IHPV - Hydraulics and pneumatics

This document defines the gravimetric method for determining the contamination level of fluids used in hydraulic fluid power systems.
The working instructions provided in this document serve for the gravimetric determination of dirt content of pressure fluids from mineral oil with additives. They are used in hydraulic systems with hydrostatic drive.

This document specifies procedures for the following:
a) primary particle-sizing calibration for particle sizes 1 µm(c) and larger, sensor resolution and counting performance of liquid automatic particle counters that are capable of analysing bottle samples;
b) secondary particle-sizing calibration using suspensions verified with a primary calibrated APC;
c) establishing acceptable operation and performance limits;
d) verifying particle sensor performance using a test dust;
e) determining coincidence and flow rate limits.
This document is applicable for use with hydraulic fluids, aviation and diesel fuels, engine oil and other petroleum-based fluids. This document is not applicable to particle-sizing calibration using NIST SRM 2806b primary calibration suspensions.

This document specifies the general and dimensional requirements for the design and performance of hose fittings with 24° cone connector ends with O-rings according to ISO 8434‑1. These hose fittings are made of carbon steel and are intended for use with hoses with nominal inside diameters from 5 mm through 38 mm (inclusive).
NOTE For hose fittings used in hydraulic and pneumatic braking systems on road vehicles, see ISO 4038, ISO 4039‑1 and ISO 4039‑2.
These hose fittings are for use in hydraulic fluid power systems with hoses that meet the requirements of respective hose standards and in general applications with suitable hoses.

ISO 3668:2017 specifies a procedure for evaluating differential pressure versus flow characteristics of hydraulic filters and constitutes a basis for agreement between the filter manufacturer and user.
It also specifies a method for measurement of the differential pressure generated at different flow rates and viscosities by the relevant parts of a filter assembly, spin-on and any valves contained within the filter which are in the flow stream. The typical types of filter to be tested are as follows:
Type 1: which are spin-on filters in which the replaceable unit does not include a filter head (it might or might not include the element by-pass valve);
Type 2: which are spin-on filters in which the replaceable element is tested together with a filter head (it might or might not include the element by-pass valve);
Type 3: which are filter assembly, usually of the replacement element type, that is the housing (head and bowl) and element.

This document specifies test procedures for measuring the shifting times of electrically or pneumatically operated directional control valves.
It is applicable to monostable and bistable pneumatic directional control valves, with 2 or 3 position functions.

This document specifies dimensions and performance requirements for ports and stud ends with parallel threads (G series thread) for pneumatic fluid power applications.
It specifies reusable, positively retained seals for leak-free connections, for use at pressures from −0,09 MPa (−0,9 bar) up to 1,6 MPa (16 bar).
This document is applicable for threaded ports and stud ends specified in new designs in pneumatic fluid power applications.
WARNING — Ports and stud ends conforming to this document are not intended to connect with ports and stud ends that conform to ISO 1179 (all parts) or threads that conform to ISO 7-1.
As shown in Figure 1, significant differences in thread depth exists between ISO 16030 requirement and ISO 1179-1 (Δ1 and Δ2) that makes ports and stud ends conforming to ISO 7-1 unsuitable.

This document specifies a bubble-point test method applicable to filter elements used in hydraulic fluid power systems. It can be used both to verify the fabrication integrity of a filter element (by checking the absence of bubbles) and to permit the localization of the largest pore of the filter element by determining the first bubble point.
NOTE Verification of fabrication integrity is used to define the acceptability of the filter elements for further use or testing.
The first bubble point is established through continuation of the fabrication integrity test. It is under no circumstances a functional characteristic of a filter element; in particular, it cannot be used to estimate filtration rating, efficiency or retention capacity and is intended to be used for information only.
This document specifies a method to normalise fabrication integrity and bubble point data to a standard value of surface tension when test fluids other than 2-propanol are used.

ISO 5782-1:2017 specifies which characteristics of compressed air filters are to be included in the supplier's literature.
It also specifies product-marking requirements.
ISO 5782-1:2017 is applicable to compressed air filters, constructed from light alloys (aluminium, etc.), zinc diecast alloys, brass, steel and plastic, with a rated pressure of up to 1 600 kPa (16 bar) and a maximum temperature of 80 °C, designed to remove solid and liquid contaminants from compressed air by mechanical means

ISO 20401:2017 specifies the pin assignment for pneumatic directional control valves when used together with 8 mm and 12 mm diameter electrical round connectors according to IEC 60947-5-2. This definition is valid for connectors as shown in IEC 60947-5-2:2004, Figures D.2 and D.4, which are shown in Clause 4.

ISO 8573-1:2010 specifies purity classes of compressed air with respect to particles, water and oil independent of the location in the compressed air system at which the air is specified or measured.
ISO 8573-1:2010 provides general information about contaminants in compressed-air systems as well as links to the other parts of ISO 8573, either for the measurement of compressed air purity or the specification of compressed-air purity requirements.
In addition to the above-mentioned contaminants of particles, water and oil, ISO 8573-1:2010 also identifies gaseous and microbiological contaminants.
Guidance is given in Annex A on the application of ISO 8573-1:2010.

This document specifies the dimensions and associated tolerances for a series of hydraulic cylinder rod seal housings to accommodate elastomer-energized, plastic-faced seals used in reciprocating applications.
This document does not stipulate details of seal design, since the manner of construction of seals varies with each manufacturer. The design and material of the seals, and any incorporated anti-extrusion components, are determined by conditions such as temperature and pressure.
This document only applies to the dimensional characteristics of products manufactured in accordance with this document. It does not apply to their functional characteristics.

This document specifies the dimensions and associated tolerances for a series of hydraulic cylinder piston seal housings to accommodate elastomer-energized, plastic-faced seals used in reciprocating applications.
This document does not stipulate details of seal design, since the manner of construction of seals varies with each manufacturer. The design and material of the seals, and any associated anti-extrusion components, are determined by conditions such as temperature and pressure.
This document only applies to the dimensional characteristics of products manufactured in accordance with this document. It does not apply to their functional characteristics.

This document specifies the general and dimensional requirements for the design and performance of flange hose fittings, made of carbon steel, for nominal hose inside diameters of 12,5 mm to 76 mm inclusive, in accordance with ISO 4397, for use with ports and clamps in accordance with ISO 6162‑1 and ISO 6162‑2.
Note 1 Materials other than carbon steel can be supplied as agreed between the manufacturer and user.
Note 2 For hose fittings used in hydraulic and pneumatic braking systems on road vehicles (as defined in the scope of ISO/TC 22/SC 2, Road vehicles), see ISO 4038, ISO 4039‑1 and ISO 4039‑2.
These hose fittings are for use in hydraulic fluid power systems with a hose that meets the requirements of the respective hose standards and in general applications with suitable hoses.

This document establishes methods for:
— validating equipment used to prepare secondary calibration suspensions for automatic particle counters;
— performing online secondary calibration of automatic particle counters;
— matching two or more online particle counters, i.e. to count the same number of particles at a given size by two APCs associated online;
— validating online particle counting systems with and without online dilution as used, for example, to measure the filtration efficiency of a hydraulic filter as described in the multi-pass filter test in ISO 16889.

This document specifies the code to be used in defining the quantity of solid particles in the fluid used in a given hydraulic fluid power system.

ISO 7368:2016 specifies only geometrical data relating to cavities in which two-port hydraulic slip-in cartridge valves are mounted in order to ensure interchangeability.
NOTE For example, this document does not specify rated pressures.
It applies to cavities for two-port hydraulic slip-in cartridge valves which are generally applicable to industrial equipment.

ISO 6605:2017 specifies uniform test methods for evaluating the performance of hoses and hose assemblies (hoses and attached hose fittings) used in hydraulic fluid power systems.
Specific tests and performance criteria for evaluating hoses and hose assemblies used in hydraulic applications are in accordance with the requirements of the respective product (hoses or hose fitting) specifications.

This document gives general and dimensional specifications for flanged heads, flange clamps, ports and mounting surfaces applicable to four-screw, one-piece square flange clamp type tube connectors and hose fittings for use at a pressure of 42 MPa [420 bar[1]]. It also specifies the dimensions of the seals to be used, as well as the grooves that house the seals.
These connections are intended for application in hydraulic systems on industrial and commercial products where it is desired to avoid the use of threaded connectors.
[1] 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 Pa = 1 N/m2.

This document establishes procedures for measuring the average steady-state pressure in a hydraulic fluid power conduit.
It is applicable to the measurement of average steady-state pressure in closed conduits with inside diameters greater than 3 mm, transmitting hydraulic fluid power with average fluid velocities less than 25 m/s and average steady-state static pressures less than 70 MPa.
It is not applicable to sensors which are flush mounted with, or an integral part of, the closed fluid conduit wall.
It provides the formulae for estimating the total uncertainty in a given pressure measurement.

ISO 15552:2018 establishes a metric series of basic, mounting and accessories dimensions as required for interchangeability of single or double rod pneumatic cylinders with or without provision for magnetic sensors for a maximum rated pressure of 1 000 kPa (10 bar).
ISO 15552:2018 applies to pneumatic cylinders with detachable mountings.

This document specifies a selection of nominal pressures for hydraulic and pneumatic fluid power connectors and associated components.
NOTE There can be a need to provide a selection of nominal pressures for connectors and associated components used in applications where the external pressure on the components is greater than the internal pressure, for example vacuum service. A document that deals with this subject will be established in due course.

This document specifies the general requirements and test methods for the design and performance of push-in connectors for use with thermoplastic tubes with outside diameters (OD) from 3 mm to 16 mm including dimensions in inches.
This document is intended to establish uniform methods of testing complete push-in connector assemblies as used in pneumatic fluid power applications. It is not applicable to air braking systems.

ISO 16656:2016 establishes mounting dimensions for single rod short-stroke cylinders with bores from 32 mm to 100 mm for use at 10 MPa (100 bar) with or without magnetic functions, as required for interchangeability of these commonly used hydraulic cylinders.

This document specifies the dimensions and tolerances so as to ensure the interchangeability of pneumatic quick-action coupling plugs. It also provides specifications and application guidelines, and specifies the tests to be applied to the plugs together with sockets.
NOTE 1 The construction and dimensions of sockets are left to the manufacturer's option.
This document applies to cylindrical quick-action couplings for maximum working pressures of 1 MPa, 1,6 MPa and 2,5 MPa (10 bar, 16 bar and 25 bar) for use in pneumatic fluid power systems.
NOTE 2 Quick-action couplings with shut-off valves for equipment for welding, cutting and related processes are covered by ISO 7289.
This document applies only to the dimensional criteria of products manufactured in accordance with this document. It does not apply to their functional characteristics.

This document establishes general principles for the measurement of performance parameters under static or steady-state conditions.
This document provides guidance on the sources and magnitudes of uncertainty to be expected in the calibration of and measurements using hydraulic fluid power components. It describes practical requirements for assessing the capability of the measuring system, and hence the level of uncertainty of the measurement system, or for assisting in developing a system which will meet a prescribed level of uncertainty.

This document specifies sizes and nominal working pressures for seamless and welded precision steel tubes with outside diameters in accordance with ISO 4397, and wall thicknesses and mechanical properties in accordance with ISO 3305. The nominal working pressures included in this document reflect a design factor ratio of 4 to 1 applied to the calculated burst pressures.

This document specifies acceptance and function tests for hydraulic fluid power cylinders.

ISO 5781:2016 specifies the dimensions and other data relating to surfaces on which hydraulic pressure-reducing valves, sequence valves, unloading valves, throttle valves and check valves are mounted in order to ensure interchangeability.
It applies to mounting surfaces for hydraulic pressure-reducing valves, sequence valves, unloading valves, throttle valves and check valves, which represent current practice; they are generally applicable to industrial equipment.

ISO 3723:2015 specifies a method for verifying the end load rating of a hydraulic fluid power filter element. It also verifies the ability of a hydraulic fluid power filter element to withstand the designated axial loading imposed by installation and use.

ISO 3601-5:2015 contains the material specification of a selection of standard elastomeric materials (rubber) for O-rings used in general industrial applications. It also indicates the ability of the materials to satisfy many of the requirements associated with fluid power components.
Only materials which are in universal usage are specified; other compounds are available and can be used.
The required physical properties and test methods (including test specimen) should be agreed upon between equipment manufacturer/user and O-ring manufacturer/supplier.

ISO 10762:2015 establishes mounting dimensions for cylinders for use at 10 MPa [100 bar[1]], as required for interchangeability of these cylinders.
NOTE This International Standard allows manufacturers of hydraulic equipment flexibility in the design of 10 MPa (100 bar) cylinders and does not restrict technical development; however, it does provide basic guidelines.
[1] 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2.

ISO 10771-1:2015 specifies a method of fatigue testing the pressure-containing envelopes of components used in hydraulic fluid power systems under sustained steady cyclic internal pressure loads.
This part of ISO 10771 is only applicable to component pressure-containing envelopes that
- are manufactured from metals,
- are operated at temperatures that exclude creep and low-temperature embrittlement,
- are only subjected to pressure-induced stresses,
- are not subjected to loss of strength due to corrosion or other chemical action, and
- might include gaskets, seals, and other non-metallic components; however, these are not considered part of the pressure-containing envelope being tested (see 5.7).
ISO 10771-1:2015 does not apply to piping as defined in ISO 4413 (i.e. connectors, hose, tubing, pipe). See ISO 6803 and ISO 6605 for methods of fatigue testing of piping devices.
ISO 10771-1:2015 establishes a general test method that is applicable for many hydraulic fluid power components, but additional requirements or more specific methods that can be required for particular components are contained in the annexes or other standards.
Test pressure is to be determined by the user. See ISO/TR 10771‑2 for a possible rating method.

ISO 6432:2015 establishes a metric series of mounting dimensions required for interchangeability of commonly used pneumatic cylinders for a maximum working pressure of 1 000 kPa (10 bar).
NOTE This International Standard allows manufacturers freedom of design in metric cylinders and does not restrict technical development but provides basic guidelines.

ISO/TR 16386:2014 discusses the impact of changes in International Standards for particle counting, contamination control, and filter testing.
Liquid automatic particle counters (APCs) are used in monitoring contamination levels in hydraulic fluids, to establish component and assembly cleanliness level specifications, and in determining filter efficiencies and particle size ratings. As a result of the replacement of ISO 4402 with ISO 11171 (APC calibration), the replacement of ISO 4572 with ISO 16889 (multi-pass filter test), and the publication of ISO 11943 (online particle counter calibration), the quality and reliability of particle count and filter test data have improved, increasing their usefulness to industry. However, the resultant redefinition of particle sizes and the use of a new test dust affect how contamination levels and filter performance are reported and interpreted.
NOTE The first editions of ISO 11171, ISO 16889 and ISO 11943 were published in 1999; all three of these International Standards either have been, or are in the process of being, revised.

ISO 15171-2:2016 specifies dimensions, performance requirements, and test procedures for diagnostic couplings with an M16 × 2 connection end that can be connected under pressure without tools to a maximum pressure of 40 MPa (400 bar) providing following stud ends:
? ISO 6149‑2 ? M14 × 1,5;
? ISO 9974‑2 ? M14 × 1,5;
? ISO 1179‑2 ? G 1/4;
? ISO 11926‑2 ? 7/16-20 UNF.
The dimensions of the coupler counterpart are specified. The coupling is designed for use in hydraulic systems that use mineral oils.
NOTE The use of this coupling with fluids other than mineral oil requires an agreement between the supplier and the purchaser.
Couplings in accordance with this part of ISO 15171 may be used at a maximum working pressure of 63 MPa (630 bar). The working pressure depends upon the materials, design, working conditions, application, etc.

ISO 6020-3:2015 establishes metric mounting dimensions for single rod compact series hydraulic cylinders with bores from 250 mm to 500 mm for use at 16 MPa (160 bar[1]), as required for interchangeability of commonly used hydraulic cylinders.
NOTE 1 This part of ISO 6020 allows manufacturers of hydraulic equipment flexibility in the design of metric cylinders and does not restrict technical development, but does provide basic guidelines.
NOTE 2 The compact series dimensions are most applicable to square-head cylinders.
ISO 6020-3:2015 applies only to the dimensions of manufactured products. It does not apply to their functional characteristics.
[1] 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2.

ISO 4393:2015 specifies the preferred series of piston strokes for application to single-acting and double-acting fluid power cylinders. These strokes are mainly used for pneumatic cylinders but may also be used for hydraulic cylinders.

ISO 18413:2015 specifies the content of an inspection document that specifies both the cleanliness requirement for the specified hydraulic fluid power component and the inspection method to be used for evaluating its cleanliness level. In addition, guidelines for relevant extraction methods and analysis methods are given.
Determination of what constitutes as an appropriate cleanliness level requirement for any particular component is beyond the scope of ISO 18413:2015. ISO 12669 provides a method of determining the required cleanliness of a hydraulic system. ISO TR 10686 provides a method of relating the required cleanliness of components to the required cleanliness of the hydraulic system.
For the purposes of ISO 18413:2015, approved functional liquids are considered to be components.
ISO 18413:2015 is applicable to the particulate contamination on the wetted surfaces and volumes of any hydraulic fluid power system component. Appearance defects and liquid or gaseous contamination are not covered by ISO 18413:2015.
ISO 18413:2015 does not address safety problems that might arise from hazardous materials, operations, and equipment associated with its use. The user of ISO 18413:2015 is responsible for establishing appropriate safety and health practices and determining the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ISO 10767-1:2015 establishes a test procedure for measuring the source flow ripple and source impedance of positive-displacement hydraulic pumps. It is applicable to all types of positive-displacement pumps operating under steady-state conditions, irrespective of size, provided that the pumping frequency is in the range from 50 Hz to 400Hz.
Source flow ripple causes fluid borne vibration (pressure ripple) and then airborne noise from hydraulic systems. This procedure covers a frequency range and pressure range that have been found to cause many circuits to emit airborne noise which presents a major difficulty in design of hydraulic fluid power systems. Once the source flow ripple and source impedance of hydraulic fluid power pump are known, the pressure ripple generated by the pump in the fluid power system can be calculated by computer simulation using the known ripple propagation characteristics of the system components. As such, this part of ISO 10767 allows the design of low noise fluid power systems to be realized by establishing a uniform procedure for measuring and reporting the source flow ripple and the source impedance characteristics of hydraulic fluid power pumps.
In ISO 10767-1:2015, calculation is made for blocked acoustic pressure ripple as an example of the pressure ripple. An explanation of the methodology and theoretical basis for this test procedure is given in Annex B. The test procedure is referred to here as the two pressures/two systems method. Ratings are obtained as follows:
a) source flow ripple (in the standard "Norton" model) amplitude, in cubic meter per second[m3/s], and phase, in degree, over 10 individual harmonics of pumping frequency;
b) source flow ripple (in the modified model) amplitude, in cubic meter per second [m3/s], and phase, in degree, over 10 individual harmonics of pumping frequency; and its time history wave form,
c) source impedance amplitude, in Newton second per meter to the power of five [(Ns)/m5]., and phase, in degree, over 10 individual harmonics of pumping frequency;
d) blocked acoustic pressure ripple, in MPa (1 MPa = 106 Pa) or in bar (1 bar = 105 Pa), over 10 individual harmonics of pumping frequency; and the RMS average of the pressure ripple harmonic f1 to f10.

ISO 11170:2013 defines a sequence of tests for verifying filter elements. It can be used to check their hydraulic, mechanical and separation characteristics.
ISO 11170:2013 is not intended to qualify a filter for a particular duty or replicate conditions of service. This can only be done by a specific test protocol developed for the purpose, including actual conditions of use (e.g. the operating fluid).
The procedure in ISO 11170:2013 is applicable to individual fluids or types of fluids that have similar chemistry.

ISO 1219-1:2012 establishes basic elements for symbols. It specifies rules for devising fluid power symbols for use on components and in circuit diagrams.
ISO 1219-1:2012 is a collective application standard of the ISO 14617 series. In ISO 1219-1:2012, the symbols are designed in fixed dimensions to be used directly in data processing systems, which might result in different variants.

ISO 3320:2013 establishes a metric series of cylinder bore and piston rod diameters for hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders, and specifies for each pair of diameters a corresponding standard ratio between the useful areas.
It applies only to the dimensional criteria of products manufactured in conformity with ISO 3320:2013; it does not apply to their functional characteristics.

ISO 16589 specifies seals utilizing sealing elements manufactured from suitably formulated compounds based on thermoplastic materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). They are considered suitable for use under low-pressure conditions.
ISO 16589-4:2011 specifies general performance tests which can be used for seal qualification purposes. Materials quality control, dynamic testing, and supplementary low-temperature testing requirements are covered.

ISO 16589-2:2011 establishes the vocabulary for seals utilizing sealing elements manufactured from suitably formulated compounds, based on thermoplastic materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) that are considered suitable for use under low-pressure conditions.

ISO 1219-2:2011 establishes the main rules for drawing hydraulic and pneumatic circuit diagrams using graphical symbols drawn in accordance with ISO 1219-1.
ISO 1219-2:2011 also applies to circuit diagrams relating to cooling systems, lubrication systems, cooling lubricant systems and systems of technical gases used in conjunction with fluid power applications.

ISO 16589 specifies seals utilizing sealing elements manufactured from suitably formulated compounds, based on thermoplastic materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). They are considered suitable for use under low-pressure conditions.
ISO 16589-3:2011 gives users of lip-type seals guidance on the careful storage and handling and proper installation of rotary shaft lip-type seals; attention is drawn to the hazards involved and ways of avoiding them are pointed out.

ISO 16589 specifies seals utilizing sealing elements manufactured from suitably formulated compounds based on thermoplastic materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). They are considered suitable for use under low-pressure conditions.
ISO 16589-5:2011 defines and classifies typical surface imperfections that could impair the function of the seals, and is intended as a convenience for purchasers and manufacturers in their discussions concerning the importance of these imperfections in different applications.

ISO 12151-1:2010 specifies the general and dimensional requirements for the design and performance of hose fittings with O-ring face seal ends in accordance with ISO 8434-3, made of carbon steel, for nominal hose inside diameters of 6,3 mm to 38 mm inclusive, in accordance with ISO 4397.
Materials other than carbon steel can be supplied as agreed between the manufacturer and user.
These hose fittings are used in hydraulic fluid power systems with hose that meets the requirements of the respective hose standards and in general applications with suitable hose.

ISO 16589 specifies seals utilizing sealing elements manufactured from suitably formulated compounds based on thermoplastic materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). They are considered suitable for use under low-pressure conditions.
ISO 16589-1:2011 shows seal types and examples. It also specifies the nominal dimensions and tolerance of the seals, shafts and housings, as well as a dimensional identification code.

This part of ISO 5599 specifies the requirements for a mounting interface surface without electrical connector for fiveport pneumatic directional control valves, for use at a maximum rated pressure of [ 1)]. It gives
— dimensions and tolerances of the interface features,
— port identification, and
— identification of the result of control-mechanism actuation.
It is not applicable to the functional characteristics of interfaces.