SIST-TS CEN/TS 16637-1:2014

Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Part 1: Guidance for the determination of leaching tests and additional testing steps

CEN/TS 16637-1 allows the identification of the appropriate leaching test method for the determination of the release of Regulated Dangerous Substances from construction products into soil, surface water and groundwater. This document provides a stepwise procedure for the determination of appropriate release tests, including: a) guidance for the identification of construction products potentially emitting Regulated Dangerous Substances; b) determination of the test method based on general product properties; c) choice of the test method using specific product properties. (2) Furthermore, this Technical Specification gives general guidance for CEN Technical Product Committees on basic aspects (sampling, sample preparation and storage, eluate treatment, analysis of eluates and documentation) to be specified in the relevant product standards. (3) Metallic products, coatings on metallic products and organic coatings for metals are not considered in the determination scheme of this Technical Specification since the test method in CEN/TS 16637-2 (tank test) is not appropriate for the testing of these construction products due to a different release mechanism (solubility control).

Bauprodukte - Bewertung der Freisetzung von gefährlichen Stoffen - Teil 1: Leitfaden für die Festlegung von Auslaugprüfungen und zusätzlichen Prüfschritten

(1) Diese Technische Spezifikation ermöglicht die Identifizierung des geeigneten Auslaugprüfverfahrens für die Bestimmung der Freisetzung regulierter gefährlicher Stoffe aus Bauprodukten in den Boden, das Oberflächen- und das Grundwasser. Das vorliegende Dokument enthält ein schrittweises Verfahren zur Ermittlung geeigneter Freisetzungsprüfungen, einschließlich:
a)   einem Leitfaden zur Identifizierung von Bauprodukten, die möglicherweise regulierte gefährliche Stoffe freisetzen;
b)   Bestimmung des Prüfverfahrens auf der Grundlage allgemeiner Produkteigenschaften;
c)   Wahl der Prüfverfahren durch Anwendung spezieller Produkteigenschaften.
(2) Darüber hinaus enthält diese Technische Spezifikation einen Leitfaden für die Technischen Produktkomitees des CEN zu grundlegenden Aspekten (Probenahme, Probenvorbereitung und -lagerung, Eluatbehandlung, Analyse von Eluaten und Dokumentation), die in den maßgebenden Produktnormen festzulegen sind.
(3) Metallische Produkte, Beschichtungen auf metallischen Produkten und organische Beschichtungen (für Metalle) werden im Bestimmungsplan dieser Technischen Spezifikation nicht berücksichtigt, da das Prüfverfahren in FprCEN/TS 16637-2für die Prüfung dieser Bauprodukte aufgrund eines anderen Freisetzungsmechanismus (Löslichkeitssteuerung) nicht geeignet ist.
ANMERKUNG   Metallische Produkte sind vom Anwendungsbereich von FprCEN/TS 16637-2 ausgenommen, da die Grundsätze dieser Prüfung (Diffusion) von diesen Produkten nicht befolgt werden. Metallische Produkte wiesen eine pH-Wert-abhängige Löslichkeitssteuerung auf, was bedeutet, dass Metalle so lange Stoffe aus der Oxidationsschicht auf dem Metall freisetzen, bis der größtmögliche Löslichkeitsgrad bei den vorherrschenden pH-Bedingungen in dem umgebenden Wasser erreicht ist. (Je mehr Wasser mit derselben Metalloberfläche in Berührung kommt, desto mehr Metalle werden freigesetzt; mehr Zeit führt nicht zu einer größeren Freisetzung, d. h. Löslichkeitssteuerung). Der maximale Grad der Freisetzung kann oftmals innerhalb von Minuten bis Stunden erreicht werden. Allgemeiner betrachtet kann festgestellt werden, dass die Angabe der Ergebnisse für metallische Oberflächen in mg/(m2.s) immer „bedingungsabhängig“ erfolgt, d. h. sie ist abhängig von den örtlichen Bedingungen, unter denen die Messungen durchgeführt wurden, wie z. B. das Wasservolumen in Bezug zur Oberfläche. Für eine Folgenabschätzung ist es notwendig, die oben aufgeführten Auswirkungen zu verstehen und sie in einer Prüfung zu erfassen, die den dominanten Freisetzungsmechanismus widerspiegelt. Ein solches Prüfverfahren steht allerdings im Moment nicht zur Verfügung. Wenn die spezifischen Auslaugungseigenschaften bekannt sind, könnte die Freisetzung unter festgelegten örtlichen Bedingungen durch Modellierung bestimmt werden. Außerdem gibt es zum Zeitpunkt der Veröffentlichung dieser Technischen Spezifikationen keine notifizierten Verordnungen für metallische Produkte.
(4) Es wird angenommen, dass der zeitweilige Kontakt mit Wasser (z. B. Beanspruchung durch Regenwasser) nach Vereinbarung als dauerhafter Kontakt geprüft wird. Bei einigen Beschichtungen (z. B. einige Putze mit organischen Bindemitteln nach EN 15824), die zeitweilig mit Wasser in Berührung kommen, könnten physikalische und chemische Eigenschaften zu dauerhaftem Kontakt mit Wasser geändert werden. Diese Produkte werden nicht im Bestimmungsplan dieser Technischen Spezifikation berücksichtigt, da das Prüfverfahren in FprCEN/TS 16637-2 für die Prüfung dieser Bauprodukte nicht geeignet ist.

Produits de construction - Evaluation de l‘émission de substances dangereuses - Partie 1: Guide pour la spécification des essais de lixivation et des étapes supplémentaires d’essai

Gradbeni proizvodi - Ocenjevanje sproščanja nevarnih snovi - 1. del: Navodilo za določanje preskusov izluževanja in dodatnih korakov preskušanja

Specifikacija CEN/TS 16637-1 omogoča opredelitev ustrezne preskusne metode za izluževanje za določanje sproščanja reguliranih nevarnih snovi iz gradbenih proizvodov v tla, površinsko vodo in podtalnico. Ta dokument določa postopek v korakih za določanje ustreznih preskusov sproščanja, vključno z: ) navodilom za opredelitev gradbenih proizvodov, ki bi lahko oddajali regulirane nevarne snovi; b) določanjem preskusne metode na podlagi splošnih lastnosti proizvodov; c) izbiro preskusne metode z uporabo posebnih lastnosti proizvodov. (2) Poleg tega ta tehnična specifikacija določa splošna navodila za tehnične odbore za proizvode CEN v zvezi z osnovnimi vidiki (vzorčenje, priprava vzorcev in shramba, obdelava izlužkov, analiza izlužkov in dokumentacija), ki se določijo v ustreznih standardih za proizvode. (3) Kovinski proizvodi, premazi kovinskih proizvodov in organski premazi za kovine niso obravnavani v shemi določanja te tehnične specifikacije, saj preskusna metoda iz specifikacije CEN/TS 16637-2 (preskus s cisterno) ni primerna za preskušanje teh gradbenih proizvodov zaradi drugačnega mehanizma sproščanja (nadzor topljivosti).

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Public Enquiry End Date: 09-Jan-2014
• Publication Date: 28-Sep-2014
• Withdrawal Date: 05-Dec-2018
• ICS: 13.020.99 - Other standards related to environmental protection
• ICS: 91.100.01 - Construction materials in general
• Technical Committee: NES - Dangerous substances
• Current Stage: 9900 - Withdrawal (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 05-Dec-2018
• Due Date: 28-Dec-2018
• Completion Date: 06-Dec-2018
• Directive: 89/106/EEC - Construction products
• Mandate: M/366 - Concerning the execution of standardisation work for the development of horizontal standardised assessment methods for harmonized approcaches relating to dangerous substances under the construction products directive (CPD)
• Ref Project: CEN/TS 16637-1:2014 - Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Part 1: Guidance for the determination of leaching tests and additional testing steps

Relations

• Replaced By: SIST-TS CEN/TS 16637-1:2019 - Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Part 1: Guidance for the determination of leaching tests and additional testing steps
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS CEN/TS 16637-1:2014
01-november-2014
*UDGEHQLSURL]YRGL2FHQMHYDQMHVSURãþDQMDQHYDUQLKVQRYLGHO1DYRGLOR]D
GRORþDQMHSUHVNXVRYL]OXåHYDQMDLQGRGDWQLKNRUDNRYSUHVNXãDQMD
Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Part 1:
Guidance for the determination of leaching tests and additional testing steps
Bauprodukte - Bewertung der Freisetzung von gefährlichen Stoffen - Teil 1: Leitfaden für
die Festlegung von Auslaugprüfungen und zusätzlichen Prüfschritten
Produits de construction - Evaluation de l‘émission de substances dangereuses - Partie
1: Guide pour la spécification des essais de lixivation et des étapes supplémentaires
d’essai
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 16637-1:2014
ICS:
13.020.99 Drugi standardi v zvezi z Other standards related to
varstvom okolja environmental protection
91.100.01 Gradbeni materiali na Construction materials in
splošno general
SIST-TS CEN/TS 16637-1:2014 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST-TS CEN/TS 16637-1:2014

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SIST-TS CEN/TS 16637-1:2014

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
CEN/TS 16637-1

SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE

TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
August 2014
ICS 19.040; 13.040.20; 91.100.01
English Version
Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous
substances - Part 1: Guidance for the determination of leaching
tests and additional testing steps
Produits de construction - Evaluation de l'émission de Bauprodukte - Bewertung der Freisetzung von gefährlichen
substances dangereuses - Partie 1: Guide pour la Stoffen - Teil 1: Leitfaden für die Festlegung von
spécification des essais de lixivation et des étapes Auslaugprüfungen und zusätzlichen Prüfschritten
supplémentaires d'essai
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 25 February 2014 for provisional application.

The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their
comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.

CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available
promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)
until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 16637-1:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .7
2 Normative references .7
3 Terms and definitions .7
3.1 Sampling and products .8
3.2 Release and laboratory testing . 10
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 13
5 Determination of the appropriate release test method . 14
5.1 Step 1: Information on construction products that may be examined by leaching tests . 14
5.2 Step 2: Determination of test method . 14
5.2.1 Principles and general review of the test methods . 14
5.2.2 Product properties and test conditions for the determination of the relevant test method . 15
6 Adoption of modules for the product specific leaching standard . 18
6.1 Overview of the modules . 18
6.2 Product sampling and transport to the laboratory . 20
6.2.1 Introduction on sampling . 20
6.2.2 Objective of sampling . 20
6.2.3 Preparation of a sampling plan and sampling strategy . 20
6.2.4 Information from the testing laboratory needed to complement the product sampling plan . 23
6.2.5 Packaging and transport of laboratory sample . 24
6.2.6 Sample description and marking of laboratory sample and sampling report . 24
6.2.7 Chain of custody report . 24
6.2.8 Dispatch of product samples, time schedule . 25
6.2.9 Report on sampling . 25
7 Indirect methods . 25
7.1 Definition . 25
7.2 Requirements for indirect methods . 25
7.3 Examples of indirect methods . 26
Annex A (informative) Release scenarios and impact assessment . 27
A.1 Release scenarios and test determination . 27
A.2 Impact assessment and impact evaluation . 28
A.2.1 Source-pathway-target approach for impact assessment . 28
A.2.2 How to use “intended use” and “intended conditions of use” . 29
A.2.3 Impact evaluation. 29
A.3 Responsibilities . 30
Annex B (informative) Different types of leaching tests . 31
B.1 General . 31
B.2 Reference tests and indirect test . 31
B.3 Leaching tests for products with reducing properties . 31
Annex C (informative) Key concepts for product sampling . 32
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C.1 Representativeness . 32
C.2 Uncertainty . 33
C.3 Sampling under various stages of production control . 34
C.4 Objective of sampling . 34
C.5 Preparation of a sampling plan . 34
C.6 Considerations on sampling strategy . 37
C.6.1 General . 37
C.6.2 Sampling approach . 37
C.6.3 Population and sub-population . 37
C.6.4 Scale . 38
C.6.5 Size of increments and samples . 41
C.6.6 Sampling of complex, composite and large products . 42
C.6.7 Sampling location and moment . 42
Annex D (informative) Example of a chain of custody report . 44
Annex E (informative) Example of a sampling report . 45
Bibliography . 46

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Foreword
This document (CEN/TS 16637-1:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 351
“Construction Products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances”, the secretariat of which is held by
NEN.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
This Technical Specification deals with the determination and use of test methods for leaching of construction
products taking specific situations into account. It specifies preconditions under which leaching tests for
monolithic products and for granular products need to be selected.
Background information on characterization of leaching behaviour of construction products can be found in
Technical Reports provided by CEN/TC 351 (i.e. CEN/TR 16098 [1], and CEN/TR 16496 [2]).
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
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Introduction
This informative introduction describes the interactions and interrelations between the release tests developed
to assess the release of dangerous substances from construction products into soil, surface water and
groundwater in the framework of the Mandate M/366. The horizontal test methods developed under the
Mandate M/366 are intended to be used to show compliance with notified regulations. The tests cover the
release of substances from construction products and in particular, those that are regulated in notified
regulations in one or more EU member states.
CEN/TS 16637-1 specifies how the CEN Technical Product Committees and EOTA experts are to determine
the appropriate leaching test for the determination of the release of Regulated Dangerous Substances from a
construction product into soil, surface water and groundwater.
CEN/TS 16637-2 describes a horizontal test to assess surface dependent release from monolithic, plate-like
or sheet-like construction products while FprCEN/TS 16637-3 (in preparation) will describe a horizontal test to
assess release from granular construction products. The test methods can be used for both steps in the
hierarchy (type testing and factory production control) and are supposed to be used as the reference test for
the intended uses and conditions specified in CEN/TS 16637-1. In this hierarchy of testing conditionally
“indirect tests” can be used, but are not specified.
The release of substances upon contact with water results in a potential risk to the environment during the
intended use of construction products. The intent of these tests is to identify the leaching behaviour of
construction products and thereby allow assessments of the release of Regulated Dangerous Substances
from such products to soil, surface water and groundwater under intended conditions of use in relation to CE
marking and assessment and verification of constancy of performance.
Technical Product Committees are expected to apply the test standards developed in CEN/TC 351 for their
products in order to test the potential release of Regulated Dangerous Substances to soil, surface water and
groundwater. CEN/TS 16637-1 is intended to provide clear procedures to determine which test method is
appropriate for a given product. CEN/TS 16637-1 aims to provide the information, needed in a CEN Technical
Product Committee, on how to deal with the relevant test method(s) to enable the producer to declare a
performance in the CE marking as a result of the test. CEN Technical Product Committees are referred to the
informative Annex A and Annex B of CEN/TS 16637-1 and to CEN/TR 16098 [1], for background information
on the following aspects:
a) identification of the products addressed in the product standards which have relevance with respect to the
release of dangerous substances into soil, surface water and groundwater (products only applied in the
interior of buildings are not subject to testing for these properties);
b) description of the intended conditions of use of the construction product (e.g. above ground exposed to
the precipitation, or shielded from direct infiltration, in surface or groundwater) in respect to the release of
dangerous substances into soil, surface water and groundwater;
c) identification of main release mechanisms.
Impact assessment is not part of the work of CEN/TC 351.
In addition to existing validation results, in 2011 CEN/TC 351 began an extensive research program on
robustness validation of the existing tank leaching and percolation tests. This was carried out by a consortium
of European experts on 20 construction products to unify differences from the protocols of the different CEN
Members and to check the influence of testing conditions on the test result (e.g. temperature, flow rate,
renewal scheme, etc. [3]). The results of the research program confirmed the robustness of the horizontal
tests known from former works. Conclusions from the program have been implemented into the Technical
Specifications for the test methods. However, the performance of the leaching test regarding repeatability and
reproducibility is dependent on the tested construction product and on the testing conditions. When these
Technical Specifications of the horizontal leaching tests are adopted by CEN, the leaching tests referred to in
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these Technical Specifications will not yet be fully validated. No data will be available on repeatability and
reproducibility for the range of construction products. For other, sometimes comparable, matrices performance
data are available from national as well as EU validation studies.
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1 Scope
(1) This Technical Specification allows the identification of the appropriate leaching test method for the
determination of the release of Regulated Dangerous Substances from construction products into soil, surface
water and groundwater. This document provides a stepwise procedure for the determination of appropriate
release tests, including:
a) guidance for the identification of construction products potentially emitting Regulated Dangerous
Substances;
b) determination of the test method based on general product properties;
c) choice of the test method using specific product properties.
(2) Furthermore, this Technical Specification gives general guidance for CEN Technical Product Committees
on basic aspects (sampling, sample preparation and storage, eluate treatment, analysis of eluates and
documentation) to be specified in the relevant product standards.
(3) Metallic products, coatings on metallic products and organic coatings for metals are not considered in the
determination scheme of this Technical Specification since the test method in CEN/TS 16637-2 (tank test) is
not appropriate for the testing of these construction products due to a different release mechanism (solubility
control).
NOTE Metallic products are excluded from the scope of CEN/TS 16637-2 because the principles of that test
(diffusion) are not obeyed by these products. Metallic products have shown pH dependent solubility control, which means
that metals released from the oxidation layer on the metal until the maximum possible solubility level at the prevailing pH
conditions in the surrounding water is reached (more water in contact with the same metal surface means more metals
released and more time does not lead to more release due to solubility control). Maximum level of release can often be
reached in minutes to hours. More generally, it can be stated that expression of results for metallic surfaces in mg/(m2·s)
is always “conditional”, i.e. dependent on the local conditions at which the measurements were done, such as the volume
of water relative to the surface area. For impact assessment, it is necessary to understand the above mentioned effects
and to capture these effects in a test reflecting the dominant release mechanism. However, such a test method is currently
unavailable. If the intrinsic leaching behaviour is known, release under specified local conditions could be determined by
modelling. Furthermore, no notified regulations exist for metallic products at the time these Technical Specifications have
been published.
(4) It is assumed that intermittent contact with water (e.g. exposure to rainwater) is tested - by convention - as
permanent contact. For some coatings, (e.g. some renders with organic binders according to EN 15824) in
intermittent contact to water, physical and chemical properties might be altered in permanent contact with
water. These products are not considered in the determination scheme of this Technical Specification since
the test method in CEN/TS 16637-2 is not appropriate for the testing of these construction products.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
CEN/TS 16637-2:2014, Construction products — Assessment of release of dangerous substances — Part 2:
Horizontal dynamic surface leaching test
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
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3.1 Sampling and products
3.1.1
compacted granular product
granular product with a low permeability, due to very small pores between the particles
Note 1 to entry: Compacted granular products are usually tested by a method for granular construction products with
low hydraulic conductivity, because the percolation test is not applicable due to the low permeability of the products.
3.1.2
composite sample
average sample
aggregated sample
sample that consists of two or more increments, put together in appropriate portions, from which the mean
value of a desired characteristic may be obtained
[SOURCE: ISO 11074:2005 [4], 4.3.3, modified – editorial amendments]
3.1.3
curing
hardening of freshly prepared mixtures under well-defined conditions (time, temperature, humidity, etc.)
specified in harmonized product standards
3.1.4
curing time
(minimal) time defined as necessary for curing before a release test can be executed to perform relevant test
results
3.1.5
granular product
product composed of solid particles with a particle size smaller than a specified size or grading
Note 1 to entry: Granular products are usually tested by a percolation test. A Technical Specification on the
percolation test is under preparation.
3.1.6
increment
individual portion of product collected by a single operation of a sampling device which will not be tested as a
single entity, but will be mixed with other increments in a composite sample
[SOURCE: ISO 11074:2005 [4], 4.1.8, modified – editorial amendments]
3.1.7
laboratory sample
sample or sub-sample(s) sent to or received by the laboratory
[SOURCE: IUPAC 1990 [5], 2.5.5]
Note 1 to entry: When the laboratory sample is further prepared by subdividing, cutting, sawing, coring, mixing, drying,
grinding, curing or by combinations of these operations, the result is the test sample. When no preparation of the
laboratory sample is required, the laboratory sample is the test sample. A test portion is removed from the test sample for
the performance of the test/analysis or for the preparation of a test specimen.
Note 2 to entry: The laboratory sample is the final sample from the point of view of sample collection but it is the initial
sample from the point of view of the laboratory.
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3.1.8
monolithic granular product
granular product with specific requirements on the grain size distribution to be tested in the dynamic surface
leaching test (DSLT)
3.1.9
monolithic product
product which has certain minimum dimensions and physical and mechanical properties that ensure its
integrity over a certain period of time in the considered intended conditions of use
Note 1 to entry: Monolithic products are usually tested by a dynamic surface leaching test.
3.1.10
plate-like product
product formed as a semi-rigid or rigid plate, which has certain minimum dimensions and physical and
mechanical properties that ensure its integrity over a certain period of time in the considered intended
conditions of use
Note 1 to entry: Plate-like products are usually tested by a dynamic surface leaching test.
3.1.11
population
totality of items under consideration
[SOURCE: ISO 11074:2005, [4], 4.1.11, modified – without note, editorial amendments
Note 1 to entry: See also the term “sub-population”.
3.1.12
sample
portion of material selected from a larger quantity of material
[SOURCE: IUPAC 1990 [5], 2.1.1]
Note 1 to entry: The manner of selection of the sample should beprescribed in a sampling plan (3.1.13).
Note 2 to entry: The term “sample” is often accompanied by a prefix (e.g. laboratory sample, test sample) specifying
the type of sample and/or the specific step in the sampling process to which the obtained material relates.
3.1.13
sampling plan
predetermined procedure for the selection, withdrawal, preservation and transportation of product samples
3.1.14
scale
minimum quantity (mass or volume) of the product for which test results are obtained
Note 1 to entry: Information on characteristics of the product, including emission and variations therein, for a quantity
of product smaller than the defined scale, is judged to be unimportant.
[SOURCE: CEN/TR 16220:2011 [6], Annex A, 3]
3.1.15
sheet-like product
product formed as a flexible or semi-flexible sheet, which has certain minimum dimensions and physical and
mechanical properties that ensure its integrity over a certain period of time in the considered intended
conditions of use
Note 1 to entry: Sheet-like products are usually tested by the dynamic surface leaching test.
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3.1.16
sub-population
defined part of the population that is targeted for the purposes of sampling
[SOURCE: ISO 11074:2005, [4], 4.1.29, modified - specified]
Note 1 to entry: See also the term “population”.
EXAMPLE Consider a continuous production process that results in a specific product. The population for that
product is all the individual products produced between the moment the production process started (this may be years
ago) and the moment the production process ends (this may be years ahead). From the perspective of testing, this
definition does not provide a practical concept. Products produced in the past are no longer available for testing, while
products that might be produced in the (far) future are neither available. The term “sub-population” provides a workable
alternative, as the “start” and “end” of the sub-population can be defined in a practical way. For the same product, already
in production for a number of years, the sub-population might be the production of a year, the production of a month, or
what other definition is practical.
3.1.17
test portion
amount of the test sample taken directly for testing/analysis purposes, usually of known weight or volume
[SOURCE: IUPAC 1990 [5], 2.5.7]
EXAMPLE A bag of aggregates is delivered to the laboratory (the laboratory sample). For test purposes a certain
amount of the aggregate is dried, the result is the test sample. Afterwards the column for a percolation test is filled with a
test portion of dried aggregate.
3.1.18
test sample
sample, prepared from the laboratory sample from which test portions are removed for testing or for analysis
[SOURCE: IUPAC:1990 [5], 2.5.6]
3.1.19
test specimen
test portion specially prepared for release testing in a test facility in order to simulate the releasebehaviour of
the product under intended conditions of use
EXAMPLE Cement is used in construction as ingredient for concrete. For testing purposes, a test specimen of
concrete is prepared for the release test, using a test portion of cement and adding additional ingredients (like aggregates)
with a well-known leaching behaviour.
3.2 Release and laboratory testing
3.2.1
test method for granular construction products with low hydraulic conductivity
GLHC
release test method in which a granular construction product with low hydraulic conductivity is exposed with
one defined surface to a leachant renewed at subsequent time intervals
3.2.2
digestion
mineralization of the organic matter of a sample and dissolving of its mineral part (as completely as possible)
when reacted with a reagent mixture
Note 1 to entry: Usually done with a strong, concentrated acid like aqua regia or nitric acid to dissolve inorganic
substances for chemical analysis.
[SOURCE: CEN/TR 16045:2010 [4], 2.2.2]
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