ISO/FDIS 10675-1

Non-destructive testing of welds -- Acceptance levels for radiographic testing

Essais non destructifs des assemblages soudés -- Niveaux d'acceptation pour évaluation par radiographie

General Information

• Status: Published
• ICS: 25.160.40 - Welded joints and welds
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 44/SC 5 - Testing and inspection of welds
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 44/SC 5/WG 1 - Radiographic testing of welds
• Current Stage: 4099 - Full report circulated: DIS approved for registration as FDIS
• Start Date: 20-May-2021

RELATIONS

• Revised: ISO 10675-1:2016 - Non-destructive testing of welds -- Acceptance levels for radiographic testing
• Effective Date: 23-Apr-2020

Standards Content (sample)

FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 10675-1
ISO/TC 44/SC 5
Non-destructive testing of welds —
Secretariat: AFNOR
Acceptance levels for radiographic
Voting begins on:
2021-09-09 testing —
Voting terminates on:
Part 1:
2021-11-04
Steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys
Essais non destructifs des assemblages soudés — Niveaux
d'acceptation pour évaluation par radiographie —
Partie 1: Acier, nickel, titane et leurs alliages
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/FDIS 10675-1:2021(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. ISO 2021
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ISO/FDIS 10675-1:2021(E)
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© ISO 2021

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ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
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ISO/FDIS 10675-1:2021(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4 Symbols and abbreviations ....................................................................................................................................................................... 1

5 Radiographic technique ................................................................................................................................................................................ 2

6 General ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2

7 Acceptance levels ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3

Annex A (informative) Guidance to the limitations of radiographic testing ...............................................................6

Annex B (informative) Examples for determination of area percentage (%) of imperfections .............7

Annex C (normative) Calculation of the sum of acceptable areas .......................................................................................... 9

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................13

© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO/FDIS 10675-1:2021(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the

World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/

iso/ foreword .html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 44, Welding and allied processes,

Subcommittee SC 5, Testing and inspection of welds, in collaboration with the European Committee for

Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 121, Welding and allied processes, in accordance

with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).

This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 10675-1:2016), which has been

technically revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— new Table 1 added with abbreviations;
— old Table 1 has been split into Table 2 and Table 3;

— in Table 4 (former Table 2), acceptance levels for maximum permissible pore sizes of porosity,

clustered porosity, linear porosity and of lack of fusion have been added;
— the acceptance levels in Clause 6 have been extended (General and tables);

— the captures of Figure B.1 to B.9 have been revised to conform with ISO 5817:2014;

— Figures C.1, C.2 and the text have been revised to conform with ISO 5817:2014;
— the document has been editorially revised.
A list of all parts of the ISO 10675 series can be found on the ISO website.

Official interpretations of ISO/TC 44 documents, where they exist, are available from this page: https://

committee .iso .org/ sites/ tc44/ home/ interpretation .html.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A

complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
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FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 10675-1:2021(E)
Non-destructive testing of welds — Acceptance levels for
radiographic testing —
Part 1:
Steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys
1 Scope

This document specifies acceptance levels for indications from imperfections in butt welds of steel,

nickel, titanium and their alloys detected by radiographic testing. If agreed, the acceptance levels can

be applied to other types of welds (such as fillet welds, etc.) or materials.

The acceptance levels can be related to welding standards, application standards, specifications or

codes. This document assumes that the radiographic testing has been carried out in accordance with

ISO 17636-1 for RT-F (F = film) or ISO 17636-2 for RT-S (S = radioscopy) and RT-D (D = digital detectors).

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 5817, Welding — Fusion-welded joints in steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys (beam welding

excluded) — Quality levels for imperfections

ISO 6520-1, Welding and allied processes — Classification of geometric imperfections in metallic

materials — Part 1: Fusion welding

ISO 17636-1, Non-destructive testing of welds — Radiographic testing — Part 1: X- and gamma-ray

techniques with film

ISO 17636-2, Non-destructive testing of welds — Radiographic testing — Part 2: X- and gamma-ray

techniques with digital detectors

ISO 17637, Non-destructive testing of welds — Visual testing of fusion-welded joints

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5817 apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this document, the symbols given in Table 1 apply
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ISO/FDIS 10675-1:2021(E)
Table 1 — Symbols

A is the sum of projected areas of indications related to each L × w in percentage (see Annex B);

b is the width of excess penetration of weld, in millimetres;
D Distance between indications
d is the diameter of pore, in millimetres;

d is the diameter of area surrounding a group of gas holes (e.g. clustered porosity), in millimetres;

h is the width of indication, the width or height of surface or cross surface imperfection, in millimetres;

l is the length of indication, in millimetres (see also Figure C.3 and Figure C.4 for linear porosity);

L any 100 mm testing length, in millimetres (equivalent to l in ISO 5817);
s is the nominal butt weld thickness, in millimetres (see also ISO 2553);
t is the material thickness, in millimetres;
w is the width of the weld, in millimetres;

is the summary length of imperfections within L (indications shall not be divided into different ranges

L).
5 Radiographic technique

Depending on the weld quality level, radiographic techniques class A or class B in accordance with

ISO 17636-1 shall be used for RT-F as shown in Table 2 and radiographic techniques class A or class B in

accordance with ISO 17636-2 shall be used for RT-S or RT-D as shown in Table 3.
Table 2 — Radiographic testing with film (RT-F)
Testing techniques and classes
Quality levels in accordance Acceptance levels in accordance
in accordance with ISO 17636-1
with ISO 5817 with this document
for RT-F
B B 1
C B 2
D A 3

However, the minimum number of exposures for circumferential weld testing can correspond to the requirements of

class A of ISO 17636-1.

Table 3 — Radiographic testing with radioscopy (RT-S) and radiographic testing with digital

detectors (RT-D)
Testing techniques and classes
Quality levels in accordance Acceptance levels in accordance
in accordance with ISO 17636-2
with ISO 5817 with this document
for RT-S and RT-D
B B 1
C B 2
D A 3

However, the minimum number of exposures for circumferential weld testing can correspond to the requirements of

class A of ISO 17636-2.
6 General

Accessible areas of welded joints shall be visually tested in accordance with ISO 17637 and evaluated

before radiographic testing. ISO 17635 provides information on the NDT for testing and evaluation of

[3]

fusion welds in metallic materials. The IIW Reference radiographs may be used for assessment of

weld imperfections according to ISO 5817 with examples of weld imperfections and its evaluation.

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ISO/FDIS 10675-1:2021(E)

The acceptance levels of this document are basically valid for evaluation of imperfections which cannot

be detected and evaluated by visual testing (see Table 3). Surface imperfections (see Table 4; such as

undercut and excessive penetration, surface damage, weld spatter, etc.) which cannot be evaluated by

visual testing due to object geometry, but where the interpreter suspects that the ISO 5817 quality

levels are not fulfilled, shall be subject to more specific testing for quantification.

When quantification of undercut and/or excessive penetration by radiographic testing is required,

specific procedures using test exposures may be applied in order to establish a basis for approximate

quantification in accordance with the requirements of ISO 5817. This shall be specified in the adopted

specification/procedure.

When assessing whether a weld meets the requirements specified for a weld quality level, the sizes of

imperfections permitted by this document are compared with the dimensions of indications revealed

by a radiograph made of the weld.
7 Acceptance levels

The acceptance levels for indications are shown in Table 3 and Table 4. The types of imperfections are

selected from ISO 5817 and specified in ISO 6520-1 (see Annex A).
Any two
...