M/351 - Magnetic and electromagnetic

European standard establishes the procedures and methodology on measurement and calculation of quantities associated with the assessment of human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 0 Hz to 300 GHz. It deals with quantities that can be measured or calculated in free space, notably electric and magnetic field strength and includes the measurement and calculation of quantities inside the body that forms the basis for protection guidelines.
In particular the standard provides information on
− definitions and terminology,
− characteristics of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields,
− measurement of exposure quantities,
− instrumentation requirements,
− methods of calibration,
− measurement techniques and procedures for evaluating exposure,
− calculation methods for exposure assessment.
The object of this standard is to establish a common reference for the assessment of electrical equipment in relation to human exposure from non-ionising electromagnetic fields.

TThe scope of this European Standard is to provide a general procedure for the assessment of workers’ exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields in a workplace in order to determine compliance with exposure limit values and/or action levels as stated in European Directive 2013/35/EU
The purpose of this European Standard is to
-   specify how to perform an initial assessment of the levels of workers' exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF), if necessary including specific exposure assessment of such levels by measurements and/or calculations,
-   determine whether it is necessary to carry out a detailed risk assessment of EMF exposure.
This European Standard can be used by employers for the risk assessment and, where required, measurement and/or calculation of the exposure of workers. Based on specific workplace and other standards, it can be determined whether preventive measures/actions have to be taken to comply with the provisions of the Directive.
The frequencies covered are from 0 Hz to 300 GHz.
NOTE 1   This European Standard is written under Mandate M/351 and relates to the exposure limits as specified in the Directive 2013/35/EU. It is intended to protect workers from risks to their health and safety arising or likely to arise from exposure to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz) during their work. However, this and other Directives can include additional measures for the protection of specific groups of workers and/or specific work places for which the employer is required to investigate other protective measures as a part of the overall risk assessment. See Annex A.
NOTE 2    Directive 2013/35/EU has been transposed into national legislation in all the EU member countries. It is intended that users of this standard consult the national legislation related to this transposition in order to identify the national regulations and requirements. These national regulations and requirements can have additional requirements that are not covered by this standard.

This document provides general methods for measurement and calculation of quantities associated with human exposure to electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 0 Hz to 300 GHz. It is intended specifically to be used for the assessment of emissions from products and comparison of these with the exposure limits for the general public given in Council Recommendation 1999/519/EC, and those given for workers in Directive 2013/35/EU, as appropriate. It also is intended to be used for assessment of human exposure to electromagnetic fields in the workplace to determine compliance with the requirements of Directive 2013/35/EU. This standard deals with quantities that can be measured or calculated external to the body, notably electric and magnetic field strength or power density, and includes the measurement and calculation of quantities inside the body that form the basis for protection guidelines. In particular the standard provides information on: — definitions and terminology, — characteristics of electromagnetic fields, — measurement of exposure quantities, — instrumentation requirements, — methods of calibration, — measurement techniques and procedures for evaluating exposure, — calculation methods for exposure assessment. Where an applicable electromagnetic field standard specific to a product or technology exists it is expected to be used rather than this document. EN 62311:—, Table 1 gives a list of relevant standards.

The scope of this document is to provide a general procedure for the assessment of workers’ exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields in a workplace in order to determine compliance with exposure limit values and/or action levels as stated in European Directive 2013/35/EU. The purpose of this document is to — specify how to perform an initial assessment of the levels of workers' exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF), if necessary, including specific exposure assessment of such levels by measurements and/or calculations, — determine whether it is necessary to carry out a detailed risk assessment of EMF exposure. This document can be used by employers for the risk assessment and, where required, measurement and/or calculation of the exposure of workers. Based on specific workplace and other standards, it can be determined whether preventive measures/actions have to be taken to comply with the provisions of the Directive. The frequencies covered are from 0 Hz to 300 GHz. NOTE 1 This document relates to the exposure limits as specified in the Directive 2013/35/EU. It is intended to protect workers from risks to their health and safety arising or likely to arise from exposure to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz) during their work. However, this and other Directives can include additional measures for the protection of specific groups of workers and/or specific workplaces for which the employer is required to investigate other protective measures as a part of the overall risk assessment. See Annex A. NOTE 2 Directive 2013/35/EU has been transposed into national legislation in all the EU member countries. It is intended that users of this standard consult the national legislation related to this transposition in order to identify the national regulations and requirements. These national regulations and requirements can have additional requirements that are not covered by this standard.

This European Standard provides the procedure for the specific assessment required in Annex A of EN 50527 1:2015 for workers with implanted cardioverter defibrillators. It offers different approaches for doing the risk assessment. The most suitable one shall be used. If the worker has other Active Implantable Medical Devices (AIMDs) implanted additionally, they have to be assessed separately.

This standard provides methods for assessing compliance with the requirements of the Directive 2013/35/EU] at a site operating one or more broadcast transmitters.
This standard covers the frequency range up to 40 GHz.
NOTE   The Council and European Parliament Directive 2013/35/EU will be transposed into national legislation in all the EU member countries. Users of this standard shall consult the national legislation related to this transposition in order to identify the national regulations and requirements. These national regulations and requirements can have additional requirements that are not covered by this standard.

This European Standard provides the procedure for the specific assessment required in Annex A of EN 50527 1:2015 for workers with implanted cardioverter defibrillators. It offers different approaches for doing the risk assessment. The most suitable one shall be used. If the worker has other Active Implantable Medical Devices (AIMDs) implanted additionally, they have to be assessed separately.

This European standard provides methods for assessing compliance with the requirements of the Directive 2013/35/EU] at a site operating one or more broadcast transmitters. This standard covers the frequency range up to 40 GHz. NOTE The Council and European Parliament Directive 2013/35/EU will be transposed into national legislation in all the EU member countries. Users of this standard shall consult the national legislation related to this transposition in order to identify the national regulations and requirements. These national regulations and requirements can have additional requirements that are not covered by this standard.

The object of this generic standard is to provide a route for evaluation of such equipment against limits on human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields, and induced and contact current.
This standard applies to electronic and electrical equipment for which no dedicated product- or product family standard, or standard relating to low power equipment,  regarding human exposure to electromagnetic fields exists. If such a standard does exist then it shall be used and this standard shall not.
The frequency range covered is 0 Hz to  300 GHz.

The object of this generic standard is to provide a route for evaluation of equipment used by workers against limits on human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields, and induced and contact current  when it is put into service in its operational environment, and also for in situ or post-market evaluation of such equipment
The frequency range covered is 0 Hz to  300 GHz.
The requirement for this standard arises from the withdrawal of EMF standardisation mandate M/305 and its replacement by M/511 and M/536.  Previously only EMF product standards for equipment used by the public were mandated; that restriction has been removed and now standards are to be developed for products used by workers also.
For equipment used by workers, there is a specific need to assess whether when it is put into service, or afterwards when operating under reasonably foreseeable use conditions, its emissions meet EMF exposure limits when contributions from other nearby equipment are also considered. This is a particular issue in occupational environments where high power equipment can be close to other similar equipment, or to e.g power distribution systems.

The object of this generic standard is to provide a route for evaluation of equipment used by workers against limits on human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields, and induced and contact current when it is put into service in its operational environment, and also for in situ or post-market evaluation of such equipment. The frequency range covered is 0 Hz to 300 GHz. Other standards can apply to products covered by this document. In particular this document is not designed to evaluate the electromagnetic compatibility with other equipment; nor does it reflect any product safety requirements other than those specifically related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields. This standard applies to electronic and electrical equipment for which no dedicated put into service or in situ product or product family standard regarding worker exposure to electromagnetic fields exists. If such a standard does exist then it shall be used and this standard shall not.

The object of this generic standard is to provide a route for evaluation of such equipment against limits on human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields, and induced and contact current. This standard applies to electronic and electrical equipment for which no dedicated product- or product family standard, or standard relating to low power equipment, regarding human exposure to electromagnetic fields exists. If such a standard does exist then it shall be used and this standard shall not. The frequency range covered is 0 Hz to 300 GHz. This standard is intended to cover both intentional and non-intentional radiators. It should be noted that the supplier of a specific piece of equipment might not know the overall exposure environment in which the equipment is being used. This product standard can only assess the human exposure from the specific equipment under evaluation. Other standards can apply to products covered by this document. In particular this document is not designed to evaluate the electromagnetic compatibility with other equipment; nor does it reflect any product safety requirements other than those specifically related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields.

This European Standard provides a general procedure to assess workers’ exposure to electric and magnetic fields (EMF) in work places associated with the production, transmission and distribution of electric energy, and to demonstrate compliance with exposure limit values and action levels as stated in the Council and European Parliament “EMF” Directive 2013/35/EU [10].
It has the role of a specific workplace standard. It takes into account the non-binding application guide for implementing the EMF Directive [9] and it defines the assessment procedures and compliance criteria applicable to the electric industry.
The frequency range of this standard covers from DC to 20 kHz, which is sufficient to include the power frequency used for electric power supply systems throughout Europe (50 Hz) and the various harmonics and inter-harmonics occurring in the supply system. In this extremely low frequency range, electric and magnetic fields are independent and, therefore, they both have to be addressed in the exposure assessment.
NOTE 1   Electrical companies also use radio frequency transmissions to operate and maintain their networks and power plants. Similarly, other exposures to EMF may occur during maintenance operations, for instance, due to the use of hand-held electrical tools. All these EMF sources are outside the scope of this standard.
NOTE 2   Regarding EMF in the low frequency range, the scientific basis of the EMF directive is the ICNIRP health guidelines published in 2010 [12]. Reference is made to this scientific basis when necessary for justifying or clarifying some of the technical statements of the present document.

This European Standard provides a general procedure to assess workers’ exposure to electric and magnetic fields (EMF) in work places associated with the production, transmission and distribution of electric energy, and to demonstrate compliance with exposure limit values and action levels as stated in the Council and European Parliament "EMF" Directive 2013/35/EU [12]. NOTE 1 The Council and European Parliament Directive 2013/35/EU will be transposed into national legislation in all the EU member countries. It is important that users of this standard consult the national legislation related to this transposition in order to identify the national regulations and requirements. These national regulations and requirements may have additional requirements that are not covered by this standard It has the role of a specific workplace standard. It takes into account the non-binding application guide for implementing the EMF Directive [11] and it defines the assessment procedures and compliance criteria applicable to the electric industry. The frequency range of this standard covers from DC to 20 kHz, which is sufficient to include the power frequency used for electric power supply systems throughout Europe (50 Hz) and the various harmonics and inter-harmonics occurring in the supply system. In this extremely low frequency range, electric and magnetic fields are independent and, therefore, they both have to be addressed in the exposure assessment. NOTE 2 Electrical companies also use radio frequency transmissions to operate and maintain their networks and power plants. Similarly, other exposures to EMF may occur during maintenance operations, for instance, due to the use of hand-held electrical tools. All these EMF sources are outside the scope of this standard. NOTE 3 Regarding EMF in the low frequency range, the scientific basis of the EMF directive is the ICNIRP health guidelines published in 2010 [14]. Reference is made to this scientific basis when necessary for justifying or clarifying some of the technical statements of the present document.

This European Standard provides the procedure for the specific assessment required in EN 50527-1:2016,
Annex A, for workers with implanted pacemakers. It offers different approaches for doing the risk
assessment. The most suitable one will be used. If the worker has other Active Implantable Medical Devices
(AIMDs) implanted additionally, they need to be assessed separately.
The purpose of the specific assessment is to determine the risk for workers with implanted pacemakers
arising from exposure to electromagnetic fields at the workplace. The assessment includes the likelihood of
clinically significant effects and takes account of both transient and long-term exposure within specific areas
of the workplace.
NOTE 1 This standard does not address risks from contact currents.
The techniques described in the different approaches may also be used for the assessment of publicly
accessible areas.
The frequency range to be observed is from 0 Hz to 3 GHz. Above 3 GHz no interference with the
pacemaker occurs when the exposure limits are not exceeded.
NOTE 2 The rationale for limiting the observation range to 3 GHz can be found in ISO 14117:2012, Clause 5.

This European Standard provides a procedure to assess the risk to workers bearing one or more active
implantable medical devices from exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields at a workplace. It
describes how a general risk assessment should be performed and determines whether it is necessary to
carry out a detailed risk assessment.
NOTE 1 This European Standard does not cover indirect effects caused by non active implants.
NOTE 2 The risk of human exposure to EMF considered is only due to malfunctioning of AIMD. Possibilities of AIMD
contribution to the risk, e.g. local modification of the distribution of EMF produced by external source or production of
own EMF, are covered by the respective product standards for the AIMD.
Based on specific workplace standards it can be determined whether preventive measures/actions need to
be taken to comply with the provisions of Directive 2013/35/EU. The work situation covered is considered to
be under normal working conditions including normal operation, maintenance, cleaning and other situations
being part of the normal work.
The frequencies covered are from 0 Hz to 300 GHz.
The European Parliament and Council Directive 2013/35/EU will be transposed into national legislation in all
the EU member countries. It is recommended that users of this standard consult the national legislation
related to this transposition in order to identify the national regulations and requirements. These national
regulations and requirements may have additional requirements that are not covered by this standard and
take precedence.
NOTE 3 Performance requirements with respect to active implantable medical devices are excluded from the Scope
of this standard. These are defined in the relevant particular standards for active implantable medical devices.
The risk assessment described in this standard is only required if an AIMD-Employee is present.
Active Implantable Medical Devices (AIMDs) are regulated by Directive 90/385/EEC and the amendments to
it.
NOTE 4 Product standards EN 45502–1 and of the EN 45502–2-X series describe the product requirements for
different kinds of AIMDs. Different kinds of AIMDs are e.g. pacemaker (EN 45502–2–1), implantable cardioverter
defibrillators (EN 45502–2–2), cochlear implants (EN 45502–2–3), implantable neurostimulators (ISO 14708-3),
implantable infusion pumps (ISO 14708-4).
In situations where the risk assessment following this standard does not lead to a conclusion,
complementary provisions for the assessment of workers exposure for different kinds of AIMDs are given in
particular standards for these specific AIMDs (see Figure 1).

This European Standard provides the procedure for the specific assessment required in EN 50527-1:2016, Annex A, for workers with implanted pacemakers. It offers different approaches for doing the risk assessment. The most suitable one will be used. If the worker has other Active Implantable Medical Devices (AIMDs) implanted additionally, they need to be assessed separately. The purpose of the specific assessment is to determine the risk for workers with implanted pacemakers arising from exposure to electromagnetic fields at the workplace. The assessment includes the likelihood of clinically significant effects and takes account of both transient and long-term exposure within specific areas of the workplace. NOTE 1 This standard does not address risks from contact currents. The techniques described in the different approaches may also be used for the assessment of publicly accessible areas. The frequency range to be observed is from 0 Hz to 3 GHz. Above 3 GHz no interference with the pacemaker occurs when the exposure limits are not exceeded. NOTE 2 The rationale for limiting the observation range to 3 GHz can be found in ISO 14117:2012, Clause 5.

This European Standard provides a procedure to assess the risk to workers bearing one or more active implantable medical devices from exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields at a workplace. It describes how a general risk assessment should be performed and determines whether it is necessary to carry out a detailed risk assessment. NOTE 1 This European Standard does not cover indirect effects caused by non active implants. NOTE 2 The risk of human exposure to EMF considered is only due to malfunctioning of AIMD. Possibilities of AIMD contribution to the risk, e.g. local modification of the distribution of EMF produced by external source or production of own EMF, are covered by the respective product standards for the AIMD. Based on specific workplace standards it can be determined whether preventive measures/actions need to be taken to comply with the provisions of Directive 2013/35/EU. The work situation covered is considered to be under normal working conditions including normal operation, maintenance, cleaning and other situations being part of the normal work. The frequencies covered are from 0 Hz to 300 GHz. The European Parliament and Council Directive 2013/35/EU will be transposed into national legislation in all the EU member countries. It is recommended that users of this standard consult the national legislation related to this transposition in order to identify the national regulations and requirements. These national regulations and requirements may have additional requirements that are not covered by this standard and take precedence. NOTE 3 Performance requirements with respect to active implantable medical devices are excluded from the Scope of this standard. These are defined in the relevant particular standards for active implantable medical devices. The risk assessment described in this standard is only required if an AIMD-Employee is present. Active Implantable Medical Devices (AIMDs) are regulated by Directive 90/385/EEC and the amendments to it. NOTE 4 Product standards EN 45502-1 and of the EN 45502-2-X series describe the product requirements for different kinds of AIMDs. Different kinds of AIMDs are e.g. pacemaker (EN 45502-2-1), implantable cardioverter defibrillators (EN 45502-2-2), cochlear implants (EN 45502-2-3), implantable neurostimulators (ISO 14708-3), implantable infusion pumps (ISO 14708-4). In situations where the risk assessment following this standard does not lead to a conclusion, complementary provisions for the assessment of workers exposure for different kinds of AIMDs are given in particular standards for these specific AIMDs (see Figure 1). (...) Figure 1 - Structure of the EN 50527 family of standards

This European Standard provides the procedure for the specific assessment required in Annex A of EN 50527-1:2010 for workers with implanted pacemakers. It offers different approaches for doing the risk assessment. The most suitable one shall be used. If the worker has other AIMDs implanted additionally, they have to be assessed separately. The purpose of the specific assessment is to determine the risk for workers with implanted pacemakers arising from exposure to electromagnetic fields at the workplace. The assessment includes the likelihood of clinically significant effects and takes account of both transient and long-term exposure within specific areas of the workplace.

This basic standard specifies the method for assessing overall exposure from all fixed radio frequency sources at a broadcast site. This assessment may be applied at any time but must be carried out when the exposure situation changes in or around this site. It plays an essential role in the coordination of different stakeholders, with respect to ensuring EMF exposure compliance in and around a broadcast site especially for equipment installed within the site.

This basic standard specifies the method for assessing overall exposure from all fixed radio frequency sources at a broadcast site. This assessment may be applied at any time but must be carried out when the exposure situation changes in or around this site. It plays an essential role in the coordination of different stakeholders, with respect to ensuring EMF exposure compliance in and around a broadcast site especially for equipment installed within the site.

The scope of this European Standard is to provide a procedure in order to assess the risk to workers bearing 97 one or more active implantable medical devices from exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic 98 fields at a workplace. It specifies how to perform a general risk assessment and to determine whether it is 99 necessary to carry out a detailed risk assessment.

The scope of this European Standard is to provide a general procedure in order to assess workers' exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields in a work place to demonstrate compliance with exposure limit values and action values as stated in the Council and European Parliament Directive 2004/40/EC. The purpose of this European Standard is to - specify how to perform an initial assessment of the levels of workers' exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF), if necessary including specific exposure assessment of such levels by  measurements and/or calculations, - determine whether it is necessary to carry out a detailed risk assessment of EMF exposure. This European Standard can be used by employers for the risk assessment and, where required, measurement and/or calculation of the exposure of workers. Based on specific workplace standards it can be determined whether preventive measures/actions must be taken to comply with the provisions of the Directive. The frequencies covered are from 0 Hz to 300 GHz.

This European Standard gives elements to establish methods for measurement and calculation of quantities associated with the assessment of human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (EMF) in the frequency range from 0 Hz to 300 GHz. The major intention of this Basic Standard is to give the common background and information to relevant EMF standards. This Basic Standard cannot go into details extensively due to the broad frequency range and the huge amount of possible applications. Therefore it is not possible to specify detailed calculation or measurement procedures in this Basic Standard. This standard provides general procedures only for those product and workplace categories for which there do not exist any relevant assessment procedures in any existing European EMF basic standard. If there exists an applicable European EMF standard focused on specific product or workplace categories then the assessment shall follow that standard. If an applicable European EMF standard does not exist, but an applicable assessment procedure in another European EMF standard does exist, then that assessment procedure shall be used. This standard deals with quantities that can be measured or calculated in free space, notably electric and magnetic field strength or power density, and includes the measurement and calculation of quantities inside the body that forms the basis for protection guidelines. In particular the standard provides information on • definitions and terminology, • characteristics of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields, • measurement of exposure quantities, • instrumentation requirements, • methods of calibration, • measurement techniques and procedures for evaluating exposure, • calculation methods for exposure assessment.

The scope of this European Standard is to provide a general procedure in order to assess workers’ exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields in a work place to demonstrate compliance with exposure limit values and action values as stated in the Council and European Parliament Directive 2004/40/EC. The purpose of this European Standard is to - specify how to perform an initial assessment of the levels of workers' exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF), if necessary including specific exposure assessment of such levels by measurements and/or calculations, - determine whether it is necessary to carry out a detailed risk assessment of EMF exposure. This European Standard can be used by employers for the risk assessment and, where required, measurement and/or calculation of the exposure of workers. Based on specific workplace standards it can be determined whether preventive measures/actions must be taken to comply with the provisions of the Directive. The frequencies covered are from 0 Hz to 300 GHz. NOTE 1 This European Standard is written under Mandate M/351 and relates to the exposure limits as specified in the Directive 2004/40/EC. It is intended to protect workers from risks to their health and safety arising or likely to arise from exposure to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz) during their work. However, this and other directives may include additional measures for the protection of specific groups of workers and/or specific work places for which the employer is required to investigate other protective measures as a part of the overall risk assessment. See Annex A. NOTE 2 The Council and European Parliament Directive 2004/40/EC will be transposed into national legislation in all the EU member countries. It is recommended that users of this standard consult the national legislation related to this transposition in order to identify the national regulations and requirements. These national regulations and requirements may have additional requirements that are not covered by this standard.

This product family standard applies to equipment for resistance welding, arc welding and allied processes designed for use in industrial or domestic environments, including welding power sources, wire feeders and ancillary equipment, e.g. torches, liquid cooling systems and arc striking and stabilising devices. NOTE 1 Allied processes are for example resistance hard and soft soldering, resistance heating by means comparable to resistance welding equipment, electric arc cutting and arc spraying. The frequency range covered is 0 Hz to 300 GHz. This product family standard may be used to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of Directive 2006/95/EC [1] (needed for placing electric welding equipment on the European market), with regard to the limitation of human exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF). There are additional requirements in the Directive, which are not included in this product family standard. NOTE 2 The Directive 2006/95/EC [1], Article 2, stipulates that the Member States take all appropriate measures to ensure that electrical equipment may be placed on the market only if, having been constructed in accordance with good engineering practice in safety matters in force in the Community. This product family standard may also be used for assessment regarding the requirements of Directive 2004/40/EC [3] on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (electromagnetic fields) or Recommendation 1999/519/EC [2] on the limitation of exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields, provided that no other relevant field sources are present in close proximity. If other relevant field sources are present, additional assessment is necessary. NOTE 3 It should be noted that the supplier of specific equipment might not know the overall exposure environment in which the equipment is being used. This product family standard can only be used to assess human exposure from the specific equipment under evaluation when being used in accordance with the suppliers guidelines. NOTE 4 Assessment procedures for workplaces with multiple field-sources may be found in EN 50499 [7]. Other standards may apply to products covered by this product family standard. In particular this standard can not be used to demonstrate electromagnetic compatibility with other equipment; nor does it specify any product safety requirements other than those specifically related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields. NOTE 5 Procedures to demonstrate compliance are not specified for the whole frequency range.

This European Standard provides the procedure for the specific assessment required in Annex A of EN 50527 1:2015 for workers with implanted neurostimulators (e.g. spinal cord, deep-brain, retinal, bladder). It offers different approaches for doing the risk assessment. The most suitable one shall be used. If the worker has other Active Implantable Medical Devices (AIMDs) implanted additionally, they have to be assessed separately.

This document provides the procedure for the specific assessment required in EN 50527 1:2016, Annex A, for workers with implanted neurostimulator systems (NS), specifically of the type used for spinal cord stimulation (SCS). It is recognized that implantable neurostimulators have been developed for a wide variety of clinical applications, however the SCS devices within the scope of this document represent the largest segment of the implantable neurostimulator applications thus far. NOTE 1 If the worker has other Active Implantable Medical Devices (AIMDs) implanted additionally, they are assessed separately according to EN 50527 1 or other particular standards within the EN 50527 series. The purpose of the specific assessment is to determine the risk for workers with implanted SCS devices arising from exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) at the workplace. The assessment includes the likelihood of clinically significant effects and takes both transient and long-term exposure within specific areas of the workplace into account. NOTE 2 This document does not address risks from contact currents or the effects upon any associated external devices. The techniques described in the different approaches can also be used for the assessment of publicly accessible areas. The frequency range to be observed is from 0 Hz to 3 GHz. Above 3 GHz no interference with the devices within the scope of this document is expected to occur. NOTE 3 The rationale for limiting the observation range to 3 GHz can be found in ISO 14708 3. NOTE 4 Further information concerning the functions of neurostimulator systems can be found at https://www.aans.org/Patients/Neurosurgical-Conditions-and-Treatments/Spinal-Cord-Stimulation.

This European Standard provides the procedure for the specific assessment required in Annex A of EN 50527 1:2010 for workers with implanted pacemakers. It offers different approaches for doing the risk assessment. The most suitable one shall be used. If the worker has other AIMDs implanted additionally, they have to be assessed separately. The purpose of the specific assessment is to determine the risk for workers with implanted pacemakers arising from exposure to electromagnetic fields at the workplace. The assessment includes the likelihood of clinically significant effects and takes account of both transient and long-term exposure within specific areas of the workplace. NOTE 1 This standard does not address risks to workers bearing a pacemaker from contact currents. The techniques described in the different approaches may also be used for the assessment of publicly accessible areas. The frequency range to be observed is from 0 Hz to 3 GHz. Above 3 GHz no interference with the pacemaker occurs when the exposure limits are not exceeded. NOTE 2 The rationale for limiting the observation range to 3 GHz can be found in Clause 5 of ANSI/AAMI PC69:2007.

The scope of this European Standard is to provide a procedure in order to assess the risk to workers bearing one or more active implantable medical devices from exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields at a workplace. It specifies how to perform a general risk assessment and to determine whether it is necessary to carry out a detailed risk assessment. NOTE 1 This European Standard does not cover indirect effects caused by non active implants. NOTE 2 The the risk of human exposure to EMF considered is only due to malfunctioning of AIMD. Possibilities of AIMD contribution to the risk: e.g. local modification of the distribution of EMF produced by external source or production of own EMF are covered by the respective product standards for the AIMD. Based on specific workplace standards it can be determined whether preventive measures/actions must be taken to comply with the provisions of Directive 2004/40/EC. The work situation covered is considered to be under normal working conditions including normal operation, maintenance, cleaning and other situations being part of the normal work. The frequencies covered are from 0 Hz to 300 GHz. NOTE 3 The European Parliament and Council Directive 2004/40/EC will be transposed into national legislation in all the EU member countries. It is recommended that users of this standard consult the national legislation related to this transposition in order to identify the national regulations and requirements. These national regulations and requirements may have additional requirements that are not covered by this standard and take precedence. NOTE 4 Performance requirements with respect to active implantable medical devices are excluded from the scope of this standard. These are defined in the relevant particular standards for active implantable medical devices. NOTE 5 This standard is written under mandate M/351 and relates to the exposure limits as specified in the Directive 2004/40/EC which is intended to protect workers from risks to their health and safety arising or likely to arise from exposure to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz) during their work. However, this and other directives may include additional measures for the protection of specific groups of workers and/or specific workplaces for which the employer is required to investigate other protective measures as a part of the overall risk assessment.

This European Standard specifies procedures for assessment of electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields produced by industrial and professional induction heating equipment. NOTE This European Standard does not apply to household appliances. Typical induction heating applications are for example: - melting; - zone-melting; - heating before hot forming; - heating by tunnel-inductor; - hardening / coaxial transformer handheld devices; - tube welding; - tube annealing; - hardening; - soldering; - hard-soldering /brazing; - bonding; - annealing; - metal-strip and wire heating; - tempering; - sintering; - shrinking. This product standard covers the frequency range up to 30 MHz taking into account the specific characteristics of industrial and professional induction heating equipment and its usage. This European Standard may also be used for assessment regarding the requirements of Directive 2004/40/EC [1] on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (electromagnetic fields), provided that no other relevant field sources are present in close proximity. If other field sources are present, additional assessment according to EN 50499:2008 is necessary. This European Standard does not cover protective measures for people with active implants.

The object of this standard is to provide methods for assessing compliance with the requirements of the Directive 2004/40/EC [8] at a site operating one or more broadcast transmitters. This standard covers the frequency range up to 40 GHz. NOTE The Council and European Parliament Directive 2004/40/EC will be transposed into national legislation in all the EU member countries. It is recommended that users of this standard consult the national legislation related to this transposition in order to identify the national regulations and requirements. These national regulations and requirements may have additional requirements that are not covered by this standard.

This European Standard applies to equipment for resistance welding and allied processes designed for use in industrial or domestic environments. NOTE 1 Typical allied processes are resistance hard and soft soldering or resistance heating achieved by means comparable to resistance welding equipment. This European Standard establishes a suitable evaluation method for determining the electromagnetic fields in the space around the equipment and defines standardized operating conditions and measuring distances. It provides a method to show conformity with guidelines or requirements concerning human exposure to electromagnetic fields. The Directive 2006/95/EC of the European Parliament and the Council [1], Article 2, stipulates that the Member States take all appropriate measures to ensure that electrical equipment may be placed on the market only if, having been constructed in accordance with good engineering practice in safety matters in force in the Community, it does not endanger the safety of persons, domestic animals or property when properly installed and maintained and used in applications for which is was made. The principal elements of those safety objectives are listed in Annex I Clause 2.b. This standard may be used in conjunction with EN 50445 for demonstration of conformity to the Council Directive with reference to human exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF). There are additional requirements covered by Article 2 and Annex I Clause 2.b, which are not included in this document. The Council Recommendation 1999/519/EC [2] provides Basic Restrictions and Derived reference levels for exposure of the general public. This standard may be used for demonstration of resistance welding equipment conformity to the Council Recommendation on this basis, but there may be additional specific national or international requirements which are not included. The ICNIRP Guidelines [3], on limits of exposure to static magnetic fields as well as for limiting exposure in time varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields, provide Basic restrictions and Derived reference levels for both occupational and general exposure. This standard may be used for demonstration of equipment conformity to ICNIRP Guidelines on this basis, but there may be additional national or international requirements which are not included. It is also possible to use this document as a basis to demonstrate conformity of resistance welding equipment to other national and international guidelines or requirements with regard to human exposure from EMF, for example Council Directive 2004/40/EC [4] on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risk arising from physical agents (electromagnetic fields), or the requirements of the Directive 98/37/EC [5]. In these cases, other restrictions and levels than those referenced above may be used. Other standards may apply to equipment covered by this standard. In particular this standard can not be used to demonstrate electromagnetic compatibility with other equipment; nor does it specify any product safety requirements other than those specifically related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields. The frequency range covered is 0 Hz to 300 GHz.

This European Standard applies to equipment for arc welding and allied processes designed for use in industrial or domestic environments, including welding power sources, wire feeders and ancillary equipment, e.g. torches, liquid cooling systems and arc striking and stabilising devices. NOTE Allied processes are for example electric arc cutting and arc spraying. This standard specifies procedures for assessment of electromagnetic fields produced by arc welding equipment and defines standardized operating conditions and test set-ups. This standard may be used as a basis to demonstrate compliance to national and international guidelines or requirements with regard to human exposure to EMF from arc welding equipment [1] [2]. Other standards may apply to products covered by this standard. In particular this standard can not be used to demonstrate electromagnetic compatibility with other equipment; nor does it specify any product safety requirements other than those specifically related to human exposure to electromagnetic fields.