SKA - Switchgear and control gear

IEC 62683-2-2:2025 specifies the building information modelling (BIM) with the physical characteristics and technical services of low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies to be used mainly for the construction phase of the building and also for delivering data for operation.
This document covers all types of assemblies covered by the IEC 61439 series which can be installed in a building.
Busbar trunking systems defined by IEC 61439-6 are under consideration for a next edition.
These BIM object models, registered in IEC CDD, are intended to supply the process defined by ISO 16739 series.
This document does not cover:
– the build-in components included within the assembly such as switchgear and controlgear,
– safety related control system of machinery,
– the detailed electrical and mechanical configuration of the assembly
– logistic information.

IEC 63208:2025 This document applies to the main functions of switchgear and controlgear and their assemblies, called equipment, in the context of operational technology (OT 3.1.34). It is applicable to equipment with wired or wireless data communication means and their physical accessibility, within their limits of environmental conditions. It is intended to achieve the appropriate physical and cybersecurity mitigation against vulnerabilities to security threats.
This document provides requirements on the appropriate:
– security risk assessment to be developed including the attack levels, the typical threats, the impact assessment and the relationship with safety;
– levels of exposure of the communication interface and the determination of the equipment security level;
– assessment of the exposure level of the communication interfaces;
– assignment of the required security measures for the equipment;
– countermeasures for the physical access and the environment derived from ISO/IEC 27001;
– countermeasures referring to IEC 62443-4-2 with their criteria of applicability;
– user instructions for installation, operation and maintenance;
– conformance verification and testing, and – security protection profiles by family of equipment (Annex E to Annex I).
In particular, it focuses on potential vulnerabilities to threats resulting in:
– unintended operation, which can lead to hazardous situations;
– unavailability of the protective functions (overcurrent, earth fault, etc.);
– other degradation of main function.
It also provides guidance on the cybersecurity management with the:
– roles and responsibilities (Table 4);
– typical architectures (Annex A);
– use cases (Annex B);
– development methods (Annex C);
– recommendations to be provided to users and for integration into an assembly (Annex D);
– bridging references to cybersecurity management systems (Annex K).
This document does not cover security requirements for:
– information technology (IT);
– industrial automation and control systems (IACS), engineering workstations and their software applications;
– critical infrastructure or energy management systems;
– network device (communication network switch or virtual private network terminator), or
– data confidentiality other than for critical security parameters;
– design lifecycle management. For this aspect, see IEC 62443-4-1, ISO/IEC 27001 or other security lifecycle management standards.

IEC 61095:2023 is available as IEC 61095:2023 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.

IEC 61095:2023 applies to electromechanical air break contactors for household and similar purposes provided with main contacts intended to be connected to circuits the rated voltage of which does not exceed 440 V AC (between phases) with rated operational currents less than or equal to 63 A for utilization category AC-7a, and 32 A for utilization categories AC‑7b, AC‑7c and AC-7d (expressed in rated power), and rated conditional short-circuit current less than or equal to 6 kA. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2009. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) addition of requirements for screwless terminals;
b) addition of requirements for the switching of LED lamps. Contactors for domestic and similar applications can be used for controlling lighting loads which is increasingly using LED lamp technology. A specific category for contactors is created: AC-7d. Requirements and tests are added to cover this market development, mainly for making and breaking and conventional operational performance;
c) addition of requirements for contactors with electronically controlled electromagnet. Household contactors with electronically controlled electromagnet are available for years on the market. To fully cover such device, requirements and tests are added, dealing mainly with operating limits, behaviour in abnormal conditions, breakdown of components, EMC tests, etc.
d) embedded software. More and more contactors are incorporating electronic circuits with embedded software. A reference is provided to guide the design of the software.

IEC 60947-4-1:2023 is applicable to the following equipment:
- electromechanical contactors and starters including motor protective switching devices (MPSD and IMPSD);
- actuators of contactor relays;
- contacts dedicated exclusively to the coil circuit of the contactor or the contactor relay;
- dedicated accessories (e.g. dedicated wiring, dedicated latch accessory);
intended to be connected to distribution circuits, motors circuits and other load circuits, the rated voltage of which does not exceed 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2018. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) objective in the scope;
b) instantaneous only motor protective switching device IMPSD (3.5.33);
c) kinds of equipment (5.2.1);
d) methods of overload protection of motors (5.2.6);
e) adoption of the AC-7d from IEC 61095:2023 (in 5.4.2);
f) separately mounted overload relay of a starter (in 5.7.3 b));
g) starter and contactor suitable for use downstream to basic drive module (6.1.2 w));
h) reference to IEC TS 63058 for environmental aspects (in 6.4);
i) wiring subject to movement (in 8.1.3);
j) use of voltage transient limiting device (8.1.18);
k) accessible parts subject to temperature limits (in 8.2.2.3);
l) reference to Annex X of IEC 60947-1:2020 for the co-ordination of MPSD with SCPD (8.2.5.4);
m) reference to IEC TR 63216 with different EMC environments (8.3.1);
n) reference to IEC TR 63201 for the embedded software design (8.4);
o) reference to IEC TS 63208 for cybersecurity aspects (8.5);
p) update and completion of the measurement method of the power consumption of the electromagnet (9.3.3.2.1.2);
q) update of Annex C including rational about AC-3e;
r) determination of the critical load current for photovoltaic applications (M.8.7).

IEC 60947-5-7:2024 states the requirements for proximity devices that correspond to the scope of IEC 60947-5-2:2019 with analog output (PDAO) and/or a digital output to transmit a corresponding digital value representing the detected sensing input. These devices can provide additional parameters.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2003. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) New structure;
b) Update and expansion of definitions on analog output properties;
c) Expanded performance requirements on analog output;
d) Update and new normative references;
e) Update of EMC requirements;
f) Harmonization with IEC 62828 series;
g) Harmonization with IEC 62683 and IEC 61987 definitions;
h) Harmonization with IEC 61131-2 requirements;
i) Update of the Annex A (former Annex G), Example of the determination of the conformity;
j) New Annex B, Overview tests and influence quantities;
k) New Annex C, Additional requirements for proximity switches with analog output incorporating a built-in communication interface complying with IEC 61131-9;
l) New Annex D, Main characteristics for proximity devices with analog output.

IEC 62626-1:2023 is available as IEC 62626-1:2023 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.

IEC 62626-1:2023 applies to enclosed switches-disconnectors with rated voltages up to 1 000 V AC for repair and maintenance work or cleaning work in load circuits. Devices within the scope of this document are switch-disconnectors in accordance with IEC 60947-3 with specific additional requirements. Enclosed switch-disconnectors in this document are suitable for isolation in accordance with the IEC 60947 series and are not equipped with means for remote control or automatic switching to avoid unexpected or accidental start. These devices are not used for operational switching, for example quick start and stop, jogging. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) update of this document based on IEC 60947-1:2020.

This document covers internal arc-fault control devices, hereinafter referred to as IACD, which
are intended to:
- detect internal arc-faults in low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies, by
processing (at a minimum) the optical effect of an internal arc-fault, and
- operate mitigation device (either external or combined)
in order to minimize the effects of the internal arc-fault (see Figure 1).
For the purpose of this document the terms "light" or "optical" covers more than visible spectra.
They may cover also, for example, infrared or ultraviolet electromagnetic radiations (see
Annex D).
For combined-type IACD, this document is considered in addition to the relevant product
standard for internal arc-fault mitigation devices (IARD per IEC TS 63107:2020). Compliance
to the relevant product standard is mandatory and cannot be claimed by testing to this document
alone.
NOTE 1 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies are usually described by IEC 61439 series.
[Figure 1]
Therefore, this document covers the following:
- internal arc-fault control device (stand-alone, multifunction or combined);
- one or more associated sensor(s) used to detect optical effect of the internal arc-fault;
- sensor(s), sensing another physical effect, to confirm the fault;
- associated or combined mitigation device.
An IACD is not intended to trigger under normal operation of low-voltage switchgear and
controlgear (i.e. absence of internal arc-fault), including normal arcing associated with
operation of disconnecting and switching devices.
This document only covers the following methods:
- optical detection of the light caused by an internal arc-fault;
- optional confirmation of internal arc-fault by line current measurement.
Many different conductive materials could be used in LV assemblies (e.g. steel, copper,
aluminium). Nevertheless, tests specified in this document are deemed to represent the most
critical and challenging conditions for arc-detection and cover all combinations of conductive
materials.
NOTE 2 Compared to other materials (e.g. steel, aluminium), copper leads to a lower optical radiation energy.
The rated voltage of the assembly in which an IACD is installed does not exceed 1 000 V AC.
Such devices are designed to be operated and maintained by skilled persons only.
This document does not cover:
- DC internal arc-fault detection and control;
- overcurrent relays;
- AFDD (arc-fault detection devices) as defined by IEC 62606;
- guidance on installation within assemblies;
NOTE 3 The integration of an IACD into an assembly is described in IEC TS 63107.
- use with additional measures needed for installation and operation within explosive
atmospheres. These are given in IEC 60079 series documents;
- requirements for embedded software and firmware design rules; for this subject, the
manufacturer is responsible for taking additional safety measures;
NOTE 4 IEC TR 63201 describes rules for firmware and embedded software development preventing errors in
software.
- cybersecurity aspects; for this subject, the manufacturer is responsible for taking additional
safety measures;
NOTE 5 See IEC TS 63208.
- mobile applications.
NOTE 6 Even when addressing internal arc-fault mitigation devices, this document does not supersede any other
relevant product standard (e.g. IEC 60947-2 or IEC 60947-9-1).
NOTE 7 DC arcing fault phenomena are under consideration. Further investigation is needed to comprehend DC
arcing phenomena and required sensing.

IEC 60947-7-1:2025 specifies requirements for terminal blocks and test disconnect terminal blocks according to Annex D with screw-type or screw-less-type clamping units primarily intended for industrial or similar use and to be fixed to a support to provide electrical and mechanical connection between copper conductors. It applies to terminal blocks intended to connect round copper conductors, with or without special preparation, having a cross-section between 0,05 mm2/30 AWG and 300 mm2/600 kcmil, intended to be used in circuits of a rated voltage not exceeding 1 000 V AC up to 1 000 Hz or 1 500 V DC. The tests on terminal blocks are made with AC or DC supply as required in relevant clauses of this document.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2009. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Scope extension for smaller conductor cross-sections;
b) Implementation of a contact pressure via insulation material (CoPI) test;
c) Introduction of new informative Annex E for larger cross-sections;
d) Reorganisation of all tables merged into two tables for electrical and mechanical values;
e) Implementation of AWG-sizes conductor types as an equivalent type of metric conductor with examples in Annex C;
f) Reorganisation of Annex D test disconnect terminal blocks to enhance readability;
g) Introduction of new informative Annex A for main characteristics of terminal blocks.

IEC 60947-5-1:2024 applies to control circuit devices and switching elements intended for controlling, signalling, interlocking, etc., of switchgear and controlgear.
It applies to control circuit devices having a rated voltage not exceeding 1 000 V AC (at a frequency not exceeding 1 000 Hz) or 600 V DC.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) update of the scope structure and exclusions;
b) requirements for control circuits;
c) update of the normal service conditions (e.g. shock and vibration);
d) update of information and marking requirements including environmental information requirements referencing IEC TS 63058:2021;
e) update of the constructional requirements and the corresponding tests considering safety aspects (e.g. artificial optical radiation, security aspects, limited energy source, stored charge energy circuit);
f) update of the EMC requirements according to the generic documents;
g) new requirements for reed contact magnetic switches in Annex D;
h) requirements for class II circuit devices achieved by double or reinforced insulation in Annex F;
i) update of pull-out tests in Annex G;
j) information requirements for audible signalling device in Annex J;
k) insertion of new Annex O.

IEC 60947-2:2024 applies to circuit-breakers, intended to be installed and operated by instructed or skilled persons, the main contacts of which are intended to be connected to circuits, the rated voltage of which does not exceed 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC; it also contains additional requirements for integrally fused circuit-breakers.
This document also applies to circuit-breakers with ratings at or below 1 000 V AC, additionally having one or more ratings above 1 000 V AC but not exceeding 1 500 V AC.
This sixth edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition published in 2016 and its Amendment 1: 2019. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) suitability for isolation (see Clause 1);
b) removal of the classification according to the interrupting medium, according to the design, according to the suitability for isolation (see Clause 4);
c) adjustment of current settings with an external device connectable to the release (see 5.7.3);
d) requirements for circuits with protective separation (see 8.2.3.8);
e) additional tests for ground-fault overcurrent releases (see 9.3.4.2.5);
f) additional tests concerning dielectric properties in tripped position (see 9.3.4.3);
g) use of DC voltage for dielectric tests (see 9.3.4.6.2 and 9.4.6);
h) tests of individual pole breaking capacity under phase-to-neutral AC voltage (see 9.3.11);
i) improvement of measurement of power loss in Annex G;
j) changes in EMC tests (see Annex J);
k) introduction of CBI class W in Annex L.

IEC 62683-2:2024 specifies the functional safety and reliability data model descriptions for low‑voltage switchgear and controlgear to be used by engineering tools for the design of safety related control systems according to IEC 62061, IEC 61508-2 and ISO 13849-1, and for dependability analysis of electrotechnical systems.
This dictionary is used to facilitate the exchange between computers of data characterizing low-voltage switchgear and controlgear.
Each property has an unambiguously defined meaning and naming, and where relevant, a defined value list, a defined format and a defined unit.
The data models described in this document are intended to complement the product catalogue data defined by IEC 62683-1.
This document does not cover:
- exchange format such as defined in VDMA 66413,
- explosive atmosphere applications,
- manufacturer specific features.

IEC 63404:2024 defines radiocommunication related requirements for equipment intended to integrate a radiocommunication device. It includes the initial integration and update of a the radiocommunication device, having a carrier frequency greater than 380 MHz, into new or updated host equipment with:
- The classification of integration categories;
- The EMC immunity verification using a capability profile approach;
- The verification of the unwanted emission level of the radio transceiver.

IEC 60947-4-3:2020(E) applies to semiconductor controllers and semiconductor contactors for non-motor load intended to be connected to circuits, the rated voltage of which does not exceed 1 000 V AC.
It covers their use:
– for operations of changing the state of AC electric circuits between the ON-state and the OFF-state;
– with or without bypass switching devices;
– as controller, for reducing the amplitude of the RMS AC voltage.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) scope exclusions;
b) editorial correction of notes and hanging paragraphs;
c) safety aspects related to:
- general aspects;
- limited energy circuits;
- electronic circuits;
d) mention of dedicated wiring accessories;
e) power consumption measurement;
f) alignment to IEC 60947-1:2020;
g) alignment with IEC 60947-4-2 when appropriate.

IEC 61439-3:2024 defines the specific requirements for distribution boards intended to be operated by ordinary persons (abbreviated DBO throughout this document, see 3.1.101) as follows:
- assemblies intended to be operated by ordinary persons (e.g. switching operations and replacing fuse-links), e.g. in domestic (household) applications;
- assemblies containing outgoing circuits with protective devices intended to be operated by ordinary persons, complying e.g. with IEC 60898-1, the IEC 61008 series, the IEC 61009 series, IEC 62606, IEC 62423 and IEC 60269-3;
- assemblies for applications where the nominal voltage to earth does not exceed 300 V AC (see Table G.1 of IEC 61439-1:2020);
NOTE The voltage limits for DC applications are under consideration.
- assemblies with a rated current (Inc) of the outgoing circuits not exceeding 125 A and a rated current (InA) not exceeding 250 A;
- assemblies intended for use in connection with the generation, transmission, distribution and conversion of electrical energy, and for the control of equipment consuming electrical energy and for associated data processing;
- enclosed, stationary assemblies;
- assemblies for indoor or outdoor use.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) alignment with the structure of IEC 61439-1:2020;
b) inclusion in the scope of more examples of the type of protection and control devices;
c) deletion of type A and Type B DBOs;
d) addition of a new Annex BB related to DBOs used in a prosumer’s electrical installation (PEI);
e) addition of a new Annex CC related to rated current of a DBO with additional source of supply in parallel/simultaneously with another source that is connected to the DBO e.g. PV.

IEC 62271-211:2024 is applicable to single- and three-phase direct connections between gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIS) for rated voltages above 52 kV and transformer arrangements to establish electrical and mechanical interchange ability and to determine the limits of supply for the transformer connection. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 62271-211:2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) re-numbering of clauses according to IEC 62271-1:2017,
b) Clause 3: updating definition about bushing (3.1), updating some pressure definitions (3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9), rewording definition about proctor density (3.11), new term very-fast-front overvoltage (3.12),
c) Clause 5 (former clause 4): add a subclause 5.1 General, according to IEC 62271-1:2017 and IEC 62271-203:2022,
1) subclause 5.5: new first paragraph, rewording second paragraph,
2) subclause 5.8: modify the term "Rated duration of thermal short-time current" of the bushing,
d) Clause 6 (former Clause 5): restructure and rewording of subclauses:
1) 6.1 (former 5.3): requirements about gas and vacuum tightness of the transformer bushing
2) 6.3 (former 5.2): harmonization with IEC 62271-203:2022 about typical maximum pressure in service for SF6, other gases and gas mixtures,
3) 6.4 (former 5.8), rewording
4) 6.5 (former 5.1), some rewording and modification
5) 6.6 (former 5.4), some rewording, updated references
6) 6.7 (former 5.5), some rewording
7) 6.8 (former 5.6), some rewording
8) 6.9 (former 5.7), slight rewording,
e) Clause 7 (former clause 6) type tests: some rewording and clarifications about references,
f) Clause 8 (former clause 7) routine tests:
1) 8.2 (former 7.2): add a paragraph about SF6-mixtures and other gases than SF6,
2) 8.3 (former 7.3): update reference to relevant on-site test according to IEC 62271‑203:2022,
g) Clause 9 Guide to the selection of switchgear and controlgear (new): informative, to have a reference to IEC 62271-203:2022,
h) Clause 11 (former 10): updated headline and updated reference according to IEC 62271‑1:2017,
i) new Clauses 12 Safety and 13 Environmental aspects: Adding of references to safety and environmental aspects,
j) correction of errors in Corrigendum 2 of IEC 62271-211:2017,
k) modified orientation of Figure 1 to Figure 4 for easier reading of the tables.

IEC 62271-214:2024 specifies requirements for internal arc classification of AC metal-enclosed pole-mounted switchgear and controlgear with rated voltages above 1 kV and up to and including 52 kV with service frequencies up to and including 60 Hz. This document is applicable to three-phase, two-phase and single-phase open terminal equipment for which an internal arc classification is assigned. Enclosures may include fixed and removable components and may be filled with fluid (liquid or gas) to provide insulation. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2019. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) indicators positioning update;
b) neutral earthing connection of the test circuit for three-phase tests;
c) general review for consistency with IEC 62271-200, Ed.3.0:2021.

IEC 62271-207:2023 applies to
- gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) assemblies
- for alternating current of rated voltages above 52 kV complying with IEC 62271-203, and
- for direct current of rated voltages including and above 100 kV,
- for indoor and outdoor installations, including their supporting structures,
- AC metal-enclosed switchgear and controlgear assemblies for rated voltages above 1 kV and up to and including 52 kV complying with IEC 62271-200, ground or floor mounted, intended to be used under seismic conditions, and
- AC solid-insulation enclosed switchgear and controlgear assemblies for rated voltages above 1 kV and up to and including 52 kV complying with IEC 62271-201, ground or floor mounted, intended to be used under seismic conditions.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision. It also cancels and replaces, through merging, the first edition of IEC TS 62271-210 published in 2013.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) modification of the minimum voltage rating from 52 kV to above 1 kV in order to include medium voltage equipment previously being within IEC TS 62271-210 scope;
b) further harmonisation of qualification procedures with the revised IEEE Std 693-2018 [1], Annex A and Annex P, including
1) matching this document's required response spectra with IEEE Std 693-2018 performance level spectra and IEC TS 62271-210 spectra,
2) addition of a step-by-step procedure assisting the user of this document to select an appropriate seismic qualification level combining seismic integrity with cost-effective design,
3) addition of analytical earthquake component combination techniques, and
4) reference to publicly available accelerograms specially developed to match the IEEE Std 693-2018 spectra for testing and analysis purposes, since this document and IEC TS 62271-210 spectra are identical in shape with IEEE Std 693 spectra.
c) various enhancements of test procedures;
d) addition of minimum contents for seismic qualification reports;
e) scope extended to cover DC GIS including and above 100 kV.

IEC 62271-105:2021 is available as IEC 62271-105:2021 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.
IEC 62271-105:2021 applies to three-pole units for public and industrial distribution systems which are functional assemblies of switches composed of switches or switch-disconnectors and current-limiting fuses designed so as to be capable of
- breaking, at the rated voltage, any current up to and including the rated short-circuit breaking current;
- making, at the rated voltage, circuits to which the rated short-circuit breaking current applies.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- the document has been updated to be in alignment with the second edition of IEC 62271-1:2017;
- rated TRV has been removed (TRV is only a test parameter), as in the latest revision of IEC 62271-100;
- differentiation has been introduced between requirements expressed for fulfilling the function expected from a switch-fuse combination, from requirements only relevant when the function is performed by a stand-alone device. The goal is to avoid duplication or conflicts of requirements with a standard dealing with assemblies, when the function is implemented within such an assembly.

IEC 62271-103:2021 is applicable to three-phase, alternating current switches and switch-disconnectors for their switching function, having making and breaking current ratings, for indoor and outdoor installations, for rated voltages above 1 kV up to and including 52 kV and for rated frequencies from 162/3 Hz up to and including 60 Hz. This document is also applicable to single-pole switches used on three-phase systems. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- this document has been aligned with IEC 62271-1:2017 and IEC 62271-102:2018;
- clarifications regarding the behaviour of the switch during breaking tests regarding current interruption and restrikes have been added;
- conditions of the switch after making and breaking tests have been clarified;
- a new informative Annex B intended to provide guidance for the calculation of Ief1 and Ief2 has been added;
- new rules for the combination of 50 Hz and 60 Hz switching tests have been defined and a new table (Table 7) has been added;
- tests with specified TRV have been modified to be in accordance with the practice described in IEC 62271-100;
- the behaviour of the switch during breaking tests has been clarified and boundaries for restrike allowance have been defined;
- explanations for short-circuit making tests have been added;
- vacuum integrity check after mechanical operations has been defined;
- all test voltages for single-phase capacitive testing have been grouped under 7.101.7.3.2 and have been confirmed by simulation and calculation.

IEC 61439-5:2023 is available as IEC 61439-5:2023 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.

IEC 61439-5:2023 defines the specific requirements for public electricity network distribution assemblies (PENDAs). PENDAs have the following criteria:
- used for the distribution of electrical energy in three phase systems for which the rated voltage does not exceed 1 000 V AC (see Figure 101 for a typical distribution network) and DC systems not exceeding 1 500 V DC;
- stationary;
- open type assemblies are not covered by this document;
- suitable for installation in places where only skilled persons have access for their use, however, outdoor types can be installed in situations that are accessible to ordinary persons
- intended for use in energy distribution in public power grids;
- indoor use: assemblies for installation inside of electric power substations;
- outdoor use: assemblies containing an enclosure suitable for open air installation.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) omission of the requirement to conduct mechanical tests at -25 °C when enclosures are made of a metallic material;
b) addition of assumed loading factors generation supplies and electric vehicle charging applications;
c) additional dielectric tests when a PENDA is used in a distribution substation with separate HV and LV earths;
d) further clarification of representative samples for design verification.

Clause 1 of IEC 61439-1:2020 is applicable except as follows.
Replacement:
This part of IEC 61439 defines the specific requirements for Assemblies for the following applications: marinas, camping sites, market squares and electric vehicle charging stations as follows:
- Assemblies for which the rated voltage does not exceed 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC;
- Assemblies intended for use in connection with the generation, transmission, distribution and conversion of electric energy, and for the control of electric energy consuming equipment;
- Assemblies operated by ordinary persons (e.g. to plug and unplug of electrical equipment);
- Assemblies intended to be installed and used in market squares, marinas, camping sites and other similar sites accessible to the public including temporary installations;
- Assemblies intended for charging stations for electric vehicles (AEVCS) for Mode 3 and Mode 4. They are designed to integrate the functionality and additional requirements for electric vehicle conductive charging systems according to IEC 61851-1:2017.
NOTE 1 Throughout this document, the terms AMHS (see 3.1.701), ACCS (see 3.1.702), AMPS (see 3.1.703), AEVCS (see 3.1.704) are used for low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies intended for use respectively in marinas and similar locations (AMHS), camping sites and similar locations (ACCS), market squares and other similar external public sites (AMPS) and charging stations (AEVCS). The term assemblies is used for indicating all these boards.
This standard is not applicable to assemblies intended to be installed on board of ships, houseboats, pleasure crafts and similar vessels.
For the correct selection of the switching devices and components, the following standards apply:
- IEC 60364-7-709 (AMHS) or
- IEC 60364-7-708 (ACCS) or
- IEC 60364-7-740 (AMPS) or
- IEC 60364-7-722 (AEVCS).
This document applies to all assemblies whether they are designed, manufactured and verified on a one-off basis or fully standardised and manufactured in quantity.
The manufacturing and/or assembling may be carried out other than by the original manufacturer (see 3.10.1 of IEC 61439-1:2020).
This document does not apply to individual devices and self-contained components such as circuit breakers, fuse switches, electronic equipment, which comply with their relevant product standards.
NOTE 2 Where electrical equipment is directly connected to public low-189 voltage supply system and equipped with an energy meter for billing of the legal provider of the low-voltage supply, additional particular requirements based on national regulations apply, if any.
This document does not apply to boxes and enclosures for electrical accessories for household and similar fixed electrical installations as defined in IEC 60670-24.

IEC 62208:2023 applies to empty enclosures, as provided by the enclosure manufacturer, prior to the incorporation of switchgear and controlgear components by the assembly manufacturer. This document specifies general definitions, classifications, characteristics and test requirements of enclosures to be used as part of switchgear and controlgear assemblies (e.g. in accordance with the product standard in the IEC 61439 series), the rated voltage of which does not exceed 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC, and suitable for general use for either indoor or outdoor applications. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) consideration of the modifications introduced in IEC 61439-1:2020;
b) alignment of test procedures with the newest relevant standards.

IEC TR 61439-0:2022 standards for low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies, there are system and application details that are specified by the specifier to enable the manufacturer to produce an assembly that meets the needs and expectations of the specifier.
IEC/TR 61439-0:2022, identifies from the specifier’s perspective those functions and characteristics that are defined when specifying assemblies. It provides:
an explanation of the assembly characteristics and options within the IEC 61439 series;
a guidance on how to select the appropriate options and define characteristics so as to meet specific application needs; and
an assistance in the specification of assemblies.  References within this document to the interface characteristics of an assembly and the requirements with which they will comply assume that the assembly is designed, manufactured, and verified in accordance with the relevant part of the IEC 61439 series.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2013. It constitutes a technical revision.
This third edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:  
alignment with IEC 61439-1:2020;
addition of new content in Clause 13 regarding current ratings;
addition of a new subclause 12.8.1 detailing the fundamentals of the forms of internal separation;
alignment of Annex B with Annex AA of 61439-2:2020;
removal of the annexes detailing items subject to agreement between specifier and manufacturer for all product parts as not all of them can always be up to date

This part of EN 60947applies to transfer switching equipment (TSE) to be used in power systems with interruption of the supply to the load during transfer, the rated voltage of which does not exceed 1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c.

IEC 62271-110:2023 is available as IEC 62271-110:2023 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.

IEC 62271-110:2023 is applicable to AC switching devices designed for indoor or outdoor installation, for operation at frequencies of 50 Hz and 60 Hz on systems having voltages above 1 000 V and applied for inductive current switching. It is applicable to switching devices (including circuit-breakers in accordance with IEC 62271-100) that are used to switch high‑voltage motor currents and shunt reactor currents and also to high-voltage contactors used to switch high-voltage motor currents as covered by IEC 62271-106. This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: references to IEC 62271-100 and IEC 62271-106 have been updated to the latest editions.

This part of IEC 60947 series specifies requirements for control units, which control a switching device in response to the PTC thermistors incorporated in rotating electrical machines and the industrial application.
It specifies requirements for that type of system comprising a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor having particular characteristics, and its associated control unit.
This document includes:
- the characteristics, construction, performance and tests of the control unit; and
- its association with a PTC thermistor designated "Mark A".
This document does not cover:
- the incorporation of thermal protections into rotating machines and their maximum winding temperature. See IEC 60034-11;
- use of the product within explosive atmospheres (see IEC 60079 (all parts));
- software and firmware requirements;
NOTE 1 Guidance on embedded software is given in IEC TR 63201.
- cyber security aspects (see IEC TS 63208).
NOTE 2 It is not possible to specify all the requirements for the operating characteristics of a control unit, as they are dependent on some aspects of the PTC thermistors. Some aspects of the requirements of the thermal protector system can only be specified when account is taken of the characteristics of the rotating machine to be protected and the method of installation of the PTC thermistor within the machine.

Applies to control and protective switching devices (or equipment) (CPS), the main contacts of which are intended to be connected to circuits of rated voltage not exceeding 1 000 V a.c. or 1 500 V d.c. CPSs are intended to provide both protective and control functions for circuits and are operated otherwise than by hand. They may also fulfil additional functions, such as isolation.

IEC 60947-4-2:2020 applies to semiconductor motor controllers, starters and soft-starters which can include a series mechanical switching device, intended to be connected to circuits the rated voltage of which does not exceed 1 000 V AC.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- scope exclusions;
- editorial correction of notes and hanging paragraphs;
- reference to IEC 62683-1;
- safety aspects related to:
- general aspects;
- limited energy circuits;
- electronic circuits;
- mention of dedicated wiring accessories;
- power consumption measurement;
- alignment to IEC 60947-1:2020.

This document applies to pressurized gas-filled compartments of AC switchgear and controlgear with rated voltages above 1 kV and up to and including 52 kV for indoor or outdoor installations, where the gas or gas mixture is being used principally for its dielectric and/or arc-quenching properties and where the gases or gas mixtures in the compartment can be considered in conditions being chemically stable over its lifetime and non-corrosive to the material of the pressurized compartment in the conditions that prevail inside.

This document applies to pressurized partitions used in indoor and outdoor installations of high-voltage AC and DC switchgear and controlgear with rated voltages (Ur) above 1 kV AC / 1,5 kV DC and with design pressure higher than 300 kPa, where the gas is used principally for its dielectric and/or arc-quenching properties.
The partitions comprise pressurized barriers in electrical equipment not necessarily limited to the following examples:
-   circuit-breakers;
-   switch-disconnectors;
-   disconnectors;
-   earthing switches;
-   current transformers;
-   voltage transformers;
-   surge arresters;
-   busbars and connections;
-   cable connections/terminations;
-   cable bushings.
Partitions which are only pressurized from one side are also covered.
1 kV AC / 1,5 kV DC means it is valid for the apparatus applied and where the partitions are installed; however, the application of voltages below 1 kV AC / 1,5 kV DC as in, for example, current and voltage transformers are not excluded.
This document does not apply to high voltage bushings (see EN 60137, EN 61462 and EN 62155).

This part of IEC 62271 applies to the procedures for handling of gases and gas mixtures for insulation and/or switching during installation, commissioning, repair, overhaul, normal and abnormal operations and disposal at the end-of-life of high-voltage switchgear and controlgear.
These procedures are regarded as minimum requirements to ensure the reliability of electric power equipment, the safety of personal working with these gases and gas mixtures and to minimize the impact on the environment. Additional requirements could be given or specified in the operating instruction manual of the manufacturer.
For each gas or gas mixture, which is known to be used in electric power equipment at the date of the publication of this document, a separate annex describes specifications, handling procedures, safety measures, etc. For gases or gas mixtures not covered by these annexes the electric power equipment manufacturer should provide the information needed, following the structure of these annexes. Such gases or gas mixtures should also be described in a next edition or in amendments to this edition.
NOTE 1 For the use of this document, high-voltage (HV) is defined as the rated voltage above 1 000 V. However, the term medium-voltage (MV) is commonly used for distribution systems with voltages above 1 kV and generally applied up to and including 52 kV.
NOTE 2 Throughout this standard, the term "pressure" stands for "absolute pressure".
NOTE 3 Reference is also made to (Cigré Brochure 802, 2020).
NOTE 4 For further details on gases, e.g. ecotoxicology, also refer to the chemical database ECHA (www.echa.europa.eu), which takes the actual volume band into consideration.
NOTE 5 When reference to circuit-breakers is made, only gas circuit-breakers are of interest. When vacuum circuit breakers are of interest, they are explicitly mentioned.

IEC Corrected Version

This part of IEC 62271 specifies requirements for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear in which the insulation is obtained, at least partly, by an insulating gas or gas mixture other than air at atmospheric pressure, for alternating current of rated voltages above 52 kV, for indoor and outdoor installation, and for service frequencies up to and including 60 Hz.
For the purpose of this document, the terms "GIS" and "switchgear" are used for "gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear".
The gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear covered by this document consists of individual components intended to be directly connected together and able to operate only in this manner.
This document completes and amends, if applicable, the various relevant standards applying to the individual components constituting GIS.

IEC 62271-212:2022 is available as IEC 62271-212:2022 RLV which contains the International Standard and its Redline version, showing all changes of the technical content compared to the previous edition.

IEC 62271-212;2022 specifies the service conditions, rated characteristics, general structural requirements and test methods of the assemblies of the main electrical functional units of a high-voltage transformer substation, duly interconnected, for AC voltages up to and including 52 kV on the high-voltage side and service frequency 50 Hz or 60 Hz. The CEADS is cable‑connected to the high-voltage network for indoor and outdoor applications of restricted access. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- clause numbering aligned with IEC 62271-1:2017,
- rewording of title and scope of the document,
- implement changes on internal arc definition and testing following the evolution of prefabricated substation concept according to IEC 62271-202,
- general review of main test procedures such as temperature rise or dielectric test on interconnections, considering control equipment, communication, smart grid devices and integration of components,
- general review of installation, operation, safety and maintenance requirements.

This part of IEC 62271 applies to rigid HV gas-insulated transmission lines (GIL) in which the insulation is obtained, at least partly, by a non-corrosive insulating gas, other than air at atmospheric pressure, for alternating current of rated voltages above 52 kV, and for service frequencies up to and including 60 Hz. It is intended that this international standard shall be used where the provisions of IEC 62271-203 do not cover the application of GIL (see Note 3).
At each end of the HV gas-insulated transmission line, a specific element may be used for the connection between the HV gas-insulated transmission line and other equipment like bushings, power transformers or reactors, cable boxes, metal-enclosed surge arresters, voltage transformers or GIS, covered by their own specification.
Unless otherwise specified, the HV gas-insulated transmission line is designed to be used under normal service conditions.
Note 1 to entry: In this international standard, the term "HV gas-insulated transmission line" is abbreviated to "GIL".
Note 2 to entry: In this international standard, the word "gas" means gas or gas mixture, as defined by the manufacturer.
Note 3 to entry: Examples of GIL applications are given:
- where all or part of the HV gas-insulated transmission line is directly buried; or
- where the HV gas-insulated transmission line is located, wholly or partly, in an area accessible to public; or
- where the HV gas-insulated transmission line is long (typically longer than to 500 m) and the typical gas compartment length exceeds the common practice of GIS technology.

This part of IEC 62271 specifies the service conditions, rated characteristics, general structural requirements and test methods of enclosed high-voltage prefabricated substations. These prefabricated substations are cable-connected to AC high-voltage networks with an operating voltage up to and including 52 kV and power frequencies up to and including 60 Hz. They can be manually operated from inside (walk-in type) or from outside (non-walk-in type). They are designed for outdoor installation at locations with public accessibility and where protection of personnel is provided.
These prefabricated substations can be situated at ground level or partially or completely below ground level. The last are also called "underground prefabricated substations".
In general, two types of prefabricated substations are considered in this document:
- high-voltage switchgear prefabricated substations;
- high-voltage/low-voltage transformer prefabricated substations (step-up and step-down).
A high-voltage switchgear prefabricated substation comprises an enclosure containing in general the following electrical components:
- high-voltage switchgear and controlgear;
- auxiliary equipment and circuits.
A high-voltage/low-voltage transformer prefabricated substation comprises an enclosure containing in general the following electrical components:
- power transformer(s);
- high-voltage and low-voltage switchgear and controlgear;
- high-voltage and low-voltage interconnections;
- auxiliary equipment and circuits.
However, relevant provisions of this document are applicable to designs where not all these electrical components exist (for example, a prefabricated substation consisting of power transformer and low-voltage switchgear and controlgear).
The listed electrical components of a high-voltage/low-voltage transformer prefabricated substation can be incorporated in the prefabricated substation either as separate components or as an assembly type CEADS according to IEC 62271-212.
This document covers only designs using natural ventilation. However, relevant provisions of this document are applicable to designs using other means of ventilation except the rated power of the prefabricated substation and associated class of enclosure (see 5.101), the continuous current tests (see 7.5) and all temperature rise related requirements, which would need an agreement between manufacturer and user.
NOTE 1 IEC 61936-1 [1]1 provides general rules for the design and erection of high-voltage power installations. As well, it specifies additional requirements for the external connections, erection and operation at the place of installation of high-voltage prefabricated substations compliant with IEC 62271-202, which are regarded as a component of such installation. Non-prefabricated high-voltage substations, are generally covered by IEC 61936-1 [1].
NOTE 2 High-voltage switchgear prefabricated substations can include instrument transformers, according to IEC 61869 (all parts). These substations are not high-voltage/low-voltage transformer prefabricated substations.