IŽNP - Reilway applications

This European Standard specifies basic requirements for the braking of trains hauled by locomotives:
-   For trains hauled by locomotives and intended for use in general operation each vehicle is fitted with the traditional brake system with a brake pipe compatible with the UIC brake system.
NOTE   This ensures technical compatibility of the brake function between vehicles of various origins in a train (see 5.4).
-   For trains hauled by locomotives and intended for use in fixed or predefined formation, the requirements on the vehicle and the train are necessary. In the case of a UIC brake system, this standard applies; if not, the EN 16185 series or the EN 15734 series applies.
If concerned, the UIC brake architecture described in this standard (see 5.4) can be used for brakes for multiple unit train and high speed trains and urban rail described in the EN 13452 series, the EN 16185 series and the EN 15734 series.
This European Standard also takes into account electrical and electronic control functions and additional brake systems like dynamic brakes and adhesion independent brakes.
The brake system requirements, which are specific for on-track machines are set out in EN 14033 1.
This European Standard does not apply to Urban Rail rolling stock braking system, which is specified by EN 13452 1.

This document discusses:
-   economic aspects of ballast projection;
-   comparison of methods in France and Spain for rolling stock;
-   infrastructure assessment methods;
-   review of available literature;
-   next steps and recommendations regarding standardization and research.

This European Standard specifies requirements for the;
-   approval of training facilities, testing and maintaining the skills of aluminothermic welders and welding trainers. It applies to those aluminothermic welding processes compliant with the requirements of EN 14730-1. It requires that the system for training and testing of welders shall be approved by the railway authority.
-   approval of aluminothermic welding contractors. It applies to those contractors using aluminothermic welding processes compliant with the requirements of EN 14730-1 and who employ welders in the possession of a valid permit to weld as defined in section 4 of this standard.
-   acceptance of the final aluminothermic weld inspections and aluminothermic weld inspectors approved by the railway authority. It does not cover any previous weld inspections by the welder or others.
The standard also applies to aluminothermic welds produced on Vignole railway rail 46 kg/m and above, as contained in EN 13674-1.

This document specifies the method to be followed to achieve a satisfactory design of bogie frames and includes design procedures, assessment methods, verification and manufacturing quality requirements. It is limited to the structural requirements of bogie frames including bolsters and axlebox housings. For the purpose of this document, these terms are taken to include all functional attachments, e.g. damper brackets.

This document applies to pneumatic half couplings designed to couple either the brake pipes or main reservoir pipes of railway vehicles, without taking the type of vehicles and track-gauge into consideration.
This document gives the requirements for the design, dimensions, testing and quality assurance of pneumatic half couplings.

This document is limited to specifying the requirements when applying adhesion material to the interface between the wheel tread and the crown of the rail, and includes both trainborne and trackside solutions. This standard only covers the equipment and application of adhesion material to the active interface.
This document defines:
- the characteristics that systems of adhesion materials of the wheel/rail interface shall achieve, together with applicable inspection and test methods to be carried out for verification;
- all relevant terminology which is specific to the adhesion materials of the wheel/rail interface.
This document only applies to the mainline railway.
NOTE 1   This document can also be used for other railways, e.g urban rail.
NOTE 2   Although technologies used to influence the wheel/ rail interface, other than the application of a material, are out of scope of this document, it can be used as guidance.

This Technical Specification specifies the requirements of adhesion materials intended to be applied to the interface between the wheel tread and the rail crown (active interface). The specified adhesion materials can be applied either directly or indirectly to the wheel tread or rail.
It outlines the information required for most approval procedures, the method of testing and routine control/monitoring of the material.
This Technical Specification does not deal with Top of Rail materials.
NOTE   Requirements for Top of Rail materials are specified in CEN/TS 15427-2-2.

2021-01-13, JE: TC - Correction of text: 1st sentence of 8.3.3.3.1, 2nd sentence of 8.3.3.3.2 and 2nd sentence of 8.3.3.3

This document applies variable load sensing devices designated to continuously sense the load of a railway vehicle and provide a signal that can be used by a relay valve for the automatic variation of the air pressure used for brake applications, thereby adjusting the brake force accordingly to achieve the required brake performance.
This document specifies the requirements for the design, dimensions, manufacture and testing of automatic variable load sensing devices.

This document is applicable to empty-loaded changeover devices designed to automatically sense when the load of a railway vehicle reaches a defined value (changeover mass), which represents the point at which the vehicle is classed as “loaded” and thereby requires the brake force to be adjusted accordingly to achieve the required brake performance. This document also covers manually operated empty-loaded changeover devices and the associated changeover plates.
This document specifies the requirements for the design, dimensions, manufacture and testing of empty-loaded changeover devices.

This European standard specifies the requirements when applying material to the active interface between the wheel tread and the crown of the rail and includes trainborne and track side equipment.
This technical specification only covers the equipment and application of material to the active interface.
This document defines:
- the characteristics that systems of top of rail equipment for wheel-rail interface shall achieve, together with applicable inspection and test methods to be carried out for verification;
- all relevant terminology which is specific to the application of top of rail materials of the wheel-rail interface.
This document only applies to the mainline railway
NOTE   This document can also be used for other railways, e. g urban rail’

This Technical Specification specifies the requirements of materials intended to be applied to the interface between the wheel tread and the rail crown (active interface). It can be applied either directly or indirectly to the wheel tread or rail.
It outlines the information required for most approval procedures, the method of testing and routine control/monitoring of the material.
This Technical Specification does not deal with adhesion materials, for example:
- sand
- adhesion enhancers

1.1   General
This document specifies the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, common to self-propelled road-rail machines - henceforward referred to as machines - and associated equipment, arising due to the adaptation for their use on railway networks and urban rail networks. These machines are intended for construction, maintenance and inspection of the railway infrastructure, shunting and emergency rescue vehicles, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer; see Clause 4.
This document deals with the common hazards during assembly and installation, commissioning, travelling on and off track, use including setting, programming, and process changeover, operation, cleaning, fault finding, maintenance and de-commissioning of the machines.
NOTE   Specific measures for exceptional circumstances are not dealt with in this document. They can be subject to negotiation between manufacturer and the machine operator.
The common hazards dealt with include the general hazards presented by the machines, also the hazards presented by the following specific machine functions:
a)   excavation;
b)   ballast tamping, ballast cleaning, ballast regulating, ballast consolidating;
c)   track construction, renewal, maintenance and repair;
d)   lifting;
e)   overhead contact line system renewal / maintenance;
f)   maintenance of the components of the infrastructure;
g)   inspection and measurement of the components of the infrastructure;
h)   working in tunnels;
i)   shunting;
j)   vegetation control;
k)   emergency rescue and recovery;
during commissioning, use, maintenance and servicing.
For a road-rail machine it is assumed that an EU road permissible host vehicle will offer an accepted safety level for its designed basic functions before conversion. Unless explicitly stated otherwise in a particular clause this specific aspect is not dealt with in this European Standard.
This document does not deal with:
1)   requirements with regard to the quality of work and the performance of the machine;
2)   machines that utilize the contact line system for traction purposes;
3)   specific requirements established by a railway Infrastructure Manager or Urban Rail Manager;
4)   negotiations between the manufacturer and the machine operator for additional or alternative requirements;
5)   requirements for use and travel of the machine on public highway;
6)   hazards due to air pressure caused by the passing of high-speed trains at more than 190 km/h;
7)   requirements which could be necessary in case of use in extreme conditions, such as extreme ambient temperatures (tropical or polar); see 5.30;
8)   highly corrosive or contaminating environment, e.g. due to the presence of chemicals;
9)   potentially explosive atmospheres.
Other special machines used on railway tracks are dealt with in other European Standards, see Annex E.

1.1   General
This document specifies the technical requirements to minimize the specific railway hazards of self-propelled road-rail machines - henceforward referred to as machines - and associated equipment, intended for use on urban rail. These hazards can arise during the commissioning, the operation and the maintenance of machines when carried out in accordance with the specification given by the manufacturer or his authorized representative. Where a machine is designed and intended for use on mainline and urban rail, the machine will comply with the most onerous conditions of FprEN 15746-1 and FprEN 15746-4. In all cases the machine will comply with the requirements set out in FprEN 15746-2.
The requirements in this document amend those in FprEN 15746-1 as required for the use of the machine on urban railways.
This document does not apply to the following:
-   the requirements for quality of the work or performance of the machine;
-   the specific requirements established by the machine operator for the use of machines, which will be the subject of negotiation between the manufacturer and the Urban Rail Manager;
-   moving and working while not on rails;
-   separate machines temporarily mounted on machines and associated equipment.
This document does not establish the additional requirements for the following:
-   operation subject to special rules, e.g. potentially explosive atmospheres;
-   hazards due to natural causes, e.g. earthquake, lightning, flooding;
-   working methods;
-   operation in severe working conditions requiring special measures, e.g. extreme environmental conditions such as: freezing temperatures, high temperatures, corrosive environments, tropical environments, contaminating environments, strong magnetic fields;
-   hazards occurring when used to handle suspended loads which may swing freely.
For a road-rail machine it is assumed that an EU road permissible host vehicle will offer an accepted safety level for its designed basic functions before conversion. Unless explicitly stated otherwise in a particular clause this specific aspect is not dealt with in this European Standard.
Other track construction and maintenance machines used on railway tracks are dealt with in other European Standards, see Annex B.
1.2   Scope of urban rail
Urban rail systems cover Urban Guided Transport systems (UGT) and might include other rail systems excluded from the scope of the Interoperability Directive 2008/57/EC (Article 1.3 (a) and (b)).
Urban Guided Transport systems (UGT), which cover metro, tram and light rail, are defined as public transport systems permanently guided at least by one rail, intended for the operation of local, urban and suburban passenger services with self-propelled vehicles and operated either segregated or not from general road and pedestrian traffic.
Categories of urban rail systems include:
-   (I) Metros: UGT systems operated on their own right of way and segregated from general road and pedestrian traffic. They are consequently designed for operations in tunnel, viaducts or on surface level but with physical separation in such a way that inadvertent access is not possible. In different parts of the world, Metro systems are also known as the underground, the subway or the tube. Rail systems with specific construction issues operating on a segregated guideway (e.g. monorail, rack railways) are also treated as Metros as long as they are designated as part of the urban public transport network.
-   (II) Trams: UGT systems not segregated from general road and pedestrian traffic, which share their right of way with general road and/or pedestrian traffic and are therefore embedded in their relevant national road traffic legislation (highway codes and specific adaptations).
(...)

1.1   General
This document deals with the technical requirements to minimize the specific railway hazards of self-propelled road-rail machines, as defined in FprEN 15746-1:2019, 3.1, henceforward referred to as machines, when designed and intended for running on European railways within the scope of European Directive 2007/58/EC.
The running mode is an option designed by the manufacturer which permits the use of the machine on a specified railway infrastructure without the need for special operational rules.
NOTE 1   The use of special track safety equipment (i.e. part of automatic train protection systems) does not necessarily mean that the machine has a running mode; some Infrastructure Managers use such equipment as means of protection for machines in travelling and/or working modes.
NOTE 2   This document is written for 1 435 mm nominal track gauge, special requirements can apply for running on infrastructures with narrow gauge or broad gauge lines.
Urban rail and railways utilizing other than adhesion between the rail and wheels are not included in this document.
This document does not apply to the following:
-   the specific requirements established by the machine operator for the use of machines, which will be the subject of negotiation between the manufacturer and the Infrastructure Manager;
-   travelling and working both on and off rails;
-   running on urban rail.
For a road-rail machine it is assumed that an EU road permissible host vehicle will offer an accepted safety level for its designed basic functions before conversion. Unless explicitly stated otherwise in a particular clause this specific aspect is not dealt with in this European Standard.
1.2   Validity of this document
This document applies to all machines which are within the scope of the Commission Regulation (EU) No 1302/2014 for locomotives and passenger rolling stock.

1.1   General
This document deals with the technical requirements to minimize the specific railway hazards of self-propelled road-rail machines -henceforward referred to as machines - and associated equipment, which can arise during the commissioning, operation and maintenance of the machines when carried out in accordance with the specification given by the manufacturer or his authorized representative.
These risks are normally common regardless of the track gauge.  However, additional requirements can apply for travelling and working on infrastructures with narrow gauge or broad gauge lines, railways utilizing other than adhesion between the rail and rail wheels and underground infrastructures.
This document is also applicable for machines and associated equipment that in working configuration are partly supported on the ballast or the formation. Such machines are capable of independent self-propelled movement on the ground.
This document does not apply to the following:
-   the requirements for quality of the work or performance of the machine;
-   the specific requirements established by the machine operator for the use of machines, which will be the subject of negotiation between the manufacturer and the Infrastructure Manager;
-   moving and working while not on rails;
-   separate machines temporarily mounted on machines and associated equipment;
-   demountable machines as defined in 3.2;
-   trailers as defined in 3.3, including road-rail trailers.
Vehicles which are not track-guided themselves but have attachments that are track-guided are not road-rail machines.
The requirements within this document are amended and added to by the requirements in FprEN 15746-4 for machines designed and intended to use urban rail.
This document does not establish the additional requirements for the following:
-   operation subject to special rules, e.g. potentially explosive atmospheres;
-   hazards due to natural causes, e.g. earthquake, lightning, flooding;
-   working methods;
-   operation in severe working conditions requiring special measures, e.g. work in tunnels or in cuttings, extreme environmental conditions such as: freezing temperatures, high temperatures, corrosive environments, tropical environments, contaminating environments, strong magnetic fields;
-   hazards due to errors in software;
-   hazards occurring when used to handle suspended loads which may swing freely.
For a road-rail machine it is assumed that an EU road permissible host vehicle will offer an accepted safety level for its designed basic functions before conversion. Unless explicitly stated otherwise in a particular clause this specific aspect is not dealt with in this European Standard.
Other track construction and maintenance machines used on railway tracks are dealt with in other European Standards, see Annex F.
1.2   Validity of this document
This document applies to all machines which are ordered one year after the publication date by CEN of this document.

This document provides terms and definitions and is applicable to rail networks and rail vehicles.
This document is especially applicable as a reference for future European Standards and the revision of existing standards and represents a set of general technical terms and definitions.
This document does not apply to specific applications such as:
-   track construction and maintenance machines not travelling on rails;
-   road-rail machines not travelling on rails;
-   magnetic levitation transport networks and vehicles;
-   guided busways;
-   historical networks and vehicles.
Terms and definitions related to:
-   control command and signalling;
-   operation;
-   geographical aspects
are not in scope.

This European Standard characterizes the quality of track geometry based on parameters defined in EN 13848 1 and specifies the different track geometry classes which should be considered.
This European Standard covers the following topics:
- description of track geometry quality;
- classification of track quality according to track geometry parameters;
- considerations on how this classification can be used;
- this European Standard applies to high-speed and conventional lines of 1 435 mm and wider gauge;
- this European Standard forms an integral part of EN 13848 series.

This Standard specifies the defect management system the infrastructure manager uses to control the risk of severe accidents due to degradation of internal or surface defects on rails complying with EN 13674-1, EN 13674-2, EN 13674-4 and EN 15689 (excluding grooved rails EN 14811 - which need alternative systems).

This European Standard specifies the minimum requirements for track geometry measuring principles and systems in order to produce comparable results when measuring the same track. It applies to all measuring systems, attended or unattended, fitted on any vehicle, except track construction and maintenance machines. Only systems put into service after the standard comes into force are concerned.
This standard does not define the requirements for vehicle acceptance.
This standard does not apply to measuring systems dedicated to urban rail such as tramways, light rail or similar networks.

This part of EN 13231 series defines the technical requirements and measurements for the acceptance of works for longitudinal and / or transverse reprofiling of railway rail heads in plain line, switches and crossings and expansion devices.
It applies to Vignole rails of 46 kg/m and above according to EN 13674 1.

This document is applicable to under ballast mats used in ballasted track and defines the test procedures and their evaluation criteria.
This document provides particular information in the following areas:
-   test methods, test arrangements and evaluation criteria of under ballast mat;
-   data supplied by the purchaser and by the supplier;
-   definition of general process of design approval tests;
-   definition of routine tests.
This document defines the specific test procedures for under ballast mat:
-   stiffness tests;
-   fatigue tests;
-   number of tests for severe environmental condition.
This document also sets out procedures for testing fitness for purpose and provides information on quality monitoring as part of quality assurance procedures. This document does not, however, contain requirements pertaining to the functions of under ballast mats. It is the responsibility of the purchaser to define these requirements and to choose the optional tests.

This series of standards applies to welding of metallic materials in the manufacture and maintenance of railway vehicles and their components.
This part of the series defines the classification levels as well as the requirements for manufacturers of welded railway vehicles and components.

The aim of this document is to define a design assessment procedure of a forged and rolled monobloc
wheel (RST). This assessment is carried out before the wheel is commissioned. This document describes,
in particular, the assessment to be performed in order to use wheels on a European network which, in
addition, have quality requirements in conformity with those defined in EN 13262.
This assessment requires that the conditions of use for the wheel are defined and this standard provides
a method for defining those conditions.
The assessment of the design covers four aspects:
— a geometrical aspect: to allow interchangeability of different solutions for the same application;
— a thermomechanical aspect: to manage wheel deformations and to ensure that braking will not cause
wheels to fracture;
— a mechanical aspect: to ensure that no fatigue cracks occur in the wheel web and that no permanent
deformation occurs under exceptional loading;
— an acoustic aspect: to ensure that the solution chosen is as good as the reference wheel.
This document does not cover assessment of the hub or of the rim.
This document has been drawn up for wheels of non-powered tread-braked wheelsets and applies in full
to this type of wheel. For wheels on which disc brakes are mounted or toothed transmission wheels or
even wheels with noise reduction devices, the requirements may be amended or supplemented.
For urban railway vehicles, other standards or documents may be used.

This European Standard specifies the characteristics of railway wheels for all track gauges.
This standard can also apply to light rail and tramway applications.
Five steel grades, ER6, ER7, ER8, ERS8 and ER9 are defined in this standard.
NOTE 1: ERS8 has been integrated in this standard as an optimization of steel grades ER8 and ER9 in the context of RCF, and by taking into account European service experience e.g. BS 5892-3 in the UK.
Certain characteristics are defined according to a category 1 or a category 2. Category 1 is generally chosen when the operation train speed is higher than 200 km/h. Vehicles running at speeds lower than or equal to 200 km/h generally use wheels of Category 2.
These categories can sometimes be subdivided, depending upon the characteristics.
This standard is applicable to solid forged and rolled wheels which are made from vacuum degassed steel and have a chilled rim. They are to have already been used in commercial conditions on a European network in a significant quantity, or to have satisfied a technical approval procedure according to EN 13979-1 for their design.
Annex A describes the assessment process for acceptance of new materials not cited in this standard.
The standard defines the wheel product requirements; the technical approval procedure is not within the scope of this standard.
NOTE 2: Rim-chilled describes heat treatment of the rim, the aim of which is to harden the rim and to create compressive residual stresses in the rim.

This European Standard specifies the characteristics of axles for use on European networks.
It defines characteristics of forged or rolled solid and hollow axles, made from vacuum-degassed steel grade
EA1N1 that is the most commonly used grade on European networks. For hollow axles, this standard applies
only to those that are manufactured by machining of a hole in a forged or rolled solid axle
In addition, the particular characteristics for axles in grade EA1T1 and EA4T1 are given in Annex A.
Two categories of axle are defined, category 1 and category 2. Generally, category 1 is chosen when the
operational speed is higher than 200 km/h.
This standard is applicable to axles that are designed in accordance with the requirements of EN 13103 and
EN 13104.
NOTE Different values for some characteristics may be agreed if a particular process of fabrication (e.g. cold rolling,
shot peening, shot peening, steel cleanliness, reduction ratio, improved material properties from melting and heat
treatment processes, etc.) has an influence on them.

This European Standard specifies the characteristics of new wheelsets for use on European networks:
This standard is applicable to wheelsets comprising elements that conform to the following European
Standards:
- EN 13262 for wheels;
- EN 13261 for axles;
This standard is not fully applicable to wheelsets undergoing maintenance.
Some characteristics are given as a function of a category 1 or of a category 2. Category 2 can be divided
into sub-categories (2a and 2b) to specify certain characteristics. Category 1 is generally chosen when the
operating speed exceeds 200 km/h. The wheelset then comprises wheels and axle of category 1 as specified
in EN 13262 for the wheels and EN 13261 for the axles.

This document specifies the assessment of Fire Containment and Control Systems (FCCS) and associated fire detection systems for railway vehicles as an alternative to the fire barriers specified in EN 45545-3.
This document describes:
- assessment of installation and capability of fire detection system;
- assessment of interaction between fire detection system and FCCS;
- application and limitations of assessment process (mock-up or real scale test).
This document considers any additional assessment requirements when vehicle designs which have already been assessed as acceptable to this document are modified, or when new design variants, which have an impact on FCCS, are made which are based on an existing design.
This document is applicable to any railway vehicle, where fire detection systems and/or Fire Control and Containment Systems are used.
This document defines performance requirements and verification and validation requirements for systems whose objective is to detect and control or contain the effect of fire in order to create a protected area within the railway vehicle until passengers and staff can be evacuated from the railway vehicle. It is additionally assumed that the new railway vehicles comply with EN 45545-2 (material properties) and EN 45545-4 (design rules) in order to achieve the safety requirements defined in EN 45545.

This part of EN 45545 specifies the reaction to fire performance requirements for materials and products used on railway vehicles as defined in EN 45545-1.
The operation and design categories defined in EN 45545-1 are used to establish hazard levels that are used as the basis of a classification system.
For each hazard level, this part specifies the test methods, test conditions and reaction to fire performance requirements.
It is not within the scope of this European Standard to describe measures that ensure the preservation of the vehicles in the event of a fire.

This document defines the tread profiles of wheels with a diameter equal or greater than 330 mm used
on rolling stock submitted to the Directive 2016/797/EU. These profiles apply to new wheels, whether
free-standing or assembled as wheelsets, as well as to wheels that require reprofiling during
maintenance.

This European standard describes the type test assessment method for acoustic signals at passenger external doors applying to rolling stock. The following applies to this standard: - this standard refers to acoustical passenger information indicating the release, opening and closing of passenger doors; - this standard is applicable to tonal signals with defined frequency components; - this standard is not applicable to spoken information.
NOTE 1   Acoustic door signals in terms of TSI compliance are defined in EN 16584-2 "Design for PRM use".
NOTE 2   Acoustic doors signals in terms of door system function are described in EN 14752.

This document specifies requirements for pads for disc brakes of railway rolling stock.
This document is applicable to pads designed to be fitted to disc braked rail vehicles. The brake pad may be manufactured from any material.
The document defines requirements and generic test programs for brake pads. In order to qualify the brake pad performance in accordance with the classification the standard provides fixed parameter figures as categories defined in paragraph classification scheme.

This document defines the following elements for urban rail rolling stock:
-   the functional requirements for a communication device between passengers and driver or Operations Control Centre (OCC);
-   the dynamic behaviour of the Communication device.
This document is applicable to the categories I to III of Urban Rail rolling stock defined in CEN/CLC Guide 26:
-   (I) Metros;
-   (II) Trams;
-   (III) Light Rail.
NOTE 1   CEN/CLC Guide 26 defines Metro, Tram and Light Rail as public transport systems permanently guided at least by one rail, intended for the operation of local, urban and suburban passenger services with self-propelled vehicles and operated either segregated or not from general road and pedestrian traffic.
This document applies to rolling stock both with and without driver.
NOTE 2   The communication device is different from the PAS, but it can share some parts of the PAS to achieve its functionalities.
NOTE 3   The PAS is regarded as a safety relevant system whereas communication device is non-safety relevant aid to passengers.

This technical report covers machines fitted with rail wheels that are used for the construction, maintenance, inspection, repair and renewal of railway infrastructure. It is also applicable to machines used for emergency rescue purposes on railway infrastructure.
NOTE inspection of the infrastructure includes measurement
This technical report explains the different modes of operation, types of machine and which standard covers the technical requirements, and guidance on the acceptance process.

This document is applicable to brake pipe accelerator valves designed to vent the brake pipe of railway vehicles when an emergency brake application is initiated, without taking the type of vehicles and track-gauge into consideration.
This document specifies the requirements for the design, manufacture and testing of brake pipe accelerator valves.

This document:
- defines the forces and moments to be taken into account with reference to masses, traction and braking conditions;
- gives the stress calculation method for axles with inboard axle journals;
- specifies the maximum permissible stresses to be assumed in calculations for steel grade EA1N, EA1T and EA4T defined in EN 13261;
- describes the method for determination of the maximum permissible stresses for other steel grades;
- determines the diameters for the various sections of the axle and recommends the preferred shapes and transitions to ensure adequate service performance.
This document is applicable for axles defined in EN 13261. This document applies only for heavy rail vehicles.  
The calculation of wheelsets for special applications (e.g. railbound construction and maintenance machines) can be made according to this document only for the load cases of free-rolling and rolling in train formation.

This European Standard is applicable to rail fastening systems used with grooved rails for tram and light rail tracks, including tracks embedded in streets.
The requirements apply to:
-   fastening systems which act on the foot and/or web of the rail including direct and indirect fastening systems;
-   fastening systems for the rail sections in EN 14811
This standard is not applicable to fastening systems for other rail sections or special fastening systems used at bolted joints or glued joints.
This standard is for type approval of a complete fastening assembly only.

This European Standard describes the functionality, constraints, performance and operation of a brake system for use in self propelling thermal and electric trains operating on routes of the European rail system network.
This European Standard covers:
- all new vehicle designs of self-propelling thermal and electric trains being operated at a maximum speed up to 200 km/h, in the following text simply called EMU/DMU;
- all major overhauls of the above-mentioned vehicles if they involve redesigning or extensive alteration to the brake system of the vehicle concerned.
This standard does not cover:
- locomotive hauled trains which are specified by EN 14198;
- mass transit rolling stock which is specified by EN 13452-1;
- high speed trains being operated at speeds greater than 200 km/h which are specified by EN 15734-1.

This document specifies a laboratory test procedure for applying repeated displacement cycles representative of the displacements caused by traffic on railway track. It is used for assessing the long term performance of direct fastening systems.
The procedure is applicable to surface mounted rail on sleepers, bearers and slab track, and embedded rail.
This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly.

This part of EN 13230 provides particular design guidance in the following areas:
-   derivation of characteristic loads and test loads;
-   calculation of characteristic and test bending moments.
The aim of this part of the standard is to give guidance for the preparation of all data to be given by the purchaser to the supplier in accordance with parts 1 to 5 of EN 13230. It applies to all gauges (standard, broad and narrow) as well as to all lengths of sleepers.
This standard gives special criteria for the design of concrete sleepers and bearers as track components. The design methods in the Eurocode do not apply to these concrete elements.
All track parameters to be taken into account for the design of sleepers and bearers are detailed in this standard. Information is given on these parameters so that they can be used as inputs for the design calculation process. It is the responsibility of the purchaser to calculate or determine all track parameters used in this standard.
This standard gives guidance for the design calculation process. It explains how experience and calculation can be combined to use design parameters.
This standard gives examples of numerical data that can be used when applying clauses 4 to 6 according to the state of the art.

This document specifies laboratory test procedures to determine the static and dynamic stiffness of rail pads, baseplate pads and complete rail fastening assemblies.

This European Standard applies to new designs of locomotives and passenger carrying rolling stock as defined in categories C-I to C-IV of Clause 4 taking into consideration the recommendations given in Annex E on the application of the standard (migration rule). It is intended to protect vehicle occupants, through the preservation of structural integrity, and does not extend to other railway employees and customers who are not in vehicles, or to third parties. The specified requirements relate to the technical and operational conditions of use that prevail in the CEN member countries. The design of new vehicles for use in passenger trains is based on operations with compatible rolling stock that also meet this standard. It is recognised that operational requirements will require new crashworthy and existing non-crashworthy vehicles to exist in the same train unit but such combinations of vehicles are not required to comply with this European Standard.
The requirements apply to the vehicle body, and to those mechanical elements directly associated with it that may be used to absorb energy in a collision, such as couplers, buffing systems etc. They do not cover the safety features of doors, windows, system components or interior features except for specific issues relating to the preservation of survival space.
The requirements do not cover all possible accident scenarios but provide a level of crashworthiness that will reduce the consequences of an accident, when the active safety measures have been inadequate. The requirement is to provide a level of protection by addressing the most common types of collision that cause injuries and fatalities.
The applicable design collision scenarios, and suitable parameters for normal European operations, are given in Clause 5. Annex A gives additional information regarding the derivation of the scenarios and describes situations when they may need to be modified and the processes that should then be followed.

This document is applicable to relay valves designated to control the brake cylinder pressure of compressed air brakes fitted to railway vehicles, in association with an air brake distributor valve or other control device. It covers one stage relay valves and relay valves adjusting the brake cylinder pressure in response to a change in vehicle speed or load that is either continuously variable or in two or more stages, i.e. empty – loaded.
Relay valves operating with other pressures, in particular the brake pipe pressure, are not included.
This document specifies the requirements for the design, manufacture and testing of relay valves.

This Technical Report gives guidance for:
- the use of Finite Element Method (FEM) to supplement the axle calculation defined in relevant standards for wheelset calculation and to deteremine in particular conditions for fitting transitions and groves;
- determination of fatigue limits consistent with the FEM procedure;
- validation of the fatigue limit of the blasted axles and unpainted axles.
It contains a proposal of a method for the analysis of in service load measurements to be applied in the fatigue assessment of axles.

This document describes the measurement of the toxicity potential of the products of combustion based on two test methods:
- Method 1: EN ISO 5659-2 Smoke chamber area-based test with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) gas analysis techniques;
- Method 2: NF X70-100-2 Tubular furnace small mass-based test.
NOTE 1 This document also specifies test equipment and set out the calculation procedures for evaluation of toxicity data.
NOTE 2 This document can be used in addition to others for the determination of toxic gases from devices installed in tunnel.

This document is applicable to testing of rails installed in track for detecting rail surface cracks. This part of this European Standard applies to testing equipment in inspection-trains or reprofiling machines and manual systems. This document specifies the requirement for testing principles and systems in order to produce comparable results in respect to the location and the characteristic of surface cracks. This document is not aiming to give any guidelines for managing the result of eddy current rail testing. This document does not define the requirements for vehicle acceptance. This document is not concerned with production testing of rails in a production plant. This document applies only to rail profiles meeting the requirements of EN 13674-1.

This document specifies the characteristics of the Passenger Alarm System (PAS) for Urban Rail.
This document covers the PAS fitted to the passenger carrying Urban Rail rolling stock and specifies:
-   the safety related requirements;
-   the functional requirements of PAS triggered by pasasengers;
-   the requirements for the communication channel between passengers and the driver or OCC;
-   the requirements for the functional behaviour of the PAS;
-   the requirements for the degraded modes management;
-   the requirements for the Passenger Alarm Device (PAD) and PAD area.
This document is applicable to the categories I to III of Urban Rail rolling stock defined in CEN/CLC Guide 26:
-   (I) metros;
-   (II) trams;
-   (III) light rail.
NOTE 1   CEN/CLC Guide 26 defines Metro, Tram and Light Rail as public transport systems permanently guided at least by one rail, intended for the operation of local, urban and suburban passenger services with self-propelled vehicles and operated either segregated or not from general road and pedestrian traffic.
NOTE 2   The PAS function on existing vehicles may require modification to work in conjunction with vehicles that comply with this document.
NOTE 3   This European Standard covers urban rail rolling stock, both with or without a driver.
NOTE 4   For rolling stock devoted to suburban passenger services, this European Standard applies when the TSIs do not apply.

This part of the EN 13230 series defines additional technical criteria and control procedures as well as specific tolerance limits related to manufacturing and testing prestressed bearers for switches and crossings with a maximum length of 8,5 m.
Bearers longer than 8,5 m are considered as special elements and will comply with FprEN 13230 5:2015.

This document is applicable to tram vehicles according to prEN 17343. Tram-Train vehicles, on track machines, infrastructure inspection vehicles and road-rail machines according to prEN 17343 and demountable machines/machinery are not in the Scope of this Technical Report.
This document describes passive safety measures to reduce the consequences of collisions with pedestrians. These measures provide the last means of protection when all other possibilities of preventing an accident have failed, i.e.:
-   design recommendations for the vehicle front to minimize the impact effect on a pedestrian when hit,
-   design recommendations for the vehicle front end for side (lateral) deflections in order to minimize the risk of being drawn under the vehicle on flat ground (embedded track),
-   design recommendations for the vehicle body underframe to not aggravate injuries to a pedestrian/body lying on the ground,
-   recommendations to prevent the pedestrian from being over-run by the leading wheels of the vehicle.
The following measures to actively improve safety are not in the Scope of this document:
-   colour of front;
-   additional position lights;
-   additional cameras;
-   driver assistance systems;
-   additional acoustic warning devices, etc.;
-   view of the driver / mirrors;
-   consequences for pedestrian injuries due to secondary impact with infrastructure (side posts, concrete ground, poles, trees, etc.).
The recommendations of this document only apply to new vehicles.

This European standard defines warning horn requirements which deliver the required audibility of approaching high speed trains and conventional trains, excluding road, metro and self-contained systems. For this purpose, the following requirements are included:
-   functional and technical requirements of the warning horn as a component,
-   functional and technical requirements of the integration of warning horns into the vehicle, and
-   test requirements.
Operational requirements for warning horns have been excluded.
NOTE   The requirements for the control of warning horns can be found in EN 16186-2.