ISO/TC 17 - Steel

This document specifies requirements for non-alloy and alloy steels that are intended for cold heading or cold extruding and are delivered as wire rods, wire or bars. It also contains specific requirements for: — steels not intended for heat treatment, with diameters from 2 mm to 100 mm (see Annex A); — case-hardening steels with diameters from 2 mm to 100 mm (see Annex B); — steels for quenching and tempering, including boron-alloyed steels (see Table C.3), with diameters from 2 mm to 100 mm (see Annex C); — stainless steels with diameters of 0,8 mm up to 50 mm for austenitic steels, up to 25 mm for ferritic steels and up to 100 mm for martensitic steels (see Annex D). This document (except Annex A) is applicable to the properties of cold-headed or cold-extruded parts which have been subjected to a subsequent heat treatment. As the properties of the parts in the cold-headed or cold-extruded, and subsequently not-heat-treated condition, are largely dependent on the applied cold-heading or cold-extruding conditions, these are, if necessary, subject to agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer of the parts.

This document specifies a method (Baumann) for the macrographic examination of steel by means of contact printing using silver salts and acid. The method is applicable to steels of which the sulphur content is less than 0,40 %. This method can also be applied to cast irons.

This document specifies requirements for carbon steel wire of round cross-section supplied in the cold-draw condition intended for the manufacture of springs for bedding and seating used in the automotive and furniture manufacturing industries. This document is applicable to wire supplies in the uncoated condition, that is, without a metallic coating.

This document specifies the composition, dimensions and mechanical properties of steel wire with a high mass fraction of carbon, generally brass coated, for reinforcing high-pressure hoses. It is applicable to multiple parallel wires, braided or spirally wrapped for reinforcement in a rubber or synthetic hose that is made to withstand a relatively high bursting pressure.

This document specifies the requirements for hot-rolled twin-roll cast steel sheet of structural quality and high strength steel. The product is intended for applications where specific mechanical properties are required. It is generally used in the delivered condition and is intended for bolted, riveted or welded structures, and it is produced on a wide strip mill, not a plate mill. Structural quality twin-roll cast steel sheet is a carbon steel produced to specified mechanical properties and is available in a number of grades. High strength hot-rolled twin-roll cast steel sheet, strengthened by microalloys is produced to specified mechanical properties and is available in a number of grades and classes.

This document specifies the requirements for steel sheet, in coils and cut length, metallic-coated by the continuous hot-dip zinc-coated twin-roll cast process of commercial quality. The steel sheet is intended for applications requiring corrosion resistance, formability and paintability. The steel sheet is produced in a number of grades, coating masses, surface treatments and ordering conditions.

This document provides an evaluation method of the resistance of high-strength steels to hydrogen embrittlement (i.e. hydrogen delayed fracture) using slow strain rate test with hydrogen pre-charged specimens. The amount of hydrogen absorbed in the specimens is analysed quantitatively by thermal desorption analysis such as gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and so on. This document includes testing methods for either smooth or notched specimens. It is applicable to ferritic base steels.

This document specifies the requirements for steel sheet, in coils and cut length, metallic-coated by the continuous hot-dip zinc-coated twin-roll cast process, of structural and high strength quality. The product is intended for applications requiring corrosion resistance, and paintability. The steel sheet is produced in a number of grades, coating masses, surface treatments and ordering conditions.

This document specifies the technical delivery requirements for — semi-finished products, hot formed (e.g. blooms, billets, slabs) (see NOTE 1), — bars (see NOTE 1), — wire rod, — finished flat products, and — hammer or drop forgings (see NOTE 1) manufactured from the case-hardening non-alloy or alloy steels listed in Table 3 and supplied in one of the heat-treatment conditions given for the different types of products in Table 1 and in one of the surface conditions given in Table 2. The steels are, in general, intended for the manufacture of case-hardened machine parts. NOTE 1 Hammer-forged semi-finished products (blooms, billets, slabs, etc.), seamless rolled rings and hammerforged bars are covered under semi-finished products or bars and not under the term “hammer and drop forgings”. NOTE 2 For International Standards relating to steels conforming with the requirements for the chemical composition in Table 3, however, supplied in other product forms or treatment conditions than given above or intended for special applications, and for other related International Standards, see the Bibliography.

This document specifies a method of converting room temperature percentage elongations after fracture obtained on various proportional and non-proportional gauge lengths to other gauge lengths. Formula (1), on which conversions are based, is considered to be reliable when applied to carbon, carbon manganese, molybdenum and chromium molybdenum steels within the tensile strength range 300 N/mm2 to 700 N/mm2 and in the hot-rolled, hot-rolled and normalized or annealed conditions, with or without tempering. These conversions are not applicable to: a) cold reduced steels; b) quenched and tempered steels; c) austenitic steels. These conversions are not applicable when the gauge length exceeds or where the width to thickness ratio of the test piece exceeds 20.

This document specifies a method of converting room temperature percentage elongations after fracture obtained on various proportional and non-proportional gauge lengths to other gauge lengths. Formula (1), on which conversions are based, is considered to be reliable when applied to austenitic stainless steels within the tensile strength range 450 to 750 N/mm2 and in the solution treated condition. These conversions are not applicable to: a) cold reduced steels; b) quenched and tempered steels; c) non-austenitic steels. These conversions are not applicable when the gauge length exceeds 25√S0 or where the width to thickness ratio of the test piece exceeds 20.

This document specifies delivery requirements applicable to the surface finish of hot-rolled plates rolled on reversing mills and wide flats, with a nominal thickness ≥3 mm and ≤400 mm.

This document specifies the requirements for hot-rolled twin-roll cast steel sheet of commercial quality. The product is intended for applications where the presence of oxide or scale or normal surface imperfections disclosed after removal of oxide or scale are not objectionable. It is not suitable for applications where the surface is of prime importance. This document does not cover steel sheet that is subjected to subsequent rolling.

This document specifies requirements for carbon and low alloy cast steel grades for general applications. NOTE 1 Annex A provides guidance on welding. NOTE 2 Annex B gives information on ISO grade designation and available UNS numbers which are similar to the ISO grade designation.

This document specifies an infrared absorption method after combustion in an induction furnace for the determination of the low carbon content in unalloyed steel. The method is applicable to carbon contents between 0,000 3 % (mass fraction) and 0,009 % (mass fraction).

This document specifies requirements for flat and long products of hot-rolled weldable fine-grain structural steels in the as-rolled (for SG grades only), normalized/normalized rolled and thermomechanical processed delivery conditions. It applies to steel plates rolled on a reversing mill, wide flats, hot-rolled sections and bars, which are intended for use in heavily loaded parts of welded or bolted structures. This document covers 13 grades and 6 qualities. Grades S275, S355, S390, S420, S460 and S500 are covered in Annex A. Grades SG245, SG290, SG325, SG345, SG365, SG415 and SG460 are covered in Annex B. Not all grades are available in all qualities, and some qualities have Charpy V-notch requirements. The steels specified in this document are applicable to hot-rolled plates, wide flats, sections and bars with a minimum nominal thickness of 3 mm and a maximum nominal thickness of 250 mm for grades S275N, S355N, S390N, S420N and S460N, a maximum nominal thickness of 150 mm for grades S275M, S355M, S390M, S420M, S460M, and S500M, a maximum nominal thickness of 200 mm for grades SG245, SG325 and SG415, a maximum nominal thickness of 100 mm for grades SG345, SG365 and SG460, and a maximum nominal thickness of 40 mm for grade SG290. This document does not include the following structural steels, some of which are covered by other International Standards: — Sheet and strip — refer to ISO TC 17/SC 12, Continuous mill flat rolled products; — Tubular products — refer to ISO TC 5/SC 1, Steel tubes. NOTE 1 Lists of standards covered by ISO/TC 17/SC 12 and ISO/TC 5/SC 1 are available on the ISO website. NOTE 2 In all parts of ISO 630, the term of "thickness" is considered as "nominal thickness", unless otherwise stated.

This document specifies the general technical delivery conditions for steel flat and long products (plates/ sections/wide flats and bars) used principally for general-purpose structural steels. The steels specified in this document are intended for use in welded or bolted structures. The specific requirements for structural steels are given in the individual parts of ISO 630. This document does not include the following structural steels, some of which are covered by other International Standards: — sheet and strip: refer to ISO TC 17/SC 12 “Continuous mill flat rolled products”; — tubular products: refer to ISO TC 5/SC 1 “Steel tubes”. NOTE 1 Lists of standards covered by ISO/TC 17/SC 12 and ISO/TC 5/SC 1 are available on the ISO website. NOTE 2 In all parts of ISO 630, the term of "thickness" is considered as "nominal thickness", unless otherwise stated.

This document specifies qualities for steels for general structural use. This document applies to steel plates rolled on a reversing mill, wide flats, hot-rolled sections and bars, which are used in the as-delivered condition and normally intended for welded or bolted structures. This document covers 8 steel grades and 4 qualities. Grades S235, S275, S355, and S460 are covered in Annex A. Grades SG205, SG250, SG285 and SG345 are covered in Annex B. Not all grades are available in all qualities, and some qualities have Charpy V‑notch requirements. The steels specified in this document are applicable to hot-rolled flat products and sections with: — thicknesses ≥ 3 mm and ≤ 150 mm for long products of steel grade S460 all qualities; — thicknesses ≥ 3 mm and ≤ 250 mm for long products or ≤ 400 mm for flat products of all other grades and qualities; and no restriction on nominal thickness for grades SG205, SG250, SG285, and SG345 for flat products, sections and long products. This document does not include the following structural steels, some of which are covered by other International Standards: — sheet and strip: refer to ISO TC 17/SC 12 “Continuous mill flat rolled products”; — tubular products: refer to ISO TC 5/SC 1 “Steel tubes”. NOTE 1 Lists of standards covered by ISO/TC 17/SC 12 and ISO/TC 5/SC 1 are available on the ISO website. NOTE 2 In all parts of ISO 630, the term of "thickness" is considered as "nominal thickness", unless otherwise stated.

This document specifies qualities for high-yield-strength quenched and tempered structural steels. It applies to steel plates and wide flats rolled on a reversing mill which are used in the quenched and tempered condition and normally intended for welded or bolted structures. This document covers 10 grades and 5 qualities. Grades S460Q, S500Q, S550Q, S620Q, S690Q, S890Q and S960Q are covered in Annex A. Grades SG460Q, SG500Q, and SG700Q are covered in Annex B. Not all grades are available in all qualities, and some qualities have Charpy V-notch requirements. The steels specified in this document are applicable to hot-rolled flat products with a minimum nominal thickness of 3 mm and a maximum nominal thickness of 200 mm for grades S460Q, S500Q, S550Q, S620Q and S690Q, a maximum nominal thickness of 125 mm for grades S890Q and S960Q, a maximum nominal thickness of 100 mm for grades SG460Q and SG500Q and a maximum nominal thickness of 150 mm for grade SG700Q. This document does not include the following structural steels, some of which are covered by other International Standards: — Sheet and strip — refer to ISO TC 17/SC 12, Continuous mill flat rolled products; — Tubular products — refer to ISO TC 5/SC 1, Steel tubes. NOTE 1 Lists of standards covered by ISO/TC 17/SC 12 and ISO/TC 5/SC 1 are available on the ISO website. NOTE 2 In all parts of ISO 630, the term of "thickness" is considered as "nominal thickness", unless otherwise stated.

This document specifies the requirements for the coating mass per unit area, for other properties and also for testing of zinc or zinc-alloy coatings on steel wire and steel wire products of circular or other section.

This document specifies test methods of steel cords which are used for tyre reinforcement. Dimension, process properties, mechanical properties and coating test method are all included.

This document specifies a micrographic method based on comparison charts for determining the degree of spheroidisation of carbides after annealing of wire rod, wire or bars made of non-alloy and low alloy steels intended for cold heading and cold extrusion. The range of carbon content is up to 1,20 % C. In addition, Annex A includes a method based on machine vision for routine measurements.

This document provides guidance for calculating the CO2 intensity at steel plants with all types of process routes, by defining the boundary, CO2 emission factors and the intermediate products for which upstream emissions are considered for all types of process routes. In particular, this document provides guidance applicable to the ISO 14404 series to the types of steel plants listed below. This document also includes the Universal Calculation Sheet, which covers all relevant emission sources from ISO 14404-1, ISO 14404-2 and ISO 14404-3 to assist the calculation of CO2 emissions. i. Steel plants with different process routes from ISO 14404-1, ISO 14404-2 and ISO 14404-3 (7.2.1) ii. Steel plants with more than one process route (7.2.2) iii. Steel plants purchasing pig iron from the outside (7.2.3) iv. Steel plants and rerollers purchasing part or all of crude steel from outside (7.2.4) Moreover, this document provides additional guidance to the entire ISO 14404 series for the following topics. a) Evaluation of exported slags b) Evaluation of by-product gas c) Evaluation of stock d) Selection of calorific values and emission factors for electricity and fuel Conversion to energy consumption and to consumption efficiency can be obtained using Annex A. While the use of the calculation result is outside the scope of this document, appropriate applications and inappropriate application are recommended in Annex B.

This document specifies an order for listing elements within the chemical composition of steels and most other iron-based alloys, excluding foundry irons. NOTE This document has been developed and is used by ISO/TC 17/SC 4, but can also be used by other ISO/TC 17 subcommittees.

This document specifies requirements for steel strand which has been given a stress-relieving heat treatment according to the general requirements specified in ISO 6934-1. This document covers 10 grades of steel strand for use in prestressed concrete construction; each strand can contain either 2, 3, 7 or 19 individual wires. In case of any conflict between the requirements of this document and ISO 6934-1, the requirements of document prevail.

This document provides a method for the evaluation of the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement (i.e. hydrogen delayed fracture) using constant loading test with hydrogen pre-charged specimens. The amount of hydrogen content absorbed in the specimens is analysed quantitatively by thermal desorption analysis such as gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and so on. In the case of hydrogen continuous charging such as hydrogen absorption in aqueous solution at free corrosion potential, hydrogen absorption in atmospheric corrosion environments and hydrogen absorption in high pressure hydrogen gas, the evaluation method is also briefly described. This method is mainly applicable to the evaluation of hydrogen embrittlement resistance of high strength steel bolts.

This document specifies a potentiometric titration method for the determination of vanadium in steel and cast iron. The method is applicable to vanadium contents between 0,04 % (mass fraction) and 2 % (mass fraction).

This document specifies the requirements for the ultrasonic testing of steel castings (with ferritic structure) for general purposes, and the methods for determining internal discontinuities by the pulse-echo technique. This document applies to the ultrasonic testing of steel castings which have usually received a grain-refining heat treatment and which have wall thicknesses up to and including 600 mm. For greater wall thicknesses, special agreements apply with respect to the test procedure and the acceptance levels. This document does not apply to austenitic steels and to joint welds.

This document specifies the requirements for the ultrasonic testing of steel castings (with ferritic structure) for highly stressed components, and the methods for determining internal discontinuities by the pulse-echo technique. Purchasers determine if components are highly stressed based on the need for performance or safety. This document applies to the ultrasonic testing of steel castings which have usually received a grain-refining heat treatment and which have wall thicknesses up to and including 600 mm. For greater wall thicknesses, special agreements apply with respect to the test procedure and the acceptance levels. This document does not apply to austenitic steels and to joint welds.

This document specifies the acceptance criteria for the surface examination of steel, nickel alloy and cobalt alloy investment castings by visual testing.

This document specifies a method for the magnetic particle testing of ferro-magnetic steel and iron castings. It also gives acceptance criteria through severity levels defined by the nature, the area and the dimensions of the discontinuities present. This document is applicable to all ferro-magnetic castings, independent of the moulding method. A steel and iron casting is considered to be ferro-magnetic if the magnetic induction is greater than 1 T (Tesla) for a magnetic field strength of 2,4 kA/m. This document only applies to those areas of the castings specified for testing, as well as the percentage of castings to be tested.

This document specifies a flame atomic absorption spectrometric method (FAAS) for the determination of the vanadium content in steel. The method is applicable to vanadium contents between 0,01 % (mass fraction) and 0,80 % (mass fraction), provided that the tungsten content in a 1,0 g test portion is not higher than 1,0 % and/or the titanium content is not higher than 0,5 %.

This document specifies a gravimetric method for the determination of the silicon content in steel and cast iron. The method is applicable to silicon contents between 0,10 % (mass fraction) and 5,0 % {mass fraction). NOTE For samples containing molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, zirconium or high levels of chromium, the results are less accurate than for unalloyed matrixes.

This document specifies a method for the liquid penetrant testing of steel castings.

1.1 This document covers the acceptance criteria for the visual testing of the surface of steel and iron castings. 1.2 Acceptance levels utilize Bureau de Normalisation des Industries de la Fonderie (BNIF) and Steel Castings Research and Trade Association (SCRATA) or Casting Technology International (CTI) reference comparators for the visual determination of surface roughness and surface discontinuities described as follows: — surface roughness; — thermal dressing; — mechanical dressing; — non-metallic inclusions; — gas porosity; — fusion discontinuities; — expansion discontinuities; — metal inserts.

This document specifies a micrographic method of determining apparent ferritic or austenitic grain size in steels. It describes the methods of revealing grain boundaries and of estimating the mean grain size of specimens with unimodal size distribution. Although grains are three-dimensional in shape, the metallographic sectioning plane can cut through a grain at any point from a grain corner, to the maximum diameter of the grain, thus producing a range of apparent grain sizes on the two-dimensional plane, even in a sample with a perfectly consistent grain size.

This document specifies switch and crossing rails that carry railway wheels as specified in ISO 5003. These are used in conjunction with flat bottom (vignole) railway rails. After switch and crossing rails are produced, in order to be ready for railway track use, secondary processing (forging, grinding and heat treatment etc.) is carried out. This document does not include secondary processing. Secondary processing is specified in other standards or through agreements between manufacturer and purchaser. Sixteen pearlitic steel grades are specified, covering a hardness range of 200 HBW to 440 HBW, and include non-heat-treated carbon manganese steels, non-heat-treated alloy steels, heat-treated carbon manganese and heat-treated low

This document specifies technical requirements for ribbed bars to be used as reinforcement in concrete. It is applicable to steel delivered in the form of bars, coils and de-coiled products. This document covers both weldable and non-weldable steels. It does not apply to ribbed bars produced from finished products, such as plates and railway rails. The production process is at the discretion of the manufacturer.

This document specifies tool steel compositions for castings. NOTE Annex A gives information on ISO grade designation and available UNS numbers which are similar to the ISO grade designation.

This document specifies the minimum requirements for steel strip of carbon over 0,25 %, in coils and cut lengths. The product is applicable to highly stressed parts of many different types and is characterized by close dimensional tolerances and controlled surface finishes. The steel strip is produced in a number of types and surface finishes to be compatible with differing applications requirements. This document does not apply to alloy steels or stainless steels.

This document specifies the requirements for weldable high yield strength plates and wide flats for cold forming. It does not apply to weldable structural steels, whether or not of special quality, which are covered by other International Standards, namely: — structural steels: ISO 630 (all parts); — high yield strength flat steel products: ISO 4950-1, ISO 4950-2 and ISO 4950-3; — hot-rolled steel sheet of higher yield strength with improved formability: ISO 5951; — sheet and strip: refer to ISO/TC 17, Steel, SC 12, Continuous mill flat rolled products; — tubular products; refer to ISO/TC 5, Ferrous metal pipes and metallic fittings, SC 1, Steel tubes.