ISO/TC 110 - Industrial trucks

The ISO 22915 series deals with the safety of industrial trucks, as defined in ISO 5053-1, relative to their stability and the verification of that stability. This document specifies basic test criteria and requirements for verifying the stability of industrial trucks, hereafter referred to as "trucks". It is applicable to the following truck types and special conditions: a) counterbalanced trucks with mast as specified in ISO 22915-2; b) reach and straddle trucks as specified in ISO 22915-3; c) pallet stackers, double stackers, and order-picking trucks with operator position elevating up to and including 1 200 mm lift height as specified in ISO 22915-4; d) single-side-loading trucks as specified in ISO 22915-5; e) bidirectional and multidirectional trucks as specified in ISO 22915-7; f) additional stability test for trucks operating in special conditions of stacking with the mast tilted forward as specified in ISO 22915-8; g) counterbalanced trucks with mast handling freight containers of 6 m (20 ft) length and longer as specified in ISO 22915-9; h) additional stability test for trucks operating in special conditions with the load substantially laterally displaced by powered devices as specified in ISO 22915-10; i) industrial variable-reach trucks as specified in ISO 22915-11; j) industrial variable-reach trucks handling freight containers of 6 m (20 ft) length and longer as specified in ISO 22915-12; k) rough-terrain trucks with mast as specified in ISO 22915-13; l) rough-terrain variable-reach trucks as specified in ISO 22915-14; m) counterbalanced trucks with articulated steering as specified in ISO 22915-15; n) pedestrian-propelled trucks as specified in ISO 22915-16; o) towing tractors, burden and personnel carriers as specified in ISO 22915-17; p) additional stability test for trucks operating in the special condition of offset load, offset determined by utilization as specified in ISO 22915-20; q) order-picking trucks with operator position elevating above 1 200 mm as specified in ISO 22915-21; r) lateral- and front-stacking trucks with and without elevating operator position as specified in ISO 22915-22; s) slewing variable-reach rough-terrain trucks as specified in ISO 22915-24. It is also applicable to trucks operating under the same conditions when equipped with load-handling attachments and low-lift trucks with lift height up to and including 500 mm. This document does not apply to the following: — trucks handling suspended loads which can swing freely.

This document specifies tests for verifying the stability of pedestrian-propelled trucks. It is applicable to: — stacker, pallet and pallet stacker trucks with capacities not exceeding 1 000 kg, with manual or battery-powered lift; — scissor-lift pallet trucks with lift heights up to 1 000 mm and rated capacity up to 1 500 kg, with manual or battery-powered lift; — platform trucks. It also applies to trucks operating under the same conditions when equipped with load-handling attachments. It is not applicable to trucks with retractable devices such as a retractable mast or retractable fork carrier.

This document specifies safety requirements and the means for their verification for driverless industrial trucks (hereafter referred to as trucks) and their systems. Examples of driverless industrial trucks (trucks as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2020) include: “automated guided vehicle”, “autonomous mobile robot”, “bots”, “automated guided cart”, “tunnel tugger”, “under cart”, etc. This document is also applicable to driverless industrial trucks which are provided with: — automatic modes which either require operators’ action(s) to initiate or enable such automatic operations; — the capability to transport one or more riders (which are neither considered as drivers nor as operators); — additional manual modes which allow operators to operate the truck manually; or — a maintenance mode which allows manual operation of truck functions for maintenance reasons. This document is not applicable to trucks solely guided by mechanical means (rails, guides, etc.) or to remotely-controlled trucks, which are not considered to be driverless trucks. For the purposes of this document, a driverless industrial truck is a powered truck, which is designed to operate automatically. A driverless truck system comprises the control system, which can be part of the truck and/or separate from it, guidance means and power system. Requirements for power sources are not covered in this document. The condition of the operating zone has a significant effect on the safe operation of the driverless industrial truck. The preparations of the operating zone to eliminate the associated hazards are specified in Annex A. This document is applicable to all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events during all phases of the life of the truck (ISO 12100:2010, 5.4), as listed in Annex B, relevant to the applicable machines when it is used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. In particular, this document does not apply to significant hazards related to: — noise; — vibrations; — ionising and non-ionising radiation; — laser radiation; — sales literature (commercial documents); — declaration of vibrations transmitted by mobile machinery. It does not apply to additional hazards that can occur: — during operation in severe conditions (e.g. extreme climates, freezer applications, strong magnetic fields); — during operation in nuclear environments; — from trucks intended to operate in public zones (see in particular ISO 13482:2014); — during operation on a public road; — during operation in potentially explosive environments; — during operation in military applications; — during operation with specific hygienic requirements; — during operation in ionizing radiation environments; — during the transportation of (a) person(s) other than (the) intended rider(s); — when handling loads the nature of which can lead to dangerous situations (e.g. molten metals, acids/bases, radiating materials); — for rider positions with elevation function higher than 1 200 mm from the floor/ground to the platform floor. This document does not contain safety requirements for trailer(s) being towed behind a truck. This document does not contain safety requirements for elevated operator trucks. This document does not apply to trucks manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document specifies requirements for the application, inspection, training, maintenance, repair and safe operation (hereafter referred to collectively as the 'safe use') of industrial and rough-terrain lorry-mounted trucks (hereafter referred to as 'trucks') which have design features that allow them to be mounted for transport on a carrier vehicle. This document is intended to achieve the following: — the prevention of personal injuries, property damage and accidents; — the establishment of criteria for inspection, maintenance and operation; — the establishment of operator training requirements. NOTE National or local requirements can apply.

This document specifies the requirements and testing of overhead guards, operator’s leg(s)/feet protection for industrial trucks and overturning testing of industrial variable-reach trucks with operator position not protected by the boom (hereafter referred to as "trucks") requiring an overhead guard according to ISO 3691‑1 and ISO 3691‑2. This document is not applicable to rough-terrain variable-reach trucks and slewing rough-terrain variable-reach trucks.

This document specifies an additional test for verifying the stability of a laden truck whose utilization creates the special operating condition whereby the load centre of gravity is substantially offset from the truck's longitudinal centre plane or from the centred position by design. A load is considered to be substantially offset if displaced by more than: — 100 mm, for a truck with a rated capacity — 150 mm, for a truck with a rated capacity ≥ 5 000 kg and ≤ 10 000 kg; — 250 mm, for a truck with a rated capacity > 10 000 kg and — 350 mm, for a truck with a rated capacity ≥ 20 000 kg. This document is applicable to the following types of trucks as defined in ISO 5053-1: a) counterbalance trucks; b) reach and straddle trucks; c) pallet stackers; d) bidirectional and multidirectional trucks; e) industrial variable-reach trucks; f) rough-terrain trucks with mast; g) rough-terrain variable reach trucks; h) counterbalance trucks with articulated steering; i) variable-reach container handler; j) counterbalanced container handler; k) order-picking truck; l) slewing rough-terrain variable-reach truck.

This document specifies an additional test for verifying the stability of a laden truck fitted with a powered load-handling device, such as a sideshift, which can displace the centre of gravity laterally to a substantial, predetermined extent from the longitudinal centre plane of the truck or from the centred position. Such devices are used in this mode for depositing and retrieving a load. A displacement is considered to be a substantial displacement if it is more than: — 100 mm, for a truck with a rated capacity — 150 mm, for a truck with a rated capacity ≥ 5 000 kg and ≤ 10 000 kg; — 250 mm, for a truck with a rated capacity > 10 000 kg and — 350 mm, for a truck with a rated capacity ≥ 20 000 kg; This document is applicable to the following types of trucks as defined in ISO 5053-1: a) counterbalance trucks; b) reach and straddle trucks; c) pallet stackers; d) bidirectional and multidirectional trucks; e) industrial variable-reach trucks; f) rough-terrain trucks with mast; g) rough-terrain variable reach trucks; h) counterbalance trucks with articulated steering; i) variable-reach container handler; j) counterbalanced container handler.

This document gives safety requirements and the means for their verification for self-propelled industrial variable-reach trucks and variable-reach container handlers/reach stackers as defined in ISO 5053‑1 (hereafter referred to as trucks), equipped with forks or integral load-handling devices for normal industrial duties (e.g. fork arms or means, such as spreaders, for handling containers). This document does not apply to: — rough-terrain variable-reach trucks, — rough-terrain variable-reach trucks for handling containers, — lorry mounted trucks covered by ISO 20297-1, — machines designed primarily for earth-moving (e.g. loaders and dozers), even when their buckets and blades are replaced with forks, — machines from which the load can swing freely in all directions. This document is not applicable to trucks manufactured before the date of its publication. For the purposes of this document, fork arms and integrated attachments are considered to be a part of the truck, whereas attachments/equipment/tools mounted on the load carrier or on the fork arms which are removable by the user are not. Nevertheless, for interchangeable equipment, which is assembled with the truck by the operator in order to change the function of, or attribute a new function to, the truck, this document does provide requirements for: — the interface with the truck, — protection of the operator in the normal operating position from crushing and shearing hazards, — operating and maintenance instructions, — load charts, — marking, — provision for transportation, and, — indicator lights for attachments for lifting containers Any regional requirements additional to the provisions of this document are addressed in EN 16307-2:2023 and ISO/TS 3691‑8. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events, as listed in Annex B, with the exception of the following, relevant to the applicable machines when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It does not establish requirements for hazards that can occur: — during construction; — when using trucks on public roads; — when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres; — when lifting persons; or — during dismantling, disabling and scrapping. This document does not provide requirements for: — tools, lifting accessories or removeable attachments, which do not change the function or attribute a new function, mounted on the load carrier or fork arms; — attachments/equipment mounted on the load carrier or on the fork arms which are removable by the user and which change the function or attribute a new function, except as stated above; — the reliability of control systems and performance requirements for safety related parts of control systems; or — the requirement for fitting an enclosed cab, whether pressurized or not.

This document specifies requirements for installation and performance of lighting, signalling and marking lights, and reflex reflectors. It is applicable to ride-on self-propelled wheeled or crawler earth-moving machines as defined in ISO 6165, and rough-terrain variable-reach trucks as defined in ISO 10896-1 and ISO 10896-2, hereafter known as “machines”. These machines are used off-road and can occasionally be driven on the road. NOTE 1 Meeting the requirements of this document does not ensure conformance to national or regional on-road regulations. NOTE 2 Rough-terrain trucks with mast as defined in ISO 3691-1 and rough-terrain lorry-mounted trucks as defined in ISO 20297-1 are not specifically covered by this document, but this document can be used for guidance.

This document specifies technical characteristics and strength requirements for fork arm extensions and telescopic fork arms for industrial trucks. It applies to fork arm extensions and telescopic fork arms, as defined in ISO 5053‑2, designed for use on industrial trucks and stacking lift trucks, as defined in ISO 5053‑1, having fork arm carriers and, in the case of fork arm extensions, fork arms conforming to ISO 2330. This document does not apply to integral transverse telescopic fork devices or scissor-action reach devices.

This document specifies methods for inspection and repair of solid-section fork arms in use on all types of fork-lift trucks.

This document establishes the sustainability terms and definitions of industrial trucks. This document is applicable to the life cycle of industrial trucks (hereinafter referred to as trucks) as defined in ISO 5053-1.

This document identifies sustainability factors and provides an example of a reporting format for sustainability information of industrial trucks. It is applicable to acquisition of raw materials, design, production, transportation/delivery, use, end-of-life treatment and final disposal of industrial trucks (hereinafter referred to as trucks) as defined in ISO 5053-1.

This document applies to slewing rough-terrain variable-reach trucks (hereinafter referred to as trucks) as defined in ISO 5053-1:2020, 3.22, that have a specific seated operator’s position, on the left-hand side of the boom, or centre position (excluding operator position on the right side of the boom). This document specifies a static test method for determining and evaluating the operator’s visibility on a rectangular boundary close around the truck and on a 12 m visibility test circle. Performance requirements for visibility are specified in this document. A calculation method or computer simulation can also be used. This document does not provide performance requirements for the additional means for indirect visibility. This document also covers information to be provided by the manufacturer.

This document gives safety requirements and the means for their verification for self-propelled carriers designed for carrying burdens without lifting, as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2020, and/or personnel carriers, having three or more wheels, a maximum speed not exceeding 56 km/h and a load capacity not exceeding 5 000 kg (hereafter referred to as carriers or trucks). This document is applicable to trucks equipped with a platform (which can be tilting) for the purpose of carrying materials or with a number of seats for the purpose of transporting passengers. It is not applicable to: — vehicles intended primarily for earth-moving or over-the-road hauling; — driverless trucks; — pedestrian controlled trucks; — golf cars; — tractors with a drawbar pull up to and including 20 000 N equipped with a platform for the purpose of carrying materials. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events, as listed in Annex A, relevant to the applicable machines when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. This document does not deal with hazard due to the risk of break-up during operation. It does not establish requirements for hazards that can occur when using trucks on public roads or when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres. It does not establish requirements to provide fire extinguishers. Regional requirements, additional to the requirements given in this document, are addressed in EN 16307‑6:2014 and ISO/TS 3691‑8:2019.

This document specifies the tests for verifying the stability of reach trucks (with retractable mast or fork arm carriage) and straddle trucks, equipped with tilting or non-tilting masts or fork arms and having a rated capacity up to and including 5 000 kg. It is also applicable to such trucks operating under the same conditions when equipped with load-handling attachments.

This document specifies the tests to verify the stability of single-side-loading trucks with tiltable or non-tiltable mast or fork arms. It is applicable to trucks fitted with fork arms and/or attachments.

This document establishes the vocabulary of industrial trucks. For the purposes of this document, industrial trucks are wheeled vehicles having at least three wheels with a powered or non-powered driving mechanism — except those running on rails — which are designed either to carry, tow, push, lift, stack or tier in racks any kind of load, and which are controlled either by an operator or by driverless automation.

This document specifies the method of energy consumption measurement for container handling lift trucks, as defined in ISO 5053‑1.

This document specifies the method of energy consumption measurement for the following types of industrial trucks as defined in ISO 5053‑1: — counterbalance lift truck; — articulated counterbalance lift truck; — reach truck (with retractable mast or fork arm carriage); — straddle truck; — pallet-stacking truck; — pallet truck; — platform and stillage truck; — pallet truck end controlled; — order-picking truck; — centre-controlled order-picking truck; — towing, pushing tractor and burden carrier; — towing and stacking tractor; — side-loading truck (one side only); — lateral-stacking truck (both sides); — lateral-stacking truck (three sides); — multi-directional lift truck.

This document specifies general test criteria and requirements to measure the energy consumption for self-propelled industrial trucks (hereinafter referred to as trucks) during operation. For electric trucks, the efficiency of the battery and the battery charger is included. The truck specific requirements in ISO 23308‑2 and ISO 23308‑3 take precedence over the respective requirements of ISO 23308‑1. This document is applicable to the in-use phase of the product life cycle. It applies to the following truck types according to ISO 5053‑1: — counterbalance lift truck; — articulated counterbalance lift truck; — reach truck (with retractable mast or fork arm carriage); — straddle truck; — pallet-stacking truck; — pallet truck; — platform and stillage truck; — pallet truck end controlled; — order-picking truck; — centre-controlled order-picking truck; — towing, pushing tractor and burden carrier; — towing and stacking tractor; — side-loading truck (one side only); — variable-reach container handler; — counterbalance container handler; — lateral-stacking truck (both sides); — lateral-stacking truck (three sides); — multi-directional lift truck.

This document provides information to prepare training materials and to administer training for operators of rough-terrain trucks (herein referred to as trucks). It is applicable to trucks, as defined in ISO 10896-1, ISO 10896-2 and ISO 20297-1. It is applicable to the handling of suspended loads covered in ISO 10896-4 and the use of non-integrated personnel work platforms covered in ISO 18479-1. This document does not cover authorization or training requirements related to a specific worksite (for example, site rules, emergency procedures, safety systems of work). NOTE National or local requirements can apply.

This document gives safety requirements for the application, operation, maintenance, transport, tow, assembly and storage of industrial trucks (hereafter referred to as trucks) as defined in ISO 5053‑1. It applies to the following truck types: a) counterbalance lift trucks; b) reach trucks (with retractable mast or retractable fork arm carriage); c) straddle trucks; d) pallet-stacking trucks; e) platform trucks; f) double stackers; g) side-loading trucks (one side only); h) lateral-stacking trucks (both sides), and lateral- and front-stacking trucks; i) order-picking trucks; j) bidirectional and multidirectional trucks; k) counterbalance container handlers; l) articulated counterbalance lift trucks; m) variable-reach trucks; n) pallet trucks; o) platform and stillage trucks; p) tractors with a drawbar pull up to and including 20 000 N; q) burden and personnel carriers; r) trucks powered by battery, diesel, gasoline or gas (e.g. LPG, CNG, LNG). Automated functions and driverless variants of the above list of trucks are also considered part of this scope.

This document specifies the tests for verifying the stability of counterbalanced fork-lift trucks with articulating steering and with mast, equipped with fork arms or load-handling attachments. It is not applicable to trucks with retractable devices such as a retractable mast or fork.

This document specifies general safety requirements for non-slewing, rough-terrain variable-reach trucks (referred to as trucks), with rigid chassis and equipped with a telescopic lifting means (pivoting boom) on which a load-handling device such as a carriage with fork arms is typically fitted. Fork arms and other integrated attachments are considered to be parts of the truck. NOTE These trucks are also known as telehandlers, or telescopic handlers. For the purpose of this document, trucks are designed to transport, lift and place loads and can be driven on unimproved terrain. They can also be equipped with a variety of attachments or interchangeable equipment (e.g. fork arms, bale spikes, mowers, sweepers) which can be both load-carrying and non-load-carrying. Other standards, in addition to the relevant provisions of this document, can apply to the attachments. This document is not applicable to the following: a) industrial variable-reach trucks covered by ISO 3691-2; b) machines designed primarily for earth moving, such as loaders, even if their buckets are replaced by fork arms (see ISO 20474-3); c) trucks with articulated chassis; d) machines designed primarily with variable-length load suspension elements (e.g. chain, ropes) from which the load can swing freely in all directions (mobile cranes); e) trucks fitted with personnel/work platforms, designed to move persons to elevated working positions; f) trucks designed primarily for container handling. The significant hazards covered by this document are listed in Annex A. This document does not address hazards that can occur: — during manufacture; — when handling suspended loads, which can swing freely (see ISO 10896-4); — when using trucks on public roads; — when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres; — with a battery, LPG or hybrid as the primary power source.

This document specifies requirements for application, inspection, training, maintenance, repair and safe operation (herein referred to as safe use) of non-slewing variable-reach rough-terrain trucks (herein referred to as trucks), as defined in ISO 10896-1. It is intended to achieve the following: — the prevention of personal injuries, property damage and accidents; — the establishment of criteria for inspection, maintenance and operation; — the establishment of operator training requirements. The safe use requirements for slewing trucks, the interface between rough-terrain trucks and integrated personnel work platforms that can be fitted to rough-terrain trucks and the handling of freely suspended loads with rough-terrain trucks are covered by the other parts of the ISO 11525 series. The safe use requirements for non-integrated personnel work platforms are covered in ISO 18479‑2. This document is not applicable to lorry-mounted trucks. NOTE National or local requirements can apply.

This document specifies requirements for application, inspection, training, maintenance, repair and safe operation (herein referred to as safe use) of slewing variable-reach rough-terrain trucks (herein referred to as trucks), as defined in ISO 10896-2. It is intended to achieve the following: — the prevention of personal injuries, property damage and accidents; — the establishment of criteria for inspection, maintenance and operation; — the establishment of operator training requirements. The safe use requirements for non-slewing trucks, the interface between rough-terrain trucks and integrated personnel work platforms that can be fitted to rough-terrain trucks and the handling of freely suspended loads with rough-terrain trucks are covered by the other parts of the ISO 11525 series. The safe use requirements for non-integrated personnel work platforms are covered in ISO 18479-2. This document is not applicable to lorry-mounted trucks. This document is not applicable to mobile cranes. NOTE National or local requirements can apply.

This document specifies performance, test methods, controls, control forces and component strength for brake systems fitted to the following, as defined in ISO 5053-1: powered industrial trucks of all capacities; towing and pushing tractors up to and including 66 750 N drawbar pull (hereafter referred to as industrial tractors); burden carriers; and industrial trucks handling freight containers. Loss of electrical power and loss of any other form of power assistance is not covered by this document. Braking systems used in emergency situations (e.g. activating the emergency switch or control system shut down) are not covered in this document. This document only includes requirements for newly manufactured trucks.

This document specifies the tests for verifying the stability of towing tractors, burden and personnel carriers as defined in ISO 5053-1.

This document establishes only the vocabulary of fork arms and load handling attachments. This document gives no safety requirements of fork arms and load handling attachments. For the purpose of this document, the term attachment describes a device that is mounted to an industrial truck to allow an alternative way to use the lifting system. NOTE This document does not give any proposals as to which attachment can be appropriate for which load.

This document gives regional requirements for specific countries outside the European Community (EC) and European Economic Area (EEA) for the types of industrial trucks specified in the scopes of ISO 3691-1, ISO 3691-2, ISO 3691-3, ISO 3691-4 and ISO 3691-6.

This document specifies the tests for verifying the stability of order picking trucks with an elevating operator position, as defined in ISO 5053‑1, where the operator's position can be raised to an elevation above 1 200 mm. It is applicable to industrial trucks fitted with fork arms, platforms and/or integrated attachments under normal operating conditions. It is not applicable to trucks fitted with a load carrier that can be shifted laterally or pivoted out of the truck's longitudinal centre plane.

This document specifies requirements for indicator lights to show the status of freight-container-handling spreaders and grappler arms. It is applicable to: a) container-handling spreaders with twistlocks for handling unladen and/or laden freight containers; b) grappler (bottom lift) arms for handling semi-trailers and swap bodies; when fitted to: — counterbalance lift trucks, with masts, as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2015, 3.3; — rough terrain trucks, with masts, as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2015, 3.7; — non-stacking low-lift straddle carriers, as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2015, 3.18; — stacking high-lift straddle carriers, as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2015, 3.19; — variable-reach trucks, as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2015, 3.20; — rough-terrain variable-reach trucks, as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2015, 3.21; — variable-reach container handlers, "reach stackers", as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2015, 3.23; — counterbalance container handlers, as defined in ISO 5053‑1:2015, 3.24.

This part of ISO 22915 specifies tests for verifying the stability of — pallet stackers, — double stackers, and — order-picking trucks with an operator position elevating up to and including 1 200 mm lift height, measured from the ground to the floor of the platform. It is applicable to these types of industrial truck, whether with tilting or non tilting masts or fork arms, having a rated capacity up to and including 5 000 kg. It is also applicable to such trucks operating under the same conditions when equipped with load-handling attachments and to order-picking trucks with an elevating operator's position up to and including 1 200 mm lift height when equipped with an additional load lifting device(s).

This document specifies the tests for verifying the stability of counterbalanced trucks with masts, equipped with fork arms or with load handling attachments. It is not applicable to those trucks designed for handling freight containers, dealt with by ISO 22915-9.

The ISO 22915 series deals with the safety of industrial trucks, as defined in ISO 5053-1, relative to their stability and the verification of that stability. For the purposes of the ISO 22915 series, industrial trucks are wheeled, self‑propelled or pedestrian‑propelled vehicles, excepting those running on rails. They are either operator‑controlled or driverless and designed to carry, tow, push, lift, stack or tier in racks. This document specifies an additional test for verifying the stability of a truck stacking with mast tilted forward and load in the elevated position. It is applicable to the following types of truck: a) counterbalanced trucks with tiltable masts, as specified in ISO 22915?2; b) reach (retractable mast or forks) and straddle trucks with tiltable masts, as specified in ISO 22915?3; c) pallet stackers with tiltable masts, as specified in ISO 22915-4; d) bidirectional and multidirectional (retractable mast or forks) trucks with tiltable masts, as specified in ISO 22915?7; e) rough-terrain trucks with tiltable masts, as specified in ISO 22915-13; f) counterbalanced trucks fitted with articulated steering with tiltable masts, as specified in ISO 22915-15.

ISO 20297-1:2017 specifies safety requirements and their verification for industrial and rough-terrain lorry‑mounted trucks (hereafter referred to as "trucks"). ISO 20297-1:2017 is applicable to those trucks capable of self-loading onto a carrier vehicle. It is not applicable to - trucks that are driven onto the carrier vehicle, or - trucks that are loaded onto the carrier vehicle with the assistance of external means, i.e. crane or other lifting device. ISO 20297-1:2017 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to machinery, when it is used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. The significant hazards covered by this document are listed in Annex A. ISO 20297-1:2017 does not address hazards which can occur - during manufacture, - when handling suspended loads, which may swing freely, - when using trucks on public roads, - when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres, - with a battery or hybrid as the primary power source. ISO 20297-1:2017 does not address the requirements of road safety when the truck is mounted on the carrier vehicle. ISO 20297-1:2017 is not applicable to trucks manufactured before the date of its publication.

ISO 3691-3:2016 gives safety requirements and the means for their verification, additional to those of ISO 3691‑1, for industrial trucks with a vertical, non-tilting mast: a) those trucks having an elevating operator position, and order‑picking trucks, as defined in ISO 5053‑1, where the elevating operator position and the load‑handling device lifts to a height of more than 1 200 mm above ground level; b) lateral- and front-stacking trucks, as defined in ISO 5053‑1, designed to travel with a load-handling device elevated more than 1 200 mm above ground level, with the load-handling device elevated, lowered or laterally displaced, laden or unladen, while the truck is travelling. These trucks are designed to travel indoors on a smooth, level surface (e.g. concrete) and can be guided, unguided, or both, when in use; they are not intended to tow or push. ISO 3691-3:2016 is not applicable to stacker trucks which handle two loads, one on the forks and the other on the support arms, this type of truck being covered by ISO 3691‑1. It is not applicable to trucks with an elevating operator position up to and including 1 200 mm, or to trucks specifically designed to travel with an elevated load having a fork height up to and including 1 200 mm above ground level. It is not applicable to low-level order pickers with elevating operator's position up to and including 1 200 mm lift height which can be equipped with an additional load lifting device having a maximum lift height of 1 800 mm from ground level. ISO 3691-3:2016 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations, or hazardous events, as listed in Annex A, relevant to the applicable machines when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It does not establish requirements for hazards that can occur when using trucks on public roads or when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres. Regional requirements, additional to the requirements given in this part of ISO 3691, are addressed in ISO/TS 3691‑7 and ISO/TS 3691‑8.

ISO 22882:2016 specifies the technical requirements, the appropriate dimensions and the requirements for the testing of swivel castors for hospital beds with a wheel diameter of 100 mm or more and which have a central locking device. Swivel castors may be used with the main principal dimensions.

ISO 22879:2016 specifies the technical requirements, the appropriate dimensions and the requirements for the testing of castors for furniture. It is applicable to castors for general furniture applications, but specifically excludes those for swivel chairs and other specialized applications. NOTE Castors for swivel chairs are specified in ISO 22880.

ISO 22880:2016 specifies the technical requirements, the appropriate dimensions and the requirements for the testing of castors, with or without braking devices, which will normally be used on swivel chairs.

ISO 18063-1:2016 applies to rough-terrain variable-reach trucks (hereinafter referred to as ?trucks') that have a specific seated operator's position on the left-hand side of the boom or centre position (excluding operator position on the right side of the boom). ISO 18063-1:2016 specifies a static test method for determining and evaluating the operator's visibility on a rectangular 1 m boundary around the rough-terrain variable-reach truck and on a 12 m radius visibility test circle. Performance requirements for visibility are specified in this document. ISO 18063-1:2016 does not apply to - trucks designed to handle freight containers (reach stackers), - articulated telescopic wheel loaders, - slewing trucks, or - lorry mounted trucks.

ISO 10896-7:2016 specifies design, safety and verification requirements for longitudinal load moment systems which can be used on rough-terrain trucks (hereafter referred to as trucks). This document provides requirements for both the longitudinal load moment indicator (hereafter referred to as LLMI) and the longitudinal load moment control (hereafter referred to as LLMC) used on rough-terrain trucks, defined in ISO 10896‑1, in a stationary position performing loading or placing functions on consolidated, stable and level ground. It is not applicable to the following: - lorry-mounted trucks as defined in ISO 20297‑1; - slewing variable-reach trucks as defined in ISO 10896‑2. ISO 10896-7:2016 deals with significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to longitudinal load moment systems when used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. ISO 10896-7:2016 does not cover the risk due to lateral instability or instability due to the travelling of the truck. The longitudinal load moment system is not intended for warning of the overturning risk while the truck is travelling. ISO 10896-7:2016 is not applicable to longitudinal load moment systems manufactured before the date of its publication.

ISO 22915-7:2016 specifies the tests for verifying the stability of bidirectional and multidirectional trucks with tilting or non-tilting mast or fork arms. It is also applicable to trucks operating under the same conditions when equipped with load-handling attachments.

ISO 18479-2:2016, intended to be used together with ISO 18479‑1 and ISO 10896‑1, defines user requirements for rough-terrain trucks when fitted with a non-integrated personnel work platform (PWP) as an attachment. This includes non-integrated PWPs that have a means of being affixed to the truck forks. NOTE National or local requirements can apply, which could be more stringent. User requirements for rough-terrain trucks fitted with a personnel work platform having controls which affect travel or movement of the rough-terrain truck are not covered by this part of ISO 18479 (see ISO 18893).

ISO 11525-4:2016, when used in conjunction with ISO 11525‑1 or ISO 11525‑2, defines specific user requirements relating to the use of non-slewing and slewing variable-reach trucks operating with freely suspended loads. When provisions of this part of ISO 11525 are different from those which are stated in ISO 11525‑1 or ISO 11525‑2, the provisions of this part of ISO 11525 take precedence over the provisions of ISO 11525‑1 or ISO 11525‑2. It is intended to achieve the following: a) prevention of personal injuries, property damage and accidents; b) establishment of criteria for inspection, maintenance, operation and training. NOTE National or local requirements can apply, whichever could be more stringent. General user requirements for non-slewing variable-reach trucks are given in ISO 11525‑1. General user requirements for slewing variable-reach trucks are given in ISO 11525‑2. ISO 11525-4:2016 is not applicable to flexible intermediate bulk containers as defined in ISO 21898.