ISO/DIS 80000-1

Quantities and units

Grandeurs et unités

Standards Content (sample)

DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 80000-1
ISO/TC 12 Secretariat: SIS
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2017-04-14 2017-07-07
Quantities and units —
Part 1:
General
Grandeurs et unités —
Partie 1: Généralités
ICS: 01.060
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
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ISO/DIS 80000-1:2017(E)
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© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland

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ISO/DIS 80000-1:2017(E)
Contents
Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................... v

Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................... vi

0.1 Quantities ......................................................................................................................................................... vi

0.2 Units .................................................................................................................................................................... vi

0.3 Realizing the values of units ..................................................................................................................... vii

0.4 Arrangement of the tables ......................................................................................................................... vii

1 Scope ....................................................................................................................................................................1

2 Normative references ....................................................................................................................................1

3 Terms and definitions ....................................................................................................................................1

4 Quantities ........................................................................................................................................................ 12

4.1 The concept of quantity .............................................................................................................................. 12

4.2 Kind of quantity ─ Quantity calculus ..................................................................................................... 12

4.3 System of quantities ─ Base quantities and derived quantities .................................................. 13

4.4 Universal constants and empirical constants .................................................................................... 13

4.5 Constant multipliers in quantity equations ........................................................................................ 14

4.6 International System of Quantities, ISQ ............................................................................................... 14

5 Quantity dimensions ................................................................................................................................... 14

6 Units ................................................................................................................................................................... 15

6.1 Units and numerical values ....................................................................................................................... 15

6.2 Mathematical operations ........................................................................................................................... 16

6.3 Quantity equations and numerical value equations ........................................................................ 17

6.4 Coherent systems of units.......................................................................................................................... 17

6.5 The International System of Units, SI .................................................................................................... 18

6.5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 18

6.5.2 SI base units .................................................................................................................................................... 18

6.5.3 SI derived units .............................................................................................................................................. 18

6.5.4 SI prefixes ........................................................................................................................................................ 21

6.5.5 The unit one .................................................................................................................................................... 22

6.5.6 Other units ...................................................................................................................................................... 23

7 Printing rules ................................................................................................................................................. 24

7.1 Symbols for quantities ................................................................................................................................ 24

7.1.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 24

7.1.2 Subscripts ........................................................................................................................................................ 25

7.1.3 Combination of symbols for quantities ................................................................................................. 25

7.1.4 Expressions for quantities ......................................................................................................................... 27

7.2 Names and symbols for units ................................................................................................................... 27

7.2.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 27

7.2.2 Combination of symbols for units ........................................................................................................... 28

7.2.3 Prefixes ............................................................................................................................................................. 28

7.2.4 English names of compound units .......................................................................................................... 28

7.2.5 Spelling of names of quantities and of units in the English and French languages .............. 29

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ISO/DIS 80000-1:2017(E)

7.3 Numbers .......................................................................................................................................................... 29

7.3.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 29

7.3.2 Decimal sign ................................................................................................................................................... 30

7.3.3 Multiplication and division ....................................................................................................................... 30

7.3.4 Error and uncertainty ................................................................................................................................. 31

7.4 Chemical elements and nuclides ............................................................................................................ 32

7.5 Greek alphabet .............................................................................................................................................. 33

Annex A (normative) Terms in names for physical quantities ................................................................. 34

A.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 34

A.2 Coefficients, factors ..................................................................................................................................... 34

A.3 Parameters, numbers, ratios ................................................................................................................... 35

A.4 Levels ................................................................................................................................................................ 35

A.5 Constants ......................................................................................................................................................... 36

A.6 Terms with general application .............................................................................................................. 36

Annex B (normative) Rounding of numbers .................................................................................................... 39

Annex C (normative) Logarithmic quantities and their units ................................................................... 41

C.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 41

C.2 Logarithmic root-power quantities ....................................................................................................... 41

C.3 Logarithmic power quantities ................................................................................................................. 42

C.4 Logarithmic information-theory quantities ....................................................................................... 42

Annex D (informative) International organizations in the field of quantities and units ................ 43

D.1 JCGM .................................................................................................................................................................. 43

D.2 CGPM ― CIPM ― BIPM ................................................................................................................................. 43

D.3 IEC ― IEC/TC 25 ............................................................................................................................................. 43

D.4 IFCC .................................................................................................................................................................... 43

D.5 ILAC ................................................................................................................................................................... 43

D.6 ISO ― ISO/TC 12 ............................................................................................................................................ 43

D.7 IUPAC ................................................................................................................................................................ 43

D.8 IUPAP ................................................................................................................................................................ 43

D.9 OIML ― CGML ― CIML ― BIML .................................................................................................................. 44

Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 45

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DIS 80000-1:2017(E) ISO/DIS 80000-1:2017(E)

7.3 Numbers .......................................................................................................................................................... 29

7.3.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 29

7.3.2 Decimal sign ................................................................................................................................................... 30

7.3.3 Multiplication and division ....................................................................................................................... 30

7.3.4 Error and uncertainty ................................................................................................................................. 31

Foreword

7.4 Chemical elements and nuclides ............................................................................................................ 32

7.5 Greek alphabet .............................................................................................................................................. 33

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national

standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally

Annex A (normative) Terms in names for physical quantities ................................................................. 34

carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a

A.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 34

technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee.

A.2 Coefficients, factors ..................................................................................................................................... 34

International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in

A.3 Parameters, numbers, ratios ................................................................................................................... 35

the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all

A.4 Levels ................................................................................................................................................................ 35

matters of electrotechnical standardization.

A.5 Constants ......................................................................................................................................................... 36

A.6 Terms with general application .............................................................................................................. 36

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

Annex B (normative) Rounding of numbers .................................................................................................... 39

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

Annex C (normative) Logarithmic quantities and their units ................................................................... 41

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

C.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 41

C.2 Logarithmic root-power quantities ....................................................................................................... 41

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

C.3 Logarithmic power quantities ................................................................................................................. 42

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

C.4 Logarithmic information-theory quantities ....................................................................................... 42

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

Annex D (informative) International organizations in the field of quantities and units ................ 43

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).

D.1 JCGM .................................................................................................................................................................. 43

D.2 CGPM ― CIPM ― BIPM ................................................................................................................................. 43

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

D.3 IEC ― IEC/TC 25 ............................................................................................................................................. 43

constitute an endorsement.

D.4 IFCC .................................................................................................................................................................... 43

D.5 ILAC ................................................................................................................................................................... 43

For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity

D.6 ISO ― ISO/TC 12 ............................................................................................................................................ 43

assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO)

D.7 IUPAC ................................................................................................................................................................ 43

principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL:

D.8 IUPAP ................................................................................................................................................................ 43

www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.

D.9 OIML ― CGML ― CIML ― BIML .................................................................................................................. 44

The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 12, Quantities and units in co-operation with

Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 45

IEC/TC 25, Quantities and units.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 80000-1:2009), which has been

technically revised.
A list of all parts of the ISO 80000 series can be found on the ISO website.
© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
iv v
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ISO/DIS 80000-1:2017(E)
Introduction
0.1 Quantities

Systems of quantities and systems of units can be treated in many consistent, but different, ways. Which

treatment to use is only a matter of convention. The presentation given in this International Standard is

the one that is the basis for the International System of Units, the SI (from the French: Système

international d’unités), adopted by the General Conference on Weights and Measures, the CGPM (from

the French: Conférence générale des poids et mesures).

The quantities and relations among the quantities used here are those almost universally accepted for

use throughout the physical sciences. They are presented in the majority of scientific textbooks today

and are familiar to all scientists and technologists.

The quantities and the relations among them are in principle infinite in number and are continually

evolving as new fields of science and technology are developed. Thus, it is not possible to list all these

quantities and relations in this International Standard; instead, a selection of the more commonly used

quantities and the relations among them is presented.

It is inevitable that some readers working in particular specialized fields may find that the quantities

they are interested in using may not be listed in this International Standard or in another International

Standard. However, provided that they can relate their quantities to more familiar examples that are

listed, this will not prevent them from defining units for their quantities.

Most of the units used to express values of quantities of interest were developed and used long before

the concept of a system of quantities was developed. Nonetheless, the relations among the quantities,

which are simply the equations of the physical sciences, are important, because in any system of units

the relations among the units play an important role and are developed from the relations among the

corresponding quantities.

The system of quantities, including the relations among them the quantities used as the basis of the

units of the SI, is named the International System of Quantities, denoted “ISQ”, in all languages. This

name was not used in ISO 31, from which the present harmonized series has evolved. However, ISQ

[8]

does appear in ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 and in the SI Brochure , Edition 8:2006. In both cases, this was

to ensure consistency with the new Quantities and units series that was under preparation at the time

they were published; it had already been announced that the new term would be used. It should be

realized, however, that ISQ is simply a convenient notation to assign to the essentially infinite and

continually evolving and expanding system of quantities and equations on which all of modern science

and technology rests. ISQ is a shorthand notation for the “system of quantities on which the SI is based”,

which was the phrase used for this system in ISO 31.
0.2 Units

A system of units is developed by first defining a set of base units for a small set of corresponding base

quantities and then defining derived units as products of powers of the base units corresponding to the

relations defining the derived quantities in terms of the base quantities. In this International Standard

and in the SI, there are seven base quantities and seven base units. The base quantities are length, mass,

time, electric current, thermodynamic temperature, amount of substance, and luminous intensity. The

corresponding base units are the metre, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, mole, and candela,

respectively. The definitions of these base units, and their practical realization, are at the heart of the SI

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
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ISO/DIS 80000-1:2017(E) ISO/DIS 80000-1:2017(E)

and are the responsibility of the advisory committees of the International Committee for Weights and

Measures, the CIPM (from the French: Comité international des poids et mesures). The current

definitions of the base units, and advice for their practical realization, are presented in the SI

[8]
Introduction

Brochure , published by and obtainable from the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, the

BIPM (from the French: Bureau international des poids et mesures). Note that in contrast to the base

0.1 Quantities units, each of which has a specific definition, the base quantities are simply chosen by convention and

no attempt is made to define them otherwise then operationally.

Systems of quantities and systems of units can be treated in many consistent, but different, ways. Which

treatment to use is only a matter of convention. The presentation given in this International Standard is 0.3 Realizing the values of units

the one that is the basis for the International System of Units, the SI (from the French: Système

To realize the value of a unit is to use the definition of the unit to make measurements that compare the

international d’unités), adopted by the General Conference on Weights and Measures, the CGPM (from

value of some quantity of the same kind as the unit with the value of the unit. This is the essential step

the French: Conférence générale des poids et mesures).

in making measurements of the value of any quantity in science. Realizing the values of the base units is

The quantities and relations among the quantities used here are those almost universally accepted for of particular importance. Realizing the values of derived units follows in principle from realizing the

use throughout the physical sciences. They are presented in the majority of scientific textbooks today base units.

and are familiar to all scientists and technologists.

There may be many different ways for the practical realization of the value of a unit, and new methods

The quantities and the relations among them are in principle infinite in number and are continually may be developed as science advances. Any method consistent with the laws of physics could be used to

evolving as new fields of science and technology are developed. Thus, it is not possible to list all these realize any SI unit. Nonetheless, it is often helpful to review experimental methods for realizing the

quantities and relations in this International Standard; instead, a selection of the more commonly used units, and the CIPM recommends such methods, which are presented as part of the SI Brochure.

quantities and the relations among them is presented.
0.4 Arrangement of the tables

It is inevitable that some readers working in particular specialized fields may find that the quantities

In parts 3 to 14 of this International Standard, the quantities and relations among them, which are a

they are interested in using may not be listed in this International Standard or in another International

subset of the ISQ, are given on the left-hand pages, and the units of the SI (and some other units) are

Standard. However, provided that they can relate their quantities to more familiar examples that are

given on the right-hand pages. Some additional quantities and units are also given on the left-hand and

listed, this will not prevent them from defining units for their quantities.

right-hand pages, respectively. The item numbers of quantities are written pp-nn.s (pp, part number;

nn, running number in the part, respectively; s, sub-number). The item numbers of units are written

Most of the units used to express values of quantities of interest were developed and used long before

pp-nn.l (pp, part number; nn, running number in the part, respectively; l, sub-letter).

the concept of a system of quantities was developed. Nonetheless, the relations among the quantities,

which are simply the equations of the physical sciences, are important, because in any system of units

the relations among the units play an important role and are developed from the relations among the

corresponding quantities.

The system of quantities, including the relations among them the quantities used as the basis of the

units of the SI, is named the International System of Quantities, denoted “ISQ”, in all languages. This

name was not used in ISO 31, from which the present harmonized series has evolved. However, ISQ

[8]

does appear in ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 and in the SI Brochure , Edition 8:2006. In both cases, this was

to ensure consistency with the new Quantities and units series that was under preparation at the time

they were published; it had already been announced that the new term would be used. It should be

realized, however, that ISQ is simply a convenient notation to assign to the essentially infinite and

continually evolving and expanding system of quantities and equations on which all of modern science

and technology rests. ISQ is a shorthand notation for the “system of quantities on which the SI is based”,

which was the phrase used for this system in ISO 31.
0.2 Units
A syste
...

PROJET DE NORME INTERNATIONALE
ISO/DIS 80000-1
ISO/TC 12 Secrétariat: SIS
Début de vote: Vote clos le:
2017-04-14 2017-07-07
Grandeurs et unités —
Partie 1:
Généralités
Quantities and units —
Part 1: General
ICS: 01.060

Le présent document est distribué tel qu’il est parvenu du secrétariat du comité.

CE DOCUMENT EST UN PROJET DIFFUSÉ POUR
OBSERVATIONS ET APPROBATION. IL EST DONC
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ISO/DIS 80000-1:2017(F) ISO/DIS 80000-1:2017(F)
Sommaire Page

Avant-propos ................................................................................................................................................................... v

Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................... vi

0.1 Grandeurs ......................................................................................................................................................... vi

0.2 Unités ................................................................................................................................................................ vii

0.3 Réalisation des valeurs d’unités.............................................................................................................. vii

0.4 Disposition des tableaux ............................................................................................................................ vii

1 Domaine d’application ................................................................................................................................... 9

2 Références normatives .................................................................................................................................. 9

3 Termes et définitions ..................................................................................................................................... 9

4 Grandeurs ........................................................................................................................................................ 21

4.1 Le concept de grandeur .............................................................................................................................. 21

4.2 Nature de grandeur — Algèbre des grandeurs .................................................................................. 21

4.3 Système de grandeurs ─ Grandeurs de base et grandeurs dérivées .......................................... 21

4.4 Constantes universelles et constantes empiriques .......................................................................... 22

4.5 Les multiplicateurs constants dans les équations aux grandeurs .............................................. 22

4.6 Système international de grandeurs, ISQ ............................................................................................ 23

5 Dimensions de grandeurs .......................................................................................................................... 23

6 Unités ................................................................................................................................................................ 24

6.1 Unités et valeurs numériques .................................................................................................................. 24

6.2 Opérations mathématiques ...................................................................................................................... 25

6.3 Équations aux grandeurs et équations aux valeurs numériques ................................................ 25

6.4 Systèmes cohérents d’unités .................................................................................................................... 26

6.5 Le Système international d’unités, SI .................................................................................................... 26

6.5.1 Généralités ...................................................................................................................................................... 26

6.5.2 Unités SI de base ........................................................................................................................................... 27

6.5.3 Unités SI dérivées ......................................................................................................................................... 27

6.5.4 Préfixes SI ........................................................................................................................................................ 29

6.5.5 L’unité un ......................................................................................................................................................... 30

6.5.6 Autres unités .................................................................................................................................................. 31

7 Règles d’impression ..................................................................................................................................... 33

7.1 Symboles de grandeurs .............................................................................................................................. 33

7.1.1 Généralités ...................................................................................................................................................... 33

7.1.2 Indices ............................................................................................................................................................... 33

7.1.3 Combinaison des symboles de grandeurs ........................................................................................... 34

DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT 7.1.4 Expression des grandeurs ......................................................................................................................... 35

7.2 Noms et symboles des unité ...................................................................................................................... 36

© ISO 2017, Publié en Suisse

7.2.1 Généralités ...................................................................................................................................................... 36

Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée

7.2.2 Combinaison des symboles d’unités ...................................................................................................... 37

sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie, l’affichage sur

7.2.3 Préfixes ............................................................................................................................................................. 37

l’internet ou sur un Intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Les demandes d’autorisation peuvent être adressées à l’ISO à

l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.

7.2.4 Noms français des unités composées .................................................................................................... 37

ISO copyright office

7.2.5 Orthographe des noms des grandeurs et des unités en anglais et en français ...................... 38

Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401

7.3 Nombres ........................................................................................................................................................... 38

CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland

7.3.1 Généralités ...................................................................................................................................................... 38

Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
[e-mail]
www.iso.org
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iii
ii © ISO 2017 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO/DIS 80000-1:2017(F)
Sommaire Page

Avant-propos ................................................................................................................................................................... v

Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................... vi

0.1 Grandeurs ......................................................................................................................................................... vi

0.2 Unités ................................................................................................................................................................ vii

0.3 Réalisation des valeurs d’unités.............................................................................................................. vii

0.4 Disposition des tableaux ............................................................................................................................ vii

1 Domaine d’application ................................................................................................................................... 9

2 Références normatives .................................................................................................................................. 9

3 Termes et définitions ..................................................................................................................................... 9

4 Grandeurs ........................................................................................................................................................ 21

4.1 Le concept de grandeur .............................................................................................................................. 21

4.2 Nature de grandeur — Algèbre des grandeurs .................................................................................. 21

4.3 Système de grandeurs ─ Grandeurs de base et grandeurs dérivées .......................................... 21

4.4 Constantes universelles et constantes empiriques .......................................................................... 22

4.5 Les multiplicateurs constants dans les équations aux grandeurs .............................................. 22

4.6 Système international de grandeurs, ISQ ............................................................................................ 23

5 Dimensions de grandeurs .......................................................................................................................... 23

6 Unités ................................................................................................................................................................ 24

6.1 Unités et valeurs numériques .................................................................................................................. 24

6.2 Opérations mathématiques ...................................................................................................................... 25

6.3 Équations aux grandeurs et équations aux valeurs numériques ................................................ 25

6.4 Systèmes cohérents d’unités .................................................................................................................... 26

6.5 Le Système international d’unités, SI .................................................................................................... 26

6.5.1 Généralités ...................................................................................................................................................... 26

6.5.2 Unités SI de base ........................................................................................................................................... 27

6.5.3 Unités SI dérivées ......................................................................................................................................... 27

6.5.4 Préfixes SI ........................................................................................................................................................ 29

6.5.5 L’unité un ......................................................................................................................................................... 30

6.5.6 Autres unités .................................................................................................................................................. 31

7 Règles d’impression ..................................................................................................................................... 33

7.1 Symboles de grandeurs .............................................................................................................................. 33

7.1.1 Généralités ...................................................................................................................................................... 33

7.1.2 Indices ............................................................................................................................................................... 33

7.1.3 Combinaison des symboles de grandeurs ........................................................................................... 34

7.1.4 Expression des grandeurs ......................................................................................................................... 35

7.2 Noms et symboles des unité ...................................................................................................................... 36

7.2.1 Généralités ...................................................................................................................................................... 36

7.2.2 Combinaison des symboles d’unités ...................................................................................................... 37

7.2.3 Préfixes ............................................................................................................................................................. 37

7.2.4 Noms français des unités composées .................................................................................................... 37

7.2.5 Orthographe des noms des grandeurs et des unités en anglais et en français ...................... 38

7.3 Nombres ........................................................................................................................................................... 38

7.3.1 Généralités ...................................................................................................................................................... 38

© ISO 2017 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO/DIS 80000-1:2017(F)

7.3.2 Signe décimal ................................................................................................................................................. 39

7.3.3 Multiplication et division .......................................................................................................................... 39

7.3.4 Erreur et incertitude ................................................................................................................................... 40

7.4 Éléments chimiques et nucléides ........................................................................................................... 41

7.5 Alphabet grec ................................................................................................................................................. 43

Annexe A (normative) Termes dans les noms des grandeurs physiques ............................................... 44

A.1 Généralités ...................................................................................................................................................... 44

A.2 Coefficients, facteurs ................................................................................................................................... 44

A.3 Paramètres, nombres, rapports .............................................................................................................. 45

A.4 Niveaux ............................................................................................................................................................ 46

A.5 Constantes....................................................................................................................................................... 46

A.6 Termes d’application générale ............................................................................................................... 47

Annexe B (normative) Arrondissage des nombres ......................................................................................... 49

Annexe C (normative) Grandeurs logarithmiques et leurs unités ............................................................ 52

C.1 Généralités ...................................................................................................................................................... 52

C.2 Grandeurs logarithmiques racines de puissance ............................................................................. 52

C.3 Grandeurs logarithmiques de puissance ............................................................................................. 53

C.4 Grandeurs logarithmiques de la théorie de l’information ............................................................ 53

Annexe D (informative) Organisations internationales dans le domaine des grandeurs et

unités ................................................................................................................................................................ 54

D.1 JCGM .................................................................................................................................................................. 54

D.2 CGPM ― CIPM ― BIPM ................................................................................................................................. 54

D.3 IEC ― IEC/CE 25 ............................................................................................................................................. 54

D.4 IFCC .................................................................................................................................................................... 54

D.5 ILAC ................................................................................................................................................................... 54

D.6 ISO ― ISO/TC 12 ............................................................................................................................................ 54

D.7 UICPA ................................................................................................................................................................ 54

D.8 UIPPA ................................................................................................................................................................ 54

D.9 OIML ― CGML ― CIML ― BIML .................................................................................................................. 55

Bibliographie ............................................................................................................................................................... 56

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ISO/DIS 80000-1:2017(F) ISO/DIS 80000-1:2017(F)

7.3.2 Signe décimal ................................................................................................................................................. 39

7.3.3 Multiplication et division .......................................................................................................................... 39

7.3.4 Erreur et incertitude ................................................................................................................................... 40

7.4 Éléments chimiques et nucléides ........................................................................................................... 41

Avant-propos

7.5 Alphabet grec ................................................................................................................................................. 43

Annexe A (normative) Termes dans les noms des grandeurs physiques ............................................... 44 L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d’organismes

A.1 Généralités ...................................................................................................................................................... 44 nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l’ISO). L’élaboration des Normes internationales

A.2 Coefficients, facteurs ................................................................................................................................... 44

est en général confiée aux comités techniques de l’ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une

A.3 Paramètres, nombres, rapports .............................................................................................................. 45

étude a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations

A.4 Niveaux ............................................................................................................................................................ 46

internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l’ISO participent

A.5 Constantes....................................................................................................................................................... 46

également aux travaux. L’ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique

A.6 Termes d’application générale ............................................................................................................... 47

internationale (IEC) en ce qui concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.

Annexe B (normative) Arrondissage des nombres ......................................................................................... 49

Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont

Annexe C (normative) Grandeurs logarithmiques et leurs unités ............................................................ 52

décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier de prendre note des

C.1 Généralités ...................................................................................................................................................... 52

différents critères d’approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent

C.2 Grandeurs logarithmiques racines de puissance ............................................................................. 52

document a été rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC,

C.3 Grandeurs logarithmiques de puissance ............................................................................................. 53

Partie 2 (voir www.iso.org/directives).

C.4 Grandeurs logarithmiques de la théorie de l’information ............................................................ 53

Annexe D (informative) Organisations internationales dans le domaine des grandeurs et L’attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire

unités ................................................................................................................................................................ 54 l’objet de droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L’ISO ne saurait être tenue pour

D.1 JCGM .................................................................................................................................................................. 54

responsable de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les

D.2 CGPM ― CIPM ― BIPM ................................................................................................................................. 54

détails concernant les références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues

D.3 IEC ― IEC/CE 25 ............................................................................................................................................. 54

identifiés lors de l’élaboration du document sont indiqués dans l’Introduction et/ou dans la liste

D.4 IFCC .................................................................................................................................................................... 54

des déclarations de brevets reçues par l’ISO (voir www.iso.org/brevets).

D.5 ILAC ................................................................................................................................................................... 54

D.6 ISO ― ISO/TC 12 ............................................................................................................................................ 54

Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont

D.7 UICPA ................................................................................................................................................................ 54

données pour information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient

D.8 UIPPA ................................................................................................................................................................ 54

constituer un engagement.

D.9 OIML ― CGML ― CIML ― BIML .................................................................................................................. 55

Pour une explication de la signification des termes et expressions spécifiques de l’ISO liés à

Bibliographie ............................................................................................................................................................... 56

l’évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l’adhésion de l’ISO aux

principes de l’OMC concernant les obstacles techniques au commerce (OTC), voir le lien suivant :

www.iso.org/iso/fr/foreword.html.

Le comité chargé de l’élaboration du présent document est l’ISO/TC 12, Grandeurs et unités, en

collaboration avec l’IEC/CE 25, Grandeurs et unités.

Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition (ISO 80000-1:2009) qui a fait l’objet

d’une révision technique.

Une liste de toutes les parties de la série de norme ISO 80000 peut être consultée sur le site de l’ISO.

© ISO 2017 – Tous droits réservés © ISO 2017 – Tous droits réservés
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ISO/DIS 80000-1:2017(F)
Introduction
0.1 Grandeurs

Les systèmes de grandeurs et les systèmes d’unités peuvent être traités de nombreuses manières

cohérentes mais différentes. Le traitement à appliquer n’est qu’une question de convention.

La présentation donnée dans la présente Norme internationale, Grandeurs et unités, est celle qui est à la

base du Système international d’unités (SI) adopté par la Conférence générale des poids et mesures

(CGPM).

Les grandeurs et les relations entre grandeurs utilisées ici sont celles dont l’usage est accepté de

manière quasi universelle dans les sciences physiques. Elles sont aujourd’hui présentées dans la

majorité des manuels scientifiques et tous les scientifiques et ingénieurs les connaissent.

Il existe, en principe, un nombre infini de grandeurs et de relations entre elles, et elles évoluent

continuellement, suivant le développement de nouveaux domaines dans les sciences et les techniques.

Il est donc impossible de dresser la liste de toutes ces grandeurs et relations dans la présente

Norme internationale ; une sélection des grandeurs les plus fréquemment utilisées et des relations

entre elles est présentée à la place.

Il est inévitable que certains lecteurs travaillant dans des domaines spécialisés ne trouvent pas les

grandeurs qui les intéressent dans la présente Norme internationale ou dans une autre

Norme internationale. Cependant, s’ils peuvent relier leurs grandeurs à des exemples plus courants

figurant dans la liste, cela ne les empêchera pas de définir des unités pour celles-ci.

La plupart des unités utilisées pour exprimer les valeurs des grandeurs d’intérêt ont été développées et

utilisées longtemps avant le développement du concept de système de grandeurs. Néanmoins, les

relations entre les grandeurs, qui sont simplement les équations des sciences physiques, sont

importantes, car les relations ent
...