iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
CEN

CEN/TR 16389:2023

(Main)

Automotive fuels - Paraffinic diesel fuel and blends with FAME - Background to the parameters required and their respective limits and determination

Automotive fuels - Paraffinic diesel fuel and blends with FAME - Background to the parameters required and their respective limits and determination

This document explains the requirements and test methods for paraffinic diesel fuel from synthesis or hydrotreatment. Synthesis refers to XTL processes where X refers to various feedstocks for example Gas (G), Biomass (B) or Coal (C) and TL stands for To-Liquid. Hydrotreatment of vegetable oils and animal fats yield Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO). Paraffinic diesel fuel can be blended with up to 7,0 % (V/V) fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). This document provides background information to the final text of EN 15940 [1] and gives guidance and explanations to the producers, blenders, marketers and users of paraffinic automotive diesel fuel.
Paraffinic diesel fuel is a high quality, clean burning fuel with virtually no sulfur and aromatics. Paraffinic diesel fuel can be used in diesel engines, also to reduce regulated emissions. In order to have the greatest possible emissions reduction, a specific calibration is needed. Some types of paraffinic diesel fuel, at present notably HVO, can also offer a meaningful contribution to the target of increased non-crude derived and/or renewable content in the transportation fuel pool.
For general diesel engine operation, durability and warranty, paraffinic automotive diesel fuel needs a validation step to confirm the compatibility of the fuel with the vehicle, which for some existing engines still needs to be done. The vehicle manufacturer needs to be consulted before use.
NOTE 1   This document is directly related to EN 15940 and will be updated once further publications take place.
NOTE 2   Paraffinic diesel fuel is also used as a blending component in automotive diesel fuel. In that case, composition and properties of the final blends are defined by relevant fuel specification standards.
NOTE 3   For the purposes of this document, the terms "% (m/m)" and "% (V/V)" are used to represent respectively the mass fraction and the volume fraction.

Kraftstoff für Kraftfahrzeuge - Paraffinischer Dieselkraftstoff und Kraftstoff-Mischungen - Hintergrund zu den erforderlichen Parametern, den entsprechenden Grenzwerten und deren Bestimmung

This document explains the requirements and test methods for paraffinic diesel fuel from synthesis or hydrotreatment. Synthesis refers to XTL processes where X refers to various feedstocks for example Gas (G), Biomass (B) or Coal (C) and TL stands for To-Liquid. Hydrotreatment of vegetable oils and animal fats yield Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO). Paraffinic diesel fuel can be blended with up to 7,0 % (V/V) fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). It provides background information to the final text of EN 15940 [1] and gives guidance and explanations to the producers, blenders, marketers and users of paraffinic automotive diesel.
Paraffinic diesel fuel is a high quality, clean burning fuel with virtually no sulfur and aromatics. Paraffinic diesel fuel can be used in diesel engines, also to reduce regulated emissions. In order to have the greatest possible emissions reduction, a specific calibration is needed. Some types of paraffinic diesel fuel, at present notably HVO, can also offer a meaningful contribution to the target of increased non-crude derived and/or renewable content in transportation fuel pool.
For general diesel engine operation, durability and warranty, paraffinic automotive diesel fuel needs a validation step to confirm the compatibility of the fuel with the vehicle, which for some existing engines still needs to be done. The vehicle manufacturer needs to be consulted before use.
NOTE 1   This document is directly related to EN 15940 and will be updated once further publications take place.
NOTE 2   Paraffinic diesel fuel is also used as a blending component in automotive diesel fuel. In that case, composition and properties of the final blends are defined by relevant fuel specification standards.
NOTE 3   For the purposes of this document, the terms "% (m/m)" and "% (V/V)" are used to represent respectively the mass fraction and the volume fraction.

Carburants pour automobiles - Gazole paraffinique et mélanges d'EMAG - Historique sur la définition des paramètres requis, de leurs limites et de leurs déterminations respectives

Goriva za motorna vozila - Parafinsko dizelsko gorivo in mešanice s FAME - Ozadje zahtevanih parametrov, njihove omejitve ter določevanje

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
05-Dec-2023
ICS
75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
Technical Committee
CEN/TC 19 - Petroleum products, lubricants and related products
Drafting Committee
CEN/TC 19/WG 24 - Specification for automotive diesel
Current Stage
6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
Start Date
06-Dec-2023
Due Date
27-Jan-2023
Completion Date
06-Dec-2023
Ref Project
SIST-TP CEN/TR 16389:2024 - Automotive fuels - Paraffinic diesel fuel and blends with FAME - Background to the parameters required and their respective limits and determination

Relations

Replaces
CEN/TR 16389:2017 - Automotive fuels - Paraffinic diesel fuel and blends with FAME - Background to the parameters required and their respective limits and determination
Effective Date
07-Jul-2021

Buy Standard

TP CEN/TR 16389:2024 - BARVETP CEN/TR 16389:2024 - BARVE
PreviousNext
Technical report
TP CEN/TR 16389:2024 - BARVE
English language
51 pages
sale 10% off
Preview
sale 10% off
Preview
e-Library read for
1 day

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TP CEN/TR 16389:2024
01-februar-2024
Nadomešča:
SIST-TP CEN/TR 16389:2017
Goriva za motorna vozila - Parafinsko dizelsko gorivo in mešanice s FAME -
Ozadje zahtevanih parametrov, njihove omejitve ter določevanje
Automotive fuels - Paraffinic diesel fuel and blends with FAME - Background to the
parameters required and their respective limits and determination
Kraftstoff für Kraftfahrzeuge - Paraffinischer Dieselkraftstoff und Kraftstoff-Mischungen -
Hintergrund zu den erforderlichen Parametern, den entsprechenden Grenzwerten und
deren Bestimmung
Carburants pour automobiles - Gazole paraffinique et mélanges d'EMAG - Historique sur
la définition des paramètres requis, de leurs limites et de leurs déterminations
respectives
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 16389:2023
ICS:
75.160.20 Tekoča goriva Liquid fuels
SIST-TP CEN/TR 16389:2024 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST-TP CEN/TR 16389:2024

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST-TP CEN/TR 16389:2024


CEN/TR 16389
TECHNICAL REPORT

RAPPORT TECHNIQUE

December 2023
TECHNISCHER REPORT
ICS 75.160.20 Supersedes CEN/TR 16389:2017
English Version

Automotive fuels - Paraffinic diesel fuel and blends with
FAME - Background to the parameters required and their
respective limits and determination
Carburants pour automobiles - Gazole paraffinique et Kraftstoff für Kraftfahrzeuge - Paraffinischer
mélanges d'EMAG - Historique sur la définition des Dieselkraftstoff und Kraftstoff-Mischungen -
paramètres requis, de leurs limites et de leurs Hintergrund zu den erforderlichen Parametern, den
déterminations respectives entsprechenden Grenzwerten und deren Bestimmung


This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 18 September 2023. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC
19.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 16389:2023 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST-TP CEN/TR 16389:2024
CEN/TR 16389:2023 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 4
4 EN 15940, Automotive fuels - Paraffinic diesel fuel from synthesis or hydrotreatment -
Requirements and test methods . 4
4.1 Parameters included . 4
4.2 Considerations on the parameters . 9
4.2.1 Cetane number . 9
4.2.2 Density . 10
4.2.3 Flash point . 12
4.2.4 Viscosity . 12
4.2.5 Distillation characteristics . 14
4.2.6 Lubricity .
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

CEN
EN 589:2024(Main)
Automotive fuels - LPG - Requirements and test methods
SIST EN 589:2024

This document specifies requirements and test methods for marketed and delivered automotive LPG (commonly known as low pressure gas or liquefied petroleum gas).
This document is applicable to automotive LPG for use in LPG engine vehicles designed to run on automotive LPG.
NOTE   For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent respectively the mass fraction, µ, and the volume fraction, φ.
WARNING - Attention is drawn to the risk of fire and explosion when handling LPG and to the hazard to health arising through inhalation of excessive amounts of LPG.
LPG is a highly volatile hydrocarbon liquid which is normally stored under pressure. If the pressure is released large volumes of gas will be produced which form flammable mixtures with air over the range of approximately 2 % (V/V) to 10 % (V/V). This European Standard involves the sampling, handling and testing of LPG. Naked flames, unprotected electrical equipment electrostatic hazards etc. are sources of ignition for LPG.
LPG in liquid form can cause cold burns to the skin. National health and safety regulations can apply.
LPG is heavier than air and accumulates in cavities. There is a danger of suffocation when inhaling high concentrations of LPG.
CAUTION - One of the tests described in this document involves the operator inhaling a mixture of air and LPG vapour. Particular attention is drawn to the cautionary statement provided in A.1, where this method is referred to.

  • Draft
    16 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
CEN
EN 17306:2023(Main)
Liquid petroleum products - Determination of distillation characteristics at atmospheric pressure - Micro-distillation
SIST EN 17306:2024

This document specifies a laboratory method for the determination of the distillation characteristics of light and middle distillates derived from petroleum and related products of synthetic or biological origin with initial boiling points above 20 °C and end-points below approximately 400 °C, at atmospheric pressure utilizing an automatic micro distillation apparatus.
This test method is applicable to such products as light and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels containing up to 20 % (V/V) ethanol, aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, (paraffinic) diesel fuels, FAME (B100), diesel blends up to 30 % (V/V) fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), special petroleum spirits, naphtha’s, white spirits, kerosene’s, burner fuels, and marine fuels.
The test method is also applicable to hydrocarbons with a narrow boiling range, like organic solvents or oxygenated compounds.
The test method is designed for the analysis of distillate products; it is not applicable to products containing appreciable quantities of residual material.
WARNING - The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of user of this document to take appropriate measures to ensure the safety and health of personnel prior to application of the document, and to fulfil statutory and regulatory requirements for this purpose.
NOTE   For the purpose of this document, the expression "% (V/V)" is used to represent the volume fraction.

  • Standard
    25 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
CEN
EN 16906:2023(Main)
Liquid petroleum products - Determination of the ignition quality of diesel fuels - Fixed compression ratio engine method
SIST EN 16906:2023

This document specifies a test method for the determination of cetane numbers ("CN") of diesel fuels, using a standard single cylinder, four-stroke cycle, indirect injection engine. The cetane number provides a measure of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuels in compression ignition engines. The cetane number is determined at constant speed in a compression ignition test engine equipped with a swirl chamber.
The cetane number scale covers the range from 0 to 100, but typical testing is performed in the CN range from about 40 to about 75. The precision of this test method covers the CN range from 44 to about 66.
This document is applicable to distillate as well as paraffinic diesel fuels intended for use in diesel engines, including those containing up to a volume fraction of 10 % fatty-acid methyl esters (FAME), ignition-improvers or other diesel fuel additives.
When this engine test procedure is used for other fuels such as synthetics and vegetable oils, samples with fuel properties that interfere with the gravity-based pre-supply pressure to the fuel pump e.g. due to high viscosity can only be used to a limited extent. Precision data for such fuels are not available at this stage.
NOTE   The test method is also suitable for determining cetane numbers outside the range of the scope; however, the precision statement only applies for fuels in the specified range.
WARNING - The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to take appropriate measures to ensure the safety and health of personnel prior to application of the document, and fulfil statutory and regulatory requirements for this purpose.

  • Standard
    20 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
CEN
EN ISO 12156-1:2023(Main)
Diesel fuel - Assessment of lubricity using the high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) - Part 1: Test method (ISO 12156-1:2023)
SIST EN ISO 12156-1:2023

This document specifies a test method using the high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) with a digital camera, for assessing the lubricating property of petroleum-based middle distillate fuels, paraffinic diesel fuels, and biodiesel blends, with or without lubricity enhancing additives, and with HFRR wear scar diameters (WSDs) of 350 μm to 700 μm.
This test method applies to fuels used in diesel engines.
NOTE       It is not known if this test method can predict the performance of all additive/fuel combinations.

  • Standard
    21 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
CEN
EN 17867:2023(Main)
Petrol fuel for small internal combustion engines - Requirements and test methods
SIST EN 17867:2023

This document specifies requirements on petrol fuel for use as fuel in small engines, together with the methods to be applied for testing these properties.
This document specifies requirements for two types of petrol fuel having low aromatics and sulfur content:
- one type for use in four-stroke engines with separate lubrication; and
- one mixed petrol fuel type for use in mixture-lubricated engines.
Testing the properties of the added engine oil is out of the scope of this document.
NOTE For the purposes of this document, the terms “% (m/m)” and “% (V/V)” are used to represent respectively the mass fraction and the volume fraction.

  • Standard
    14 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
CEN
EN 15691:2023(Main)
Ethanol as a blending component for petrol - Determination of dry residue (involatile material) - Gravimetric method
SIST EN 15691:2023

This document specifies a procedure for the determination of dry residue in ethanol by gravimetric (desiccation) method in the range (10 to 25) mg/100 ml.
NOTE In an interlaboratory study [2] the method described has been tested at levels down to 3,5 mg/100 ml, but the precision appeared to be insufficient at such low levels.
WARNING - Use of this document can involve hazardous equipment, materials and operations. This method does not purport to address to all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to take appropriate measures to ensure the safety and health of personnel prior to the application of the document, and to fulfil statutory and regulatory restrictions for this purpose.

  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
CEN
EN 15940:2023(Main)
Automotive fuels - Paraffinic diesel fuel from synthesis or hydrotreatment - Requirements and test methods
SIST EN 15940:2023

This document describes requirements and test methods for paraffinic diesel fuel marketed and delivered as such, containing a level of up to 7,0 % (V/V) fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). It is applicable to fuel for use in diesel engines and vehicles compatible with paraffinic diesel fuel. It specifies two classes of paraffinic diesel fuel: high cetane and normal cetane.
Paraffinic diesel fuel originates from synthesis or hydrotreatment processes.
NOTE 1   For general diesel engine warranty, the vehicle manufacturer needs to be consulted before use. Paraffinic automotive diesel fuel may need a validation step to confirm the compatibility of the fuel with the vehicle, which for some existing engines may still need to be done (see also the Introduction to this document). However, it is noted that paraffinic diesel fuel is extensively available and has been increasingly approved by vehicle manufacturers for usage in vehicles since the first publication of this document.
NOTE 2   For the purposes of this document, the terms "% (m/m)" and "% (V/V)" are used to represent respectively the mass fraction and the volume fraction.

  • Standard
    20 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
CEN
EN 16568:2023(Main)
Automotive fuels - Blends of Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) with diesel fuel - Determination of oxidation stability by rapidly accelerated oxidation method at 120 °C
SIST EN 16568:2023

This document specifies a test method for the determination of the oxidation stability at 120 °C of fuels for diesel engines, by means of measuring the induction period of the fuel up to 20 h. The method is applicable to blends of FAME with petroleum-based diesel having a FAME content in the range between 2 % (V/V) and 50 % (V/V).
NOTE 1   An almost identical test method for oxidation stability at 110 °C is described in EN 15751 [1], which applies to pure FAME and diesel/FAME blends containing 2 % (V/V) of FAME at minimum. Other alternative test methods for the determination of the oxidation stability of distillate fuels are described in CEN/TR 17225 [3].
NOTE 2   The precision of this method was determined using samples with a maximum induction period of approximately 20 h. Higher induction periods are not covered by the precision statement; however, experience from EN 15751 indicates sufficient precision up to 48 h.
NOTE 3   The presence of cetane improver can reduce the oxidation stability determined by this test method. Limited studies with 2-ethyl hexyl nitrate (EHN) indicated that the stability is reduced to an extent which is within the reproducibility of the test method.
NOTE 4   For the purposes of this document, the term "% (V/V)" is used to represent the volume fraction.

  • Standard
    17 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
CEN
EN 15195:2023(Main)
Liquid petroleum products - Determination of ignition delay and derived cetane number (DCN) of middle distillate fuels by combustion in a constant volume chamber
SIST EN 15195:2023

This document specifies a test method for the quantitative determination of ignition delay of middle distillate fuels intended for use in compression ignition engines. The method utilizes a constant volume combustion chamber designed for operation by compression ignition, and employing direct injection of fuel into compressed air that is controlled to a specified pressure and temperature. An equation is given to calculate the derived cetane number (DCN) from the ignition delay measurement.
This document covers the ignition delay range from 2,58 ms to 6,34 ms (76,8 DCN to 33,9 DCN). The combustion analyser can measure shorter or longer ignition delays, but precision is not known.
This document is applicable to diesel fuels, including those containing fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) up to 30 % (V/V). The method is also applicable to middle distillate fuels of non-petroleum origin, oil-sands based fuels, blends of fuel containing biodiesel material, diesel fuel oils containing cetane number improver additives and low-sulfur diesel fuel oils. Furthermore, the method is applicable to paraffinic diesel from synthesis or hydrotreatment, containing up to a volume fraction of 7 % FAME [1]. However, users applying this document especially to unconventional distillate fuels are warned that the relationship between derived cetane number and combustion behaviour in real engines is not yet fully understood.
The test method is also applicable to the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of FAME, especially the ignition delay. However, analysis of the data available, regarding correlation with EN ISO 5165, is inconclusive. So the determination of derived cetane number for FAME fuel, also known as B100, has not been included in the precision determination as in Clause 12.
NOTE    For the purpose of this document, the expression “% (V/V)” is used to represent the volume fraction and “% (m/m)” the mass fraction.
WARNING — The use of this document may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

  • Standard
    27 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day
CEN
EN 12177:2022(Main)
Liquid petroleum products - Unleaded petrol - Determination of benzene content by gas chromatography
SIST EN 12177:2023

This document specifies a column switching gas chromatographic method for the quantitative determination of benzene content in the range 0,05 % (V/V) to 6 % (V/V) in unleaded petrol having a final boiling point not greater than 220 °C.
The method described in this document is suitable for determining benzene in petrol, including petrol containing oxygenates up to E10 (up to 3,7 % (m/m) oxygen content), in line with the relevant EC Directives [1].
NOTE   For the purposes of this document, the terms "% (V/V)" and "% (m/m)" are used to represent respectively the volume fraction and the mass fraction.
WARNING - Use of this document might involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

  • Standard
    15 pages
    English language
    sale 10% off
    e-Library read for
    1 day