ISO - International Organization for Standardization

This document specifies designations for filler materials for brazing on the basis of their chemical composition. The designation includes their solidus/liquidus temperatures. This document applies to the metallic part of filler materials used in brazing products, for example foils, wires, rods, pastes, flux-coated rods or wires and flux-cored rods or wires.

This document specifies how to extend the ISO 32000-2:2020 specification by adding extensions to the Encrypt dictionary and trailer dictionary to provide integrity protection to the encrypted PDF document. This document also ensures that extensions are fully backward-compatible. These extensions are intended for developers of software that creates PDF files (PDF writers), software that reads existing PDF files and (usually) interprets their contents for display (PDF readers), software that reads and displays PDF content and interacts with the computer users to possibly modify and save the PDF file (interactive PDF processors) and PDF products that read and/or write PDF files for a variety of other purposes (PDF processors). NOTE PDF writers and PDF readers are more specialized classifications of interactive PDF processors and both are PDF processors. This document does not specify the following: — specific processes for converting paper or electronic documents to the PDF file format; — specific technical design, user interface implementation, or operational details of rendering; — specific physical methods of storing these documents such as media and storage conditions; — methods for validating the conformance of PDF files or PDF processors; — required computer hardware and/or operating system.

This document classifies flexible cellular rubber products known as sponge and expanded rubber. The base material used in their manufacture may be natural rubber, reclaimed rubber, synthetic rubber or rubber-like material, either alone or in combination. Thermoplastic rubbers are not included. This document does not apply to latex foam rubbers or shoe soling. This document covers vulcanized cellular rubber products that are manufactured by a moulding or continuous vulcanization process, i.e. hot air, microwave, infra-red, liquid curing medium (LCM), shearing-head vulcanization or a combination of two or more of these methods. Sheeting materials are covered by ISO 6916-1. In the case of conflict between the provisions of this document and those of the detailed specification or test method for a particular product, the latter takes precedence. Reference to the methods specifically states the desired test or tests.

This document specifies general requirements and corresponding test methods for a general range of non-cutting instruments in surgery.

This document describes a method for measuring the spatial resolutions, lateral and axial, of the Raman microscope.

This document defines the detailed classification of marine fuels within class F (fuels). It is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 8216-99. NOTE Class F for fuels was originally defined as part of the method of classification for petroleum products given in ISO 8681.

This document establishes a practice for the proximate analysis of coal and coke. It is intended for general utilization by the coal industry to provide a basis for comparison of coals and coke and for the determination of fixed carbon.

This document gives general guidance for the sampling and gas chromatographic analysis of compressor oil in biomethane or compressed natural gas (CNG). The compressor oil mass fraction is determined by sampling on coalescing filters under defined operational conditions (the two first cubic meters of gas referring to standard conditions, delivered at a refuelling station). Compressor oils are lubricants used in mechanical devices where the purpose is to reduce the volume and increase the pressure of gases for use in a variety of applications. The method is solely applicable to compressed gas (p>18 MPa). The compressor oil content is expressed as mass fraction. The scope of this method is from 3 mg/kg – 30 mg/kg.

This document establishes unambiguous abbreviated terms for commonly used rubber compounding ingredients of known, specific chemical composition.

This document specifies the minimum requirements for lubricants for turbines, as delivered. It is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 6743-5. This document specifies the requirements for a wide variety of lubricants for the lubrication of most types of turbines for power generation, including steam turbines, gas turbines, single shaft combined cycle turbines with common lubrication system and hydraulic turbines. This document does not specify the requirements for lubricants for wind turbines, which are covered in ISO 12925-1. The following lubricants are considered: — mineral oils, of either API groups I, II, II+, III, including group III from GTL (gas to liquid) process, and III+. Some API groups II and III are suitable for high temperature gas turbines; — synthetic lubricants, esters (API group V) and polyalphaolefins (API group IV), intended for high temperature gas turbines; — synthetic lubricants, esters (API group V) and polyalphaolefins (API group IV), environmentally acceptable for use in hydraulic turbines; — fire resistant phosphate-ester type lubricants.

This document specifies a method for sampling, extracting and preserving collembolans and mites from field soils as a prerequisite for using these animals as bio-indicators (e.g. to assess the quality of a soil as a habitat for organisms). The sampling and extraction methods of this document are applicable to almost all types of soils. Exceptions can be soils from extreme climatic conditions (hard, frozen or flooded soils) and other matrices than soil, e.g. tree trunks, plants or lichens.

This document specifies cryptographic functions of the drone/unmanned aircraft system (UAS) security module. The drone/UAS security module is a security device that serves as a container for the drone/UAS pilot license, drone/UAS operator license, and other personal identification. It provides storage space for storing optional elements and has the capability of cryptographic functions including integrity validation, authentication and data encryption.

This document defines an ontology for city-level concepts defined using terms specified in ISO/IEC 5087-1. City-level concepts are used to represent data that is shared across multiple services and stakeholders in the city. City-level concepts are distinguished by their data being read and updated by multiple city services and stakeholders.

This document provides guidance for the definition, implementation, evaluation, and improvement of the measurements necessary to effectively manage innovation activities in an organization. It establishes the fundamentals of innovation operation measurements and guides their application towards four areas: — measurements for establishing and launching innovation initiatives; — measurements for innovation processes; — measurements for innovation initiatives; — measurements of innovation portfolios. This document is applicable to: — organizations that are seeking to define and implement an innovation operations measurement approach; — organizations and interested parties seeking to improve the areas of accountability, transparency, and evidence-based assessment of innovation operations; — customers, investors, and other interested parties, seeking confidence in the organization’s innovation operations management and its results; — providers of training in innovation operations and measurements, including assessment of and consultancy for achieving results; — experts in innovation operations evaluation and impact assessment, favoring the use of a harmonized international guidance standard; — innovation policy makers and program managers who are looking to obtain evidence of progress and desired outcomes of innovation activities supported through public policies and programs. All of the guidance provided within this document is generic and intended to be applicable to: — all types of organizations regardless of sector or size, whether they be private, public, not-for-profit, governmental or societal; — all types of innovations (e.g. product, service, process, model, and method) ranging from incremental to radical; — all types of time horizons, from short-term to long-term evaluation and measurement.

This document specifies the functional requirements that build on ISO 21378 for audits in the areas of customs duties and indirect taxes [e.g. value-added tax (VAT) and excise duties]. It addresses how tax auditors obtain audit data for these audits, including data element formats and to some extent content requirements. In practice, this document applies to virtually every step in the whole process in the supply chain and covers both goods, services and works. It includes domestic transactions, cross-border transactions (import and export) and can cover both third-party and intercompany transactions or even movements of goods within the same company. This document does not describe when an event is taxable nor how to calculate tax or customs duties as this is legislation-specific and the situation can vary from country to country or even within the same country. This document covers standard exchange of the data related to taxable operations/activities by businesses to perform controls and audits more effectively and efficiently through automated tests. This document focuses on the characteristics related to taxability and the related formalities of the indirect tax and customs duties regulations. It includes the result of a tax calculation, the relevant underlying parameters which can be processed by ERP-systems and/or indirect tax/customs duties systems, and data needed to comply with indirect tax and customs duties legislation and formalities. This document is not designed to collect audit data from the regulators like tax and/or customs authorities.

This document specifies the syntax and semantics (SynSem) module of the lexical markup framework (LMF), a metamodel for representing data in monolingual and multilingual lexical databases used with computer applications. The SynSem module allows for the description of specific syntactic and semantic properties of lexemes, as well as the complex interactions between them. More specifically, the syntax part of the module describes the properties of a lexeme when combined with other lexemes in a sentence. When recorded in a lexicon, these properties make up the syntactic description of a lexical entry instance. The semantics part of the module, on the other hand, describes the sense of a lexeme and its relationship with other senses belonging to the same language. The SynSem interface describes the predicates and the mapping between syntactic and semantic arguments. This serialization covers the classes of ISO 24613-1 (Core model), ISO 24613-2 (Machine-readable dictionary (MRD) model) and ISO 24613-4 (TEI serialization).

This document specifies a method for determining the particle density of compressed fuels such as pellets or briquettes. Particle density is not an absolute value and conditions for its determination have to be standardized to enable comparative determinations to be made.

This document specifies requirements for the selection, placement and fixation of flexible postural support devices within seating devices and systems and to chairs, including wheelchairs and bathroom equipment. Seating devices can be involved in one or more situations, including hoists, static seating, wheelchair seating, shower chairs, etc. The devices enable the seated person (the occupant) to be positioned to maximize their functional activities in a safe environment. These requirements are formulated to achieve a balance of posture maintenance and safety. This document covers flexible positioning supports (padded or otherwise) used for postural positioning and/or safety. It does not cover belts and harnesses used in transportation for restraint, postural support devices made from rigid materials such as metal, wood, or hard plastics, or postural support devices designed solely for use in sports-related seating.

This document describes the thread profiles of the five most common worm profile types and provides formulae of their axial profiles. The five worm profile types covered in this document are designated by the letters A, C, I, K and N. This document provides the formulae to calculate the path of contact, the conjugate profile of the worm wheel, the lines of contact, the radius of curvature and the velocities at points of contact. The application of those formulae to calculate parameters used in load capacity calculations are provided in 11.11.

This document specifies the compositional ranges of a series of filler metals used for brazing. The filler metals are divided into seven classes, related to their composition but not necessarily to the major element present. NOTE 1 For the major element(s) present, see Annex A. In the case of composite products, such as flux-coated rods, pastes or plastics tapes, this document covers only the filler metal that forms parts of such products. The melting temperatures given in the tables are only approximate, as they necessarily vary within the compositional range of the filler metal. Therefore, they are given only for information. Technical delivery conditions are given for brazing filler metals and products containing brazing filler metals with other constituents such as flux and/or binders. NOTE 2 For some applications, such as precious metal jewellery, aerospace and dental, filler metals other than those included in this document are often used. These are covered by other International Standards to which reference can be made.

This document provides requirements for the biobanking of helminths as parasitic resources including the collection, safeguarding, classification, proliferation, preservation, storage and distribution of helminths. This document sets requirements for the quality of helminths and their associated data, the data collection, and safety management when handling the helminths as a source of human disease infection. This document is applicable to all organizations performing biobanking with helminths used for research and development. NOTE International, national or regional regulations or requirements, or multiple of them, can also apply to specific topics covered in this document.

This document gives a list of FTSC (fire potential, i.e. “oxidizing power and flammability”, toxicity, state of the gas, and corrosiveness) codes determined according to the relevant properties of gases and of some liquids that are transported under pressure. It does not cover material compatibility with gases which is covered by the ISO 11114 series.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the static vulcanized adhesion strength of rubber compounds to rigid materials. The test piece is composed of two conical ends of the rigid material, joined by a cylinder of rubber. The adhesion is obtained by a bonding system which can include not only the rigid material and the rubber compound, but other elements such as thin alloy coatings or chemical treatments of rigid parts and either a single cement or both primer and cover cements. The bonding system for preparing the test pieces should be adequately specified by the user, but a provision is made in this document for the evaluation of different types of failure related to a complex bonding system. The method is designed primarily for test pieces prepared in the laboratory under standard conditions in order to provide data for development and control of bonding systems and their components, such as cements or special rubber compounds, and of methods of manufacture. While intended to be applied where the rubber is bonded to rigid supporting pieces, it can be inapplicable such cases where the support, although of high-modulus material, has a low rigidity due to small transverse dimensions, as in the case of rubber bonded to metal wires, cords or thin sheets.

This document identifies ergonomic or human-systems issues and guidance for the development and use of systems involving immersive environments, augmented reality and virtual reality. This includes: a) environments where the user is provided with a perception of being physically present in a virtually-created world; b) environments where the user is represented virtually and can interact in a real-world environment; c) environments involving artificial reality, augmented reality, virtual reality, mixed reality and similar simulated realities; d) computer-generated environments where the user interacts with simulated objects in a manner similar to how the user would interact with the real-world counterparts of these objects. This document is not an exploration of the philosophical, ethical or political issues surrounding the use of immersive environments. This document limits its treatment of the technologies used to create immersive environments to focusing on their interactions with users and does not investigate other aspects of these technologies. The target audience for this document is decision-makers, designers and engineers who would benefit from the consideration of human-systems issues of immersive environments. Futurists, researchers, technology developers, regulators and legislators could also find this document useful.

This document specifies general requirements for ultrafine powder of herbs to ensure their quality and safety. This document applies to ultrafine powder of herbs that are sold and used as natural medicines in international trade, including finished products derived from this powder.

This document specifies terminology, classification, requirements and test methods for portable suction equipment primarily intended to be used by dental professionals in non-permanent healthcare environments. This document applies to portable suction equipment incorporated in a portable dental unit and free-standing portable suction equipment. The requirements in this document focus on portability. This document specifies requirements for information to be supplied by the manufacturer on the performance, operation and maintenance of portable suction equipment designed and constructed to be transported for use in non-permanent healthcare environments. This document also specifies requirements for the instructions to be supplied by the manufacturer on assembling, disassembling and packing for human transport between non-permanent healthcare environments. This document does not apply to stationary dental equipment, wearable equipment (such as headlamps and loupes), mobile dental equipment or portable dental equipment that is not intended to be used in non-permanent healthcare environments or not designed to be disassembled, folded or packed for human transport between non-permanent healthcare environments. Also, requirements for stationary dental equipment that can be installed in a dental mobile medical facility (e.g. vehicular or containerized mobile dental clinic) are not considered in this document. This document specifies requirements for portable suction equipment used to provide reduced pressure and flow at the cannula connector. This document does not apply to portable suction equipment used for life support or for scavenging halogenated anaesthetic gases.

This document specifies a method which covers the determination of Gd2O3 content in UO2 fuel pellets, by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Either wave dispersion X-ray fluorescence (WD-XRF) or energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) is applicable, however, this document states a method by using WD-XRF using Gd Lα-line. This method has been tested for mass fractions of from 2 % to 10 % Gd2O3.

This document specifies test methods for the exoskeleton-type walking RACA robot used as medical electrical equipment which is intended to move from one location to another, by making reciprocating motion having intermittent contact with the travel surface. This document does not apply to passive or non-powered exoskeletons. NOTE These tests can be used to verify conformity with the requirements of IEC 80601-2-78.

This document provides general requirements and recommendations on the principles, procedures, and methods for investigating incidents where there have been injuries, illnesses, damage to health, fatalities to consumers, damage to property or environmental damage related to the use of products, services or facilities by consumers. NOTE 1 These incidents can occur anywhere. This document is applicable to any person or any organization of any size, whether it is public, private or community-based. NOTE 2 This document is not limited to incidents while products, services or facilities are in use, but also includes incidents that occur when products, services or facilities are not in use, such as during transportation or storage by consumers.

This document specifies the determination of phytase activity in feeding stuff samples, including feed raw materials from plant origin, compound feeds (complete, complementary, mineral feeds), premixtures and feed additives. The method is applicable to, and is collaboratively validated for, the determination of phytase activity in complete feed, complementary feed including mineral feed, premixtures and feed additives. The method does not distinguish between phytase added as a feed additive and endogenous phytase already present in the feed materials. Therefore, the method is also applicable for feed materials from plant origin. The method does not apply to evaluating or comparing the in vivo efficacy of the phytase product. It is not a predictive method of the in vivo efficacy of phytases present on the market as they can develop different in vivo efficacy per unit of activity.

This document describes a basic role and functional model for mobility services using low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite systems for ITS services. This document provides: a) a role and functional model using a LEO satellite system for mobility services; b) a description of the concept of operations (CONOPS), and the relevant role models; c) a conceptual architecture between actors involved; d) references for the key documents on which the architecture is based; e) a mobility service use case summary. In-vehicle control systems are not within the scope of this document. This document scope is limited to mobility services using physical and digital infrastructure. NOTE Physical infrastructure facilities include for example, battery charging facilities, dynamic charging facilities for battery electric vehicles, physical infrastructure markings, physical traffic regulation signs, mobility monitoring facilities, emergency response service support facilities, traffic operation control centre facilities, fee collection service facilities (e.g. road usage fee), battery electric vehicle charging facilities, online reservation and online mobility usage fee payment facilities, and other infrastructure platform facilities that support ITS mobility services.

This document specifies the evaluation methods for size and concentration indices of fine bubbles (FBs) generated through a nozzle. It only applies to FB dispersions (FBDs) in water generated through the nozzle. It describes the sampling method for a FBD from the nozzle into the retention container and the measurements of size and concentration indices. Major applications of the equipment include components of various industrial water systems and consumer baths and kitchens.

This document specifies a method for the determination of carbon monoxide (CO) in the vapour phase of mainstream cigarette smoke collected with the smoking regime specified in ISO 4387.

This document specifies the minimum requirements for textile-reinforced, smooth-bore rubber water-suction and discharge hoses and hose assemblies. Three types of hoses and hose assemblies are specified according to their operating duty requirements, i.e. their ambient and water temperature ranges: — ambient temperatures: −25 °C to +70 °C; — water temperatures during operation: 0 °C to +70 °C.

This document provides an overview, risk assessment, minimum security requirements and extended security guidelines for code-scanning payment in which the payer uses a mobile device to operate the payment transaction. This document is applicable to cases where the payment code is used to initiate a mobile payment and presented by either the payer or the payee. The following is excluded from the scope of this document: — details of payer and payee onboarding; — details of the supporting payment infrastructure, as described in 5.1.

This document specifies the requirements for general-purpose textile-reinforced thermoplastics water-discharge hoses.

This document specifies a test method for determining the liquid tightness of clothing for protection against rain, using a static manikin exposed to large amount of high energy droplets from above. It is applicable to the testing of jackets, trousers, coats and one- or two-piece suits. This document is not applicable to the testing of garments for resistance to other weather conditions, e.g. snow, hail-, or strong winds. NOTE For general background of the rain simulation, see Annex A.

This document describes the methods that are available to perform a spectral analysis of a pavement surface profile. It specifies a method for performing spatial frequency analysis (or texture wavelength analysis) of two-dimensional surface profiles that describe the pavement texture amplitude as a function of the distance along a straight or curved trajectory over the pavement. It also details an alternative (non-preferred) method to obtain these spectra: a) constant-percentage bandwidth obtained by digital filtering (normative method); b) constant narrow bandwidth frequency analysis by means of discrete Fourier transform (DFT), followed by a transformation of the narrow-band spectrum to an octave- or one-third-octave-band spectrum (informative). The result of the frequency analysis will be a spatial frequency (or texture wavelength) spectrum in constant-percentage bandwidth bands of octave or one-third-octave bandwidth. The objective of this document is to standardize the spectral characterization of pavement surface profiles. This objective is pursued by providing a detailed description of the analysis methods and related requirements for those who are involved in pavement characterization but are not familiar with general principles of frequency analysis of random signals. These methods and requirements are generally applicable to all types of random signals; however, they are elaborated in this document for their use in pavement surface profile analysis. NOTE The spectral analysis as specified in this document cannot express all characteristics of the surface profile under study. In particular, the effects of asymmetry of the profile, e.g. the difference of certain functional qualities for “positive” and “negative” profiles cannot be expressed by the power spectral density, as it disregards any asymmetry of the signal (see Annex B).

This document specifies the minimum chemical and microbiological quality requirements, for water used for preparation of dialysis fluids, concentrates, and for the reprocessing of haemodialysers, together with the necessary steps to ensure conformity with the requirements. The document also provides guidance for the ongoing monitoring of the purity of such water in terms of chemical and microbiological quality. This document is applicable to — water used in the preparation of dialysis fluids for haemodialysis, haemodiafiltration and haemofiltration and the reprocessing of haemodialysers, and — water used in the preparation of concentrates. This document does not apply to dialysis fluid regenerating systems. The operation of water treatment equipment and the final mixing of treated water with concentrates to produce dialysis fluid are the sole responsibility of dialysis professionals.

This document specifies the minimum chemical and microbiological quality requirements for dialysis fluids used in haemodialysis and related therapies. This document applies to — dialysis fluids used for haemodialysis and haemodiafiltration, — substitution fluid produced online for haemodiafiltration and haemofiltration based on dialysis fluid This document does not apply to — the water and concentrates used to prepare dialysis fluid or the equipment to produce dialysis fluid — sorbent-based dialysis fluid regeneration systems that regenerate and recirculate small volumes of dialysis fluid, — systems for continuous renal replacement therapy that use pre-packaged solutions, and — systems and solutions for peritoneal dialysis. The delivery and monitoring of the dialysis fluid composition and its permitted deviation from set points is governed by protective systems defined in IEC 60601-2-16.

This document specifies the chemical and microbiological requirements for concentrates used for haemodialysis and related therapies and applies to the manufacturer of such concentrates. This document is applicable to: — concentrates in both liquid and powder forms; — additives, also called spikes, which are chemicals that can be added to the concentrate to supplement or increase the concentration of one or more of the existing ions in the concentrate and thus in the final dialysis fluid; — equipment used to mix acid and bicarbonate powders into concentrate at the user's facility. This document does not apply to: — concentrates prepared from pre-packaged salts and water at a dialysis facility for use in that facility; — pre-packaged and sterile dialysis fluid; — sorbent dialysis fluid regeneration systems that regenerate and recirculate small volumes of the dialysis fluid; — equipment to perform patient treatment; this is addressed IEC 60601-2-16. This document does not cover the dialysis fluid that is used to clinically dialyse patients. Dialysis fluid is covered in ISO 23500-5. The making of dialysis fluid involves the proportioning of concentrate and water at the bedside or in a central dialysis fluid delivery system. Although the label requirements for dialysis fluid are placed on the labelling of the concentrate, it is the user's responsibility to ensure proper use.

This document specifies requirements for the additive manufacturing of metallic parts with directed energy deposition (DED) in the aerospace industry. Within the application scope of this document, wire is used as feedstock, and arc processes (gas-shielded metal arc processes (MIG/MAG/GMAW), tungsten inert gas processes (TIG/GTAW), plasma arc processes (PAW)) are used as the main energy source. This document is to be used in conjunction with the engineering documents, if required by the engineering authority. This document does not address health and safety issues.

This document identifies issues and considerations for managing records in structured data environments.

This document provides a report on tests that were performed to ensure the "safety and quality" requirements of detection and avoidance (DAA) systems used between UASs and other objects, including aircraft. This document describes test methods and the results of related experiments, which successfully meet the requirements of a DAA system architecture with radar and optical sensors.