SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
(Main)Railway applications - Axlebox condition monitoring - Interface and design requirements - Part 1: Track side equipment and rolling stock axlebox
Railway applications - Axlebox condition monitoring - Interface and design requirements - Part 1: Track side equipment and rolling stock axlebox
This part of EN 15437 defines the minimum characteristics for the interface between a trackside Hot Axlebox Detector (HABD) and Rolling Stock (RST) that comply with the European Directives for Interoperability to ensure that the minimum functional requirement of the interface is achieved.
The minimum requirements of the interface apply to:
a) Rolling stock conforming to standard European railway gauge, that is 1 435 mm;
b) Rolling stock axles fitted with outboard bearings;
NOTE 1 The design of rolling stock axles fitted with inboard bearings should respect the requirements set out in Note 2 of 5.2.
c) Rolling stock with a maximum design speed lower than 250 km/h;
NOTE 2 Interoperable rolling stock with a maximum design speed higher than or equal to 250 km/h are mandated to have on-board equipment for axlebox condition monitoring. The requirements for on-board equipment are described in !EN 15437-2:2012+A1:2022.
NOTE 3 Interoperable rolling stock with a maximum design speed higher than or equal to 250 km/h are outside the scope of this Part of the standard. However, if such rolling stock are required to be monitored by HABDs their target area should comply with the requirements specified in this standard, except where stated otherwise.
d) Trackside HABDs that are required to monitor rolling stock with a maximum design speed higher than or equal to 250 km/h.
The rolling stock requirements of the interface are described in Clause 5 and for the HABD requirements of the interface are described in Clause 6.
The scope of this part (part 1) of the standard does not include:
- Hot Wheel (Hot Disc) Detectors (HWDs). However, HWD are often installed in combination with trackside HABD to provide a dual monitoring system. This standard does not prevent the use of such a combination;
- how a HABD measures the temperature and identifies axle box position. This is part of an individual equipment design and not part of the functional requirements of this standard;
- operational requirements for acting on the information reported by the HABD system;
- maintenance requirements for HABD systems.
Bahnanwendungen - Zustandsüberwachung von Radsatzlagern - Schnittstellen und Gestaltungsanforderungen - Teil 1: Heißläuferortungsanlagen und Radsatzlagergehäusegestaltung
Dieser Teil der EN 15437 legt die Mindesteigenschaften für die Schnittstelle zwischen einer streckenseitigen Heißläuferortungsanlage und einem Schienenfahrzeug fest, welche den Europäischen Richtlinien für Interoperabilität entsprechen, um sicherzustellen, dass die funktionalen Mindestanforderungen dieser Schnittstelle erreicht werden.
Die Mindestanforderungen der Schnittstelle sind anzuwenden für:
a) Fahrzeuge, die der europäischen Standardspurweite 1 435 mm entsprechen;
b) Radsätze, die außengelagert sind;
ANMERKUNG 1 Für die Konstruktion innengelagerter Radsätze sollte die Anforderungen der Anmerkung 2 in 5.2 beachtet werden.
c) Fahrzeuge mit einer Maximalgeschwindigkeit von weniger als 250 km/h;
ANMERKUNG 2 Interoperable Fahrzeuge mit einer Maximalgeschwindigkeit von oder über 250 km/h sind zur Überwachung der Radsatzlagerzustände, mit Onboard-Systemen ausgerüstet. Die Anforderungen für Onboard-Systeme werden in EN 15437 2:2012+A1:2022 beschrieben.
ANMERKUNG 3 Interoperable Fahrzeuge mit einer Maximalgeschwindigkeit von oder über 250 km/h liegen nicht im Anwendungsbereich dieses Teils der Norm. Wenn es jedoch erforderlich ist, dass !solche Schienenfahrzeuge" durch HOA überwacht werden müssen, sollte die Konstruktion den Anforderungen entsprechen, die in dieser Norm definiert sind, falls nicht bereits an anderer Stelle festgelegt.
d) streckenseitige HOA, die erforderlich sind, um Schienenfahrzeuge mit einer Geschwindigkeit von oder über 250 km/h zu überwachen.
Die Fahrzeuganforderungen für diese Schnittstelle sind im Abschnitt 5 beschrieben. Die HOA-Anforderungen für diese Schnittstelle sind im Abschnitt 6 angegeben.
Der Anwendungsbereich dieses Teils (Teil 1) der Norm beinhaltet nicht:
- Festbremsortungsanlagen (FBOA). Festbremsortungsanlagen sind oft in Kombination mit einer streckenseitigen HOA installiert, um ein duales Überwachungssystem bereitzustellen. Diese Norm schließt die Nutzung einer solchen Kombination nicht aus;
- wie eine HOA die Temperatur misst und die Position der Radsatzlager im Zug feststellt. Dies ist Bestandteil der individuellen Systemauslegung und nicht Teil der funktionellen Anforderungen dieser Norm;
- betriebliche Anforderungen, wie die Informationen der HOA weiterverarbeitet werden;
- Wartungsanforderungen für HOA.
Applications ferroviaires - Surveillances des boîtes d’essieux - Exigences liées aux interfaces - Partie 1: Équipements des voies et conception des boîtes d’essieu pour matériel roulant
La présente partie de l'EN 15437 définit les caractéristiques minimales de l’interface entre les détecteurs de boîtes chaudes et le matériel roulant, en conformité avec les directives européennes pour l’interopérabilité pour s’assurer que les exigences fonctionnelles minimales des interfaces sont respectées.
Les exigences minimales des interfaces s’appliquent :
a) au matériel roulant se conformant au gabarit ferroviaire européen normalisé, qui est de 1 435 mm ;
b) au matériel roulant équipé avec des essieux côté extérieur ;
NOTE 1 Il convient que la conception des essieux du matériel roulant équipé de roulements respecte les exigences présentées dans la note 2 du paragraphe 5.2.
c) matériel roulant dont la vitesse maximale de conception est inférieure à 250 km/h;
NOTE 2 Le matériel roulant interopérable dont la vitesse maximale de conception est supérieure ou égale à 250 km/h est autorisé à avoir à bord des équipements de surveillance des conditions des boîtes d’essieu. Les exigences pour les équipements de bord sont décrites dans l'EN 15437-2:2012+A1:2022.
NOTE 3 Le matériel roulant interopérable !dont la vitesse maximale de conception est supérieure ou égale à 250 km/h" est en dehors du champ d’application de cette partie de la présente norme. Néanmoins, s’il est exigé que !ce matériel roulant" soit suivi par des DBC, sa zone de visée doit être conforme aux exigences spécifiées dans la présente norme, sauf s’il est établi autre part.
d) aux DBC installés le long des voies qui sont exigés pour suivre le matériel roulant dont la vitesse maximale par conception est supérieure ou égale à 250 km/h.
Les exigences de matériel roulant pour l’interface sont décrites dans l’Article 5 et les exigences pour les DBC de l’interface sont décrites dans l’Article 6.
Le champ d’application de cette partie (partie 1) de la présente norme n’inclut pas :
- les détecteurs de roues chaudes (les disques chauds). Néanmoins, les détecteurs de roues chaudes sont souvent installés en combinaison avec les DBC le long de la voie pour permettre un système de suivi dual. La présente norme n’empêche pas le recours à ce type de combinaison ;
- la façon dont un DBC mesure les températures et identifie la position des boîtes d’essieu. Ceci est considéré comme une partie de la conception des équipements individuels et ne constitue pas une partie des exigences fonctionnelles de la présente norme ;
- les exigences d’exploitation pour agir sur l’information transmise par le système DBC ;
- les exigences de maintenance des systèmes DBC.
Železniške naprave - Nadzor ohišja ležajev kolesnih dvojic - Mesto meritev in zahteve pri načrtovanju - 1. del: Progovna oprema in ohišja ležajev železniških vozil (vključno z dopolnilom A1)
Ta del standarda EN 15437 opredeljuje minimalne lastnosti vmesnika med detektorjem vročega ohišja ležajev na tirih (HABD) in tirnim vozilom (RST), ki so v skladu z evropskimi direktivami o interoperabilnosti, da so izpolnjene minimalne funkcionalne zahteve vmesnika.
Minimalne zahteve za vmesnik veljajo za:
a) tirna vozila, ki ustrezajo standardnemu evropskemu železniškemu tiru, to je 1435 mm;
b) gredi tirnih vozil, opremljena z zunanjimi ležaji;
OPOMBA 1: Zasnova gredi tirnih vozil, opremljenih z notranjimi ležaji, mora upoštevati zahteve iz opombe 2 k točki 5.2.
c) tirna vozila z največjo konstrukcijsko določeno hitrostjo, nižjo od 250 km/h;
OPOMBA 2: Interoperabilna tirna vozila z največjo konstrukcijsko določeno hitrostjo višjo ali enako 250 km/h morajo imeti v vozilu opremo za nadzor stanja ohišja ležajev kolesnih dvojic. Zahteve za opremo v vozilu so opisane v standardu !EN 15437-2:2012+A1:2022.
OPOMBA 3: Interoperabilna tirna vozila z največjo konstrukcijsko določeno hitrostjo višjo ali enako 250 km/h ne sodijo na področje uporabe tega dela standarda. Če pa se zahteva, da takšna tirna vozila nadzirajo naprave HABD, mora biti njihov ciljni doseg, če ni navedeno drugače, v skladu z zahtevami iz tega standarda.
d) naprave HABD ob progi, ki so potrebne za nadzor tirnih vozil z največjo konstrukcijsko določeno hitrostjo, višjo ali enako 250 km/h.
Zahteve za vmesnik za tirna vozila so opisane v točki 5, zahteve za vmesnik za HABD pa so opisane v točki 6.
Področje uporabe tega dela (1. dela) standarda ne vključuje:
– detektorjev vročih koles (Hot Disc) (HWD). Vendar so naprave HWD pogosto nameščene v kombinaciji s HABD ob progi, da zagotovijo dvojni sistem nadzora. Ta standard ne preprečuje uporabe takšne kombinacije;
– kako HABD meri temperaturo in prepozna položaj ohišja ležajev. To je del zasnove posamezne opreme in ni del funkcionalnih zahtev tega standarda;
– operativne zahteve za ukrepanje na podlagi informacij, ki jih sporoča sistem HABD;
– zahteve vzdrževanja za sisteme HABD.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
01-marec-2023
Železniške naprave - Nadzor ohišja ležajev kolesnih dvojic - Mesto meritev in
zahteve pri načrtovanju - 1. del: Progovna oprema in ohišja ležajev železniških
vozil (vključno z dopolnilom A1)
Railway applications - Axlebox condition monitoring - Interface and design requirements
- Part 1: Track side equipment and rolling stock axlebox
Bahnanwendungen - Zustandsüberwachung von Radsatzlagern - Schnittstellen und
Gestaltungsanforderungen - Teil 1: Heißläuferortungsanlagen und
Radsatzlagergehäusegestaltung
Applications ferroviaires - Surveillances des boîtes d’essieux - Exigences liées aux
interfaces - Partie 1: Équipements des voies et conception des boîtes d’essieu pour
matériel roulant
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2022
ICS:
45.040 Materiali in deli za železniško Materials and components
tehniko for railway engineering
SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
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SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
EN 15437-1:2009+A1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 45.060.01 Supersedes EN 15437-1:2009
English Version
Railway applications - Axlebox condition monitoring -
Interface and design requirements - Part 1: Track side
equipment and rolling stock axlebox
Applications ferroviaires - Surveillances des boîtes Bahnanwendungen - Zustandsüberwachung von
d'essieux - Exigences liées aux interfaces - Partie 1: Radsatzlagern - Schnittstellen und
Équipements des voies et conception des boîtes Gestaltungsanforderungen - Teil 1:
d'essieu pour matériel roulant Heißläuferortungsanlagen und
Radsatzlagergehäusegestaltung
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 February 2009 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 21
November 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 10
5 Rolling stock requirements . 11
5.1 Target zone . 11
5.1.1 General . 11
5.1.2 Dimensions of the target area . 11
5.1.3 Position of the centre of the target area in the XY plane . 12
5.1.4 Visibility requirements for the target area. 12
5.2 Prohibitive zone . 13
5.2.1 General . 13
5.2.2 Dimensions of the prohibitive zone . 13
5.2.3 Position of the centre of the prohibitive zone in the XY plane . 13
5.3 Electromagnetic interference emissions . 15
5.4 Design drawings . 15
5.5 Protective finish. 15
6 HABD requirements for its interface with rolling stock . 15
6.1 General . 15
6.2 HABD temperature measuring zone . 15
6.3 HABD installation requirements . 17
7 HABD system requirements . 18
7.1 HABD functions . 18
7.2 HABD temperature alarms . 18
7.3 HABD general requirements . 19
Annex A (informative) An example of an alternative HABD temperature measuring zone. 20
Annex B (informative) Guidance for HABD installation . 22
Annex C (informative) Accuracy of the HABD’s calculated temperature of an axlebox . 23
Annex D (informative) Examples of HABD system temperature alarm levels across Europe. 24
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of Directive (EU) 2016/797/EC aimed to be covered . 25
Bibliography . 27
2
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SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2022 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256
“Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2023, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 21 November 2022.
This document will supersede EN 15437-1:2009.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !".
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU
Directive(s) / Regulation(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s) / Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral
part of this document.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
3
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SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2022 (E)
Introduction
Failed axle bearings on rolling stock create a hazard to the safe operation of the railway. If an axle
bearing fails whilst rolling stock is in-service there is the potential for a catastrophic event. A
catastrophic event may result in fatalities, severe damage to rolling stock and/or the infrastructure and
a risk that rolling stock may derail and/or a fire may develop.
One indication that a bearing is about to fail is a rise in the heat generated by the bearing. Bearings that
are about to fail may therefore be detected by monitoring their temperature to identify an unacceptable
rise.
World-wide experience shows that one way of managing the risk is by installing trackside Hot AxleBox
Detectors (HABDs) to monitor the in-service temperature of rolling stock axleboxes.
The sensors of a trackside HABD measure the thermal radiation emitted from the axleboxes of in-
service rolling stock. The level of thermal radiation is influenced by the emmissivity of the axlebox
surface, which is influenced by the material, design, surface finish and operational conditions (dust,
rain, etc). Even though operational conditions are continually changing the surface emmissivity of the
axlebox, long term experience indicates that such changing conditions can be tolerated.
This part of EN 15437 covers the monitoring of axlebox temperature by trackside HABD. It was
developed by Working Group 35 "Hot Box Detection" of CEN Technical Committee 256 Railway
Applications. It defines the minimum requirements for the interface between a trackside HABD and
rolling stock, to ensure that the system works. It is important to note that Clause 1, Scope, sets out the
minimum requirements for the interface.
The requirements set out in this document are based on long term existing rules, practices and
procedures developed and currently in use by European member railway undertaking’s (RUs) and
infrastructure managers (IMs).
The following principles have been applied:
a) The railway system requires technical rules in order to ensure an acceptable interface between
rolling stock and trackside HABD.
b) In view of the increasing significance of international traffic, the standardisation of this interface is
required.
c) It is of particular importance that the existing level of safety and reliability is not compromised.
d) The Cartesian co-ordinate system is used to define dimensions and positions, that is X is
longitudinal, Y is lateral and Z is vertical.
Some rolling stock, according to their performance or design, is fitted with on-board equipment to
monitor axle bearings for potential overheating. However, in most cases, axle bearings continue to be
monitored by trackside Hot Axle Bearing Detectors which is the subject of this standard.
!EN 15437-2:2012+A1:2022 covers on-board temperature monitoring of axle bearings."
Alternative technology is available, or being developed, to monitor the condition of axle bearings, using
vibration sensors, thermocouples, etc. and may in the future be addressed by additional parts to this
standard.
4
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SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2022 (E)
1 Scope
This part of EN 15437 defines the minimum characteristics for the interface between a trackside Hot
Axlebox Detector (HABD) and Rolling Stock (RST) that comply with the European Directives for
Interoperability to ensure that the minimum functional requirement of the interface is achieved.
The minimum requirements of the interface apply to:
a) Rolling stock conforming to standard European railway gauge, that is 1 435 mm;
b) Rolling stock axles fitted with outboard bearings;
NOTE 1 The design of rolling stock axles fitted with inboard bearings should respect the requirements set
out in Note 2 of 5.2.
c) !Rolling stock with a maximum design speed lower than 250 km/h";
!deleted text"
NOTE 2 Interoperable rolling stock !with a maximum design speed higher than or equal to
250 km/h" are mandated to have on-board equipment for axlebox condition monitoring. The requirements
for on-board equipment are described in !EN 15437-2:2012+A1:2022".
NOTE 3 Interoperable rolling stock !with a maximum design speed higher than or equal to
250 km/h" are outside the scope of this Part of the standard. However, if !such rolling stock" are
required to be monitored by HABDs their target area should comply with the requirements specified in this
standard, except where stated otherwise.
d) !Trackside HABDs that are required to monitor rolling stock with a maximum design speed
higher than or equal to 250 km/h".
The rolling stock requirements of the interface are described in Clause 5 and for the HABD
requirements of the interface are described in Clause 6.
The scope of this part (part 1) of the standard does not include:
— Hot Wheel (Hot Disc) Detectors (HWDs). However, HWD are often installed in combination with
trackside HABD to provide a dual monitoring system. This standard does not prevent the use of
such a combination;
— how a HABD measures the temperature and identifies axle box position. This is part of an individual
equipment design and not part of the functional requirements of this standard;
— operational requirements for acting on the information reported by the HABD system;
— maintenance requirements for HABD systems.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
!
EN 15273-3:2013+A1:2016, Railway applications — Gauges — Part 3: Structure gauges
EN 15437-2:2012+A1:2022, Railway applications — Axlebox condition monitoring — Interface and
design requirements — Part 2: Performance and design requirements of on-board systems for temperature
monitoring
5
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SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2022 (E)
EN 50121-4:2016, Railway applications — Electromagnetic compatibility — Part 4: Emission and
immunity of the signalling and telecommunications apparatus
EN 50125-3:2003, Railway applications — Environmental conditions for equipment — Part 3: Equipment
for signalling and telecommunications
EN IEC 62368-1:2020, Audio/video, information and communication technology equipment - Part 1:
Safety requirements (IEC 62368-1:2018)
ISO 14837-1:2005, Mechanical vibration — Ground-borne noise and vibration arising from rail systems —
Part 1: General guidance
"
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
axle bearing
bearing or bearing assembly on a rail vehicle axle that transmits a proportion of the weight of the rail
vehicle directly to the wheelset
Note 1 to entry: For the purpose of this definition bearings associated with the mounting of traction motors or
traction drives are excluded.
3.1.1
inboard axle bearing
axle bearings that are positioned on the wheelset axle between the wheels of the wheelset
3.1.2
outboard axle bearing
axle bearings that are positioned on the wheelset axle ends outside of the space between the wheels of
the wheelset
3.2
axlebox
structure, including for example cartridge bearing adaptor, which houses, or is in contact with, the axle
journal bearing and provides an interface with the bogie and/or suspension arrangement
3.3
hot axlebox detector (HABD)
trackside system that includes:
— sensors that measure the thermal radiation emitted from a defined area on each axlebox of a
passing rail vehicle;
— data processing that calculates a temperature for each axlebox from these measured data;
— data processing that identifies signs that an axlebox is (or axleboxes are) overheated;
— communication link to transmit and receive data
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SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2022 (E)
3.4
target zone
defined area on the underside of an axlebox that is designed to have its temperature monitored by a
HABD
3.5
target area
plan view dimensions, that is in the XY plane, of the target zone
3.6
axlebox temperature
temperature of the target zone as calculated by a HABD
3.7
differential temperature
temperature difference between the two axlebox temperatures of a wheelset, or of a pair of wheels at
the same position, as calculated by the HABD
3.8
temperature alarm
indication that a calculated axlebox temperature has exceeded a preset temperature level
3.8.1
hot temperature alarm
indication that a calculated axlebox temperature has exceeded a preset hot temperature level
3.8.2
warm temperature alarm
indication that a calculated axlebox temperature has exceeded a preset warm temperature level
3.8.3
differential temperature alarm
indication that a calculated differential temperature, between the left and right axleboxes of a wheelset,
has exceeded a preset differential temperature level
3.8.4
train-side differential temperature alarm
indication that a calculated differential temperature, between the temperature of the axlebox compared
to the average temperature of all the axleboxes along its side of the train, has exceeded a preset train-
side differential temperature level
3.9
prohibitive zone
zone in which heat sources such as exhausts, which might influence the behaviour of a HABD, are
excluded or thermally shielded
3.10
track coordinates
track coordinates, Figure 1, are based on the right hand rule Cartesian coordinate system, where the
positive X-axis (longitudinal) is along the track in the direction of travel, the Z-axis is vertically upwards
and the origin is at the centre of the track and level with the top of the rail
Note 1 to entry: The Y-axis is the lateral axis.
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SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2022 (E)
Key
1 Centre of track
Figure 1 — Track Coordinates
3.11
rolling stock coordinates
rolling stock coordinates, Figure 2, are based on the right hand rule Cartesian coordinate system, where
the positive X-axis (longitudinal) is along the vehicle in the direction of travel, the Z-axis is vertically
upwards and the origin is at the centre of a wheelset’s axle
Note 1 to entry: The Y-axis is the lateral axis.
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SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2022 (E)
Key
1 Centre of axle (or pair of wheels)
Figure 2 — Rolling Stock Coordinates
3.12
wheelset
unit comprising: an axle, two wheels and their axle bearings, or a pair of independent wheels located at
the same longitudinal position and their bearings
3.13
heat source
part of the rolling stock that may have a temperature above the in-service running temperature of the
underside of the axlebox, such as a hot load or an exhaust pipe
3.14
temperature measuring zone
virtual cuboidshape fixed in size and space relative to the track in which an HABD system focuses to
measure thermal radiation
9
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SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2022 (E)
4 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the following symbols and abbreviated terms apply.
CCS Control, Command and Signalling (as defined in the TSIs)
HABD Hot AxleBox Detector
H vertical height in mm of the prohibitive zone
PZ
H vertical height in mm of the temperature measuring zone
TMZ
IM Infrastructure Manager (as defined in the TSIs)
L longitudinal length in mm of the prohibitive zone
PZ
LTA longitudinal length in mm of the target area
PZ Prohibited zone
RST Rolling STock (as defined in TSI)
RU Railway Undertaking (as defined in TSI)
TA Target area
TMZ Temperature measuring zone
TSI Technical Specification for Interoperability
W lateral width in mm of the prohibitive zone
PZ
W lateral width in mm of the target area
TA
W lateral width in mm of the temperature measuring zone
TMZ
Y lateral position of the centre of the prohibitive zone
PZ
Y lateral position of the centre of the target area relative
TA
Y lateral position of the inner side of the TMZ
TMZ1
Y lateral position of the outer side of the TMZ
TMZ2
Y lateral position of the inner side of a portion of the TMZ
TMZC1
Y lateral position of the outer side of a portion of the TMZ
TMZC2
Z vertical position of the lower limit of the TMZ
TMZ1
Z vertical position of the upper limit of the TMZ
TMZ2
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SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2022 (E)
5 Rolling stock requirements
5.1 Target zone
5.1.1 General
The target zone is an area on the underside surface of an axlebox described by the intersection of the
axlebox with a virtual cuboid. The horizontal cross sectional area of the virtual cuboid is congruent to
the plan view area of the target zone in the XY plane, herein named the target area. The target area
dimensions are L in the X-axis and W in the Y-axis using rolling stock coordinates.
TA TA
5.1.2 Dimensions of the target area
The target area is set in space relative to the axle dimensions, and defines an area in which a HABD can
focus to monitor the temperature of an axlebox. Figure 3 shows the position and minimum dimensions
of the target area using rolling stock coordinates.
Taking into account mechanical tolerances:
a) the target area shall have a lateral width, W , greater than or equal to 50 mm;
TA
b) the target area shall have a longitudinal length, L , greater than or equal to 100 mm.
TA
NOTE ! If rolling stock with a maximum design speed higher than or equal to 250 km/h are monitored by
HABDs," their target area should have a lateral width, WTA, greater than or equal to 50 mm and a longitudinal
length, LTA, greater than or equal to 130 mm.
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SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2022 (E)
Key
1 Centre line of vehicle
2 Centre line of target area
3 Centre line of axle
Figure 3 — Dimensions and position of the target area (TA) in the XY plane (viewed from below)
5.1.3 Position of the centre of the target area in the XY plane
a) Y in the lateral direction (Y-axis), measured relative to the centre of the axle (or centre of a pair of
TA
wheels at the same position), where Y shall be 1 065 mm to 1 095 mm;
TA
b) In the longitudinal direction (X-axis) it shall be congruent with the centre line of the axle.
5.1.4 Visibility requirements for the target area
Rolling stock shall be designed with no obstruction between the target zone and the HABD that would
impede or prevent the HABD from focusing within the target zone and thereby prevent a measurement
of its thermal radiation.
If compliance with this requirement is not possible, rolling stock shall be fitted with an on-board axle
bearing monitoring system !whose requirements are described in EN 15437-2:2012+A1:2022".
NOTE The design of the rolling stock axlebox should aim to achieve a homogeneous temperature distribution
within the target zone.
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SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2022 (E)
5.2 Prohibitive zone
5.2.1 General
The prohibitive zone is defined by a rectangular area, which includes the target area, and is extended
vertically to form a virtual cuboid. The dimensions of the cuboid are L in the X-axis, W in the Y-axis
PZ PZ
and H in the Z-axis. Figure 4 shows a possible position of the target area in the XY plane of the
PZ
prohibitive zone using rolling stock coordinates.
To minimize the opportunity for a HABD to calculate a temperature from a heat source that is not an
axlebox, rolling stock shall be designed so that other heat sources, for example hot payload or exhaust,
are not immediately adjacent to or directly above the target area position. To facilitate this no other
heat source shall be located within the prohibitive zone.
NOTE 1 If it is possible/unavoidable, due to the design of the rolling stock, for a heat source other than that of
an axlebox to be contained within the prohibitive zone, that heat source should be thermally shielded to prevent
erroneous temperature calculations by a HABD measuring its thermal radiation.
NOTE 2 The prohibitive zone should be maintained for all rolling stock, including for example rolling stock
with inboard bearings.
5.2.2 Dimensions of the prohibitive zone
The dimensions of the prohibitive zone’s cuboid, taking into account mechanical tolerances, shall be:
a) lateral width, W , greater than or equal to 100 mm;
PZ
b) longitudinal length, L , greater than or equal to 500 mm;
PZ
c) vertical height, H , shall start at a point immediately above the HABD in the XY plane and shall end
PZ
at either the height of the target area, the height of a thermal shield or at a height that is level with
the top of the vehicle in rolling stock coordinates.
5.2.3 Position of the centre of the prohibitive zone in the XY plane
a) Y in the lateral direction (Y-axis) measured relative to the centre of the axle (or centre of a pair of
PZ
wheels at the same location), where Y shall be 1080 mm ± 5 mm;
PZ
b) In the longitudinal direction (X-axis) it shall be congruent with the centre line of the axle ± 5 mm.
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SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2022 (E)
Key
1 Centre line of vehicle
2 Centre line of target area
3 Centre line of axle
4 Target area
5 Prohibited zone for other heat sources
Figure 4 —Dimensions of the prohibitive zone (PZ) in the XY plane (viewed from below) showing
a possible position of a target area
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SIST EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2023
EN 15437-1:2009+A1:2022 (E)
5.3 Electromagnetic interference emissions
!deleted text"
The !electromagnetic interference emissions (EMC)" of the rolling stock !shall" not affect the
functional behaviour of the HABD system, for example by incorrectly triggering the HABD to indicate
the presence of a wheelset when a wheelset is not present.
5.4 Design drawings
The target zone shall be identified on the rolling stock axlebox design drawings.
5.5 Protective finish
This standard does not specify gloss factor or colour for the protective finish of an axlebox.
NOTE 1 This standard intentionally does not specify the emmissivity requirements for the external finish of the
axlebox surface or its !target zone". This is because the condition of the external finish of the axlebox surface
is variable and uncontrollable, depending on the operational and environmental profiles.
NOTE 2 This standard does not prevent the use of special paint or surface finish with high emmissivity
pr
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