ISS EIT.ERE - All-or-nothing electrical relays

This part of IEC 61810, with functional and safety aspects, applies to electromechanical
elementary relays (non-specified time all-or-nothing relays) with high capability requirements
like breaking or short circuit capabilities and similar for incorporation into low-voltage
equipment. These relays may have a specific design to extinguish the electric arc between
contacts (e.g. by magnetic blow-out), or use an insulation coordination not covered by
IEC 61810-1 (e.g. by gas filled contact chambers), or require safety assessments not covered
by IEC 61810-1 (e.g. for higher loads).
It defines additional requirements for high-capacity relays with generic performance intended
for use in applications in smart grids, electric vehicles and other applications where, for
example, battery charge/discharge switching is used, such as:
• electrical energy storage (EES) systems,
• solar photovoltaic energy systems,
• electric road vehicles (EV) and electric industrial trucks,
• power electronic systems and equipment,
• secondary cells and batteries,
• road vehicles.
Compliance with the requirements of this standard is verified by the type tests indicated.

This part of IEC 61810 applies to electromechanical elementary relays with reed switches (reed
contacts) incorporated into general control circuits. It defines the basic functional and safety
requirements in all areas of electrical engineering or electronics in accordance with the parts of
IEC 61810 series and IEC 62246 series.
This document defines technical deviations/additions to IEC 61810-1. It specifies type tests,
routine tests, special tests and environmental tests to confirm the service conditions for
applications.
NOTE The terms reed switch(es) and reed contact(s) are both in use for the description of the contact set in reed
relays.

EN-IEC 60255-181 specifies the minimum requirements for functional and performance evaluation of frequency protection. This document also defines how to document and publish performance test results. This document covers the functions based on frequency measurement or rate of change of frequency measurements. This document also covers frequency protection where additional blocking elements are used. This document defines the influencing factors that affect the accuracy under steady state conditions and performance characteristics during dynamic conditions. The test methodologies for verifying performance characteristics and accuracy are also included in this document. This functional document is applicable to frequency functions embedded in a protection relay but also to other physical devices which include frequency protection in their functionality (for example, trip units in a low-voltage circuit breaker or inverters associated with photovoltaic or storage systems). This document does not cover synchronizing or synchronism-check functions. This document does not specify the functional description of additional features often associated with frequency functions such as undervoltage blocking, df/dt or Δ f/Δ t supervision, current supervision or power supervision (f/P function). Only their influence on the frequency protection function is covered in this document. Frequency and rate of change of frequency measurement outputs provided by protection devices are not in the scope of this document. Additionally, this document does not explicitly cover the frequency relays based on current as the input energizing quantity but the principles covered by this document can be extended to provide guidance for these applications. The general requirements for measuring relays and protection equipment are defined in IEC 60255-1.

This part of IEC 62246 which is a blank detail specification defines requirements and tests for
reed switches for use in general and industrial applications.
This document is intended to be used in conjunction with IEC 62246-1:2015 and specific
products standards applying as switching elements.
This document selects from IEC 62246-1:2015 and from other sources the appropriate test
procedures to be used in detail specifications derived from this specification.
Reed switch types are specified depending on characteristic values including functional
ratings for safety and tests.
NOTE Mercury wetted reed switches are not covered by this document due to their possible environmental impact.

2018-04 AJC - IEC published corrigendum.

This part of IEC 61810 covers test conditions and provisions for the evaluation of endurance
tests using appropriate statistical methods to obtain reliability characteristics for relays.
This document applies to electromechanical elementary relays considered as non-repaired
items (i.e. items which are not repaired after failure).
The lifetime of a relay is usually expressed in number of cycles (CTF). Therefore, whenever
the terms “time” or “duration” are used in IEC 61649, they carry the meaning “cycles”.
However, with a given frequency of operation, the number of cycles can be transformed into
respective times (e.g. times to failure (TTF)).
The failure criteria and the resulting characteristics of elementary relays describing their
reliability in normal use are specified in this document. A relay failure occurs when the
specified failure criteria are met.
As the failure rate for elementary relays cannot be considered as constant, particularly due to
wear-out mechanisms, the cycles to failure of tested items typically show a Weibull
distribution. This document provides numerical and graphical methods to calculate
approximate values for the two-parameter Weibull distribution, as well as lower confidence
limits and a method for confirmation of reliability values with the WeiBayes method.
This document does not cover procedures for electromechanical elementary relays where
enhanced requirements for the verification of reliability apply.
NOTE 1 Such reliability test procedures are specified in IEC 61810-2-1. In particular, when electromechanical
elementary relays are intended to be incorporated in safety-related control systems of machinery in accordance
with IEC 62061 and ISO 13849-1, IEC 61810-2-1 defines procedures for the manufacturer to provide B10D values.
NOTE 2 Electromechanical elementary relays with forcibly guided (mechanically linked) contacts according to
IEC 61810-3 offer the possibility of a high diagnostic coverage according to 4.5.3 of ISO 13849-1:2015.

This part of IEC 61810 specifies reliability test procedures for electromechanical elementary
relays when enhanced requirements for the verification of reliability apply.
Particular provisions are given for relays incorporated in safety-related control systems of
machinery in accordance with IEC 62061 and ISO 13849-1. For such relays, B10 values for
dangerous failures (B10D values) are derived from the tests specified in this document.

This part of IEC 61811 applies to electromechanical telecom elementary relays. Relays
according to this standard are provided for the operation in telecommunication applications.
However, as electromechanical elementary relays, they are also suitable for particular
industrial and other applications.
This standard selects from IEC 61810 series and other sources the appropriate methods of test to
be used in detail specifications derived from this specification, and contains basic test
schedules to be used in the preparation of such specifications in accordance with this standard.
Detailed test schedules are contained in the detail specifications.

This part of IEC 62246 which is a generic specification applies to all types of reed switches
including magnetically biased reed switches of assessed quality for use in general and
industrial applications.
NOTE 1 Mercury wetted reed switches are not covered by this standard due to their possible environmental
impact.
It lists the tests and measurement procedures which may be selected for use in detail
specifications for such reed switches.
This standard applies to reed switches which are operated by an applied magnetic field; it is
not restricted to any particular type of contact load.
For elementary relays with reed switches, this standard is recommended to be used together
with the standards IEC 61810-1, IEC 61811-1 as applicable.
For applications of reed switches, this standard is recommended to be used together with
specific product standards.
NOTE 2 Where any discrepancies occur for any reasons, documents rank in the following order of authority:
a) the detail specification,
b) the sectional specification,
c) the generic specification,
d) any other international documents (for example, of the IEC) to which reference is made.
The same order of precedence applies to equivalent national documents.

This part of IEC 61810 specifies special requirements and tests for elementary relays with
forcibly guided contacts, also known as mechanically linked contacts. These special
requirements apply in addition to the general requirements of IEC 61810-1.
NOTE 1 This standard does not apply to electromechanical control circuit devices as described in IEC 60947-5-1.
NOTE 2 IEC 61810-2-1 provides guidelines for the assignment of reliability values.
NOTE 3 Contacts that are not mechanically linked (forcibly guided) are not considered in this standard.

This part of IEC 61810 applies to electromechanical elementary relays (non-specified time allor-
nothing relays) for incorporation into low voltage equipment (circuits up to 1 000 V
alternate current or 1 500 V direct current). It defines the basic functional and safety
requirements and safety-related aspects for applications in all areas of electrical engineering
or electronics, such as:
• general industrial equipment,
• electrical facilities,
• electrical machines,
• electrical appliances for household and similar use,
• information technology and business equipment,
• building automation equipment,
• automation equipment,
• electrical installation equipment,
• medical equipment,
• control equipment,
• telecommunications,
• vehicles,
• transportation (e.g. railways).
Compliance with the requirements of this standard is verified by the type tests indicated.
In case the application of a relay determines additional requirements exceeding those
specified in this standard, the relay should be assessed in line with this application in
accordance with the relevant IEC standard(s) (e.g. IEC 60730-1, IEC 60335-1, IEC 60950-1).

EN IEC 60255-121 specifies minimum requirements for functional and performance evaluation of distance protection function typically used in, but not limited to, line applications for effectively earthed, three-phase power systems. This standard also defines how to document and publish performance tests. This standard covers distance protection function whose operating characteristic can be defined on an impedance plane and includes specification of the protection function, measurement characteristics, phase selection, directionality, starting and time delay characteristics. The test methodologies for verifying performance characteristics and accuracy are included in this standard. The standard defines the influencing factors that affect the accuracy under steady state conditions and performance characteristics during dynamic conditions. It also includes the instrument transformer requirements for the protection function.

EN IEC 60255-27 describes the product safety requirements for measuring relays and protection equipment having a rated a.c. voltage up to 1 000 V with a rated frequency up to 65 Hz, or a rated d.c. voltage up to 1 500 V. Above these limits, IEC 60664-1 is applicable for the determination of clearance, creepage distance and withstand test voltage. This standard details essential safety requirements to minimize the risk of fire and hazards caused by electric shock or injury to the user. This standard does not cover the safety requirements of installations. It does cover all the ways in which the equipment may be mounted and used in cubicles, racks and panels, and also retesting. This standard also applies to auxiliary devices such as shunts, series resistors, transformers, etc., that are used in conjunction with measuring relays and protection equipment and are tested together. Ancillary equipment used in conjunction with measuring relays and protection equipment may need to comply with additional safety requirements. This standard is intended to describe only product safety requirements; therefore, functional performance of the equipment is not covered. Functional safety requirements, including EMC functional safety, are not covered by this standard. Functional safety risk analysis is not within the scope of this product safety standard. This standard does not specify the implementation of individual equipment, circuits and components. The object of this standard is to have a comprehensive standard that covers all aspects of product safety and the related type and routine tests, for measuring relays and protection equipment. This standard applies to equipment designed to be safe at least under the following environmental conditions: - indoor use; - altitude up to 2 000 m, in accordance with IEC 60255-1; - external operating temperature range, in accordance with IEC 60255-1; - maximum external relative humidity 95 %, non-condensing, in accordance with IEC 60255-1; - supply fluctuations in accordance with IEC 60255-1; - applicable supply overvoltage category; - external pollution degree 1 and external pollution degree 2. The equipment will normally be installed in a restricted access area within a power station, substation or industrial/retail environment. The environmental conditions specified for the equipment in IEC 60255-1 apply. This standard considers the normal environmental conditions of corrosion caused by humidity but does not cover corrosion by atmospheric pollution. It is assumed that access to the equipment during installation, maintenance, normal service and decommissioning is restricted to users aware of working procedures necessary to ensure safety.

This part of the IEC 60255 series is applicable to measuring relays and protection equipment, taking into account combinations of devices to form schemes for power system protection including the control, monitoring, communication and process interface equipment used with those systems. This standard specifies the requirements for electromagnetic compatibility for measuring relays and protection equipment. Tests specified in this standard are not required for equipment not incorporating electronic circuits, for example electromechanical relays. The requirements specified in this standard are applicable to measuring relays and protection equipment in a new condition and all tests specified are type tests only.

IEC 60255-127 specifies minimum requirements for over/under voltage relays. The standard includes specification of the protection function, measurement characteristics and time delay characteristics. This standard defines the influencing factors that affect the accuracy under steady state conditions and performance characteristics during dynamic conditions. The test methodologies for verifying performance characteristics and accuracy are also included in this standard.

This part of the IEC 60255 series is applicable to measuring relays and protection equipment, taking into account combinations of devices to form schemes for power system protection including the control, monitoring, communication and process interface equipment used with those systems. This standard specifies the requirements for electromagnetic compatibility for measuring relays and protection equipment. Tests specified in this standard are not required for equipment not incorporating electronic circuits, for example electromechanical relays. The requirements specified in this standard are applicable to measuring relays and protection equipment in a new condition and all tests specified are type tests only.

This part of the IEC 60255 series specifies minimum requirements for thermal protection relays. This standard includes specification of the protection function, measurement characteristics and test methodologies. The object of this standard is to establish a common and reproducible reference for evaluating dependent time relays which protect equipment from thermal damage by measuring a.c. current flowing through the equipment. Complementary input energizing quantities such as ambient, coolant, top oil and winding temperature may be applicable for the thermal protection specification set forth in this standard. This standard covers protection relays based on a thermal model with memory function. The test methodologies for verifying performance characteristics of the thermal protection function and accuracy are also included in this Standard. This standard does not intend to cover the thermal overload protection trip classes indicated in IEC 60947-4-1 and IEC 60947-4-2, related to electromechanical and electronic protection devices for low voltage motor-starters.

Will supersede EN 62246-1:2002

This part of the IEC 61812 applies to time relays for industrial applications (e.g. control, automation, signal and industrial equipment). It also applies to time relays for automatic electrical controls for use in, on, or in association with equipment for residential and similar use. The term “relay” as used in this standard comprises all types of relays with specified time functions, other than measuring relays.

This part of IEC 60255 specifies common rules and requirements applicable to measuring relays and protection equipment including any combination of devices to form schemes for power system protection such as control, monitoring and process interface equipment in order to obtain uniformity of requirements and tests. All measuring relays and protection equipment used for protection within the power system environment are covered by this standard. Other standards in this series may define their own requirements which in such cases shall take precedence. For special applications (marine, aerospace, explosive atmospheres, computers, etc.), the general requirements within this standard may need to be enhanced by additional special requirements. The requirements are applicable only to relays in new condition. All tests in this standard are type tests, unless otherwise declared.

This part of IEC 60255 specifies minimum requirements for over/under current relays. This standard includes a specification of the protection function, measurement characteristics and time delay characteristics. This part of IEC 60255 defines the influencing factors that affect the accuracy under steady state conditions and performance characteristics during dynamic conditions. The test methodologies for verifying performance characteristics and accuracy are also included in this standard. The over/under current functions covered by this standard are the following: IEEE/ANSI C37.2 IEC 61850-7-4 Function Numbers Logical nodes Instantaneous phase overcurrent protection 50 PIOC Time delayed phase overcurrent protection 51 PTOC Instantaneous earth fault protection 50N/50G PIOC Time delayed earth fault protection 51N/51G PTOC Negative sequence overcurrent or current unbalance protection 46 PTOC Phase undercurrent protection 37 PTUC Voltage-dependent overcurrent protection 51V PVOC This standard excludes thermal electrical relays as specified in IEC 60255-8. General requirements for measuring relays and protection equipment are specified in IEC 60255-1.

This part of IEC 61810 applies to electromechanical elementary relays (non-specified time allor- nothing relays) for incorporation into equipment. It defines the basic functional requirements and safety-related aspects for applications in all areas of electrical engineering or electronics, such as: - general industrial equipment, - electrical facilities, - electrical machines, - electrical appliances for household and similar use, - information technology and business equipment, - building automation equipment, - automation equipment, electrical installation equipment, - medical equipment, control equipment, - telecommunications, - vehicles, - transportation (e.g. railways). Compliance with the requirements of this standard is verified by the type tests indicated. In case the application of a relay determines additional requirements exceeding those specified in this standard, the relay should be assessed in line with this application in accordance with the relevant IEC standard(s) (e.g. IEC 60730-1, IEC 60335-1, IEC 60950-1).

This International Standard applies to particular all-or-nothing electrical relays denominated solid-state relays intended for performing electrical operations by single step function changes to the state of electric circuits between the OFF-state and the ON-state and vice versa. It is applicable to solid-state relays with rated voltages up to 750 V and with a.c. output current up to 160 A. This standard deals with solid-state relays which are intended for incorporation in other products or equipment. As such, solid state relays are considered to be components and this standard defines the basic safety-related and functional requirements for solid-state relays as stand-alone components. Such solid-state relays are incorporated in products or equipment which themselves have to comply with the relevant product and/or application standard(s) to meet their intended application. The following are examples of such applications: - general industrial equipment; - electrical facilities; - electrical machines; - electrical appliances; - office communications; - building automation and environmental control; - automation and process control; - electrical installation engineering; - medical engineering; - telecommunications; - vehicle engineering; - transportation engineering; - lighting control. Solid state relays are components (not stand alone devices) and as such do not perform a direct function. Therefore, no EMC requirements are included in this standard. Where the application of a solid-state relay determines additional requirements such as EMC and overcurrent protection, the solid-state relay shall be assessed in accordance with the relevant IEC standard(s). Solid-state switching devices with monolithic structures fall within the scope of IEC subcommittee 47E and are not covered in this standard. Semiconductor controllers and contactors fall within the scope of the IEC 60947 series of standards - Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - developed by IEC subcommittee 17B and are not covered in this standard. Compliance with the requirements of this standard is verified by the type tests indicated. The object of this standard is to state: - the characteristics of solid-state relays; - the requirements which solid-state relays shall comply with reference to a) their operation and behaviour; b) their dielectric properties; c) the degrees of protection provided by their enclosures, where applicable; - the tests verifying that the requirements have been met, and the test methods to be adopted; - the information to be given with the solid-state relay or in the manufacturer's documentation.

This International Standard describes the product safety requirements for measuring relays and protection equipment having a rated a.c. voltage up to 1 000 V with a rated frequency up to 65 Hz, or a rated d.c. voltage up to 1 500 V. Above these limits, IEC 60664-1 should be used for the determination of clearance, creepage distance and withstand test voltage. This standard details essential safety requirements to minimize the risk of fire and hazards caused by electric shock or injury to the user. This standard does not cover the safety requirements of installations. It does cover all the ways in which the equipment may be mounted and used in cubicles, racks and panels, and also re-testing. This standard also applies to auxiliary devices such as shunts, series resistors, transformers, etc., solely used and tested together with measuring relays and protection equipment. Ancillary equipment used in conjunction with measuring relays and protection equipment may need to comply with additional safety requirements. This standard is intended to describe only product safety requirements; therefore, functional performance of the equipment is not covered. Functional safety requirements, including EMC functional safety, are not covered by this standard. Functional safety risk analysis is not within the scope of this product safety standard. This standard does not specify individual equipments or implementations of circuits and components. The object of this standard is to have a comprehensive standard that covers all aspects of product safety and the related type and routine tests, for measuring relays and protection equipment.

This part of IEC 61810 states the test and measurement procedures for electromechanical elementary relays. It covers basic considerations which are, in general, common to all types of electromechanical elementary relays. Supplementary requirements may be necessitated by specific designs or application. The test and measurement procedures of this standard are described as individual provisions covering a specific requirement. When combining them in a test programme, care must be taken (for example by suitable grouping of tested relays) to ensure that preceding tests do not devalue subsequent ones. Where in this standard the term "specified" is used, this means a prescription in the appropriate documentation for the relay, for example manufacturer's data sheet, test specification, customer detail specification. For application within the IECQ system such prescriptions are contained in the detail specification as defined in Clause A.7 of QC 001001.

Is based on the generic specification EN 61811-1 and the sectional specification EN 61811-10 and selects from EN 61810-7 the appropriate test and measurement procedures to be used in detail specifications derived from this specification

Is based on the basic relay standard EN 61810-1 as well as on the generic specification EN 61811-1 and selects from EN 61810-7 the appropriate test and measurement procedures to be used in detail specifications derived from this specification

EN following parallel vote * Supersedes EN 116500:1992

Supersedes EN 116501:1992 * EN following parallel vote

EN following parallel vote * Supersedes EN 116504:1995

Supersedes EN 116502:1992 * EN following parallel vote

Same subject as ES 59007:1999 * EN following parallel vote

EN following parallel vote * Supersedes EN 116503:1992 + A1:1995

Relays according to this standard are capable of the loads set out in section 2.4. The relays are circuit breaker compatible. The relays may be delivered with or without screening (assessment level Y or E).

EN following parallel vote

EN following parallel vote * D114/118: CLC/BTTF 63-2 disbanded

This standard includes two types of tests: -the shock test (on energized and non-energized specimen), -the bump test (on non-energized specimen).[
]These requirements are applicable only to measuring relays and protection equipment in a new condition.

Specifies the vibration, shock, bump and seismic tests applicable to electromechanical and static measuring relays and protection equipment, with or without output contacts.

This standard specifies the general performance requirements of all electrical measuring relays and protection equipment used in the electrotechnical fields covered by the IEC. Supersedes IEC 60255-6 (1978) and its first supplement 60255-6 A (1980).

This part includes two types of vibration tests: the vibration response test and the vibration endurance test, and is generally based upon IEC 68-2-6. The requirements are applicable only to measuring relays and protection equipment in a new condition. The tests specified are type tests.

Specifies performance requirements for the subfamily. Forms part of a series dealing with measuring relays with more than one input energizing quantity and for which IEC 60255-6 gives the general requirements.

Specifies performance requirements for the subfamily as shown in the title. This publication forms part of a series dealing with measuring relays with more than one input energizing quantity and for which IEC 60255-6 gives the general requirements.

IEC 60255-22-4:2008 specifies the general requirements for electrical fast transient immunity tests for measuring relays and protection equipment for power system protection, including the control, monitoring and process interface equipment used with these systems. Is based on IEC 61000-4-4. The objective of the tests is to confirm that the equipment under test will operate correctly when energized and subjected to repetitive fast transients (bursts) such as those originating from interrupting of inductive loads, relay contact bounce, etc. The main change with respect to the previous edition is the improvement of the test severity level regarding the repetition rate.

This International Standard applies to particular all-or-nothing electrical relays denominated solid-state relays intended for performing electrical operations by single step function changes to the state of electric circuits between the OFF-state and the ON-state and vice versa.
This document deals with solid-state relays which are intended for incorporation in other products or equipment. As such, solid-state relays are considered to be components and this document defines the basic safety-related and functional requirements for solid-state relays as stand-alone components.
Such solid-state relays are incorporated in products or equipment which themselves have to comply with the relevant product and/or application standard(s) to meet their intended application. The following are examples of such applications:
- general industrial equipment;
- electrical facilities;
- electrical machines;
- electrical appliances;
- office communications;
- building automation and environmental control;
- automation and process control;
- electrical installation engineering;
- medical engineering;
- telecommunications;
- vehicle engineering;
- transportation engineering;
- lighting control.
Where the component is intended to be incorporated into the equipment by the final user without EMC knowledge, an assessment for EMC compliance is available. There are no EMC requirements for solid state relays intended for incorporation into the equipment by the equipment manufacturer, because the performance strongly depends on the application into the equipment.
Solid-state switching devices with monolithic structures fall within the scope of IEC sub195 committee 47E and are not covered in this document.
Semiconductor controllers and contactors fall within the scope of the IEC 60947 series of standards - Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - developed by IEC subcommittee 121A and are not covered in this document.
Compliance with the requirements of this document is verified by the type tests and routine tests indicated.
The object of this document is to state:
- the characteristics of solid-state relays;
- the requirements which solid-state relays shall comply with reference to
a) their operation and behaviour;
b) their 205 dielectric properties;
- the tests verifying that the requirements have been met, and the test methods to be adopted;
- the information to be given with the solid-state relay or in the manufacturer’s documentation.

This part of the IEC 62246 which is a quality assessment specification defines requirements and tests to reed switches for use in general and industrial applications. This standard is intended to be used in conjunction with IEC 62246-1:2011. This standard selects from IEC 62246-1:2011 and from other sources the appropriate test procedures to be used in detail specifications derived from this specification. Reed switch types are specified depending on characteristic values and tests.

This part of IEC 61810 specifies reliability test procedures for electromechanical elementary
relays when enhanced requirements for the verification of reliability apply.
Particular provisions are given for relays incorporated in safety-related control systems of
machinery in accordance with IEC 62061 and ISO 13849-1. For such relays B10 values for
dangerous failures (B10d values) are derived from the tests specified in this standard.
This International Standard is only intended to be used in conjunction with IEC 61810-2.

This part of IEC 61810 covers test conditions and provisions for the evaluation of endurance
tests using appropriate statistical methods to obtain reliability characteristics for relays. It
should be used in conjunction with IEC 61649.
This International Standard applies to electromechanical elementary relays considered as
non-repaired items (i.e. items which are not repaired after failure), whenever a random
sample of items is subjected to a test of cycles to failure (CTF).
The lifetime of a relay is usually expressed in number of cycles. Therefore, whenever the
terms “time” or “duration” are used in IEC 61649, this term should be understood to mean
“cycles”. However, with a given frequency of operation, the number of cycles can be
transformed into respective times (e.g. times to failure (TTF)).
The failure criteria and the resulting characteristics of elementary relays describing their
reliability in normal use are specified in this standard. A relay failure occurs when the
specified failure criteria are met.
As the failure rate for elementary relays cannot be considered as constant, particularly due to
wear-out mechanisms, the times to failure of tested items typically show a Weibull
distribution. This standard provides both numerical and graphical methods to calculate
approximate values for the two-parameter Weibull distribution, as well as lower confidence
limits.