SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.577(Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM) - Coastal Survelliance, Vessel Traffic Systems and Harbour Radars (CS/VTS/HR) - Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive47.020.70Navigacijska in krmilna opremaNavigation and control equipment33.100.01Elektromagnetna združljivost na splošnoElectromagnetic compatibility in general33.060.99Druga oprema za radijske komunikacijeOther equipment for radiocommunicationsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 303 135 Version 1.1.1SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014en01-oktober-2014SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014SLOVENSKI

ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);

Coastal Surveillance, Vessel Traffic Services and Harbour Radars (CS/VTS/HR); Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements

Reference DEN/ERM-TG26-107 Keywords maritime, radar, regulation ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88

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ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights ................................................................................................................................ 5 Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................. 5 Modal verbs terminology .................................................................................................................................... 5 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 6 1 Scope ........................................................................................................................................................ 7 2 References ................................................................................................................................................ 8 2.1 Normative references ......................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 Informative references ........................................................................................................................................ 8 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations ................................................................................................... 9 3.1 Definitions .......................................................................................................................................................... 9 3.2 Symbols .............................................................................................................................................................. 9 3.3 Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................................... 10 4 Technical requirements .......................................................................................................................... 10 4.1 Environmental profile ....................................................................................................................................... 10 4.2 Conformance requirements .............................................................................................................................. 10 4.2.1 Operating frequency ................................................................................................................................... 10 4.2.1.1 Definition .............................................................................................................................................. 10 4.2.1.2 Limits .................................................................................................................................................... 10 4.2.1.3 Conformance ......................................................................................................................................... 10 4.2.2 Transmitter power ....................................................................................................................................... 11 4.2.2.1 Definition .............................................................................................................................................. 11 4.2.2.2 Limits .................................................................................................................................................... 11 4.2.2.3 Conformance ......................................................................................................................................... 11 4.2.3 Out-of-Band emissions ............................................................................................................................... 11 4.2.3.1 Definition .............................................................................................................................................. 11 4.2.3.2 Limits .................................................................................................................................................... 13 4.2.3.3 Conformance ......................................................................................................................................... 14 4.2.4 Spurious emissions ..................................................................................................................................... 14 4.2.4.1 Definition .............................................................................................................................................. 14 4.2.4.2 Limits .................................................................................................................................................... 15 4.2.4.3 Conformance ......................................................................................................................................... 15 4.3 Receiver requirements ...................................................................................................................................... 15 4.3.1 Receiver Selectivity .................................................................................................................................... 15 4.3.1.1 Definition .............................................................................................................................................. 15 4.3.1.2 Limit ...................................................................................................................................................... 15 4.3.1.3 Conformance ......................................................................................................................................... 16 5 Testing for compliance with technical requirements .............................................................................. 16 5.1 Environmental conditions for testing ............................................................................................................... 16 5.2 Interpretation of the measurement results ........................................................................................................ 16 5.3 Test conditions, power supply and ambient temperatures ................................................................................ 16 5.3.1 Standard operating mode of the radar equipment ....................................................................................... 16 5.4 Normal and extreme test conditions ................................................................................................................. 17 5.4.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................................. 17 5.4.2 Normal temperature and humidity .............................................................................................................. 17 5.4.3 Normal test power supply ........................................................................................................................... 17 5.5 Essential radio test suites .................................................................................................................................. 17 5.5.1 Operating frequency ................................................................................................................................... 17 5.5.2 Transmitter power ....................................................................................................................................... 18 5.5.3 Out-of-Band-emissions ............................................................................................................................... 18 5.5.4 Spurious emissions ..................................................................................................................................... 20 5.5.5 Receiver Selectivity .................................................................................................................................... 21 SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014

ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 4 Annex A (normative): HS Requirements and conformance Test specifications Table (HS-RTT) ................................................................................................................ 22 Annex B (normative): Transmission power and unwanted emissions of radar systems with indirect methods ............................................................................................. 24 Annex C (informative): Bibliography ................................................................................................... 25 History .............................................................................................................................................................. 26

ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 5 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http://ipr.etsi.org). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Harmonized European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM). The present document has been produced by ETSI in response to mandate M/284 issued from the European Commission under Directive 98/34/EC [i.6] as amended by Directive 98/48/EC [i.8]. The title and reference to the present document are intended to be included in the publication in the Official Journal of the European Union of titles and references of Harmonized Standard under the Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1]. See article 5.1 of Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] for information on presumption of conformity and Harmonised Standards or parts thereof the references of which have been published in the Official Journal of the European Union. The requirements relevant to Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] are summarized in annex A.

National transposition dates Date of adoption of this EN: 1 September 2014 Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 31 December 2014 Date of latest publication of new National Standard or endorsement of this EN (dop/e):

30 June 2015 Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 30 June 2016

Modal verbs terminology In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "may not", "need", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions). "must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation. SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014

ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 6 Introduction The present document intends to present a harmonized way of proving compliance to the essential requirements of the R&TTE directive for important types of radar like Coastal Surveillance (CS), Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) and possibly harbour radars. The emission limits implemented arise from ECC/Recommendation (02)05 (2012) [i.3] and ERC/Recommendation 74-01 (2011) [i.4]. The test methods used arise from Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (2011) [2] and Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-5 [1]. NOTE: The present document is closely related to EN 303 213-6-1 [i.11] which covers essential requirements for radars used in airport SMGCS systems, but which use largely the same type of radar technology. The present document is part of a set of standards developed by ETSI and is designed to fit in a modular structure to cover all radio and telecommunications terminal equipment within the scope of the R&TTE Directive [i.1]. The modular structure is shown in EG 201 399 [i.7]. SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014

ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 7 1 Scope The present document applies to X-band radar sensors intended for use in Vessel Traffic Services (VTS), Coastal Surveillance (CS) or Harbour Radar Systems with the following characteristics: • Utilizing modulated or unmodulated pulses. • Transmitter Peak Envelope Power up to 100 kW. • The transceiver-antenna connection is using a hollow metallic rectangular waveguide. • The antenna is rotating, waveguide- based and passive.

• At the transceiver output an RF-circulator is used. NOTE 1: Since transceiver and antenna are hollow metallic rectangular waveguide based, the frequency range for measurements that needs to be addressed covers 6,56 GHz to 26 GHz. The lower limit of this frequency range is obtained as cut-off frequency of the combination of WR112/R84 taper section and a WR90/R100 Waveguide as defined by IEC 60153-2 [i.2]. The upper limit corresponds to the upper limit stated in ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [i.4]. Other types of waveguide may be used by the same principles to obtain complete measurement coverage of the frequency range of the output flange of the equipment under test. NOTE 2: Since at the transceiver output an RF circulator is used, it is assumed that the transceiver characteristics remain independent from the antenna. NOTE 3: According to Article 5 of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.5] there are a number of bands between 8,5 GHz and 10 GHz that are allocated to Radiolocation service. There are national deviations to the detailed band usages, but the basic spectrum usage regulation is the same.

Table 1: Radiolocation service frequency bands [GHz] 8 500 - 8 550 8 550 - 8 650 8 650 - 8 750 8 750 - 8 850 8 850 - 9 000 9 000 - 9 200 9 200 - 9 300 9 300 - 9 500 9 500 - 9 800 9 800 - 9 900 9 900 - 10 000

The present document is intended to cover the provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC [i.1] (R&TTE Directive), article 3.2, which states that "… radio equipment shall be so constructed that it effectively uses the spectrum allocated to terrestrial/space radio communications and orbital resources so as to avoid harmful interference". In addition to the present document, other ENs that specify technical requirements in respect of essential requirements under other parts of Article 3 of the R&TTE Directive [i.1] may apply to equipment within the scope of the present document. NOTE 4: A list of such ENs is included on the web site http://www.newapproach.org. SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014

ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 8 2 References References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the reference document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. 2.1 Normative references The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document. [1] Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-5 (08-2013): "Unwanted emissions in the out-of-band domain". [2] Recommendation ITU-R M.1177-4 (04-2011): "Techniques for measurement of unwanted emissions of radar systems". 2.2 Informative references The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area.

[i.1] Directive 1999/5/EC of The European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of their conformity (R&TTE Directive). [i.2] IEC 60153-2 (Edition 2.0, 1974): "Hollow metallic waveguides. Part 2: Relevant specifications for ordinary rectangular waveguides". [i.3] ECC/Recommendation (02)05 (2012): "Unwanted emissions". [i.4] ERC/Recommendation 74-01 (2011): "Unwanted emissions in the spurious domain". [i.5] ITU Radio Regulations 2012. [i.6] Directive 98/34/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations and of rules on information society services. [i.7] ETSI EG 201 399: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); A guide to the production of Harmonized Standards for application under the R&TTE Directive". [i.8] Directive 98/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 July 1998 amending Directive 98/34/EC laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations. [i.9] ETSI TR 100 028 (all parts) (V1.4.1) (12-2001): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics". [i.10] ETSI TR 100 028-2 (V1.4.1) (12-2001): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics; Part 2". [i.11] ETSI EN 303 213-6-1: "Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (A-SMGCS); Part 6: Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive for deployed surface movement radar sensors; Sub-part 1: X-band sensors using pulsed signals and transmitting power up to 100 kW". SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014

ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 9 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: necessary bandwidth: width of the frequency band which is just sufficient to ensure the transmission of information at the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions NOTE: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.152 [i.5] and it applies to a given class of emission. occupied bandwidth: width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper frequency limits, the mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage β/2 of the total mean power of a given emission NOTE 1: Unless otherwise specified in a Recommendation ITU-R for the appropriate class of emission, the value of β/2 should be taken as 0,5 %. NOTE 2: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.153 [i.5]. peak envelope power: average power supplied to the antenna transmission line by a transmitter during one radio frequency cycle at the crest of the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions NOTE: This definition is taken from ITU Radio Regulation No. 1.157 [i.5]. pulse duration: time between the 50 % amplitude (voltage) points

pulse rise time: time taken for the leading edge of the pulse to increase from 10 % to 90 % of the maximum amplitude (voltage) 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: B-40 -40 dB bandwidth BC Chirp bandwidth BN Necessary bandwidth Bres 3 dB resolution bandwidth of transceiver dBpp dB with respect to peak power Dno spur Detectability Factor (function of PD & Pfa)

Boltzmann's constant NFsys Noise Figure of the system PD Probability of detection

Temperature in Kelvin TC Chirp length in seconds λ Wavelength SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014

ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 10 3.3 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AC Alternating Current CS Coastal Surveillance FM Frequency Modulation HR Harbor Radar LNA Low Noise Amplifier OoB Out-of-Band PEP Peak Envelope Power R&TTE Radio and Telecommunication Terminal Equipment RF Radio Frequency SMGCS Surface Movement Guidance and Control System VTS Vessel Traffic Services 4 Technical requirements 4.1 Environmental profile The technical requirements of the present document apply under the environmental profile for operation of the equipment, which shall be stated by the manufacturer. The equipment shall comply in any of the operating modes with all the technical requirements of the present document at all times when operating within the boundary limits of the stated operational environmental profile. 4.2 Conformance requirements 4.2.1 Operating frequency 4.2.1.1 Definition The transmitter of a pulsed radar produces microwave pulses, which cause a broad frequency spectrum, depending on the pulse duration.

The operating frequency is to be understood as the frequency of the microwave emission during the transmitting pulse and is represented by the spectral line of highest amplitude.

NOTE: It is only practicable to indicate an operating frequency for radars with unmodulated pulses. In this case a limit for the frequency tolerance is specified. For radars with modulated pulses such a limit is not applicable. In any case the occupied bandwidth is completely contained in the allocated frequency band(s). 4.2.1.2 Limits The limit for the frequency tolerance applying to unmodulated pulses is ±30 MHz. For all radar types covered by the present document the occupied bandwidth of the signal shall be contained completely within the allocated band in use (e.g. 9 200 MHz to 9 500 MHz) in all operating modes. 4.2.1.3 Conformance Conformance tests as defined in clause 5.3.1 shall be carried out. SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014

ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 11 4.2.2 Transmitter power 4.2.2.1 Definition The transmitter power shall be referenced with respect to the output port of the radar transmitter. The transmitter power of a pulse radar is understood to be the peak pulse envelope (PEP see ITU Radio Regulation 1.157 [i.5]) power during the transmitted pulse.

If the transmitter power can be varied according to azimuth, the highest PEP value measured during a period equal to at least one rotation period shall be used. 4.2.2.2 Limits The transmitter power shall be as specified by the manufacturer with an accuracy of at least ±2 dB under normal operating conditions. The peak power value shall not exceed 100 kW (50 dBW). 4.2.2.3 Conformance Conformance tests as defined in clause 5.5.2 shall be carried out. 4.2.3 Out-of-Band emissions 4.2.3.1 Definition An important parameter of the Out-of-Band (OoB) emissions mask of the radar is the -40 dB bandwidth. Annex 8 of Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-5 [1] specifies the -40 dB bandwidth specified for various types of waveforms (e.g. pulsed radar signals). With the following assumptions which apply to most VTS/CS/HR radars these specifications can be further simplified: • the radar is operating in a band within the limits 8 500 MHz to 10 000 MHz; • the pulse power is below 100 kW; • the pulse rise time tr is greater than 0,0094·t, where t is the pulse duration. With the aforementioned assumptions the -40 dB bandwidth (B-40) for primary non-FM pulse radars can be determined as follows: rttB×=−6.740 Where: t is the pulse duration tr is the rise time in the case of a trapezoidal pulse NOTE: For typical values of a pulse duration of t = 50 ns and a rise time of tr = 10 ns the formula above yields a -40 dB bandwidth value of 340 MHz.

For radars with multiple pulse waveforms, the B-40 bandwidth should be calculated for each individual pulse type and the maximum B-40 bandwidth obtained shall be used to establish the shape of the emission mask. For radars with a highly asymmetrical spectrum, the B-40 dB bandwidth can be offset from the frequency of maximum emission level, but the necessary bandwidth, BN and preferably the overall occupied bandwidth should be contained completely within the allocated band as stipulated in section 4 of Annex 8 of Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-5 [1]. SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014

ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 12 The application of this rule is illustrated in figure 1.

Figure 1: Application of the offset-rule for the Out-of-Band emission limit mask For FM pulsed radars the B-40 can be calculated as follows: ()[]()()[]{}3&&&53.040111,,,,ln5.1fffallriseffallrriseSfallrisefallrisefallrisefallriseCCttBtBtBwhereBBBBMaxBBBMinBBB⋅⋅=⋅=⋅=++⋅⋅⋅+⋅=−ττττπ Where: B-40 is the -40 dB bandwidth in Hz BC is the bandwidth of the frequency deviation (total frequency shift during the pulse generation) BS is the maximum range over which the carrier frequency will be shifted, BS equals zero for non-frequency hopping cases. It is zero in case of a single carrier frequency τ is the pulse length including rise & fall times tr is the risetime in seconds tf

is the falltime in seconds BC is the chirp bandwidth in Hz BS is the maximum range over which the carrier frequency is shifted SIST EN 303 135 V1.1.1:2014

ETSI ETSI EN 303 135 V1.1.1 (2014-09) 13 For systems with multiple carriers, the OoB domain should start at the edges of the total assigned bandwidth. This means that the effective B-40 is from the lower end of the calculated B-40 of the lowest radar frequency to the high end of the B-40 for the highest radar frequency. In general the OoB domain shall be determined according to Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541-5 [1], but the examples above are valid for the most commonly used modulation types. 4.2.3.2 Limits The Out-of-Band emission limits and the spurious emission limits are defined based on the -40 dB bandwidth. The maximum radiated Out-of-Band emission power level shall not exceed the limits stated in table 2 and the corresponding mask depicted in figure 2. The roll-off of the OoB-mask beyond the -40 dB bandwidth, B-40 in relation to B-40 is specified as follows: • The mask has a roll-off at 30 dB/dec from the calculated (identified) B-40 bandwidth to a level of -60 dBpp. The mask then continues to roll-off at 60 dB/dec to a spurious emission limit level of -100 dBpp. NOTE 1: This mask corresponds to the limit specification in Annex 2 of i.e. the dashed line in figure A2.1c of ECC/Recommendation (02)05 [i.3]. • If an absolute limit of -30 dBm can be more easily achieved this limit applies in lieu of -100 dBpp. NOTE 2: ERC/Recommendation 74-01 [i.4] stip