EN 16604-20:2020
(Main)Space sustainability - Planetary protection
Space sustainability - Planetary protection
This standard contains planetary protection requirements, including:
- Planetary protection management requirements;
- Technical planetary protection requirements for robotic and human missions (forward and backward contamination);
- Planetary protection requirements related to procedures;
- Document Requirements Descriptions (DRD) and their relation to the respective reviews.
This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristic and constraints of a space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00.
Nachhaltigkeit im Weltraum - Planetarer Schutz
Durabilité des activités spatiales - Protection planétaire
La présente norme contient les exigences de protection planétaire, y compris :
- les exigences de management de protection planétaire ;
- les exigences techniques de protection planétaire pour les missions robotiques et habitées (contamination terrestre et extraterrestre) ;
- les exigences de protection planétaire relatives aux procédures ;
- les définitions des exigences documentaires (DRD) et leur relation avec les revues respectives.
La présente norme peut être adaptée aux caractéristiques et contraintes spécifiques d’un projet spatial, conformément à l’ECSS-S-ST-00.
Vesoljska vzdržljivost - Planetarna zaščita
Ta standard vsebuje zahteve za planetarno zaščito, vključno z naslednjim:
– zahteve za upravljanje planetarne zaščite;
– tehnične zahteve planetarne zaščite za robotske in človeške misije (kontaminacija v smeri naprej in nazaj);
– zahteve za planetarno zaščito, povezane s postopki;
– opisi zahtev glede dokumentov (DRD) in njihova povezanost z zadevnimi pregledi.
Ta standard se lahko prilagodi posameznim lastnostim in omejitvam vesoljskega projekta v skladu s standardom ECSS-S-ST-00.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2020
Vesoljska vzdržljivost - Planetarna zaščita
Space sustainability - Planetary protection
Nachhaltigkeit im Weltraum - Planetarer Schutz
Développement durabel de l'espace - Protection planétaire
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 16604-20:2020
ICS:
49.140 Vesoljski sistemi in operacije Space systems and
operations
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 16604-20
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2020
ICS 49.140
English version
Space sustainability - Planetary protection
Durabilité des activités spatiales - Protection Nachhaltigkeit im Weltraum - Planetarer Schutz
planétaire
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 November 2019.
CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for
giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical
references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to
any CEN and CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means Ref. No. EN 16604-20:2020 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for
CENELEC Members.
Table of contents
European Foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 8
3.1 Terms from other standards . 8
3.2 Terms specific to the present standard . 8
3.3 Abbreviated terms. 11
3.4 Nomenclature . 12
4 Principles . 13
4.1 Planetary protection roles, responsibilities, and accountabilities . 13
4.1.1 COSPAR . 13
4.1.2 Customer level . 13
4.1.3 Supplier level . 14
4.2 Planetary protection category definitions . 14
4.2.1 Overview . 14
4.2.2 Category I . 14
4.2.3 Category II . 15
4.2.4 Category III . 15
4.2.5 Category IV . 15
4.2.6 Category V . 16
4.3 Mars special regions . 17
4.3.1 Introduction . 17
4.3.2 Parameter and features definition for Mars special region definitions . 17
5 Requirements . 19
5.1 Management requirements for all missions . 19
5.2 Generic technical requirements . 19
5.2.1 Flight hardware assembly . 19
5.2.2 Probability of impact . 20
1 August 2019
5.2.3 Probability of contamination . 20
5.3 Technical requirements for specific missions . 21
5.3.1 Moon missions . 21
5.3.2 Mars missions . 21
5.3.3 Europa and Enceladus missions . 25
5.3.4 Missions to small Solar system bodies . 26
5.4 Planetary protection procedures . 27
5.4.1 Bioburden controlled environments . 27
5.4.2 Bioburden assessment . 27
5.4.3 Biodiversity assessment . 29
5.4.4 Bioburden reduction . 29
5.5 Documentation . 29
5.6 Reviews . 30
5.7 Nonconformances and waivers . 31
Annex A (normative) Planetary protection requirements - DRD . 32
Annex B (normative) Planetary protection plan - DRD . 34
Annex C (normative) Planetary protection implementation plan - DRD . 36
Annex D (normative) Pre-launch planetary protection report - DRD . 39
Annex E (normative) Post-launch planetary protection report - DRD . 41
Annex F (normative) Extended mission planetary protection report - DRD . 42
Annex G (normative) End-of-mission planetary protection report - DRD . 43
Annex H (normative) Organic materials inventory - DRD . 44
Annex I (informative) Guidelines for human Mars missions . 45
Bibliography . 46
Tables
Table 5-1: Bioburden estimation . 28
Table 5-2: Planetary protection documentation . 30
European Foreword
This document (EN 16604-20:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/CLC/TC 5
“Space”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN (Germany).
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2020, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by July 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document (EN 16604-20:2020) originates from ECSS-U-ST-20C.
This document has been developed to cover specifically space systems and will therefore have
precedence over any EN covering the same scope but with a wider domain of applicability (e.g. :
aerospace).
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
1 August 2019
Introduction
Sustainability in the context of space activities is a concept that becomes more
relevant. Planetary protection regulations have applied this concept at the
international scale already for over half a century.
The legal basis for planetary protection was established in Article IX of the
United Nations Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the
Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and other Celestial
Bodies (Outer Space Treaty).
The Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) provides a forum for
international consultation and has formulated a planetary protection policy
with associated requirements as an international standard to guide compliance
with Article IX of the Outer Space Treaty.
COSPAR’s planetary protection policy and associated requirements are based
on two rationales:
1. The Earth must be protected from the potential hazard posed by extraterrestrial
matter carried by a spacecraft returning from an interplanetary mission
(backward planetary protection).
2. The conduct of scientific investigations of possible extraterrestrial life forms,
precursors, and remnants must not be jeopardized (forward planetary
protection).
This standard describes the planetary protection requirements for spaceflight
missions based on the COSPAR planetary protection policy and requirements.
The content of this document has been coordinated with the already existing
ESA and NASA standards to ensure that requirements, documentation and
reviews cover the needs and obligations of international partners for joint
missions or contributions to a third party mission.
Scope
This standard contains planetary protection requirements, including:
• Planetary protection management requirements;
• Technical planetary protection requirements for robotic and human
missions (forward and backward contamination);
• Planetary protection requirements related to procedures;
• Document Requirements Descriptions (DRD) and their relation to the
respective reviews.
This standard may be tailored for the specific characteristic and constraints of a
space project in conformance with ECSS-S-ST-00.
1 August 2019
Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through
reference in this text, constitute provisions of this ECSS Standard. For dated
references, subsequent amendments to, or revision of any of these publications
do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this ECSS Standard are
encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the more recent editions of
the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest
edition of the publication referred to applies.
EN reference Reference in text Title
EN 16601-00-01 ECSS-S-ST-00-01 ECSS System – Glossary of terms
EN 16602-10-09 ECSS-Q-ST-10-09 Space product assurance – Nonconformance control
system
EN 16602-40 ECSS-Q-ST-40 Space product assurance - Safety
EN 16602-70-01 ECSS-Q-ST-70-01 Space product assurance – Cleanliness and
contamination control
EN 16602-70-53 ECSS-Q-ST-70-53 Space product assurance – Materials and hardware
compatibility tests for sterilization processes
EN 16602-70-55 ECSS-Q-ST-70-55 Space product assurance – Microbial examination of
flight hardware and cleanrooms
EN 16602-70-56 ECSS-Q-ST-70-56 Space product assurance – Vapour phase bioburden
reduction of flight hardware
EN 16602-70-57 ECSS-Q-ST-70-57 Space product assurance – Dry heat bioburden
reduction of flight hardware
EN 16602-70-58 ECSS-Q-ST-70-58 Space product assurance – Bioburden control of
cleanrooms
IADC-WD-00-03 Interagency Debris Committee Protection Manual
Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms from other standards
a. For the purpose of this Standard, the terms and definitions from ECSS-S-
ST-00-01 apply.
b. For the purpose of this Standard the following terms and definitions
from ECSS-Q-ST-70-53 apply:
1. micro-organism
c. For the purpose of this Standard the following terms and definitions
from ECSS-Q-ST-70-58 apply:
1. bioburden
2. biodiversity
3. sterilization
3.
...
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