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This document specifies a method for the measurement of focal spot sizes within the range of 5 µm to 300 µm of X-ray systems up to and including 225 kV tube voltage. This determination is based on the evaluation of an image with a dedicated focal spot that has been radiographically recorded using an edge and evaluated with a digital method.
The imaging quality and the resolution of X-ray images depend highly on the characteristics of the effective focal spot, in particular its size and the two-dimensional intensity distribution as seen from the detector plane.
For the characterization of commercial X-ray tube types (i.e. for advertising or trade), the nominal values of Annex A are preferred.
NOTE            The same procedure can be used at higher kilovoltages by agreement but the accuracy of the measurement can be poorer.

IEC 63522-4:2025 is used for testing along with the appropriate severities and conditions for measurements and tests designed to assess the ability of DUTs to perform under expected conditions of transportation, storage and all aspects of operational use.
The object of this test is to define a standard test method for the dielectric strength test.

This document includes the following significant technical changes with respect to IEC 62589 and the former IEC 62590:
a) Reduction of the requirements for uncontrolled rectifiers only;
b) Interface model for the different systems connected;
c) Energy efficiency addressed.
This part of IEC 62590 describes functions and working principles, specifies requirements, interfaces and test methods of uncontrolled rectifiers for DC electric traction power supply systems. Uncontrolled rectifiers connect a 3AC power network with a DC electric traction system with a unidirectional power flow using diode assemblies.
The coordination between the transformer and the rectifier diode assembly is included.
This document applies to fixed installations of following electric traction power supply systems:
• railway networks;
• metropolitan transport networks including metros, tramways, trolleybuses and fully automated transport systems, magnetic levitated transport systems, electric road systems.
This first edition of IEC 62590-2-1, in conjunction with the other parts of the IEC 62590 series, cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 62589 published in 2010 and the second edition of IEC 62590 published in 2019.

This part of IEC 60358 applies to:
Coupling capacitors and capacitor dividers, with rated voltage > 1 000 V, connected line to ground with the low-voltage terminal either permanently earthed or connected to devices, for applications listed hereunder and other similar uses.
This document serves as a basic standard for the coupling capacitors and capacitor dividers.The different parts of this standard series will present the supplementary specifications and tests, for example IEC 60358-2, IEC 60358-3 or IEC 60358-4.
Diagrams of coupling capacitor and capacitor divider to which this standard series applies are given in Figure A.1 and Figure A.2 (see Annex A).

This document specifies the behaviour of web application programming interfaces (APIs) that provide access to tiles of one or more geospatial data resources (collections) that the web API offers. This document describes how to: discover which resources offered by the web API can be retrieved as tiles; get metadata about the available tile sets (including according to which tile matrix set each tile set is partitioned and the limits of that tile set within a common potentially global tile matrix set); request a tile. The core conformance class is defined in a way that can be easily included in a web API, even if that API does not conform to the OGC API – Common Standard. A web API can combine some requirements classes of this document with those of other OGC API standards (including OGC API – Common) to extend the scope of the web API by adding functionality.

This part of IEC 60352 is applicable to spring clamp connections made with stripped wire of the following types and sizes according to IEC 60228 or IEC 60189-3, without further preparation (later described “unprepared”):
– solid conductors (e.g. class 1 of IEC 60228) of 0,32 mm to 3,7 mm nominal diameter (0,08 mm2 to 10 mm2 cross-section), or
– stranded conductors (e.g. class 2 of IEC 60228) of 0,08 mm2 to 10 mm2 cross-section, or
– flexible conductors (e.g. class 5 or 6 of IEC 60228) of 0,08 mm2 to 10 mm2 cross-section, for use in electrical and electronic equipment and components.
Information on materials and data from industrial experience is included in addition to the test procedures to provide electrically stable connections under prescribed environmental conditions.
The object of this document is to determine the suitability of spring clamp connections under specified mechanical, electrical and atmospheric conditions.
NOTE IEC Guide 109 advocates the need to minimize the impact of a product on the natural environment throughout the product life cycle. It is understood that some of the materials permitted in this document can have a negative environmental impact. As technological advances lead to acceptable alternatives for these materials, they will be
eliminated from this document.

This European Standard is applicable to new low voltage devices for measurement, control and protection which are:
—   for indoor or outdoor fixed installations in traction systems, and
—   operated in conjunction with high voltage equipment with an a.c. line voltage and frequency as specified in EN 50163.
This European Standard also applies to measurement, control and protective devices other than low voltage devices and not covered by a specific railway product standard as far as reasonably possible. Requirements of this document prevail.
Scope of amendment
Implementation of 2 technical changes:
—   Modification of subclause 5.4, second item in list of protection functions.
—   Aligning the value for short-circuit current of 50 Hz traction systems given in Annex A subclause A.2.1 ‘Line testing – General’ with EN 50388-1:2022 Table 7

This document specifies the requirements for metallic shop fabricated cylindrical vertical steel tanks, single and double skin for the aboveground storage of water polluting liquids (both flammable and non-flammable) within the following limits:
—   from Ø 1250 mm up to Ø 4 000 mm inner tank nominal diameter, and
—   up to maximum overall shell length of 6 times the nominal inner tank diameter (or max 14 m shell lenght Lz), and
—   tank possible to be divided from 1 to 5 compartments,
—   for liquids with maximum density of up to 1,9 kg/l, and
—   with an operating pressure (P0) of maximum 50kPa (0,5 bar (g)) and minimum – 5 kPa (- 50 mbar (g)), and
—   where double skin tanks with vacuum leak detection system are used the kinematic viscosity of the stored media shall not exceed 5 × 10−3 m2/s.
This document is applicable for normal ambient temperature conditions (−40 °C to + 50 °C). Where temperatures are outside this range, additional requirements need to be taken into account.
This document is not applicable to tanks used for storage and/or supply of fuel/gas for building heating/cooling systems, and of hot or cold water not intended for human consumption, nor to loads and special measures necessary in areas subject to risk of earthquakes.
This document is not applicable for the storage of liquids having dangerous goods classes listed in Table 1 because of the special dangers involved.
Table 1 - List of dangerous goods which are not covered by this document
UN-classification   Type of dangerous goods
Class 1   Explosives
Class 4.2   Substances liable to spontaneous combustion
Class 4.3   Substances which in contact with water emit flammable gases
Class 5.2   Organic peroxides
Class 6.2   Infectious substances
Class 7   Radioactive substances, hydrocyanic or hydrocyanic solvent liquids, metal carbons, hydrofluoric acid, bromide liquids
NOTE   The classifications referred to are those adopted by the United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (not to be interpreted as tank classes described in 6.2).

IEC 60749-20-1:2019 applies to all devices subjected to bulk solder reflow processes during PCB assembly, including plastic encapsulated packages, process sensitive devices, and other moisture-sensitive devices made with moisture-permeable materials (epoxies, silicones, etc.) that are exposed to the ambient air. The purpose of this document is to provide SMD manufacturers and users with standardized methods for handling, packing, shipping, and use of moisture/reflow sensitive SMDs that have been classified to the levels defined in IEC 60749-20. These methods are provided to avoid damage from moisture absorption and exposure to solder reflow temperatures that can result in yield and reliability degradation. By using these procedures, safe and damage-free reflow can be achieved, with the dry packing process, providing a minimum shelf life capability in sealed dry-bags from the seal date. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: - updates to subclauses to better align the test method with IPC/JEDEC J-STD-033C, including new sections on aqueous cleaning and dry pack precautions; - addition of two annexes on colorimetric testing of HIC (humidity indicator card) and derivation of bake tables.

This document focuses on recommending condition monitoring (CM) techniques for detecting and diagnosing developing machine faults associated with the most common potential failure modes in reciprocating compressors. This document is intended to set out a reliable and effective CM approach for reciprocating compressors, to create a mutual understanding of the criteria for successful reciprocating compressor CM and to foster cooperation between the various application stakeholders, for use by end-users, contractors, consultants, service providers, machine and part manufacturers and instrument suppliers, as the reciprocating compressor design, its operation and maintenance regime can be very different from one application to the next, it is important to highlight that condition monitoring and diagnostics method described in this document is reference guidelines and non-mandatory information, and To make this standard more effective, it is required to actively share the operation and condition data of the reciprocating compressor among the relevant parties. Some of the reciprocating compressor types covered by the requirements of this document include: slow (under 600 r/min) and moderate speed (600 r/min to 1 000 r/min) machines manufactured and procured in accordance with the requirements of API STD 618; high-speed and pre-packaged machines (over 1 000 r/min) on a skid that are manufactured and procured in accordance with the requirements of ISO 13631 or API SPEC 11P; hyper compressors used for secondary ethylene compression in low density polyethylene (LDPE) production; lubricated and non-lubricated machines; water-cooled and gas-cooled machines; horizontal, vertical V-type, L-type and W-type machines; horizontal, vertical machines with piston rings and those with labyrinth seal pistons (vertical machines only); single-acting and double acting machines; machines with a tandem cylinder configuration; single and multi-stage compression machines; machines with and without capacity control; ring, poppet, reed and plate valve type machines; machines mounted on flexible and rigid structures; machines driven by electric motors, gas and diesel engines, turbines (with or without a gearbox) all with a flexible or rigid coupling; tintegral gas-engine-driven machines (engine portion out of scope); offshore applications (e.g. platforms, FPSOs (floating production storage and offloading), FLNGs (floating liquified natural gas), FPU (offshore foating production unit) and fixed installations). This document focuses on the compressor itself (cylinders, distance pieces, crosshead, frame and all internal parts) and not on the prime mover or the external systems (e.g. piping, scrubbers, pulsation vessels, and pulsation control devices). Only brief mention is made of monitoring the foundation, skid and pedestal. The scope does not include requirements for monitoring the auxiliary systems (e.g. for lubrication, cylinder cooling, intercoolers and gas purging), but process parameters from these systems are often monitored. The scope does not cover installation analyses of systems either, (e.g. pulsation and mechanical response and thermal analysis of the piping). This document covers online (permanently installed) and portable instrument CM and diagnostic techniques for operating reciprocating compressors. Machine testing, which is only done during shutdown, although very important, is not part of the scope of this document, nor is the one-time acceptance and performance testing.

This document specifies a method for determining the Charpy impact strength of plastics under defined conditions. It defines a number of different types of specimen and test configurations. It also specifies different test parameters according to the type of material, the type of test specimen and the type of notch. The method described in this document can be used to investigate the behaviour of specified types of specimen under the impact conditions defined and for estimating the brittleness or toughness of specimens within the limitations inherent in the test conditions. It can also be used for the determination of comparative data from similar types of material.

This document specifies requirements for and gives guidance on the development, embedding, communication, validation and verification of sustainable finance products and services (SFPS). It addresses the product and service areas of lending, asset management, insurance, payment accounts and digital assets. This document is applicable to any organization that intends to provide or is providing SFPS with an integration of defined environmental, social and governance (ESG) aspects and proof of intended impacts. It can be used for aligning existing SFPS or designing new ones. This document enables organizations to define, embed, communicate, attribute and effectively evaluate SFPS. It further enables successful marketing and documenting of SFPS objectives, properties and impacts, as well as validation and verification.

This document specifies a method for the determination of total bound nitrogen (ST-TNb) in water of various origins: groundwater, surface water and wastewater, in a measuring range of concentration generally between 0,5 mg/l and 150 mg/l of ST-TNb using the small-scale sealed tube method. Different measuring ranges of small-scale sealed tube methods can be required.
The measuring ranges can vary depending on the type of small-scale sealed tube method of different manufacturers.
It is up to the user to choose the small-scale sealed tube test with the appropriate application range or to adapt samples with concentrations exceeding the measuring range of a test by preliminary dilution.
NOTE      The results of a small-scale sealed tube test are most precise in the middle of the application range of the test.
All small-scale sealed tube methods are based on a heated alkaline potassium persulfate oxidation in a heating block at 100 °C and different digestion times are applicable. Chromotropic colour reaction is applied, depending on the typical operating procedure of the small-scale sealed tube used, see Clause 9.

This document specifies requirements for the contents of a technical file to demonstrate the fulfilment of regulatory requirements for an endosseous dental implant that can include: implant body; implant abutment; abutment screw; implant connecting part; implant connecting part screw; prosthetic screw; implant cover screw; transmucosal healing component. This document also specifies requirements for intended use and performance, design attributes, components, biocompatibility, manufacturing, packaging, sterilization, shelf life, marking, labelling and information supplied by the manufacturer. This document does not apply to the following devices: dental implants incorporating animal or human components or bioactive characteristics; custom-made devices that have no pre-fabricated connection; implantable materials for bone filling and augmentation in oral and maxillofacial surgery; membrane materials for guided tissue regeneration in oral and maxillofacial surgery; specific instruments indicated to be used as part of a dental implant system. NOTE 1 ISO 22794 specifies the necessary content of technical files for implantable materials for bone filling and augmentation in oral and maxillofacial surgery. ISO 22803 specifies the necessary content of technical files for membrane materials for guided tissue regeneration in oral and maxillofacial surgery. These materials require a separate technical file. NOTE 2 ISO 13504 gives the general requirements for specific instruments indicated to be used as part of a dental implant system. These instruments require a separate technical file. NOTE 3 Custom-made devices are defined in IMDRF/PMD WG/N49 [5].

This document specifies a general-purpose document registry framework for transmitting, storing and utilizing documents in clinical and personalized health environments. It is quite broad in its applicability to realise the goal of sharing health-related documents spanning a broad spectrum of health domains such as healthcare specialities covering laboratory, cardiology, eye care, etc. and the many areas of personalized health. This document also supports shared document registration and retrieval via the federation of documents’ registries (IHE Cross-Community Access) in terms of individual users to reduce health information extrusion possibilities. This document supports the sharing of documents of any standardized content in the context of healthcare and well-being. It describes the means of locating and accessing shared documents among a diverse set of health organizations. It is designed to leverage existing health informatics for structuring and semantically rich health information, if so desired. It does not require the development of new health informatics standards.

This document explains how to act and avoid interpretations on how to measure the dimensions of EN 1335-1:2020+A1:2022 using the test methods and chair measurement device (CMD) of ISO 24496:2021.
This document provides additional information not provided in ISO 24496:2021, further clarifications and examples to make measurement of the dimensions more precise and less interpretable.

This document provides a common resource that assists with the interoperability of characteristic data between various industrial data standards, such as the ISO 13399 series, the ISO 13584 series, the ISO 15926 series, the ISO 18101 series, the ISO 22745 series, the IEC 61360 series[23] including the IEC Common Data Dictionary[30] and the IEC 62656 series.[25] This document specifies a set of resources that enable organizations to use concept dictionaries as the basis for unambiguous exchange of characteristic data. The following are within the scope of this document: fundamental principles for the exchange of characteristic data and for data dictionaries and ontologies; a conceptual model for basic entities and types; an exchange format for basic entities and types; data elements for identification of objects described by a concept dictionary, where those objects include concepts and their associated concept information elements; syntax of an identifier of objects described by a concept dictionary; rules regarding compatibility of restricted schemas with this document; a conceptual model for dictionaries of concepts and their defining terminological data; an exchange format for terminological data that can be fetched via a concept dictionary resolution service (CDRS); a conceptual model for characteristic data; an exchange format for characteristic data; a specification of a mechanism to resolve a unique concept identifier to its service provider; a specification of an identification scheme and identifier format for retrievable objects in a concept dictionary; a specification of a mechanism to retrieve the terminological data associated with a concept and other objects from the concept dictionary terminology reference model, given the identifier of the concept or object; a specification of a mechanism to search for concepts and other objects from the concept dictionary terminology reference model, using a set of search patterns and parameters; a specification of a mechanism to retrieve the ontological description of a concept, given the identifier of the concept; Web Services Definition Language (WSDL)[33] and Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)[34] binding of the specified services; a query for characteristic data of items that have a given supplier identification; a query for supplier identification of items that have a given set of characteristic data; a query for characteristic data and supplier identification of items that match a search expression; a query to supply missing characteristic data. The formats in this document provide interoperability between implementations of the ISO 13584 series and the ISO 22745 series. These formats also have more general applicability. This document serves as a generic resource that can be restricted through implementation profiles by standards that reference it. It can also be implemented without restriction. The following is outside of the scope of this document: rules specific to the ISO 13584 series or the ISO 22745 series.

This document specifies a framework for interoperability between DLT systems, between DLT and entities outside the DLT system, the relationships and interactions between these and cross-cutting aspects.