ISO/TC 79 - Light metals and their alloys

This document specifies requirements for the manufacture and technical delivery conditions of plate, sheet and strip made from titanium and titanium alloys.

This document specifies general requirements for the manufacture and technical delivery conditions of strips made from titanium and titanium alloys for welded tubes.

This document specifies the tolerances on form and dimensions of wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy drawn round tubes (seamless and porthole). This document is applicable to cold-drawn round tubes.

This document specifies the tolerances on dimensions and shape of wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy extruded profiles with a cross-section contained within a circumscribing circle not greater than 800 mm. It is applicable to extruded profiles for general engineering applications only.

This document specifies tolerances on form and dimensions for wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy drawn round bars and wires having diameters in the range of from 1 mm to 100 mm inclusive. The tolerances on diameter specified in this document are symmetric plus and minus tolerances. For wires, this document does not apply to electrical, welding and aeronautical purposes. For drawn bars, 4.1 to 4.5 apply, and only 4.1 and 4.2 apply to drawn wires.

This document specifies the tolerances on dimensions and shape of the following: — wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy extruded round bars, having diameters in the range from 8 mm up to 350 mm; — wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy extruded square and hexagonal bars, having widths across flats in the range from 10 mm up to 220 mm. It is applicable to extruded round, square and hexagonal bars.

This document specifies the tolerances on form and dimensions of wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy drawn square and hexagonal bars and wires with widths across flats up to and including 100 mm. For wires, this document does not apply to electrical, welding and aeronautical purposes. For drawn bars, 4.1 to 4.5 apply, and only 4.1 applies to drawn wires.

This document specifies the tolerances on dimensions and shape of wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy extruded rectangular bars, having thicknesses in the range from 2 mm up to 240 mm and widths in the range from 10 mm up to 600 mm. It is applicable to extruded rectangular bars.

This document specifies the mechanical properties of wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy rods/bars, tubes and wires for general engineering applications (except aeronautical rivets). It is applicable to products which are extruded and then cold drawn. It does not apply to: — products which are rolled and then cold drawn, including seam-welded tubes; — forging stock, wire for drawing stock; — drawn wires for aeronautical application, electrical or welding purposes.

This document specifies the mechanical properties of wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy extruded rods/bars, tubes, and profiles for general engineering applications. It is applicable to extruded products.

This document specifies the chemical composition of wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys.

This document specifies the technical conditions for the inspection and delivery of wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys rods/bars, tubes and wires for general engineering applications. It is applicable to products which are extruded and then cold drawn. It does not apply to: — products which are rolled and then cold drawn, including seam-welded tubes; — forging stock, wire for drawing stock; — drawn wires for aeronautical application, electrical or welding purposes.

This document specifies the tolerances on form and dimensions of wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy drawn rectangular bars and wires with thicknesses ranging from 2 mm up to and including 60 mm and widths up to and including 200 mm. For wires, this document does not apply to electrical, welding and aeronautical purposes. For drawn bars, 5.1 to 5.4 apply, and only 5.1 applies to drawn wires.

This document specifies the technical conditions for inspection and delivery of wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy rods/bars, tubes and profiles for general engineering applications. It is applicable to extruded products, but does not apply to the following: — forging stock; — extruded precision profiles in alloys A6060 and A6063; — products delivered in coils; — coiled tubes cut to lengths.

This document specifies methods for specifying decorative and protective organic coatings on aluminium and its alloys. It defines the characteristic properties of organic liquid coatings and provides testing methods with minimum performance requirements, with reference to the application and the aggressiveness of the environment in which the painted aluminium exists. This document is applicable to aluminium products with liquid coatings for general applications, and liquid coatings mainly processed by electrostatic liquid spraying, air spraying or airless spraying. This document does not apply to coil coatings on aluminium.

This document specifies methods for specifying decorative and protective powder coatings on aluminium and its alloys. It defines the characteristic properties of powder coatings and provides testing methods with minimum performance requirements, with reference to the application and the aggressiveness of the environment in which the coated aluminium exists. This document does not apply to coil coatings on aluminium.

This document specifies an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometric method for the determination of nickel contents between 0,000 2 % (mass fraction) and 0,2 % (mass fraction) in magnesium and magnesium alloys.

This document specifies a designation system of titanium and titanium alloys in terms of their chemical composition and impurities contents.

This document specifies methods for the measurement of specular reflectance and specular gloss of flat samples of anodized aluminium using geometries of 20° (Method A), 45° (Method B), 60° (Method C) and 85° (Method D) and of specular reflectance by an additional 45° method (Method E) employing a narrow acceptance angle. The methods described are intended mainly for use with clear anodized surfaces. They can be used with colour-anodized aluminium, but only with similar colours.

This document specifies the chemical composition of cast unalloyed magnesium. It specifies classification, designation, testing rules, marking, packing, transportation, storage, and information subject to agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. This document applies to cast unalloyed magnesium produced by the silicon-thermo process or molten salt electrolysis process.

This document specifies requirements for hard anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys, including test methods. It also specifies the information to be supplied by the customer to the anodizer (see Annex A). It is not applicable to coatings produced by processes such as those referred to as plasma electrolytic oxidation, micro-arc oxidation, plasma-chemical anodic oxidation, anodic spark deposition or spark anodizing.

This document specifies chemical composition, mechanical properties, dimension and shape tolerance, heat treatment and the technical conditions for inspection and delivery of rolled magnesium and magnesium alloy plates and sheets. It is applicable to rolled magnesium and magnesium alloy plates and sheets.

This document specifies the technical conditions for inspection and delivery of wrought magnesium and magnesium alloy rods/bars and tubes for general engineering applications. It is applicable to wrought magnesium and magnesium alloy extruded round, square and hexagonal rods/bars and seamless round tubes (hereafter referred to as "tubes").

This document specifies a test method using electromotive force test apparatus for assessing the chemical resistance of anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys.

This document specifies a gravimetric method for determining the mass per unit area (surface density) of anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys. The method is applicable to all oxidation coatings formed by anodizing aluminium and its alloys, either cast or wrought, and is suitable for most aluminium alloys, except those in which the mass fraction of copper is greater than 6 %. NOTE 1 A high content of copper in the alloy can lead to increased dissolution of the substrate aluminium. NOTE 2 If the thickness is known with sufficient precision (for example, using the method specified in ISO 2128), the determination of the mass per unit area (surface density) of the coatings will enable its apparent density to be calculated. Conversely, if the conditions of application of the coating and its density are known, the determination of its mass per unit area (surface density) can permit the calculation of the average mass and an approximate evaluation of the thickness (see Clause 9).

This document specifies the grades and the corresponding requirements for magnesium alloy ingots for anodes and for magnesium alloy cast anodes.

This document specifies the methods for the determination of mercury in magnesium and magnesium alloys by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) atomic mass spectrometric analysis and by atomic absorption spectrometric analysis.

This document specifies a visual method for assessing the porosity of the machined surface of aluminium alloy castings. The method does not apply to assessing porosity shown on radiograms.

This document specifies the chemical composition and mechanical properties of magnesium and magnesium alloys for wrought products in the form of bars and solid sections, tubes and hollow sections, forgings, and plate and sheet.

This document specifies test methods for the determination of the breakdown voltage and withstand voltage of anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys, on flat or near-flat surfaces and on round wire. The methods are applicable to anodic oxidation coatings used primarily as electrical insulators. The methods are not applicable to coatings in the vicinity of cut edges, the edges of holes, or sharp changes of angle on, for example, extruded shapes. NOTE 1 Breakdown voltage and withstand voltage are affected by relative humidity. NOTE 2 The methods described do not give satisfactory results for unsealed coatings because they are affected by the humidity in particular.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the surface abrasion resistance of anodic oxidation coatings produced by sulfuric acid anodizing of aluminium and its alloys. It is mainly intended for the evaluation of external architectural coatings. It is a production control method that relies to a large extent on operator experience and instruction.

This document specifies an empirical method for assessing the resistance of anodic oxidation coatings to cracking by deformation. The method is applicable particularly to sheet material with anodic oxidation coatings of thickness less than 5 µm, and is useful for development purposes. NOTE If the test specimen is thick, more than 5 µm of coating can be measured (see Clause 9).

This document specifies a grid rating system that provides a means of defining levels of performance of anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys that have been subjected to corrosion tests. This rating system is applicable to pitting corrosion resulting from — accelerated tests, — exposure to corrosive environments, and — practical service tests. This document takes into account only pitting corrosion of the basis metal resulting from penetration of the protective anodic oxidation coating. NOTE 1 ISO 8993[1] describes a similar rating system based on defined chart scales. NOTE 2 The grid rating system is frequently used for rating the results of short-term corrosion tests for relatively thin anodic oxidation coating, such as those used in the automotive industry.

This document specifies a chart rating system based on standard charts that provides a means of defining levels of performance of anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys that have been subjected to corrosion tests. This rating system is applicable to pitting corrosion resulting from — accelerated tests, — exposure to corrosive environments, and — practical service tests. This document takes into account only pitting corrosion resulting from penetration of the protective anodic oxidation coating.

This document specifies a comparative method for the determination of the fastness of coloured anodic oxidation coatings to ultraviolet (UV) light and heat. The method is not suitable for testing coloured anodic oxidation coatings that are heat sensitive. NOTE Dark-coloured test specimens will normally reach the highest temperatures.

This document specifies a method for checking the continuity of thin anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys by a copper sulfate contact test. The use of this method is limited to anodic oxidation coatings of thickness less than 5 µm or coatings that have been deformed, which includes those produced by coil anodizing techniques. NOTE The method described enables a rapid check to be made for the continuity of a thin coating of aluminium oxidation on aluminium and its alloys. In cases of doubt regarding a visible fault on the surface of a coating, the use of this method makes it possible to verify whether the fault corresponds to a local gap in the coating that exposes bare metal.

This document specifies a method for the determination of lithium contents in magnesium lithium alloys by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) optical emission spectrometry. The method is applicable to the determination of lithium content between 3,0 % and 16,0 % (mass fraction) in magnesium lithium alloys.

This document specifies the following tests: a) abrasive-wheel-wear test, determining the abrasion resistance of anodic oxidation coatings with abrasive wheel on flat specimens of aluminium and its alloys; b) abrasive jet test, determining the comparative abrasion resistance of anodic oxidation coatings with jet of abrasive particles on anodic oxidation coatings of aluminium and its alloys; c) falling sand abrasion test, determining the abrasion resistance of anodic oxidation coatings with falling sand on thin anodic oxidation coatings of aluminium and its alloys. The use of abrasive-wheel-wear test and abrasive jet test for coatings produced by hard anodizing is described in ISO 10074.

ISO 10215:2018 specifies a visual method for determining the image clarity of anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys, using a chart scale and a lightness scale, which are defined. The method is applicable only to flat surfaces that can reflect the image of the chart scale pattern.

ISO 7599:2018 specifies a method for specifying decorative and protective anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium (including aluminium-based alloys). It defines the characteristic properties of anodic oxidation coatings, lists methods of test for checking the characteristic properties, provides minimum performance requirements, and gives information on the grades of aluminium suitable for anodizing and the importance of pretreatment to ensure the required appearance or texture of the finished work. It is not applicable to a) non-porous anodic oxidation coatings of the barrier layer type, b) anodic oxidation coatings produced by chromic acid or phosphoric acid anodizing, c) anodic oxidation coatings intended merely to prepare the substrate for subsequent application of organic coatings or for the electrodeposition of metals, and d) hard anodic oxidation coatings used mainly for engineering purposes, for which abrasion and wear resistance are the primary characteristics (see ISO 10074).

ISO 2931:2017 specifies a method for assessing the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys by measurement of the admittance. The method is applicable to anodic oxidation coatings sealed in an aqueous medium. NOTE 1 Results obtained from anodic oxidation coatings sealed by different methods, e.g. hydrothermal sealing and cold sealing, are not necessarily comparable. NOTE 2 Results obtained from anodic oxidation coatings on alloys containing more than 2 % silicon or 5 % manganese or 3 % magnesium are not comparable with results obtained from anodic oxidation coatings on more dilute alloys. The method is suitable for use as a production-control test and as an acceptance test where there is agreement between the anodizer and the customer. Any type of anodized component can be tested by the method described, provided that there is a sufficient area (a circle of diameter about 20 mm) and that the film thickness is greater than 3 µm.

ISO 3210:2017 specifies methods of assessing the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys by measurement of the loss of mass after immersion in acid solution(s). It consists of the following two methods. - Method 1: Assessment of quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by measurement of the loss of mass after immersion in a phosphoric acid based solution without prior acid treatment. - Method 2: Assessment of quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by measurement of the loss of mass after immersion in a phosphoric acid based solution with prior acid treatment. Method 1 is applicable to anodic oxidation coatings intended for decorative or protective purposes or where resistance to staining is important. Method 2 is applicable to anodic oxidation coatings intended for outdoor architectural purposes. For less severe applications, Method 1 can be more suitable. The methods are not applicable to the following: - hard-type anodic oxidation coatings which normally are not sealed; - anodic oxidation coatings that have been sealed only in dichromate solutions; - anodic oxidation coatings produced in chromic acid solutions; - anodic oxidation coatings that have undergone treatment to render them hydrophobic. NOTE 1 The methods assess the quality of hydrothermal sealing applied to anodized aluminium. They can be appropriate for other sealing methods. NOTE 2 The methods are destructive and can serve as reference methods in case of doubt or dispute regarding the results of the test for loss of absorptive power (see ISO 2143) or the measurement of admittance (see ISO 2931).

ISO 2143 specifies a method of estimating the loss of absorptive power of anodic oxidation coatings that have undergone a sealing treatment, by dye absorption after acid pretreatment. The method is suitable for use as a production control method and can be applicable to anodic oxidation coatings which may be subjected to weathering or aggressive environments, or where resistance to staining is important. The method is not applicable to those coatings that a) are formed on alloys containing more than 2 % copper or 4 % silicon, b) are sealed by the dichromate process, c) have been given supplementary processing, e.g. oiling, waxing or lacquering, d) are coloured in deep shades, and e) are less than 3 μm thickness. The method is less appropriate where nickel or cobalt salts, or organic additives, have been added to baths used for hydrothermal sealing.

ISO 10216 specifies an instrumental method for determining the image clarity of anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys by measuring reflection from the surface with the help of a sliding combed shutter. The test can only be applied to a flat surface which can reflect the image onto the limited combed shutter and photo-receiver. This method can also be used to measure the optical evenness of anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys.

ISO 2135 specifies an accelerated test method for assessing the fastness, using artificial light, of coloured anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys. For evaluating light fastness on exterior exposure, only outdoor exposure under conditions comparable with actual service is completely satisfactory. Accelerated testing is suitable as a quality-control test of coloured anodic oxidation coatings whose light fastness number has already been established by means of outdoor exposure testing. The method is applicable to coloured anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys produced by any means and for any purpose. However, the method is not suitable for the measurement of coloured coatings with a light fastness number already established by means of outdoor exposure testing and of less than 6.

ISO 16220:2017 specifies the chemical composition of magnesium alloy ingots and castings. It also specifies the mechanical properties of separately cast samples of these alloys (see Clause 7). By agreement, it also specifies the mechanical properties of magnesium alloy castings determined from samples cut from a casting.

ISO 18762:2016 specifies requirements for the manufacture of welded tubes made from titanium or titanium alloys, for use in condensers and heat exchangers.

In conjunction with ISO 6361-1, ISO 6361-2:2014 specifies the mechanical properties of wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy sheets, strips, and plates for general engineering applications. It applies to flat-rolled products.

ISO 6361-3:2014 specifies the tolerances on shape and dimensions for wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy strip by cold-rolling for general engineering applications. It applies to products with thickness of over 0,15 mm up to, and including 16 mm. It does not apply to semi-finished rolled products in coiled form to be subjected to further rolling (reroll stock), or to special products such as those that are corrugated or embossed. Technical conditions for inspection and delivery of products covered by ISO 6361-3:2014 are specified in ISO 6361‑1.

ISO 6361-4:2014 specifies the tolerances on shape and dimensions for wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy sheet and plate by hot-rolling or cold-rolling for general engineering applications. It applies to products with a thickness over 0,15 mm up to and including 203 mm. It does not apply to semi-finished rolled products in coiled form to be subjected to further rolling (reroll stock) or to special products, such as those that are corrugated or embossed. Technical conditions for inspection and delivery of products covered by ISO 6361-4:2014 are specified in ISO 6361‑1.