)

This European Standard specifies a quantitative method for the measurement of adhesion of metallic and related inorganic coatings applied to metallic surfaces.  Typical coatings for which this European Standard applies are copper, nickel, nickel plus chromium, silver, tin, tin-nickel alloys, zinc, gold.  This European Standard does not apply to certain hot dip and spray coatings.

ISO 2360:2003 describes a method for non-destructive measurements of the thickness of non-conductive coatings on non-magnetic, electrically conductive (generally metallic) basis materials, using amplitude-sensitive eddy current instruments.
The method described can also be used to measure non-magnetic metallic coatings on non-conductive basis materials and is particularly applicable to measurements of the thickness of most oxide coatings produced by anodizing, but is not applicable to all conversion coatings, some of which are too thin to be measured by this method.
Although theoretically, the method can be used for measurements of the thickness of coatings on magnetic basis materials, its use for this application is not recommended.

ISO 7539-6:2002 covers procedures for designing, preparing and using pre-cracked specimens for investigating susceptibility to stress corrosion. It gives recommendations for the design, preparation and use of pre-cracked specimens for investigating susceptibility to stress corrosion.
The term "metal" as used in this part of ISO 7539 includes alloys.
Because of the need to confine plasticity at the crack tip, pre-cracked specimens are not suitable for the evaluation of thin products such as sheet or wire and are generally used for thicker products including plate bar and forgings. They can also be used for parts joined by welding.

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): N 201: New TD (980917)

Migrated from Progress Sheet (TC Comment) (2000-07-10): Crash 1996: //voting not been started yet by the ISO committee ++ N 201: New TD (980917)

This European Standard defines porosity and its associated terms and outlines the principles involved in porosity testing of metallic and related inorganic coatings. It also considers the purpose of porosity testing, thereby assisting the user to select the most suitable test for the product and its service application.
The porosity test cannot be used to establish corrosion performance standards.