FprEN 17230

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Informationstechnik - RFID in EisenbahnanwendungenInformation technology - RFID in rail35.240.60Uporabniške rešitve IT v prometuIT applications in transport35.040.50Tehnike za samodejno razpoznavanje in zajem podatkovAutomatic identification and data capture techniques03.220.30Železniški transportTransport by railICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:prEN 17230oSIST prEN 17230:2018en,fr,de01-april-2018oSIST prEN 17230:2018SLOVENSKI

Informationstechnik æ RFID in EisenbahnanwendungenThis draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiryä It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee

If this draft becomes a European Standardá CEN members are bounwhich stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three ofer language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä

Recipients of this draft are invited to submitá with their commentsá notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentationä

Warning ã This document is not a European Standardä It is distributed for review and commentsä It is subject to change without notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standardä

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

t r s z CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä prEN

prEN 17230:2018 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 4 1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................... 5 2 Normative references .................................................................................................................... 5 3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................... 5 4 Symbols and abbreviations ......................................................................................................... 8 5 Concept ............................................................................................................................................... 8 6 RFID tag location ............................................................................................................................. 8 6.1 General ................................................................................................................................................ 8 6.2 Height of the tag in relation to the railhead .......................................................................... 9 6.3 Horizontal tag location .................................................................................................................. 9 6.4 Defining the orientation of the vehicle ................................................................................. 10 6.4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 10 6.4.2 Flowchart for defining the vehicle end/side naming ...................................................... 10 6.4.3 Vehicle with existing end / side markings according to EN 13775 ............................ 11 6.4.4 Vehicle with existing end/side markings other than EN 13775 or without any existing end/side markings ...................................................................................................... 12 7 Data on the tag ............................................................................................................................... 14 7.1 General ............................................................................................................................................. 14 7.2 GS1 data structure ....................................................................................................................... 14 7.2.1 General ............................................................................................................................................. 14 7.2.2 Example tag numbering in the GS1 scheme ........................................................................ 16 7.3 Data structure with ASC Data Identifiers ............................................................................. 18 7.3.1 General ............................................................................................................................................. 18 7.3.2 Application Family Identifier (AFI) ....................................................................................... 18 7.3.3 Unique Item Identifier (UII) content ..................................................................................... 18 7.3.4 Example with data structure using ASC Data Identifiers ............................................... 19 7.4 Data protection on the TAG ...................................................................................................... 22 7.5 Data integrity between the tag content and the NVR ...................................................... 22 7.6 Data authentication ..................................................................................................................... 22 8 Tag characteristics ....................................................................................................................... 22 8.1 Mounting the RFID tag on the rolling stock ........................................................................ 22 8.2 Tag performance requirements .............................................................................................. 22 8.3 Tag lifetime ..................................................................................................................................... 23 9 Reader requirements .................................................................................................................. 23 Annex A

Trackside implementation examples - two axle counters ........... 25 Annex B (informative)

Trackside implementation examples - one axle counter .............. 26 Annex C - (informative)

Examples of use cases .............................................................................. 27 Annex D (informative)

Padding Rules ............................................................................................... 29 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................. 30 oSIST prEN 17230:2018

prEN 17230:2018 (E) 3 European foreword This document has been prepared by Technical Committee 225 CEN/TC225 “AIDC Technologies”, the secretariat of which is held by TSE. This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry. oSIST prEN 17230:2018

prEN 17230:2018 (E) 4 Introduction The aim of this standard is to describe the implementation of the European Vehicle Number (EVN) of the railway rolling stock in an electronic format via the ISO/IEC 18000-63 UHF Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology in order to enable a consistent approach for an interoperable implementation. Furthermore, the authors of this standard recognize that there exists today rolling stock which uses other numbering schemes than the EVN, for example in the Baltic states. Some of these cases are addressed in this standard for informative purposes. oSIST prEN 17230:2018

prEN 17230:2018 (E) 5 1 Scope The RFID tag location, tag data content and functional requirements have been developed for application on the main line railway networks. Other networks (such as metro) may apply this standard but are outside of its scope. This document contains: — a description of the RFID tag installation location; — a description of the RFID tag data content; — a description of the functional requirements in relation to the RFID tag track side reading performance. 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13775 (all parts), Railway applications - Measuring of new and modified freight wagons EN 50125-3:2003, Railway applications - Environmental conditions for equipment - Part 3: Equipment for signalling and telecommunications EN ISO/IEC 19762 (all parts), Information technology - Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques - Harmonized vocabulary - Part 1: General terms relating to AIDC (ISO/IEC 19762-1) ISO/IEC 15459 (all parts), Information technology — Automatic identification and data capture techniques — Unique identification ISO/IEC 18000-63, Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management — Part 63: Parameters for air interface communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz Type C ETSI EN 302 208, Radio Frequency Identification Equipment operating in the band 865 MHz to 868 MHz with power levels up to 2 W and in the band 915 MHz to 921 MHz with power levels up to 4 W 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 19762 and the following apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp oSIST prEN 17230:2018

prEN 17230:2018 (E) 6 3.1 vehicle railway vehicle suitable for circulation on wheels on railway lines, with or without traction; composed of one or more structural and functional subsystems; carrying its own EVN 3.2 unit generic term used to name the rolling stock which is subject to the application of this standard; which may be composed of several vehicles 3.3 train operational formation consisting of one or more units 3.4 fixed formation train formation that can only be reconfigured within a workshop environment 3.5 trainset fixed formation that can operate as a train; not intended to be reconfigured, except within a workshop environment; composed of only motored or of motored and non-motored vehicles 3.6 network lines, stations, terminals, and all kinds of fixed equipment needed to ensure safe and continuous operation of the Union rail system 3.7 keeper natural or legal person that, being the owner of a vehicle or having the right to use it, exploits the vehicle as a means of transport and is registered as such in a vehicle register Note 1 to entry: A vehicule register is referred to in Article 47 of the Directive (EU) 2016/797. 3.8 ECM entity in charge of maintenance Note 1 to entry: Entity in charge of maintenance is also defined in point (20) of Article 3 of Directive (EU) 2016/798. 3.9 infrastructure manager rail infrastructure manager Note 1 to entry: infrastructure manager is also defined in point (2) of Article 3 of Directive 2012/34/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council. oSIST prEN 17230:2018

prEN 17230:2018 (E) 7 3.10 railway undertaking public or private undertaking, the activity of which is to provide transport of goods and/or passengers by rail on the basis that the undertaking is to ensure traction; also including undertakings which provide traction only Note 1 to entry: Railway undertaking is also defined in point (1) of Article 3 of Directive 2012/34/EU. 3.11 vehicle end any longitudinal position between the centre of the vehicle and the end of the vehicle 3.12 vehicle side horizontal position between the centre of the vehicle and the side of the vehicle 3.13 running gear wheelsets, bogies and associated suspension components 3.14 articulated vehicle with a shared running gear system of articulation where each vehicle has its own secondary suspension but shares the running gear with an adjacent vehicle (often referred to as Jacobs bogie) Note 1 to entry: Typically, each car body is supported at 4 points. Trains made up of vehicles of this type are a particular type of fixed formation train. 3.15 European vehicle number EVN unique 12-digit vehicle identification number, which is assigned to each rail vehicle on the European Community Rail Network Note 1 to entry: The European vehicle number can be defined according to Article 32 of EU Directive 2008/57 EC. 3.16 8-digit Russian vehicle number unique 8-digit vehicle identification number, which is assigned to each rail vehicle on the Rail Network of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) according to [The Permanent Working Group for the Railway Administrative Offices Information Exchange at the Railway Transport IT Specialists Committee & The Directorate for the Railway Transport Council of the Member States of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS): S ZhA 8001 16, Minutes of 2016 – Reference Guide 8-Digit Numbering System for 1,520 mm Track Gauge for Passenger Railway Vehicles. 2016] and [The Railway Transport IT Specialists Committee: -Minutes No. 32 dated 29th April 2005 – Reference Guide 8-Digit Numbering System for 1,520 mm Track Gauge for Freight Railway Vehicles. 2005] oSIST prEN 17230:2018

prEN 17230:2018 (E) 8 4 Symbols and abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AC Alternating Current AFI Application Family Identifier ASC Accredited Standards Committee CSM Common Safety Method ECM Entity in Charge of Maintenance EMC Electro Magnetic Compatibility EPC Electronic Product Code EUAR European Union Agency for Railways ECVVR European Centralized Virtual Vehicle Register EVN European Vehicle Number GIAI Global Individual Asset Identifier MH10 Material Handling committee 10 NVR National Vehicle Register RFID Radio Frequency Identification TSI Technical Specification for Interoperability UHF Ultra High Frequency UII Unique Item Identifier 5 Concept The concept is to identify rolling stock automatically based on UHF RFID tags. The main focus of this standard is to clarify applications using fixed track side readers. Each RFID tag contains a globally unique asset reference encoded according to the chapter 7. This standard aims to achieve global uniqueness and interoperability. RFID tag content used in rolling stock identification shall not overlap with any other globally unique identifier coded into RFID tags. 6 RFID tag location 6.1 General Each vehicle shall be tagged with two UHF-RFID-tags according to ISO/IEC 18000-63. oSIST prEN 17230:2018

prEN 17230:2018 (E) 9 While all other encoded information on the two tags per vehicle is 100 % identical, the content of the two tags differ only by an encoded end/side information. On one tag per vehicle the encoded end/side information is “1”, on the other one the encoded end/side information is “2”. For further details see chapter 7. The RFID tag location is to be implemented as in the chapters 6.2 and 6.3. If this is not possible, the implementation should be done into a location closest to the area fulfilling the functional requirements set in this standard. The physical interactions between the reader and the tag, the protocols and the commands, and the collision arbitration schemes, shall conform to ISO/IEC 18000-63. Chapter 6.4 explains how to use/relate the end/side information on the tag in order to create a correlation between them and the already existing physical agreed end/side markings of the vehicle. 6.2 Height of the tag in relation to the railhead

Figure 1 — Allowed range of vertical tag positions In Figure 1 above, A1 and A2 are respectively the minimum and maximum height above rail for positioning the centres of the tags in all conditions of wagon loading and suspension movement1: A1 = 500 mm A2 = 1300 mm for vehicles with maximum speed > 100 km/h, 1800 mm for vehicles with maximum speed <

= 100km/h. If the installation is done outside the range A1 - A2, the trackside reading performance as in the paragraph 8.2 Tag performance requirements cannot be guaranteed. 6.3 Horizontal tag location Regarding the horizontal range of allowed tag positions for vehicle ends which can be leading on the main line, the tag has to be installed in relation to the horizontal axis in the area B1 in Figure 2. For vehicles without bogies (for example two axle wagons) which could be the leading vehicle on the mainline, the RFID tag has to be installed at least 0,6 m behind the first axle towards the centre of the vehicle.2

1 Informative note: When planning reader installations, it is recommended to take in account that there might be existing vehicle implementations outside this range. 2 When planning reader installations, please take in account that there might be older vehicle implementations outside this range. oSIST prEN 17230:2018

prEN 17230:2018 (E) 10 The horizontal range of allowed tag positions for vehicle ends which cannot be leading on the main line, is limited from the left vehicle end to the vehicle centre axis (see area B2 in Figure 2). Remark: The limitation of horizontal tag positions for vehicle ends which can be leading on the main line is meant to allow reader layouts with one reader and one axle counter for tracks with alternating direction of traffic (see Annex B).

Figure 2 — Allowed range of vertical tag positions 6.4 Defining the orientation of the vehicle 6.4.1 Introduction The chapter 6.4 is only mandatory for vehicles constructed according to EN 13775. For all others, it only provides a recommendation on how to use the end/side indications on the tag in order to create a correlation between them and the physical characteristics of the vehicle. On those vehicles, the end/side indicator of the tag should be correlated to the first possible element of the following hierarchy of vehicle characteristics (see chapter 6.4.4): 1. Possibly existing vehicle end markings; 2. Possibly existing vehicle side markings; 3. Possibly existing axle numbering schemes. 6.4.2 Flowchart for defining the vehicle end/side naming The implementer shall work through the sections below in the order given until one is found which matches the particular vehicle under consideration (see Figure 4). oSIST prEN 17230:2018

Figure 3 — Procedure to define end / side information in the tags 6.4.3 Vehicle with existing end / side markings according to EN 13775 Each vehicle constructed according to EN 13775 has a constructional end 1, an end 2 a left side and a right side along Figure 4. The end/side information is either physically marked on the vehicle or at least apparent from the dedicated constructional drawings. On those vehicles, the tag with the end/side information “1” shall be mounted on the left vehicle side towards vehicle end 1, the tag with the end/side information “2” on the right vehicle side towards vehicle end 2, respectively (Figure 4). For details, concerning vertical and horizontal tag position, see chapters 6.2 and 6.3. oSIST prEN 17230:2018

Figure 4 — Vehicle end/side indication according to EN 13775 with correlation of tag information3 6.4.4 Vehicle with existing end/side markings other than EN 13775 or without any existing end/side markings 6.4.4.1 Vehicles with existing end markings A/B or 1/2 On vehicles for which end markings A/B or 1/2 already exist, the tag with the end/side information “1” is recommended to be mounted towards end A or 1, and the tag with the end/side information “2” towards end B or 2, respectively (Figure 5). For details, concerning vertical and horizontal tag position, see chapters 6.2 and 6.3.

3 tag position in picture only shown characteristically; for details see chapters 6.2 and 6.3 oSIST prEN 17230:2018

Figure 5 — Vehicle with end marking A/B and recommended correlation of tag information3 6.4.4.2 Vehicles with existing side marking A/B On vehicles for which side markings A/B already exist, the tag with the end/side information “2” is recommend be mounted on side A, the tag with the end/side information “1” on side B, respectively (Figure 6); see also GS1 Guideline AutoID in Rail. For details, concerning vertical and horizontal tag position, see chapters 6.2 and 6.3.

Figure 6 — Vehicle with side marking A/B and recommended correlation of tag information3 oSIST prEN 17230:2018

prEN 17230:2018 (E) 14 6.4.4.3 Vehicles with any other or without existing end/side markings On vehicles for which any other end/side markings already exist or without any existing end/side markings, the entity mounting the tags may freely define which tag to mount towards which physical vehicle end, respectively (Figure 7). If no meaningful correlation to existing end or side markings can be created, whenever possible, the tag with the end/side indicator 1 should be mounted closest to the axle of the lowest number, which is in most cases 1. For details, concerning vertical and horizontal tag position, see chapters 6.2 and 6.3.

Figure 7 — Vehicle with any other or without existing end/side and correlation of tag information 7 Data on the tag 7.1 General The RFID tag holds a globally unique identification with an asset reference based on the European Vehicle Number and a side/end indicator. Data length and data structure are defined by the content of StoredPC as described in ISO/IEC 18000-63. The number of 16 bit words is stored in the length field, bits 10h to 14h. The range of the length is 0 to 31 words i.e. 0 to 496 bits. The toggle bit 17h specifies the data structure. If bit 17h is 0 then the application is referred to as GS1 data structure. If bit 17h is 1 then the application is referred to as ASC data structure. 7.2 GS1 data structure 7.2.1 General An EPC/RFID tag’s EPC memory bank (MB 01) includes an Electronic Product Code (EPC), which is a globally unique identifier for the physical object to which the tag is attached, as well as control information, which not part of the EPC but used by RFID data capture applications to guide the data capture process. oSIST prEN 17230:2018

prEN 17230:2018 (E) 15 The general structure of an EPC Binary Encoding as used on an RFID tag is as a string of bits (i.e. a binary representation), consisting of a fixed length header followed by a series of fields whose overall length, structure, and function are determined by the header value. When using GS1 identification, implementations of RFID for the identification of rolling stock shall use the GS1 Global Individual Asset Identifier (GIAI) in its 96-bit variant (GIAI-96). The GIAI-96 comprises:

Filter (3 bits) – 001 indicating “Rail Vehicle”, to improve tag read efficiency by targeting only the subset of tags that refer to rolling stock

Partition (3 bits) – code that indicates the number of bits in the GS1 Company Prefix field and the Individual Asset Reference field

GS1 Company Prefix or “GCP” (20-40 bits) – assigned by GS1 (an issuing agency under ISO 15459) to a managing entity (e.g. vehicle owners, transport agencies, infrastructure managers, etc.) as the basis to create any of the GS1 Identification Keys to identify their business objects

Individual Asset Reference (42-62 bits) – unique serial number allocated to identify each asset (e.g. vehicle) Numerical asset reference, which when converted to decimal shall be 13 digits long, and consists of:

End/side indicator (first digit which is either a “1” or a “2” as defined in the tag location chapter of this standard 6.44 and

EVN (remaining 12 digits) as allocated for that particular vehicle in question in the NVR / ECVVR. The EVN is represented only in numeric value without any other characters such as blanks or hyphens but including the check digit. — Exception: Vehicles with only an 8 digit vehicle number along Russian numbering scheme shall fill the first 4 digits after the end/side indicator with zeros (0) in order to get the 13 digit asset reference. The Individual Asset Reference of the GIAI-96 shall be Numeric-only, with no leading zeros and have a decimal value less than a limit that varies inversely with the length of the GS1 Company Prefix. Notes:

Further information related to this vehicle can be found in the European Railway Agency’s Virtual Vehicle Register, using the EVN as key for the search.

Please refer to GS1’s EPC Tag Data Standard (http://www.gs1.org/epc/tag-data-standard), particularly the sections “Global Individual Asset Identifier” and “GIAI-96 Partition Table and

4 0) not allowed 3) has been used for legacy markings at vehicle 4) used for MRO parts 5-9) reserved for further implementations according to the guideline RFID for rail. oSIST prEN 17230:2018

prEN 17230:2018 (E) 16 coding table” for GIAI-96 composition details and partition values, as well as the “Unpadded Partition Table Encoding Method” section.

Please also refer to Appendix 3 of the GS1 in Europe guideline on AutoID in Rail (http://www.gs1.eu/automatic-identification-and-gs1-epcis-sharing-standard-in-rail#publications) for examples on Encoding and Marking. A company code, the side indication and the EVN are encoded into a globally unique asset reference. See also the informative Annex D. 7.2.2 Example tag numbering in the GS1 scheme The following table sets out an example tag number for a Class 73 locomotive (number 73 952) owned by Network Rail. Name Size (bits) Bit numbers Value (dec) Value (bin) Meaning Notes EPC header 8 95–88 52 0011 0100 This tag uses GIAI-96 Fixed Filter 3 87–85 1 001 This tag denotes a rail vehicle Fixed, depending on RFID system Partition 3 84–82 5 1 01 This tag has a 24 bit company prefix and a 58 bit asset reference Variable, depending on owner GS1 company prefix 24 81–58* 5053555 01 0011 0100 0111 0001 1100 11 Owned by Network Rail Variable, depending on owner Individual asset ref. (side and tag) 58 57*–0 1917000732110 00 0000 0000 0000 0001 1011 1110 0101 0110 0010 0101 1100 1101 1100 1110 Side digit 1, EVN 917000732110 Actual value dependent on owner and item being monitored. Side digit (1 or 2) concatenated to EVN. When converted to binary, shall exactly fill the available bits. In this case, there need to be 58 bits, so there are 17 leading bits set to zero. The complete 96 binary tag code is 0011 0100 0011 0101 0011 0100 0111 0001 1100 1100 0000 0000 0000 0001 1011 1110 0101 0110 0010 0101 1100 1101 1100 1110. The complete tag code in hex is 34353471CC0001BE5625CDCE. *These bit numbers will be dependent on the length of the company prefix and the individual asset reference. The maximum number of bits for the company prefix and the individual asset reference including leading zeros is 82. oSIST prEN 17230:2018

prEN 17230:2018 (E) 17 Thus the Gen2 EPC Memory Memory Bank (MB 01) encoding of “EPC” field (beginning at bit 20h), in hexadecimal form is: 34353471CC0001BE5625CDCE The Gen2 EPC Memory Memory Bank (MB 01) encoding of “EPC” field (beginning at bit 20h), in binary and hexadecimal form, broken down by EPC component is shown in Table 1. AFI is stored in StoredPC bits 18h (MSB) to 1Fh (LSB). Table 1 —An example with GS1 scheme including the bit addresses

Header Filter Partition GCP Bit addr. 20h 21h 22h 23h 24h 25h 26h 27h 28h 29h 2Ah 2Bh 2Ch 2Dh 2Eh 2Fh Bin 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Hex 3 4 3 5

Bit addr. 30h 31h 32h 33h 34h 35h 36h 37h 38h 39h 3Ah 3Bh 3Ch 3Dh 3Eh 3Fh Bin 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 Hex 3 4 7 1

Individual Asset Reference Bit addr. 40h 41h 42h 43h 44h 45h 46h 47h 48h 49h 4Ah 4Bh 4Ch 4Dh 4Eh 4Fh Bin 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hex C C 0 0

Bit addr. 50h 51h 52h 53h 54h 55h 56h 57h 58h 59h 5Ah 5Bh 5Ch 5Dh 5Eh 5Fh Bin 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 Hex 0 1 B E

Bit addr. 60h 61h 62h 63h 64h 65h 66h 67h 68h 69h 6Ah 6Bh 6Ch 6Dh 6Eh 6Fh Bin 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 Hex 5 6 2 5

Bit addr. 70h 71h 72h 73h 74h 75h 76h 77h 78h 79h 7Ah 7Bh 7Ch 7Dh 7Eh 7Fh Bin 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 Hex C D C E

Individual Asset Reference: 58 The EPC Tag URI (as used in RFID middleware): urn:epc:tag:giai-96:1.5053555.1917000732110 EPC Pure Identity URI (as used in EPCIS): urn:epc:id:giai:5053555.1917000732110 7.3 Data structure with ASC Data Identifiers 7.3.1 General The data are stored in memory bank 01 (also referred as UII or EPC memory bank) and are encoded with 6 bits per character. In order to have all the relevant ASC dat