ISO/TC 23/SC 6 - Equipment for crop protection

This document specifies the method of testing the agitation system performance in spray tanks of sprayers for application of plant protection products and fertilizers. This document is not applicable for manually operated knapsack sprayers, aircraft, or UASS sprayers.

This document specifies operator and environment-related safety requirements and the means of their verification for the design and construction of closed transfer systems (CTS) for liquid formulations of plant protection products (PPP) in 1 l to 20 l containers. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices including information about residual risks to be provided by the CTS manufacturer and specifies the maximum potential contamination during any single transfer operation.

This document, to be used together with ISO 4254-1, specifies the safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of mounted, semi-mounted, trailed and self-propelled agricultural sprayers for use with plant protection products (PPP) and liquid fertilizer application, as placed on the market by the manufacturer and designed for a single operator only. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices (including residual risks) to be provided by the manufacturer. When requirements of this document are different from those which are stated in ISO 4254-1, the requirements of this document take precedence over the requirements of ISO 4254-1 for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this document. This document, taken together with ISO 4254-1, deals with significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A), excepting the hazards arising from: — protection of the driver against spray when spraying (see Foreword); — automatically actuated height adjustment systems; — the environment, other than noise; — moving parts for power transmission except strength requirements for guards and barriers. This document is not applicable to sprayers and liquid fertilizer distributors which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document.

This document specifies the requirements, test methods and verification of the inspection of aerial fixed wing and rotary aircraft spray systems for agriculture, forestry, turf, and vegetation control in transport access ways (such as gas and electric lines), with regard to minimizing the potential risk of environmental contamination during use. This document applies only to manned aerial aircraft. It does not cover aircraft safety and design criteria for air worthiness, aircraft registration, pilot or operator requirements, all of which are specified separately by countries or regions. This document relates mainly to the condition of the equipment with respect to its potential risk for the environment and its performance to achieve good applications. The general requirements of ISO 16122-1 apply where appropriate, including for the protection of inspectors during an inspection.

This document defines terms commonly used in relation to equipment for applying plant protection products for crop protection.

This document specifies test methods and the environmental conditions for evaluating the performance of reciprocating positive displacement pumps and centrifugal pumps designed for crop protection equipment. This document is applicable when defining the performance of stand-alone pumps or pumps that are installed on a sprayer. Some of the tests indicated in this document are suited only for specific pump types. It is not applicable to pesticide metering pumps for injection systems.

This document specifies safety requirements and their verification, environmental requirements and related test methods, and minimum performance limits, for the design and construction of knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers as defined in 3.9. It describes methods for the elimination or reduction of hazards arising from their use. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices to be provided by the manufacturer. It addresses general operating parameters as well as the potential deposition of spray droplets under specified controlled conditions. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, excepting those arising from vibration transmitted to the back of the operator. It is applicable to knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Table A.1). It is not applicable to: — hydraulic pressure sprayers; — thermal sprayers; — cold foggers; — sprayers adapted for the application of dry material. It is not applicable to knapsack combustion engine-driven airblast sprayers manufactured before the date of its publication. The requirements of this document applies to products manufactured 18 months after publication.

This document specifies the system of colour coding for flow rate identification of nozzles used on sprayers. It is applicable to hydraulic energy nozzles such as flat and cone nozzles used for the application of crop protection products. This document is not applicable to adjustable nozzles. It allows for flow recognition on small parts in order to avoid any confusion under normal conditions of use.

This document specifies procedures for classifying droplet size spectra from atomizers used in spraying for crop protection. It provides a reference system for defining classes of droplet size spectra. Depending on their function principle and individual setup, measuring systems for droplet sizing can give different results. This document provides a means of comparing measured droplet size spectra to reference spectra and enables relative comparisons of droplet size spectra obtained from different measuring systems.

ISO 5682-2:2017 is applicable for sprayers intended to apply liquid over a horizontal surface. ISO 5682-2:2017 specifies test methods to assess sprayed liquid horizontal transverse distribution. Methods are based on sprayed liquid volume measurement, nozzle flow rate measurement or nozzle tip pressure measurement. ISO 5682-2:2017 does not cover aerial sprayers. Hydraulic sprayers use a range of design features to deliver and control spray. The test methods provided in this document are all useful but don't give the same information. They are complementary. Some test methods are not suitable for all sprayer types. Applicable test methods are described in an informative annex.

ISO 5682-1:2017 specifies test methods to assess the performance of sprayer nozzles with the exception of droplet characteristics. Applicable tests by nozzle type are described in an informative annex as a guide, but this is not required for use of this document.

ISO 5682-3:2017 specifies the test method to assess the performance of volume/area adjustment systems for spray systems. ISO 5682-3:2017 is not applicable for manually-operated knapsack sprayers or for aircraft sprayers.

ISO 22401:2015 provides a test method to measure spray sedimentation from horizontal boom sprayers using a test bench. The sedimentation measure gives a value for potential spray drift. These measurements can be used to compare different sprayer setups on the same sprayer. ISO 22401:2015 is applicable to mounted, trailed and self-propelled horizontal boom sprayers used in arable crops; and horizontal boom sprayers used for weed control in orchards/vineyards and spray application on horticultural crops. ISO 22401:2015 is intended for booms using a uniform set of spray generators. If intended for spray drift classification of the sprayer, the comparison is limited to nozzle type, spray pressure and boom height. NOTE Further investigations and tests are on-going to consider other parameters for classification aims (e.g. air assisted system, forward speed, nozzle spacing and orientation).

ISO 24253-1:2015 specifies field measurements of spray deposition to determine the quantity and distribution of spray in a plane surface area, treated by horizontal boom sprayers with downward directed application. ISO 24253-1:2015 allows flexibility in the arrangement of field tests, but specifies standardized measurement procedures that are useful to be able to compare the results from different field experiments or to compare with laboratory tests, such as that described in ISO 5682‑2. ISO 24253-1:2015 may not be appropriate for those spraying systems which rely on the presence of a crop canopy for efficient deposition (for example directed spraying, electrostatic charged spraying, very fine spraying, variable rate spraying). ISO 24253 is not intended for use in or for a regulatory framework.

ISO 24253-2:2015 specifies a method for field measurements to determine the quantity and distribution of spray in a field crop, treated by horizontal boom sprayers with downward directed application. It can be used for nursery trees and small size bush crops (young currants) when sprayed with boom sprayers. NOTE When interested in the spray deposition over width of the crop canopy, it is advised to use ISO 22522. ISO 24253-2:2015 allows flexibility in the arrangement of field tests, but specifies standardized measurement procedures that are useful to be able to compare the results from different field experiments or to compare with laboratory tests, such as that specified in ISO 5682-2. ISO 24253 is not intended for use in or for a regulatory framework.

ISO 16122-3:2015, when used together with ISO 16122-1, specifies the requirements and test methods for the inspection of sprayers for bushes and trees, when in use. The requirements relate mainly to the condition of the sprayer with respect to its potential risk for the environment and its performance to achieve a good application. Requirements for the protection of inspectors during an inspection are given in ISO 16122-1.

ISO 16122-2:2015, when used together with ISO 16122-1, specifies the requirements and test methods for the inspection of horizontal boom sprayers, when in use. The requirements relate mainly to the condition of the sprayer with respect to its potential risk for the environment and its performance to achieve good application. Requirements for the protection of inspectors during an inspection are given in ISO 16122 1.

ISO 16122-4:2015, when used together with ISO 16122‑1, specifies the requirements and test methods for the inspection of fixed and semi-mobile sprayers, when in use. The requirements relate mainly to the condition of the sprayer with respect to its potential risk for the environment and its performance to achieve good application. It does not apply to application equipment for spatial treatment (e.g. foggers). Note that requirements for the protection of inspectors during an inspection are given in ISO 16122‑1.

ISO 16122-1:2015 defines the general requirements to be fulfilled for the inspection of all types of sprayers for plant protection products used in agriculture, horticulture, forestry and other areas, except knapsack sprayers (see ISO 19932?1 and ISO 19932?2). The specific requirements for the different types of sprayers are defined in the relevant specific parts of ISO 16122. When used in conjunction with the relevant sprayer specific part, ISO 16122-1:2015 specifies the requirements and test methods for the in use inspection of sprayers. The requirements relate mainly to the condition of the sprayer with respect to potential risks for the environment and its performance to achieve a good application. ISO 16122-1:2015 also includes minimum requirements for the preparation of the sprayer for the inspection and the minimum safety requirements with respect to the safety of the inspector (test operator) during the inspection.

ISO 16119-4:2014 specifies requirements and the means for their verification for the design and performance of fixed and semi-mobile sprayers, as defined in 3.1 and 3.2, with regard to minimizing the potential risk of environmental contamination during use, including misuse foreseeable by the manufacturer. This type of spraying system is generally a combination of separate elements (main tank, pump and application unit) that can be assembled in fixed installations (fixed sprayers) or with moving parts (semi-mobile sprayers). ISO 16119-4:2014 does not apply to application equipment for space/spatial treatments. ISO 16119-4:2014 is intended to be used with ISO 16119‑1, which gives general requirements common to all the sprayer types covered by ISO 16119. When requirements of ISO 16119-4:2014 are different from those stated in ISO 16119‑1, the requirements of ISO 16119-4:2014 take precedence over the requirements of ISO 16119‑1 for machines within the scope of ISO 16119-4:2014. ISO 16119-4:2014 does not cover safety aspects (see ISO 4254‑6). ISO 16119-4:2014 is not applicable to sprayers manufactured before the date of its publication.

ISO 19932-2:2013 specifies test methods for the verification of requirements of ISO 19932-1:2013 for knapsack sprayers carried on the back or shoulder of the operator for use with plant protection products. It is applicable to lever-operated knapsack sprayers, knapsack compression sprayers and knapsack sprayers driven by an engine or electric motor using hydraulic pressure atomisation of the spray liquid, with a nominal volume of more than 3 l for their intended use primarily in agriculture and horticulture. It does not apply to knapsack mistblowers according to ISO 28139.

ISO 16236:2013 specifies the test method for the determination of the volume and the concentration of the drainable volume of sprayers, in connection to the emptying of the diluted residue of the spray tank by using its outlet and other outlets allowing draining (e.g. suction filter, filling connection) at the end of the cleaning procedure. ISO 16236:2013 applies to agricultural sprayers used for crop protection and liquid fertiliser applications for both brand new sprayers and sprayers already in use.

ISO 19932-1:2013 specifies the safety and environmental requirements and their means of verification for the design and construction of knapsack sprayers carried on the back or shoulder of the operator for use with plant protection products. In addition, it specifies the type of information on safe working practices (including residual risks) to be provided by the manufacturer. It is applicable to lever-operated knapsack sprayers, knapsack compression sprayers and knapsack sprayers driven by an engine or electric motor using hydraulic pressure atomisation of the spray liquid, with a nominal volume of more than 3 l, for their intended use primarily in agriculture and horticulture. It does not apply to knapsack mistblowers according to ISO 28139. ISO 19932-1:2013 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events relevant to knapsack sprayers when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, excepting the hazards arising from: static electricity; explosion or fire from chemicals for spraying; and insufficient structural integrity. ISO 19932-1:2013 is not applicable to knapsack sprayers which are manufactured before the date of its publication.

ISO 16119-1:2013 specifies general requirements for the design and performance of sprayers, as defined in ISO 5681, with regard to minimizing the potential risk of environmental contamination during use, including misuse foreseeable by the manufacturer. It also specifies the requirements for identification of the sprayer and certain of its components, and the minimum content of the instruction handbook. It is intended to be used with each of the other parts of ISO 16119, which give requirements specific to particular types of sprayers (see Annex A). ISO 16119-1:2013 is applicable to all types of sprayers used in agriculture, horticulture, forestry and other areas, except knapsack sprayers. It does not cover safety aspects (see ISO 4254-6). NOTE Knapsack sprayers are covered by ISO 19932, which deals with safety as well as environmental aspects. ISO 16119-1:2013 is not applicable to sprayers manufactured before the date of its publication.

ISO 16119-2:2013 specifies requirements and the means for their verification for the design and performance of horizontal boom sprayers, as defined in 3.1, with regard to minimizing the potential risk of environmental contamination during use, including misuse foreseeable by the manufacturer. It is intended to be used with ISO 16119-1, which gives general requirements common to all the sprayer types covered by ISO 16119. It does not cover safety aspects (see ISO 4254-6). ISO 16119-2:2013 is not applicable to sprayers manufactured before the date of its publication.

ISO 16119-3:2013 specifies requirements and the means for their verification for the design and performance of sprayers for bush, tree and similar crops, as defined in 3.1, with regard to minimizing the potential risk of environmental contamination during use, including misuse foreseeable by the manufacturer.It is not applicable to human-mounted sprayers for bushes or trees. It is intended to be used with ISO 16119-1, which gives general requirements common to all the sprayer types covered by ISO 16119. It does not cover safety aspects (see ISO 4254-6). ISO 16119-3:2013 is not applicable to sprayers manufactured before the date of its publication.

ISO/TS 11356:2011 specifies the relevant spray operation parameters for recording information necessary for traceability, and provides a basis for the development of systems for automatically collecting and reporting agricultural production data. The parameters can also be valid for other records, such as those related to spraying in amenities. The intended users include machine manufacturers, farmers, the food industry and regulators.

ISO 22369-2:2010 specifies the drift classification procedure for field crop sprayers by field measurements of spray drift sedimentation in conformity with ISO 22866, including the test methods and evaluation criteria needed. It also allows the allocation of the spray drift reduction classes specified by ISO 22369-1. ISO 22369-2:2010 is intended to determine the drift reducing performance of field crop sprayers by comparison with a reference spraying system, in order to rate (classify) the field crop sprayers. It is applicable to mounted, trailed and self-propelled field crop sprayers used in field crops.

ISO 21278-2:2008 specifies general requirements and minimum performance limits for induction hoppers as specified in ISO 21278-1:2008.

ISO 21278-1:2008 specifies the test methods for the verification of the performance limits of induction hoppers, as specified in ISO 21278-2:2008.

ISO 22856:2008 establishes general principles for the measurement of spray drift potential in wind tunnels under controlled laboratory conditions. ISO 22856:2008 is applicable where comparative assessment or classification of the relative spray drift potential from spray generators (e.g. nozzles) or spray liquids is needed.

ISO 19732:2007 specifies the system of colour coding for identification of all types of filters used for the application of crop protection products in agriculture.

ISO 22522:2007 is applicable to the field measurement of quantities of spray deposit, applied using ground sprayers, on tree and bush crops. It covers measurements of the volume or mass of spray deposits (both absolute and distribution) on target structures such as leaves, fruits and ground losses.

ISO 22763:2006 specifies a uniform demonstration track for showing the spray boom movement of field crop sprayers in, for example, practical demonstrations. The track specified can be used in demonstrations for mounted, trailed or self-propelled sprayers.

ISO 22369-1:2006 specifies the drift classification of spraying equipment and defines the spray drift reduction classes. It is applicable to spraying equipment used in applications such as arable field crops, in bush and tree crops, and in horticulture and forestry.

ISO 22866:2005 establishes principles for the measurement of droplet drift from all types of equipment designed for applying plant protection products. Detailed specifications relate to tractor-mounted, trailed and self-propelled agricultural sprayers operating in arable field crops (boom sprayers) and in bush and tree (including vines, hops, fruit) crops (including broadcast air-assisted sprayers). The principles it defines are also applicable for any hand-held equipment or aircraft, but detailed protocols for such systems are not included in the specifications defined. It specifies the making of field measurements so as to determine the quantities of spray drift during application at defined distances from a treated area for risk assessment purposes. Standard measurement distances are defined that are used to enable the results from different experiments to be compared.

ISO 14131:2005 specifies test methods for measuring boom steadiness in agricultural field crop sprayers, with the objective of evaluating the stability of the boom and determining its movements.

ISO 22368-3:2004 specifies a test for determining the performance of the rinsing systems fitted onto sprayers used in crop protection for the internal cleaning of the spray-liquid tank or tanks. It is applicable to mounted, trailed and self-propelled agricultural sprayers used for crop protection and liquid fertilizer applications. It is not applicable to sprayers with direct injection systems.

ISO 22368-2:2004 specifies two test methods for evaluating the performance of cleaning systems fitted onto sprayers used in crop protection for the removal of deposits on the external surfaces of the sprayer. The purpose of the tests is to provide sprayer designers with information on contamination of the sprayer and permit comparison of different attachments or adjustments in relation to external cleaning (Test A), and to allow the performance of different cleaning devices to be determined (Test B). It is applicable to mounted, trailed and self-propelled agricultural sprayers used for crop protection and liquid fertilizer applications.

ISO 22368-1:2004 specifies tests for determining the performance of the rinsing systems fitted onto sprayers used in crop protection for the internal cleaning of the complete sprayer, including the tank. It is applicable to mounted, trailed and self-propelled agricultural sprayers used for crop protection and liquid fertilizer applications. It is not applicable to sprayers with direct injection systems.

Test method for the determination of the volume of total residual in the tank for agricultural sprayers used for crop protection and fertilization.

Cancels and replaces the first edition (1981). Specifies a test method to determine, on the one hand, the effect of fitting antidrip devices on nozzle flowrates, and, on the other hand, the opening and closing pressures. Applies to antidrip devices of agricultural sprayer nozzles, except for hand-held or hand-operated sprayers.

Specifies the dimensions necessary to allow interchangeability. Figure 1 illustrates the dimensions of concern. For the dimensions of the nozzle body see ISO 8169.

Specifies a laboratory test method for granulated pesticide or herbicide distributors, including distributors attached to a basis machine. Annex A tabulates a programm of mandatory tests; annex B describes optional tests; annex C contains an example of a test report, and tabulates test results.