SIST EN 302 245-1 V1.1.1:2006

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 302 245-1 V1.1.1:2006
01-marec-2006
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equipment for the Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) broadcasting service Part 1: Technical

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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Intellectual Property Rights................................................................................................................................5

Foreword.............................................................................................................................................................5

Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................5

1 Scope........................................................................................................................................................6

2 References................................................................................................................................................6

3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations ...................................................................................................6

3.1 Definitions..........................................................................................................................................................6

3.2 Symbols..............................................................................................................................................................8

3.3 Abbreviations.....................................................................................................................................................8

4 Technical requirements specifications.....................................................................................................8

4.1 Environmental profile.........................................................................................................................................8

4.2 Transmitter output characteristics ......................................................................................................................9

4.2.1 Rated output power.......................................................................................................................................9

4.2.1.1 Definition................................................................................................................................................9

4.2.1.2 Method of measurement..........................................................................................................................9

4.2.1.2.1 Initial conditions................................................................................................................................9

4.2.1.2.2 Procedure...........................................................................................................................................9

4.2.1.2.3 Test requirements..............................................................................................................................9

4.2.1.3 Limit........................................................................................................................................................9

4.2.2 Frequency stability........................................................................................................................................9

4.2.2.1 Definition................................................................................................................................................9

4.2.2.2 Method of measurement........................................................................................................................10

4.2.2.2.1 Initial conditions..............................................................................................................................10

4.2.2.2.2 Procedure.........................................................................................................................................10

4.2.2.2.3 Test requirements............................................................................................................................10

4.2.2.3 Limit......................................................................................................................................................10

4.3 Digital signal processing..................................................................................................................................10

4.3.1 Modulation Error Ratio (MER) ..................................................................................................................10

4.3.1.1 Definition..............................................................................................................................................10

4.3.1.2 Method of measurement........................................................................................................................11

4.3.1.3 Limit......................................................................................................................................................11

4.4 Antenna port measurements.............................................................................................................................11

4.4.1 Spurious emissions.....................................................................................................................................11

4.4.1.1 Definition..............................................................................................................................................11

4.4.1.2 Method of measurement (essential test suite) .......................................................................................11

4.4.1.2.1 Initial conditions..............................................................................................................................11

4.4.1.2.2 Procedure.........................................................................................................................................12

4.4.1.2.3 Test requirements............................................................................................................................12

4.4.1.3 Limit......................................................................................................................................................12

4.4.2 Transmitter muting during frequency shift .................................................................................................13

4.4.2.1 Definition..............................................................................................................................................13

4.4.2.2 Method of measurement (essential test suite) .......................................................................................13

4.4.2.2.1 Initial conditions..............................................................................................................................13

4.4.2.2.2 Procedure.........................................................................................................................................14

4.4.2.2.3 Test requirements............................................................................................................................14

4.4.2.3 Limit......................................................................................................................................................14

4.4.3 Out-of-band emissions................................................................................................................................14

4.4.3.1 Definition..............................................................................................................................................14

4.4.3.2 Method of measurement (essential test suite) .......................................................................................14

4.4.3.2.1 Initial conditions..............................................................................................................................14

4.4.3.2.2 Procedure.........................................................................................................................................14

4.4.3.2.3 Test requirements............................................................................................................................14

4.4.3.3 Limit......................................................................................................................................................14

4.5 Enclosure port measurements (radiated emissions)..........................................................................................16

4.5.1 Cabinet radiation.........................................................................................................................................16

4.5.1.1 Definition..............................................................................................................................................16

4.5.1.2 Method of measurement (essential test suite) .......................................................................................16

4.5.1.2.1 Initial conditions..............................................................................................................................16

4.5.1.2.2 Procedure.........................................................................................................................................17

4.5.1.2.3 Test requirements............................................................................................................................17

4.5.1.3 Limits....................................................................................................................................................17

4.6 Measurement uncertainties...............................................................................................................................18

Annex A (normative): Typical measuring arrangements.................................................................19

A.1 Testing arrangements for antenna port (and MER) measurements ........................................................19

A.1.1 Testing arrangement.........................................................................................................................................19

A.1.2 Test frequency range (antenna port measurements) .........................................................................................20

A.1.3 Test modulating signal .....................................................................................................................................20

Annex B (normative): Test load characteristics................................................................................21

Annex C (informative): Bibliography...................................................................................................22

History ..............................................................................................................................................................23

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pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found

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This European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee

The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering the Transmitting equipment for the Digital Radio

The present document covers a set of non mandatory technical parameters that are considered to be the minimum

Transmitting equipment for the Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) sound broadcasting service operating in the LF, MF and

The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present

• References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or

Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at

[1] ETSI EN 302 245-2: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);

Transmitting equipment for the Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) broadcasting service;

[2] ETSI EN 301 489-11: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);

Part 11: Specific conditions for terrestrial sound broadcasting service transmitters".

[3] CENELEC EN 55022: "Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance characteristics of

[4] CENELEC EN 55011: "Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio-frequency equipment -

[5] ETSI TR 100 028 series: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);

For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:

amplitude imbalance: error caused by different amplification of the I and Q signals

antenna port: port of an apparatus which is designed, in normal operation, to be connected to an antenna using coaxial

broadcasting service: radiocommunication service in which the transmissions are intended for direct reception by the

NOTE: This service may include sound transmissions, television transmissions or other types of transmission.

cabinet radiation: radiation from an enclosure containing, equipment, excluding radiation from connected antennas or

channel bandwidth: frequency band of defined width (as a multiple of the carrier grid) including safety margin for

operation on adjacent channels, located symmetrically around a carrier frequency in the carrier grid

class of emission: set of characteristics of an emission, designated by standard symbols

NOTE: Type of modulation of the main carrier, modulating signal, type of information to be transmitted, and

NOTE: In the cases which do not have a carrier, for example in some digital modulation schemes where the

carrier is not accessible for measurement, the reference level equivalent to dBc is decibels relative to the

enclosure port: physical boundary of the apparatus through which electromagnetic fields may radiate or impinge

NOTE: In the case of integral antenna equipment, this port is inseparable from the antenna port.

environmental profile: range of environmental conditions under which equipment within the scope of EN 302 245-1 is

harmonic: component of order greater than 1 of the Fourier series of a periodic quantity

harmonic number: integral number given by the ratio of the frequency of a harmonic to the fundamental frequency

intermodulation products: unwanted frequencies resulting from intermodulation between carriers or harmonics of

mean power: average power supplied to the antenna port by a transmitter during an interval of time sufficiently long

compared with the lowest frequency encountered in the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions

multiplex: stream of all the digital data carrying one or more services within a single physical channel

necessary bandwidth: for a given class of emission, the width of the frequency band which is sufficient to ensure the

transmission of information at the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions

out-of-band emissions: emission on a frequency or frequencies immediately outside the necessary bandwidth which

RMS power: apparent power of an AC power that is calculated by multiplying root-mean-square (rms) current by the

NOTE 1: In a purely resistive circuit this is held to be the equivalent heating effect of a DC power and can be

deemed to be true power. In a circuit that consists of reactance as well as resistance the apparent power is

greater than the true power (the vector difference between true power and apparent power is called

Where Δ cos Ø is the phase difference between voltage and current introduced by the reactance of the load.

NOTE 2: From the above definition it becomes clear that unless any measuring system can be completely devoid of

reactance then the measured power cannot be considered to be RMS power. It therefore becomes apparent

that this parameter would be difficult to measure with any degree of accuracy at RF frequencies.

spurious emissions: emission on a frequency or frequencies which are outside the necessary bandwidth and the level of

which may be reduced without affecting the corresponding transmission of information

NOTE: Spurious emissions include harmonic emissions, parasitic emissions, intermodulation products and

The environmental profile for operation of the equipment shall be declared by the supplier. The equipment shall comply

with all the technical requirements of the present document at all times when operating within the boundary limits of the

The rated output power is the mean power that the transmitter shall deliver at its antenna port under the manufacturers

NOTE: It is, however, recommended that this parameter is not quoted as RMS power.

2) connect the EUT to the test load, via the coupling device or via the attenuator;

The power of the signal of a DRM transmitter is defined as the long-term average of the time-varying short-term signal

power. An appropriate instrument for low power DRM transmitters is a thermal power meter; for high power DRM

The results obtained shall be compared to the limits in clause 4.2.1.3 in order to demonstrate compliance.

The mean output power shall be within ±10 % of the rated output power under normal operating conditions as defined

The frequency stability of an emission is the variation of frequency against a predetermined time scale.

2) connect the EUT to the test load, via the coupling device or via the attenuator;

NOTE: Alternatively the transmitter local oscillator may be measured in order to calculate the frequency stability

The characteristic frequency may be measured with any suitable measuring device, provided that the accuracy attained

during the measurement is better than approximately 10 % of the frequency tolerance of the frequency stability

For a tight frequency tolerance or a high degree of frequency stability, the measuring accuracy stated above puts higher

Other methods of great precision use a standard reference frequency, the frequency of which is known with high

accuracy. With such methods, the reception of a standard frequency transmission may be used to advantage. When the

frequency is to be measured as a function of time, measurements shall be made at intervals, which are short enough to

In this case, the measurements shall preferably be made with a recording instrument.

The accuracy of the measuring method shall be stated with the results of the measurements.

The conditions of operation shall also be given together with the assigned frequency of the emission which has been

The results obtained shall be compared to the limits in clause 4.2.2.3 in order to demonstrate compliance.

For a period of not less than ninety days, the frequency of the transmitter shall stay within the tolerance of ±10 Hz.

MER is a single parameter to measure the quality of the transmitted signal. It is defined as the sum of the squares of the

magnitudes of the ideal symbol vectors divided by the sum of the squares of the magnitudes of the symbol error vectors.

The carrier frequency of the OFDM signal and the symbol timing are recovered by the receiver. In the received signal

Origin Offset (e.g. caused by residual carrier or DC offset in the mixers), Quadrature Error (e.g. caused by phase shift

between the I and Q signal) and Amplitude Imbalance (e.g. caused by different amplification of I and Q) are not

For each received symbol, a decision is made as to which symbol was transmitted. The error vector is defined as the