ISO/TC 22/SC 36/WG 6 - Performance criteria expressed in biomechanical terms

ISO/TS 18506:2014 provides a procedure to develop injury risk curves for biomechanical samples. These samples are often heavily censored and limited in size, such that specific steps and checks are required when developing injury risk curves. Moreover, several statistical methods were historically used to build injury risk curves. The curves resulting from the different methods could be rather close or fairly different, depending on the biomechanical samples. It is therefore of major importance to recommend a consensual method to be used. Otherwise, injury thresholds candidates to be included into regulations could be highly influenced by the statistical method used. These different methods were compared in a statistical simulation study. The conclusions of this study were used to recommend the survival analysis. ISO/TS 18506:2014 identifies steps to be followed to develop injury risk curves. It recommends preliminary checks, statistical method, and recommendation process of the injury risk curve. Guidelines on the type of the samples to be used (cadaver, animal, or dummy), as well as the variables to be used, and the injury severity level are beyond the scope of ISO/TS 18506:2014.

ISO/TR 12350:2013 provides injury risk curves to assess occupant protection in side impact tests. The curves are given for the WorldSID 50th, a mid-size adult male side impact dummy. These dummies are used during tests carried out according to ISO 10997 or which are under investigation by regulatory bodies and consumer testing organizations.

ISO/TR 13330:2013 recommends calculation procedures for several neck performance criteria for low-severity rear impact that are found in the literature. ISO/TR 13330:2013 does not recommend any particular criteria or provide injury risk curves since the mechanisms of whiplash injury are neither proven nor validated. Calculations given in ISO/TR 13330:2013 apply to mid-size adult male dummies only.

ISO/TR 7861:2002 presents injury risk curves that can be used for injury risk assessment in the evaluation of occupant protection in road-vehicle frontal impact. The measurements were made on frontal-impact crash test dummies which present acceptable levels of biofidelity response in accordance with ISO 12349-1 and ISO 12349-2 and which are used in the frontal-impact test procedures of existing International Standards.