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IEC 61375-1:2026 applies to the architecture of data communication systems in open trains, i.e. it covers the architecture of a communication system for the data communication between vehicles of the said open trains, the data communication within the vehicles and the data communication from train to the ground. The applicability of IEC 61375-1 to the train network technologies allows for interoperability of individual vehicles within open trains in international traffic. The data communication systems inside vehicles are given as recommended solutions to cope with the said TCN. In any case, proof of compatibility between a proposed train backbone and a proposed consist network will have to be brought by the supplier. IEC 61375-1 might be additionally applicable to closed trains and multiple unit trains when so agreed between purchaser and supplier. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) Extension of train backbone topologies: aggregated and segregated topology;
b) Added independent consist orientation check with segregated train backbone topology;
c) Introduction of wireless technologies: wireless train backbone and wireless consist network;
d) Possibility of virtual networks;
e) Definition of data classes and protocol requirements suitable for the OMTS domain;
f) New clause about cybersecurity in train communication networks.

IEC 62820-1-1 specifies the technical requirements for the composition, functions, performance, and test methods of general building intercom systems.
This document is applicable to the general intercom systems for building entry in residential or commercial buildings.
Door-Entry-System (DES) is a simple kind of convenient Building-Intercom-System (BIS) mainly for user’s comfort. This document has classified the general building intercom systems into two grades in IEC 62820-1-1. Grade 1 adopts lower requirements to cover DES not used for relevant security applications while grade 2 adopts higher requirements for building intercom systems for security applications. Each grade can adopt different functional and performance requirements, test methods and normative references.
NOTE The different requirements between grade 1 and grade 2 are summarized in Table C.1 of Annex C.

The present document defines specific QCStatement for the qcStatements extension as defined in IETF RFC 3739 [2], clause 3.2.6, including requirements for their use in EU qualified certificates. Some of these QCStatements can be used for other forms of certificate. The QCStatements defined in the present document can be used in combination with any certificate profile, either defined in ETSI EN 319 412-2 [i.2], ETSI EN 319 412-3 [i.5] and ETSI EN 319 412-4 [i.6], or defined elsewhere. The QCStatements defined in clause 4.3 can be applied to regulatory environments outside the EU. Other requirements specified in clause 4 are specific to Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 [i.8] but may be adapted for other regulatory environments.

This document specifies a semantic data model of the core elements of an Electronic invoice. The semantic data model includes only the essential information elements that an Electronic invoice needs to ensure legal (including fiscal) compliance and to enable interoperability for cross-border, cross sector and domestic trade. The semantic data model can be applied by organizations in the private and the public sector for public procurement invoicing. It can also be used for invoicing between private sector enterprises. It has not been specifically designed for invoicing consumers.
This document complies at least with the following criteria:
— it is technologically neutral;
— it is compatible with relevant international standards on electronic invoicing;
— the application of this standard should comply with the requirements for the protection of personal data of Directive 95/46/EC, having due regard to the principles of privacy and data protection bydesign, data minimization, purpose limitation, necessity and proportionality;
— it is consistent with the relevant provisions of Directive 2006/112/EC [2];
— it allows for the establishment of practical, user-friendly, flexible and cost-efficient electronic invoicing systems;
— it takes into account the special needs of small and medium-sized enterprises as well as of subcentral contracting authorities and contracting entities;
— it is suitable for use in commercial transactions between enterprises.

This document specifies processes for the management and operation of data centres. The primary focus of this document is the processes necessary to deliver the expected level of resilience, availability, risk management, risk mitigation, capacity planning, security and resource and energy efficiency.
The secondary focus is on organization and data centre management to align the actual and future demands. Only processes specific for data centres are in the scope of this document.
Business processes like people management, financial management, etc. are out of scope.

This document is applicable to ventilation systems in commercial kitchens, associated areas and other installations processing foodstuffs intended for commercial use. Kitchens and associated areas are special rooms in which meals are prepared, where tableware and equipment are washed and cleaned, food is stored, and food waste areas.
This document specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the configuration, installation, testing, maintenance and safety of fixed kitchen fire extinguishing systems within the design of commercial kitchens in buildings. It is applicable for fire extinguishing systems providing appliance-specific protection as well as overlapping zone protection.
This document provides the guidelines to install fixed fire extinguishing systems to protect against grease fires on the cooking appliances in the extract ventilation system. This document includes recommendations for the certification of system hardware, as well as design, installation and maintenance of the system.
NOTE   It is possible that there are additional or alternative local national regulations on installation, appliance requirements and inspection, maintenance and operation.
This document is applicable to kitchen ventilation systems excluding those in domestic kitchens.

This document provides test methods and test requirements for design either qualification or acceptance, or both of small spacecraft or units. It provides the minimum test requirements and test methods to qualify the design and manufacturing methods of commercial small spacecraft and their units and to accept the final products. This document is applicable to satellites whose development methods are different from the ones used for traditional satellites that have little room for risk tolerance. The scope of this document encompasses different categories of small spacecraft, so-called mini-, micro-, nano-, pico- and femto spacecraft. This document includes CubeSat, as long as it is developed with the untraditional processes. This document does not cover satellite deployment mechanisms, such as picosatellite orbital deployer (POD), as the verification requirements are defined in the interface control document (ICD) with the launcher, such as ISO 26869[1]. This document does not cover software testing, although some tests such as functional test, mission test and end-to-end test are inherently used to test the software installed in the hardware being tested. General requirements and processes of satellite software testing can be found in various references, such as ECSS-E-ST40[2]. This document does not cover requirements regarding safety nor debris mitigation. Appropriate documents such as ISO 14620-1[3] or ISO 24113[4] can be referred to. Other common requirements for small spacecraft can be found in ISO 20991[5].

This document specifies a method of preparing a ground sample of spice or condiment for analysis, from a laboratory sample obtained by the method specified in ISO 948.
This document is applicable to the majority of spices and condiments. However, in view of the large number and diversity of spices and condiments, it can be necessary in certain special cases, for example, considerable hardness, or high moisture, volatile oil or fat content, to use a modified procedure or to choose another more
suitable method. Any such modified procedure or alternative method will be indicated in the International Standard appropriate to the spice or condiment concerned.

This document specifies fundamental concepts of the reference model for textual documents and provides guidance to support long-term preservation from the perspectives of its five layers. It defines: the layers that constitute the reference model for textual documents; the types of elements incorporated within textual documents; property types associated with textual documents; classifications of properties by type; and properties inherent to textual documents relevant to long-term preservation. This document does not cover: specific technical methods for checking whether the properties exist within a specific textual document; specific technical methods for analysing particular textual document format (e.g. DOC, DOCX, ODT, TXT, PDF); specific metadata items for the long-term preservation of textual documents; processes, procedures, or management practices related to long-term preservation or records management.

This document specifies the general requirements relating to the design of ballastless track systems, including configuration of ballastless track system, subsystems and components requirements, and other related interfaces.

This document: gives an overview of the ISO 17978 series; specifies rules and basic principles for the service-oriented vehicle diagnostics (SOVD), conforming to the extended vehicle (ExVe) methodology, as specified in the ISO 20077 series; defines general terms.

This document, published jointly by IEC and ISO, provides, in combination with IEC 81346‑1 and IEC 81346‑2, rules and recommendations on the structuring of systems and the information on systems of manufacturing systems. It also provides additional classification schemes to those of IEC 81346‑2 for use in reference designations within manufacturing systems. It is published as a double logo standard. The structuring principles and the classes of objects are intended to provide a clear identification and localization of the objects, and for use in their labelling in the manufacturing plant, for their designation in technical documents and for the designation of the technical documents as well. The requirements in this document apply for processing, transportation and storage of products, as well as for systems to support the manufacturing process such as electrical systems, management systems and waste disposal systems. This document applies to different areas within the manufacturing industry such as light industry, electrical and optical industry, chemical industry, material industry and heavy industry. This document is not applicable for designations related to product individuals (e.g. inventory number, serial number) nor to the products manufactured. This document is also a horizontal publication intended for use by technical committees in preparation of publications related to reference designations in accordance with the principles laid down in IEC Guide 108.

This document provides a workflow comprising experimental procedures and flaw detection algorithms aimed at locating flaws in parts produced during the powder bed fusion-laser-based (PBF-LB) process of metals. It emphasizes the use of coaxial photodiode-based in-situ monitoring and statistical and clustering machine learning algorithms, particularly for detecting lack of fusion-induced flaws. The workflow delineates setting thresholds for statistical detection and determining the number of clusters for machine learning algorithms, utilizing intentional seeded flaws in parts. Validation procedures are provided through computed tomography scanner data. Hardware limitations and considerations for multi-laser processes are addressed, with attention to potential issues.

This document gives guidance and requirements for the assessment of conformity of formulations, products and assemblies in accordance with EN 1329-1:2026 intended to be included in the manufacturer’s quality plan as part of the quality management system and for the establishment of certification procedures.
NOTE 1   A basic test matrix provides an overview of the testing scheme in Annex A, Table A.1.
NOTE 2   If certification is involved, the certification body operating in accordance with EN ISO/IEC 17065[1] and EN ISO/IEC 17020[2] is considered to be competent.

This document specifies rules for indicating the tolerance for surface form deviation, in the ISO 10110 series, which standardizes drawing indications for optical elements and systems. NOTE The terminology of interferometry employing the unit “fringe spacings” is widely used for the specification of tolerances. However, the usage of non-interferometric methods for testing of optical parts has recently become more important. Therefore, unlike in the earlier versions of this document, nanometres are now the preferred and standard unit to express surface form deviations. The usage of fringe spacings is still permitted, provided that the base wavelength is explicitly stated. This document applies to surfaces of plano, spherical, aspheric, cylindric, and toric form as well as to surfaces of other non-spherical shape such as generally described surfaces. It also applies to the substrates of diffractive surfaces; for transmitted or reflected wavefront specifications see ISO 10110-16 and ISO 10110-14.

This document specifies test methods for fitting assemblies used in aircraft fluid systems in the pressure and temperature ranges covered by pressure from classes B, to K, and temperature types I, II and III of ISO 6771. This document applies each time that it is referred to in a procurement specification or other definition document which contains the pass and fail criteria for these tests.

This document specifies general methods, with suitable test conditions, for the determination of the ash of a range of plastics. The particular conditions chosen can be included in the specifications for the plastic material in question. Particular conditions applicable to poly(alkylene terephthalate) materials, unplasticized cellulose acetate, polyamides and poly(vinyl chloride) plastics, including some specific filled, glass-fibre-reinforced and flame-retarded materials, are specified in ISO 3451-2, ISO 3451-3, ISO 3451-4 and ISO 3451-5.

This document is applicable to all electronic equipment for control, regulation, protection, diagnostic, energy supply installed on railway vehicles and any relevant elements of rolling stock subsystems (e.g. external doors, On-Board ETCS functionality, wheel slide protection).
For the purpose of this document, electronic equipment is defined as equipment composed of electronic components (e.g. resistors, capacitors, transistors, diodes, integrated circuits, hybrids, application specific integrated circuits, wound components and relays), and recognized associated components (e.g. connectors, mechanical parts). These components are mainly mounted on printed circuit boards.
Sensors (e.g. current, voltage, speed) and semiconductor drive units for power electronic devices are covered by this document. Complete semiconductor drive units and power converters are covered by EN 61287 1.
This document covers the requirements for operating conditions, design, documentation, testing and integration of electronic equipment, as well as hardware and software requirements considered necessary for compliant and reliable equipment.
Specific requirements related to practices necessary to ensure defined safety integrity level or functional safety are not covered by this document. Nevertheless, this document is applicable to the hardware of all rolling stock electronic equipment or systems performing safety-related functions.
The software development requirements for on-board railway equipment are specified by EN 50716.

This document specifies methods for the determination of seam maximum force of sewn seams when the force is applied perpendicularly to the seam. It describes the method known as the grab test.
The method defined in this document is applicable to woven textile fabrics, including fabrics which exhibit stretch characteristics imparted by the presence of an elastomeric fibre, mechanical or chemical treatment. It can be applicable to fabrics produced by other techniques. It is normally not applicable to geotextiles, nonwovens, coated fabrics, textile-glass woven fabrics and fabrics made from carbon fibres or polyolefin tape yarns.[2], [3], [4]
This method is applicable to straight seams only (obtained from previously sewn articles or prepared from fabric samples) and not to curved seams (see Annex B for considerations on seams).
The method is restricted to the use of constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) testing machines.