ISO/DIS 20290-1

Aggregates for concrete -- Test methods for mechanical and physical properties

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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 20290-1
ISO/TC 71/SC 1 Secretariat: SII
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2019-07-17 2019-10-09
Aggregates for concrete — Test methods for mechanical
and physical properties —
Part 1:
Determination of bulk density, particle density, particle
mass-per-volume and water absorption
ICS: 91.100.30
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
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STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
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ISO/DIS 20290-1:2019(E)
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PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2019
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ISO/DIS 20290-1:2019(E)
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ISO/DIS 20290-1:2019(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4 Determination of bulk density ............................................................................................................................................................... 2

4.1 Principle ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2

4.2 Apparatus and materials ................................................................................................................................................................ 2

4.3 Sampling ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.4 Procedure .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.4.1 Calibration of container ............................................................................................................................................. 3

4.4.2 Uncompacted bulk density...................................................................................................................................... 3

4.4.3 Compacted bulk density ............................................................................................................................................ 3

4.4.4 Compaction by other methods............................................................................................................................. 4

4.5 Expression of test results ............................................................................................................................................................... 4

4.6 Test report ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4

5 Determination of particle density and water absorption – Hydrostatic balance method .......4

5.1 Principle ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4

5.2 Apparatus and materials ................................................................................................................................................................ 5

5.3 Sampling ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5

5.4 Procedure .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6

5.5 Expression of test results ............................................................................................................................................................... 7

5.6 Test report ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7

6 Fine and coarse aggregates for concrete - Determination of the particle mass-per-

volume and water absorption - Pycnometer method..................................................................................................... 9

6.1 Principle ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 9

6.2 Apparatus and materials ................................................................................................................................................................ 9

6.3 Sampling ....................................................................................................................................................................................................11

6.4 Procedure .................................................................................................................................................................................................11

6.5 Expression of test results ............................................................................................................................................................12

6.6 Test report ................................................................................................................................................................................................13

© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO/DIS 20290-1:2019(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the

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URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 71 Concrete, reinforced concrete and

pre-stressed concrete, Subcommittee SC 1, Test methods for concrete.
This Standard supersedes:
ISO 6782:1982(E) — Aggregates for concrete — Determination of bulk density

ISO 6783:1982(E) — Coarse aggregates for concrete — Determination of particle density and water

absorption – Hydrostatic balance method

ISO 7033:1987(E) — Fine and coarse aggregates for concrete — Determination of the particle mass-

per-volume and water absorption - Pycnometer method
A list of all parts in the ISO 20290- series can be found on the ISO website.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 20290-1:2019(E)
Aggregates for concrete — Test methods for mechanical
and physical properties —
Part 1:
Determination of bulk density, particle density, particle
mass-per-volume and water absorption
1 Scope

This document describes procedures for determining certain properties of aggregates for use in

concrete for the determination of the loose or compacted bulk density, determination of particle density

and water absorption using the hydrostatic balance method and determination of the particle mass-

per-volume and water absorption using the Pycnometer method.
2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 565, Test sieves — Metal wire cloth, perforated metal plate and electroformed sheet — Nominal sizes

of openings

ISO 20290, Part xx — Test methods for aggregates — Sampling of normal weight aggregates

(1)

ISO 20290, Part yy — Test methods for aggregates — Determination of particle size distribution:

Sieving method
3 Terms and definitions
3.1
bulk density

ratio obtained by dividing the mass of a sample of aggregate filling a specified container by the

known volume of the container, expressed in units of mass per unit volume, i.e. kilograms per cubic

meter (kg/m )

Note 1 to entry: In some countries, the terms "unit mass", "unit weight" and "density" are used instead.

3.2
particle density

ratio obtained by dividing the mass of a sample of aggregate particles by the volume, including both

permeable and impermeable pores within the particles (but not including the voids between the

particles)It is expressed as a mass per unit volume, i.e. kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m ).

3.3
oven dry particle density

ratio obtained by dividing the mass of a sample of aggregate particles heated in an oven until reaching

a constant mass by the volume including both permeable and impermeable pores within the particles

(but not including the voids between the particles)
1) The Standard is under preparation.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 1
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ISO/DIS 20290-1:2019(E)
3.4
saturated surface dry particle density

ratio obtained by dividing the mass of a sample of aggregate particles and water contained in its

permeable voids by the volume including both permeable and impermeable pores within the particles

(but not including the voids between the particles)
3.5
water absorption

the increase in mass of an aggregate sample due to water penetration into the pores of the dry aggregate

particles (exclude water adhering to the outside surface of the particles) during a prescribed period of

timeIt is expressed as a percentage of the dry mass.
3.6
constant mass:

mass determined after successive weighings at least 1 h apart not differing by more than 0,1 %

4 Determination of bulk density
4.1 Principle

The determination of the loose or compacted bulk density of dry or moist aggregates (normal or

lightweight) for concrete is defined by weighing of the aggregate sample using a constant volume

container.
4.2 Apparatus and materials

4.2.1 Cylindrical container, with a smooth inside, fitted with handles and with dimensions

approximately like those given in Table 1.

The container shall be watertight, corrosion resistant, and sufficiently rigid to retain its dimensions

despite rough usage. The top rim shall be smooth, planar to within 0,25 mm and parallel to the base

to within 0,5°. The ratio of the height of the container to its diameter shall be within the range 0,5 mm

to 1,5 mm.
Table 1 — Minimum capacity of container depending on aggregate size
Upper size of aggregate Capacity
[mm] [l]
4 1
8 2,5
16 5
31,5 10
63 20
4.2.2 Balance, accurate to 0,2% of the mass of the material to be weighed.

4.2.3 Tamping rod, made of straight metal with a diameter of 16mm, a length of approximately

600 mm and rounded ends.
4.2.4 Shovel or scoop.
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ISO/DIS 20290-1:2019(E)
4.2.5 Calibration Equipment

4.2.6 Clear plate, a piece of flat, transparent material larger on all sides than the diameter of the

calibrated cylindrical container (‎4.2.1) . It shall be sufficiently rigid to remain planar when placed on the

container.

4.2.7 Thermometer, with a range of at least 10 °C to 32 °C and an accuracy of at least 0,5 °C.

4.2.8 Balance, as described in ‎4.2.2.
4.3 Sampling
(1)
The sample shall be taken in accordance with ISO 20290:— part xx .

If the test is to be performed on dry aggregates, dry the sample to a constant mass at (105± 5) °C in

(24 ± 4) h and determine the mass. Repeat this procedure in 24 h increments until the mass changes by

less than 0,5 %. and mix thoroughly.

If the test is to be performed on moist aggregates, determine the moisture content as a percentage of

the dry mass and state this in the test report.

If the uniformity of a fraction is to be checked, the oversize aggregate (particles that are retained on

the upper sieve) and undersize aggregate (particles which pass the lower sieve) shall be removed by

sieving.
4.4 Procedure
4.4.1 Calibration of container

Weigh the clear plate and the empty container and then calibrate the container volume by filling it with

water at (20± 2) °C. Cover it with the clear, flat plate to eliminate air bubbles and excess water, and then

dry the sides of the container. Determine the mass of water with an accuracy of 0,1%. The volume of the

container in cubic meters can be determined by dividing the mass of water, in kilograms, by 1,000.

4.4.2 Uncompacted bulk density

Fill the container with the thoroughly mixed aggregate using the shovel or scoop (‎4.2.4), ensuring

that the aggregate don't fall from more than 50mm from the top of the container. Fill the container

above the top and remove the excess aggregates by rolling the tamping rod (‎4.2.3) across the top of

the container remaining in contact with the lip. Remove by hand any aggregate, which impedes the

progress of the rod and fill in any obvious depressions. When checking aggregate 5mm or smaller, the

surface should be levelled using the tamping rod as a straightedge. Weigh the aggregate and container

with an accuracy of 0,1%.
4.4.3 Compacted bulk density
4.4.3.1 Compaction by rodding

Transfer aggregate to the container according to the procedure described above until it is about one-

third full. Level the surface by hand and tamp the layer of aggregate with 10 strokes per 100 cm evenly

distributed over the surface. Fill the container to about two-thirds full with more aggregate and tamp

as before. For the last
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