ASTM B851-04(2020)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Automated Controlled Shot Peening of Metallic Articles Prior to Nickel, Autocatalytic Nickel, or Chromium Plating, or as Final Finish
Standard Specification for Automated Controlled Shot Peening of Metallic Articles Prior to Nickel, Autocatalytic Nickel, or Chromium Plating, or as Final Finish
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for automated, controlled shot peening of metallic articles prior to electrolytic or autocatalytic deposition of nickel or chromium, or as a final finish, using shot made of cast steel, conditioned cut wire, or ceramic media. The process is applicable to those materials on which test work has shown it to be beneficial within given intensity ranges. It is not suitable for brittle materials. Hand peening and rotary flap peening are excluded specifically. Shot peening induces residual compressive stresses in the surface and near-surface layers of metallic articles, controlling or limiting the reduction in fatigue properties that occurs from nickel or chromium plating of the article, or the fatigue properties of unplated articles. It is a process for cold working surfaces by bombarding the product with shot of a solid and spherical nature propelled at a relatively high velocity. Cast steel, cut wire, and ceramic shot shall all be spherical in shape and shall all be free of sharp edges, corners, and broken pieces. Prior to shot peening, the following operations shall be done first: heat treatment, machining, grinding, flaw test, crack test, corrosion detection, cleaning, and masking. Peened surfaces shall be uniform in appearance and completely dented so that the original surface is obliterated entirely. After shot peening, the following methods shall be done: residual shot removal, surface finishing, chemical cleaning of nonferrous metals and their alloys, thermal and heat treatments, and corrosion protection.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Shot peening is a process for cold working surfaces by bombarding the product with shot of a solid and spherical nature propelled at a relatively high velocity. In general, shot peening will increase the fatigue life of a product that is subject to bending or torsional stress. It will improve resistance to stress corrosion cracking. It can be used to form parts or correct their shapes. See Appendix X1 for additional information.
5.2 It is essential that the shot peening process parameters be controlled rigidly to ensure repeatability from part to part and lot to lot.
5.3 This specification covers techniques and methods necessary for proper control of the shot peening process.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for automated, controlled shot peening of metallic articles prior to electrolytic or autocatalytic deposition of nickel or chromium, or as a final finish, using shot made of cast steel, conditioned cut wire, or ceramic media. The process is applicable to those materials on which test work has shown it to be beneficial within given intensity ranges. It is not suitable for brittle materials. Hand peening and rotary flap peening are excluded specifically.
1.2 Shot peening induces residual compressive stresses in the surface and near-surface layers of metallic articles, controlling or limiting the reduction in fatigue properties that occurs from nickel or chromium plating of the article, or the fatigue properties of unplated articles.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:B851 −04 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Specification for
Automated Controlled Shot Peening of Metallic Articles
Prior to Nickel, Autocatalytic Nickel, or Chromium Plating,
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or as Final Finish
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B851; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for
B183 Practice for Preparation of Low-Carbon Steel for
automated, controlled shot peening of metallic articles prior to
Electroplating
electrolytic or autocatalytic deposition of nickel or chromium,
B242 Guide for Preparation of High-Carbon Steel for Elec-
or as a final finish, using shot made of cast steel, conditioned
troplating
cut wire, or ceramic media. The process is applicable to those
B320 Practice for Preparation of Iron Castings for Electro-
materials on which test work has shown it to be beneficial
plating
within given intensity ranges. It is not suitable for brittle
B322 Guide for Cleaning Metals Prior to Electroplating
materials. Hand peening and rotary flap peening are excluded
B607 Specification forAutocatalytic Nickel Boron Coatings
specifically.
for Engineering Use
1.2 Shot peening induces residual compressive stresses in
B650 Specification for Electrodeposited Engineering Chro-
the surface and near-surface layers of metallic articles, control-
mium Coatings on Ferrous Substrates
ling or limiting the reduction in fatigue properties that occurs
B656 Guide for Autocatalytic (Electroless) Nickel-
from nickel or chromium plating of the article, or the fatigue
Phosphorus Deposition on Metals for Engineering Use
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properties of unplated articles.
(Discontinued 2000) (Withdrawn 2000)
B689 Specification for Electroplated Engineering Nickel
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Coatings
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
B733 Specification for Autocatalytic (Electroless) Nickel-
standard.
Phosphorus Coatings on Metal
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the Sieves
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- E165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for General
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- Industry
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing
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2.2 Federal Standards:
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
QQ-N-290 Nickel Plating (Electrodeposited)
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
QQ-C-320 Chromium Plating (Electrodeposited)
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
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2.3 Military Standards:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
MIL-S-851 Steel Grit, Shot, and Cut Wire Shot, and Iron
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Grit and Shot Blast Cleaning and Peening
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
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This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Metallic and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee the ASTM website.
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B08.02 on Pre Treatment. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2020. Published December 2020. Originally www.astm.org.
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approvedin1994.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2014asB851 – 04(2014).DOI:
AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
10.1520/B0851-04R20. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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B851−04 (2020)
MIL-S-13165 Shot Peening of Metal Parts 3.1.2 Almen strip holding fixture—a fixture for holding
MIL-C-26074 Coating, Electroless Nickel Almen strips in suitable locations that represent the position
MIL-STD-45662 Calibration System Requirements andangularorientationofthesurfacesofapartwhereintensity
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is to be determined and verified (see Fig. 2).
2.4 SAE Standards:
SAE J441 Cut Steel Wire Shot
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