This document specifies a method for the determination, using an oscillating U-tube density meter, of the density of crude petroleum and related products within the range 600 kg/m3 to 1 100 kg/m3, which can be handled as single-phase liquids at the test temperature and pressure. This document is applicable to liquids of any vapour pressure as long as suitable precautions are taken to ensure that they remain in single phase. Loss of light components leads to changes in density during both the sample handling and the density determination. This method is not intended for use with in-line density meters.

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This document provides accompanying reference software for ISO/IEC 23090-9. The use of this reference software is not required for making an implementation of an encoder or decoder in conformance to ISO/IEC 23090-9. Requirements established in ISO/IEC 23090-9 take precedence over the behaviour of the reference software.

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This document specifies a method for determining the moisture in the general analysis test sample of coke. It can be used for the determination of moisture in blast-furnace coke, foundry-coke and other high-temperature carbonization products.

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This document provides recommendations on how to measure individual employee engagement and whether to aggregate this data to an enterprise view. It demonstrates how the use of a strategic framework for employee engagement determines the key aspects that drive employee engagement, and how a framework of metrics can be developed that link positive or negative outcomes to one or more of the strategic drivers, to link cause and effect. The document also demonstrates the linkage between individual engagement and the role and performance of management at all levels to understand and manage the conditions that impact actual engagement. It demonstrates the complexity and interconnectedness of values, behaviours, processes, systems, and relationships that create a system of inter-dependency responsible for the achievement of optimum employee engagement.

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This document specifies the general requirements for the radiography of steel and iron castings by means of X-rays or gamma-rays.

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This document defines a reference architecture of knowledge engineering (KE) in artificial intelligence (AI). The reference architecture describes KE roles, activities, constructional layers, components and their relationships amongst themselves and other systems from systemic user and functional views. This document also provides a common KE vocabulary by defining KE terms.

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This document provides guidance on assessing the effect or compatibility of an additional or personal lubricant with synthetic male condoms (excluding synthetic polyisoprene condoms). It also applies to topical medicines and any other substances that come into contact with such condoms. It describes the measurement of changes in physical properties of the condoms after exposure to the test substance (i.e. lubricant, topical medicine, etc.) and specifies the pass/fail criteria for such changes. This document is intended to be used for evaluating the compatibility of chosen additional lubricants or topical medicines with chosen synthetic condoms. Each lubricant type is evaluated specifically against each condom material for which compatibility is claimed. This document is not applicable to the assessment of the compatibility of lubricants applied to a condom at the time of manufacture. It is not directly applicable to female condoms, although similar principles can apply.

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This document specifies a method for assessing the amount of filiform corrosion developed from a scribed mark by measuring the length of the longest filament L and the most frequent length M of filaments. Pictorial examples provided in Annex A of this document illustrate different ratings for the degree of filiform corrosion. A comparison of the test panels with the 12 pictures in Annex A does not supersede the obligatory numerical assessment (method 1 or 2). ISO 4628-1 defines a system used for designating the quantity and size of defects and the intensity of uniform changes in appearance of coatings and outlines the general principles of the system. This system is intended to be used, in particular, for defects caused by ageing and weathering, and for uniform changes such as colour changes, for example yellowing.

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This document specifies the designation, dimensions and load ratings of metric-series tyres primarily intended for passenger cars.

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This document establishes general principles of presentation to be applied to construction drawings for general arrangement and assembly, mainly within the field of building and architectural drawings.

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This document specifies types of clamp-in TPMS tubeless valves and associated requirements. It applies to the tyre valves assembled on a valve hole of rim with diameter 11,3 mm for passenger cars and light commercial vehicles (M1 and N1 categories). This document does not include the design, development or requirements of the TPMS housing or the interface between said housing and the valve.

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This document specifies the quality requirements of Ligusticum chuanxiong rhizome (rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.). This document applies to Ligusticum chuanxiong rhizome that is sold and used as natural medicine in international trade, including Chinese materia medica (whole medicinal materials) and decoction pieces derived from this rhizome.

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The proposed project is a revision of ISO/IEC/IEEE 24748-2:2018, Systems and software engineering — Life cycle management — Part 2: Guidelines for the application of ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 (System life cycle processes). There are no scope changes. ISO/IEC/IEEE 24748-2 is a guideline for the application of ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288. It addresses system, life cycle, organizational, project, and process, concept application, principally through reference to ISO/IEC/IEEE 24748-1 and ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288. It gives guidance on applying ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 from the aspects of strategy, planning, application in organizations, and application on projects. It also provides comparison of the differences between ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288 current revision and the prior version, ISO/IEC 15288:2015.

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This document specifies a procedure for determining the loading level of a qualification test of a launch vehicle structure and takes into account all the minimum allowable strength characteristics necessary for these structures.

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This document identifies good practice case studies of smart city responses to COVID-19 through the use of smart technologies, smart data, smart decision-making and smart ways of working. In particular, it aims to demonstrate how the principles for smart city operating models recommended in ISO 37106 can deliver improved outcomes in public-health emergency management (PHEM), at every stage of the command-and-control process for emergency management and incident response set out in ISO 22320. This document is intended to inform ISO 37113, which recommends a framework of good practices that can be used in responding to future public-health emergencies.

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This document specifies the requirements for the production and quality control of synthesized double-stranded DNA. It describes requirements for quality management, resource management, biosafety and biosecurity, quality control in production, product quality, and delivered product specifications for synthesized gene fragments, genes and genomes. This document is applicable to synthetic gene fragments, genes and genomes with a length below 10 Mbp (base pairs) in the forms of non-clonal fragments (linear) and clonal genes in plasmids (circular). This document does not provide specific requirements for materials used solely for diagnostic purposes. When the synthesized nucleic acids are procured and used for diagnostic purposes, the user can take ISO 15189, ISO 13485 and other related clinical standards into account.

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This document specifies the general requirements for a city service platform for public health emergencies. It also specifies the requirements in terms of data, functions, security and privacy protection.

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This document specifies rules and requirements concerning the construction and operation of a firebrand generator. This document is applicable to all firebrand generators.

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This document specifies methods for the zeta potential determination in porous materials that are saturated with a liquid where the pores are readily accessible. There is no restriction on the value of the zeta potential or on the porosity of the porous material. A pore is assumed to be on the scale of hundreds of micrometres or smaller without any restriction on pore geometry. This document covers the applications of alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) methods using aqueous media as wetting liquids. This document is restricted to linear electrokinetic effects.

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This document gives guidance regarding how organizations can establish monitoring, measurement, analysis and evaluation processes, including the development of relevant indicators for the assessment of occupational health and safety (OH&S) performance. It enables organizations to determine if intended results are being achieved, including continual improvement of OH&S performance. This document is applicable to all organizations regardless of type, industry sector, level of risk, size or location. It can be used independently or as part of OH&S management systems, including those based on ISO 45001:2018, or other standards or guidelines.

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This document specifies the objectives and functional requirements for the control and mitigation of fires and explosions on offshore installations used for the development of hydrocarbon resources in oil and gas industries. The object is to achieve: safety of personnel; protection of the environment; protection of assets; minimization of financial and consequential losses of fires and explosions. This document is applicable to the following: fixed offshore structures; floating systems for production, storage, and offloading. Mobile offshore units and subsea installations are excluded, although many of the principles contained in this document can be used as guidance.

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This document gives general guidance on all stages of a translation project. Its main purpose is to ensure efficiency and quality by enhancing communication among the parties involved in the translation project. This document provides a framework for developing translation project specifications that are the basis for requesting, setting up, managing and evaluating translation projects. It also includes guidance on needs analysis, risk assessment and workflows, but it does not provide procedures for evaluating the quality of translation output. This document is primarily intended for those who request translation services. However, it can also be relevant for the translation service providers and the end users of the translation output. It is applicable to all sectors, including the commercial and government sectors, and non-profit organizations. It does not apply to interpreting services.

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This document specifies the requirements for testing principles and systems to produce comparable results with regard to location, type and size of discontinuities in rails. This document does not aim to give any guidelines for managing the result of ultrasonic rail testing. This document only applies to flat bottom (Vignole) railway rail profile 43 kg/m and above. This document only applies to continuous testing of rails installed in track for detecting internal discontinuities. This document only applies to testing equipment fitted to dedicated test vehicles or manually propelled devices. This document treats welded joints as plain rail. This document does not define the requirements for vehicle acceptance. This document does not apply to ultrasonic testing of rails in a production plant.

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This document specifies short-range wireless active communication between two active IoT/telematic hardware items, such as a gateway device and/or a sensor. NOTE Active hardware item in this document refers to devices and sensors, which have capacity to record and transmit measurements, i.e. data, without external activation through extra accessories, e.g. readers or scanners. The application of such communications is based on equipment and container type. This document covers the following: — wireless technology choices for wireless communication involving active hardware items, i.e. sensor to device communication; — critical design factors of containers and hardware items intended to be used within one container environment; — parameters for open protocol communication and possible applications (use cases). This document does not define installation locations for devices and sensors; however, it is expected that the hardware items are installed on or in the container, based on the following considerations: — existing regulations and standards; — container design, and specification of the material it is made of; — best possible connection, which enables interoperable communication between sensor and device; — cargo and personnel safety. Due to the pace of technology development, the number of connected sensors to one gateway device are not defined in this document. This document assumes that at least one sensor can be connected to at least one gateway device wirelessly.

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This document provides requirements for substrate condition before and during application, including structural stability, storage of materials, the preparation, and application of products and systems for repair of concrete structures, including quality control and qualifications of personnel, maintenance, health and safety, and the environment.

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This document specifies a system for waste management and reduction of solid waste in aquaculture. It includes management plans, methods, principles and guidelines. This document is relevant for aquaculture in marine and fresh water bodies. This document does not apply to land-based aquaculture and does not comprise biological waste.

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This document specifies evaluation methods for the oxygen content in fine bubble dispersion in water. Three test methods which are adopted include the optical sensor, the electrochemical probe and the iodometric method. The first two methods have an advantage in availability of in situ and real-time measurement, and high accessibility to commercially available instruments. The last one, composed of a well-established chemical analysis procedure, is advantageous in the situation where the instruments to be used in the first two methods are unavailable. The detection limits of the electrochemical and optical sensor methods are stated in the instruction manuals of the instruments, in most cases 0,1 mg/l or 0,2 mg/l. The upper limit depends on the specification of the instrument used. Most instruments allow measurement of a supersaturated sample. Measurement range of the iodometric method is between 0,2 mg/l and 20 mg/l. NOTE Chemical analysis methods other than the iodometric method can be applied[1] as an alternative.

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This document specifies a method to provide a relative measure for evaluating the degree of size degradation caused by rapid heating of iron ores. It specifies the determination of the decrepitation index. This document is applicable to lump ores for blast furnace feedstocks.

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This document is focused on measuring the autofocus (AF) repeatability of sharpness and latency, meaning camera system’s capability to produce sharp images within certain time frame. The scope of document is limited to testing autofocus sharpness and latency repeatability with stationary charts only as testing with moving charts is not covered.

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This document specifies the technical requirements to minimise the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during the commissioning, operation and maintenance of container/pallet dollies and loose load trailers when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorised representative. It also takes into account some performance requirements recognised as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies. This document applies to container/pallet dollies using ball-mat, inverted cargo castors, or rollers and loose load trailers intended to be used for the transportation of baggage and cargo on airports (examples, see Annex A). This document does not apply to trailers of similar design as used on public roads, e.g., truck type trailers. This document does not establish requirements for noise and vibration. Noise and vibration are dealt with respectively in EN 1915-4 and EN 1915-3. This document is not applicable to container/pallet dollies and loose load trailers which are manufactured before the date of publication by ISO of this document. NOTE Certain measurements have been given in imperial units (in parentheses), following the metric measurements, since the containers/pallets to be handled are based mainly on the imperial system.

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This document specifies how to use the Portable Document Format (PDF) specified in ISO 32000-2 to construct accessible digital documents using PDF technology. This document does not specify: — processes for converting paper or electronic documents to the PDF/UA format; — technical design, user interface, implementation, or operational details of presentation; — physical methods of storing these documents such as media and storage conditions; — required computer hardware and/or operating systems; — requirements specific to content (beyond facilitating programmatic access and textual representation); — requirements applying to specific classes (e.g. invoices, reports, etc.) of documents.

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This document gives information on an interlaboratory comparison for the determination of the time-dependent structural change (thixotropy) using rheological test methods. Thixotropy is the reversible, time-dependent decrease of shear viscosity η at a constant shear rate γ or shear stress τ. This document provides examples of fields of application, in which important material properties can be characterized by the thixotropy. These fields of application include: — effectiveness of rheological additives and thixotropic agents, respectively; — stability of the structure at rest (e.g. behaviour when starting to pump); — wet film thickness after processing; — levelling and sagging behaviour (e.g. without brushmarks or sag formation); — orientation of effect pigments.

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This document specifies a method for designating the coding and nomenclature for tooth developmental stages using a single letter and number to facilitate data entry and support interoperability. The first letter represents the part of the tooth (crown, root and apex), and the number represents the stage of development of the tooth part.

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This document provides guidelines and requirements for surveying the user needs for assistive products and services of persons with sensory disabilities related to seeing and hearing. This document does not provide guidelines or requirements for other disabilities such as physical, mental or cognitive. The methods described in the document do not reflect all possible methods for surveying, but are those most frequently used for assessing user needs.

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This document specifies a method intended for determining the effect on the colour of textiles of all kinds, except loose fibres, to the action of weather as determined by exposure to simulated weathering conditions in a test chamber equipped with a xenon arc lamp. This document focuses on textiles (such as apparel) where the main evaluation criterium is the colour fastness. This method can be used to determine if a textile is sensitive to the combined effect of light and water. NOTE 1 General information on colour fastness to light is given in Annex A. NOTE 2 ISO 105-B10 provides guidance on testing textiles or technical textiles, which are permanently exposed to an outdoor environment and/or require mechanical testing (such as tensile strength determination).

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This document specifies tests for the emissions of volatile organic substances from the gas pathways of a medical device, its parts or accessories, which are intended to provide respiratory care or supply substances via the respiratory tract to a patient in all environments. The tests of this document are intended to quantify emissions of volatile organic substances that are added to the respirable gas stream by the materials of the gas pathway. This document establishes acceptance criteria for these tests. NOTE Gaseous emission of volatile organic substances includes emissions of volatile organic compounds, semi-volatile organic compounds and very volatile organic compounds. This document addresses potential contamination of the gas stream arising from the gas pathways of medical devices or accessories, which is then conducted to the patient. This document applies over the expected lifetime of the medical device in normal use and takes into account the effects of any intended processing. This document does not address biological evaluation of the surfaces of gas pathways that are in direct contact with the patient. The requirements for direct contact surfaces are found in the ISO 10993 series. Medical devices, parts or accessories containing gas pathways that are addressed by this document include, but are not limited to, ventilators, anaesthesia workstations (including gas mixers), breathing systems, oxygen conserving devices, oxygen concentrators, nebulizers, low-pressure hose assemblies, humidifiers, heat and moisture exchangers, respiratory gas monitors, respiration monitors, masks, medical respiratory personal protective equipment, mouth pieces, resuscitators, breathing tubes, breathing systems filters, Y-pieces and any breathing accessories intended to be used with such devices. The enclosed chamber of an incubator, including the mattress, and the inner surface of an oxygen hood are considered to be gas pathways and are also addressed by this document. This document does not address contamination already present in the gas supplied from the gas sources while medical devices are in normal use. EXAMPLE Contamination arriving at the medical device from gas sources such as medical gas pipeline systems (including the non-return valves in the pipeline outlets), outlets of pressure regulators connected or integral to a medical gas cylinder or room air taken into the medical device is not addressed by ISO 18562 series. This document is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 18562-1.

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This document specifies the requirements for seal coatings for factory application to the surfaces of cement mortar linings, which are factory applied to the interior of ductile iron pipes and fittings. It provides the performance requirements for short-term sealing efficiency, long-term durability and cyclic pressure, as well as the routine testing requirements for visual appearance, coating thickness and adhesion. This document is applicable to products for potable and irrigation water and for other applications as per agreement between manufacturer and customer.

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This document specifies: — the general principles governing the biological evaluation within a risk management process of the gas pathways of a medical device, its parts or accessories, which are intended to provide respiratory care or supply substances via the respiratory tract to a patient in all environments; — the general categorization of gas pathways based on the nature and duration of their contact with the gas stream; — the evaluation of existing relevant data from all sources; — the identification of gaps in the available data set on the basis of a risk analysis; — the identification of additional data sets necessary to analyse the biological safety of the gas pathway; — the assessment of the biological safety of the gas pathway. This document covers general principles regarding biocompatibility assessment of medical device materials, which make up the gas pathway, in normal use and normal condition. This document does not cover biological hazards arising from mechanical damage. The other parts of ISO 18562 cover specific tests that address potentially hazardous substances that are added to the respirable gas stream and establish acceptance criteria for these substances. This document addresses potential contamination of the gas stream arising from the gas pathways within the medical device, which might then be conducted to the patient. This document applies over the expected lifetime of the medical device when operated according to the instructions for use. This includes degradation arising from exposure to environmental conditions as well as cleaning, disinfection and sterilisation (i.e. processing). It also includes user action or inaction (omission) that leads to an unintended or unexpected outcome (result) (i.e. use error). It does not include conscious/intentional action or inaction that violates the instructions for use and is beyond reasonable risk control by the manufacturer (i.e. abnormal use). This document does not address biological evaluation of the surfaces of medical devices that have direct contact with the patient or user. The requirements for direct contact surfaces are found in the ISO 10993 series. Medical devices, parts or accessories containing gas pathways that are addressed by this document include, but are not limited to, ventilators, anaesthesia workstations (including gas mixers), breathing systems, oxygen conserving equipment, oxygen concentrators, nebulizers, low-pressure hose assemblies, humidifiers, heat and moisture exchangers, respiratory gas monitors, respiration monitors, masks, medical respiratory personal protective equipment, mouth pieces, resuscitators, breathing tubes, breathing system filters and Y-pieces as well as any breathing accessories intended to be used with such medical devices. The enclosed chamber of an incubator, including the mattress, and the inner surface of an oxygen hood are considered to be gas pathways and are also addressed by this document. This document does not address contamination already present in the gas supplied from the gas sources while medical devices are in normal use. EXAMPLE Contamination arriving at the medical device from gas sources such as medical gas pipeline systems (including the non-return valves in the pipeline outlets), outlets of pressure regulators connected or integral to a medical gas cylinder, or room air taken into the medical device is not addressed by ISO 18562 (all parts).

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The ISO/IEC 30137 series is applicable to the use of biometrics in VSSs (also known as closed circuit television or CCTV systems) for a number of scenarios, including real-time operation against watchlists and in post-event analysis of video data. In most cases, the biometric mode of choice will be face recognition, but this document also provides guidance for other modalities, such as gait recognition. This document: — defines the key terms for use in the specification of biometric technologies in a VSS, including metrics for defining performance; — provides guidance on the selection of camera types, placement of cameras, image specification, etc., for the operation of a biometric recognition capability in conjunction with a VSS; — provides guidance on the composition of the gallery (or watchlist) against which facial images from the VSS are compared, including the selection of appropriate images of sufficient quality, and the size of the gallery in relation to performance requirements; — makes recommendations on data formats for facial images and other relevant information (including metadata) obtained from video footage, used in watchlist images, or from observations made by human operators; — establishes general principles for supporting the operator of the VSS, including user interfaces and processes to ensure efficient and effective operation, and highlights the need to have suitably trained personnel; — highlights the need for robust governance processes to provide assurance that the implemented security, privacy and personal data protection measures specific to the use of biometric technologies with a VSS (e.g. internationally recognizable signage) are fit for purpose, and that societal considerations are reflected in the deployed system. This document also provides information on related recognition and detection tasks in a VSS, such as: — estimation of crowd densities; — determination of patterns of movement of individuals; — identification of individuals appearing in more than one camera; — use of other biometric modalities such as gait or iris; — use of specialized software to infer attributes of individuals, e.g. estimation of gender and age; — interfaces to another related functionality, e.g. video analytics to measure queue lengths or to provide alerts for abandoned baggage.

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This document specifies tests for the emissions of particulate matter from the gas pathways of a medical device, its parts or accessories, which are intended to provide respiratory care or supply substances via the respiratory tract to a patient in all environments. The tests of this document are intended to quantify particles from 0,25 µm diameter to 10 µm diameter that are emitted by the medical device, its parts or accessories into the respirable gas stream. This document establishes acceptance criteria for these tests. This document does not address nanoparticles. Insufficient data exist to establish exposure limits for particles less than 0,25 µm diameter. This document does not address particles larger than 10 µm diameter. These particles are deposited in the nasal cavity. Additional information can be needed for medical devices or accessories that bypass the nose. This is outside the scope of this document but can be required by some authorities having jurisdiction. This document therefore adopts the same approach as the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in setting limits based solely on particle size and not their chemistry. This document addresses potential contamination of the gas stream arising from the gas pathways, which is then conducted to the patient. This document applies over the expected lifetime of the medical device in normal use and takes into account the effects of any intended processing. This document does not address biological evaluation of the particles that are deliberately released by a nebulizer (i.e. the therapeutic agent). This document does not address biological evaluation of the surfaces of gas pathways that have direct contact with the patient. The requirements for direct contact surfaces are found in the ISO 10993 series. Medical devices, parts or accessories, containing gas pathways that are addressed by this document, include, but are not limited to, ventilators, anaesthesia workstations (including gas mixers), breathing systems, oxygen conserving devices, oxygen concentrators, nebulizers, low-pressure hose assemblies, humidifiers, heat and moisture exchangers, respiratory gas monitors, respiration monitors, masks, medical respiratory personal protective equipment, mouth pieces, resuscitators, breathing tubes, breathing systems filters, Y-pieces, and any breathing accessories intended to be used with such devices. The enclosed chamber of an incubator, including the mattress, and the inner surface of an oxygen hood are considered to be gas pathways and are also addressed by this document. This document does not address contamination already present in the gas supplied from the gas sources while medical devices are in normal use. EXAMPLE Contamination arriving at the medical device from gas sources such as medical gas pipeline systems (including the non-return valves in the pipeline outlets), outlets of pressure regulators connected or integral to a medical gas cylinder or room air taken into the medical device is not addressed by ISO 18562 (all parts).

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This document applies to the BASIC SAFETY and ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE of LENS REMOVAL DEVICES and VITRECTOMY DEVICES for ophthalmic surgery (as defined in 201.3.209 and 201.3.217) and associated ACCESSORIES that can be connected to this MEDICAL ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, hereafter referred to as ME EQUIPMENT. If a clause or subclause is specifically intended to be applicable to ME EQUIPMENT only, or to ME SYSTEMS only, the title and content of that clause or subclause will say so. If that is not the case, the clause or subclause applies both to ME EQUIPMENT and to ME SYSTEMS, as relevant. HAZARDS inherent in the intended physiological function of ME EQUIPMENT or ME SYSTEMS within the scope of this document are not covered by specific requirements in this document except in 7.2.13 of IEC 60601-1:2005 and IEC 60601 1:2005/AMD2:2020 and 8.4.1 of IEC 60601-1:2005. IEC 80601-2-58:2024 cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2014 and its Amendment 1:2016. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) the alignment of this particular standard based on the amendment of IEC 60601-1:2005, IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD1:2012 and IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD2:2020; b) updating collateral, particular and IEC 60601-1:2005, IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD1:2012 and IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD2:2020 references to align with amendments to IEC 60601-1:2005, IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD1:2012 and IEC 60601-1:2005/AMD2:2020 and other collateral standards; c) updated normative references; d) added new requirement for particulate matter from APPLIED PARTS in 201.9.5.101; e) adding the shadow light method in 201.12.1.101.7; f) clarify test conditions for EMC requirements in 202.7.1.2; g) updated Table D.4 references to include specific IEC references to the symbols and delete “Annex AA, 201.7.6.101”; h) include a new annex to address the relevant general safety and performance requirements of European regulation (EU) 2017/745 (Annex BB); i) remove all references of the LIQUEFACTION FRAGMENTATION LENS REMOVAL method.

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This document specifies the general requirements for brake systems. This document focuses on general principles and general requirements of brake systems. This document is applicable for all types of rolling stock during design and whole lifetime. This document does not specify the braking performance criteria. This document can be applied to all rolling stock with metal to metal wheel/rail contact irrespective of speed classification.

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This document specifies tests for substances leached by liquid water condensing in gas pathways of a medical device, its parts or accessories, which are intended to provide respiratory care or supply substances via the respiratory tract to a patient in all environments. The chemical characterization methods described in this document apply to chemical substances that could leach from the medical device, its parts or accessories into the condensate. This document establishes verifiable acceptance criteria for these tests. The identity and quantity of each chemical released is intended for toxicological risk assessment as described in ISO 18562-1:2024. This document addresses potential contamination of the gas stream arising from the gas pathways, which deliver breathing gas to the patient. This document applies over the expected lifetime of the medical device in normal use and takes into account the effects of any intended processing. This document does not address biological evaluation of the surfaces of gas pathways that have direct contact with the patient. The requirements for direct contact surfaces are found in the ISO 10993 series. Medical devices, parts or accessories containing gas pathways that are addressed by this document include, but are not limited to, ventilators, anaesthesia workstations (including gas mixers), breathing systems, oxygen conserving devices, oxygen concentrators, nebulizers, low-pressure hose assemblies, humidifiers, heat and moisture exchangers, respiratory gas monitors, respiration monitors, masks, medical respiratory personal protective equipment, mouth pieces, resuscitators, breathing tubes, breathing systems filters, Y-pieces and any breathing accessories intended to be used with such devices. The enclosed chamber of an incubator, including the mattress, and the inner surface of an oxygen hood are considered to be gas pathways and are also addressed by this document. This document does not address contamination already present in the gas supplied from the gas sources while medical devices are in normal use. EXAMPLE Contamination arriving at the medical device from gas sources such as medical gas pipeline systems (including the non-return valves in the pipeline outlets), outlets of pressure regulators connected or integral to a medical gas cylinder, or room air taken into the medical device. This document does not address contact with drugs or anaesthetic agents. If a medical device or accessory is intended to be used with anaesthetic agents or drugs, then additional testing can be required. This document is intended to quantify hazardous water-soluble substances that are leached from the medical device, its parts or accessories by condensate and then conveyed by that liquid to the patient.

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This document specifies two procedures for determining the decrease in counterforce exerted by a test piece of vulcanized or thermoplastic rubber which has been compressed to a constant deformation and maintained thus at a predetermined test temperature. The counterforce can be determined either by means of a continuous-measurement system or by a discontinuous-measurement one. Two test methods are specified, method A and method B. In method A the compression and all measurements of counterforce are made at test temperature and in method B the compression and all measurements of counterforce are made at standard laboratory temperature. Method A and method B do not give the same results, as in method B the shrinkage of the material from the test temperature to standard laboratory temperature is included in the result. Two forms of test piece are specified in this document: cylindrical test pieces and rings. Comparison of results is valid only when made on test pieces of similar size and shape. The use of ring test pieces is particularly suitable for the determination of stress relaxation in liquid environments. This document deals only with testing at constant ambient or elevated temperature. Testing at temperatures below standard laboratory temperature is not specified. The methods have been used for low‑temperature testing, but their reliability under these conditions is not proven.

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This document applies to nuclear power plants with water cooled reactors. For other nuclear facilities check the applicability of the document in advance, before it might be applied correspondingly. This document specifies the requirements for the earthquake safety of components. The operation-specific safety-related requirements for each component, e.g. load-bearing capacity (stability), integrity and functionality (see 4.1) are not the subject of this document. With regard to analysing the mechanical behaviour of the individual components and verifying the fulfillment of their safety related functions, additionally, the respective component-specific standards need to be consulted. In this document, the term "mechanical components" refers to components such as vessels, heat exchangers, pumps, valves, lifting gear, distribution systems and pipe lines including their support structures in as far as these components are not considered to be civil structures in accordance with ISO 4917-3. Liners, crane runways, platforms and scaffoldings are not considered as being part of these mechanical components. In this document, the term electrical components refers to the combination of electrical devices including all electrical connections and their support structures (e.g. cabinets, frames, consoles, brackets, suspensions or supports). Supplementary to this document the seismic qualification of electrical components is reported in IEC/IEEE 60980-344. NOTE This document is independent of national standards. Recommendations, given in Annex A, are mainly based on the Eurocodes-Design-Philosophy and European Standards. Alternatively other equivalent standards or regulations can be used in case the general requirements given in this document together with Annex A can be met.

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This document establishes requirements for interoperability among systems developed for management and/or control of irrigation facilities. It can be applied under any technological platform and irrigation system, regardless of the water management scheme, with the exception of irrigation mobile machinery, including centre pivots and linear irrigation machines. Due to the dynamic nature of these machines, associated control systems and specific safety requirements, the applicability of exchangeable data for irrigation mechanical move systems was not fully determined at the time of this publication. This document does not define hardware or software requirements for any of the systems to which it applies. It only concerns externally visible interfaces and places no restriction on the underlying implementations. It has been designed to avoid interference with proprietary solutions subjected to intellectual property. From the point of view of the data exchange, and to guarantee interoperability based on the previous premises, this document defines three communication interfaces (interface with management, interface with events and interface with subsystems) and the architecture to which these interfaces apply. Three levels of architecture has been defined to accommodate these interfaces: — The Management Level, where any MIS conforming with this document is located. Out of all available data exchange methods, each MIS only implements those required to execute its functionalities. — The Higher Control Level: coordination. At this level is performed the data integration among RMCS and the access control to it. A software element, called coordination broker, ensures this integration and allows the use of different technologies in its interfaces. — The Lower Control Level: RMCS. These can also be referred to as irrigation subsystems. The RMCS perform the duties of the irrigation entity(s) under its control. A coordination broker can be developed as a product by any of these manufacturers or by an independent developer using the standard specifications for this kind of software.

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This document specifies general requirements for the preparation of construction drawings intended for the field assembly of prefabricated structures for building and civil engineering works.

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