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ASTM E2485/E2485M-13(2018)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Freeze/Thaw Resistance of Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) and Water Resistive Barrier Coatings

Standard Test Method for Freeze/Thaw Resistance of Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) and Water Resistive Barrier Coatings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Resistance to freezing and thawing is a factor when determining the durability of EIFS, an EIFS with water-resistive barrier coatings, and water-resistive barrier coatings by itself.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the effect of freezing and thawing of exterior insulation and finish systems (EIFS), an EIFS with water-resistive barrier coatings, and water-resistive barrier coatings by itself.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Aug-2018
ICS
91.120.30 - Waterproofing
Technical Committee
E06 - Performance of Buildings
Drafting Committee
E06.58 - Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS)
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM E631-14 - Standard Terminology of Building Constructions
Effective Date
01-Nov-2014
Refers
ASTM E631-15 - Standard Terminology of Building Constructions
Effective Date
01-Mar-2015
Refers
ASTM E2110-17 - Standard Terminology for Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS)
Effective Date
15-Jan-2017
Referred By
ASTM E2570/E2570M-07(2019) - Standard Test Methods for Evaluating Water-Resistive Barrier (WRB) Coatings Used under Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) or EIFS with Drainage
Effective Date
01-Sep-2018
Referred By
ASTM E2568-17a - Standard Specification for PB Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems
Effective Date
01-Sep-2018

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ASTM E2485/E2485M-13(2018) - Standard Test Method for Freeze/Thaw Resistance of Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) and Water Resistive Barrier CoatingsASTM E2485/E2485M-13(2018) - Standard Test Method for Freeze/Thaw Resistance of Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) and Water Resistive Barrier Coatings
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ASTM E2485/E2485M-13(2018) - Standard Test Method for Freeze/Thaw Resistance of Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) and Water Resistive Barrier Coatings
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2485/E2485M − 13 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Method for
Freeze/Thaw Resistance of Exterior Insulation and Finish
1
Systems (EIFS) and Water Resistive Barrier Coatings
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE2485/E2485M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
3.1 For general terminology regarding EIFS and building in
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the
general, see Terminology E2110 (for EIFS terms) and Termi-
effect of freezing and thawing of exterior insulation and finish
nology E631 (for buildings in general).
systems (EIFS), an EIFS with water-resistive barrier coatings,
and water-resistive barrier coatings by itself.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
4.1 Specimens are subjected to cycles of freezing and
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
thawing. Surface changes, viewed at 5× magnification, are
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
examined for signs of deleterious effects, such as cracking,
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining crazing,checking,blistering,peeling,delamination,orerosion.
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
5. Significance and Use
with the standard.
5.1 Resistance to freezing and thawing is a factor when
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
determining the durability of EIFS, an EIFS with water-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
resistive barrier coatings, and water-resistive barrier coatings
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
by itself.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and to
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to
6. Apparatus
use.
6.1 Compressor, Freezing Chamber, and Circulator—Of
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
such design and capacity that the temperature of the air in the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
freezing chamber shall not exceed −9°C [16°F] 1 h after
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
introducing the maximum charge of units. The initial tempera-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
ture will not exceed 32°C [90°F].
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
6.2 TraysandContainers—Willbeshallow,metal,andhave
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1 1
an inside depth of 38.1 6 12.7 mm [1 ⁄2 6 ⁄2 in.] and be of
suitable strength and size so that the tray with a charge of
2. Referenced Documents
frozen units can be removed from the freezing chamber by one
2
person.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E631Terminology of Building Constructions 6.3 Thawing Tank—Should permit complete submersion of
E2110Terminology for Exterior Insulation and Finish Sys- the specimens in their trays.Adequate means shall be provided
tems (EIFS) sothatthewaterinthetankmaybekeptatatemperatureof24
6 5.5°C [75 6 10°F].
6.4 Drying Room—Maintained at a temperature of 24 6
1
8°C [75 6 15°F], with a relative humidity between 30 and
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on
Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.58
70%. The drying room should be free from drafts.
on Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS).
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018. Published September 2018. Originally
7. Test Specimens
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as E2485/E2485M–13.
DOI: 10.1520/E2485_E2485M-13R18.
7.1 Water-Resistive Barrier Coatings
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
7.1.1 Prepare a minimum of five test specimens measuring
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2 2
a minimum of 150 mm [6 in. ] for each substrate that will be
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. evaluated.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2485/E2485M − 13 (2018)
7.1.2 For sheathing substrates, two sheathing sections shall 9.1.5 Remove the trays from the freezing chamber after 20
1
be assembled with a 3.2-mm [ ⁄8-in.] joint. The joint shall be 6 1 h and submerge the test specimens in the water-thawing
1
treated as
...

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5.1 This guide may be used by public agencies to set standards affecting the weather resistance, durability, and performance of new building wall systems, exterior deck and stair components, doors, windows, penetrations and sealant joints beyond those specifically defined in the building codes.  
5.2 This guide may be used by building field inspectors as a resource for construction inspection during the construction phase of a project.  
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1.1 This guide describes design, specification, selection, installation, and inspection of new building wall systems, exterior deck and stair components, doors, windows, penetrations and sealant joints of wood and metal frame buildings, typically four stories or less, to minimize water intrusion.  
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1.4 This guide does not address any type of barrier wall system.  
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1.6 This guide does not address foundation conditions where the bottom of a slab on grade or the grade of a crawl space is at or below the water table or subject to hydrostatic pressure.  
1.7 This guide is intended to supplement and not duplicate building code requirements.  
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1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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1.13 Organization of Document:    
Section  
Scope  
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Referenced Documents  
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Terminology  
3  
Summary of Guide  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
General Design Principles  
6  
Design Practices  
7  
General Guidelines  
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Drainage Wall Cladding—Portland Cement Plaster (Stucco)  
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4.1 As the building industry shifts towards performance-based design, specification of material properties consistent with anticipated in-service conditions becomes paramount to the design process. When specifying water vapor transmission properties, it is important to identify water vapor transmission properties for WRB/AB products that are measured under test conditions relevant to anticipated in-service conditions. This guide provides a performance-based framework for characterizing the water vapor transmission properties of WRB/AB.  
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1.1 This document provides guidelines for specifying water vapor transmission (WVT) properties for above-grade water-resistive barriers and air barriers (WRB/AB), typically installed between building structural components and cladding that compose the exterior side of building envelopes in North America.  
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5.1 The purpose of this test is to obtain steady state values of water vapor transfer through the EIFS sample. This characteristic of EIFS is commonly requested by regulatory and design organizations, and is used in thermal and moisture studies of building walls. The degree to which an EIFS allows water vapor to pass through it can affect the performance of an EIFS wall assembly.  
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1.1 This practice describes how to use Test Methods E96/E96M to determine the water vapor transmission (WVT) characteristics of an EIFS sample.  
1.2 An Exterior Insulation and Finish System (EIFS) is a multilayer exterior building wall material that consists of a number of layers. For the purpose of this standard, these layers, whether they be individual EIFS component materials in single layers, or groups of EIFS component materials, are called the “EIFS sample.”  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this test method is to assess the installation adequacy and the overall effects of service-related deterioration (moisture, etc.) on the EIFS wall assembly as opposed to small localized areas of degradation. Resistance to pull testing as determined by this test is used as one of the factors in evaluating the EIFS assembly on a specific project. The values obtained by this test method are not purported to be representative of the actual wind load capacity or other structural properties of a specific EIFS clad wall installation, but may be helpful in assessing such load capacities.  
4.2 Since this test is used for field evaluation of existing facilities, load results obtained from this test must be interpreted based on sound engineering practice, applicable building regulations, and codes having jurisdiction. It is the discretion of the test specifier to directly utilize the results derived by this test method, or else to utilize the test results with an appropriate factor of safety to obtain acceptable working loads for each project.  
4.3 This method is intended for use on test specimens occurring or installed on existing buildings. The loss of outward wind load resistance of an EIFS wall assembly after exposure to moisture and other weather conditions may compromise the ability of the cladding or other wall components to perform adequately in place. This test method does not provide any means by which the test results may be generalized to the larger wall area. Such efforts should be based on experience and engineering judgement.  
4.4 The manner in which the test load is applied may affect the load capacity obtained from using this test method. A discussion of various load application techniques and their effects is given in Appendix X1.
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1.1 This test method covers a procedure to determine the resistance of a section of the exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS) to outward loads imposed on an existing exterior wall assembly that has been in place on the building for an unspecified period of time. It is destructive in nature within the localized areas tested and requires appropriate repair of the EIFS cladding and sheathing once the test procedure has been completed. This test procedure utilizes mechanical methods to obtain information, which may be helpful in evaluating the natural application of negative wind loads on the EIFS assembly. Some variability of results should be anticipated within the wall assembly tested due to differences in installation procedures, exposure, or abuse subsequent to application.  
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1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
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ASTM E1677-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Air Barrier (AB) Material or Assemblies for Low-Rise Framed Building Walls

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the minimum performance and acceptance criteria for an air barrier (AB) material or system for framed walls of low-rise buildings with the service life of the building wall in mind. The provisions contained in this specification are intended to allow the user to design the wall performance criteria and increase AB specifications to accommodate a particular climate location, function, or design of the intended building. This specification focuses mainly on ABs for opaque walls. Other areas of the exterior envelope, such as roofs, floors, and interfaces between these areas are not included in this specification. Also not addressed here are air leakages into the wall cavity, that is, windwashing. Additionally, the specifications in this standard are not intended to be utilized for energy load calculations and are not based on an expected level of energy consumption.
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1.1 This specification covers minimum performances and specification criteria for an air barrier (AB) material or system for framed walls of low-rise buildings. The intended users are purchasers of the AB, specifiers of the AB and regulatory groups. The provisions contained in this specification are intended to allow the user to design the wall performance criteria and increase AB specifications to accommodate a particular climate location, function, or design of the intended building. Air barrier performance and specification minimums were selected with the service life of the building wall in mind.  
1.2 This specification focuses on ABs for opaque walls. Other areas of the exterior envelope, such as roofs, floors, and interfaces between these areas are not included in this specification.  
1.3 This specification does not address air leakage into the wall cavity, that is, windwashing. No standardized test has been developed that adequately identifies all of the influencing factors and measures the impact of this effect on the wall's thermal performance.  
1.4 The specifications in this standard are not intended to be utilized for energy load calculations and are not based on an expected level of energy consumption.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Annex A1, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C1501-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Color Stability of Building Construction Sealants as Determined by Laboratory Accelerated Weathering Procedures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended to induce color changes in sealants, as well as their constituent pigments, associated with end-use conditions, including the effects of sunlight, moisture, and heat. The exposures used in this test method are not intended to simulate the color change of a sealant caused by localized weathering phenomena, such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, or saltwater exposure.  
5.2 When conducting exposures in devices that use laboratory light sources, it is important to consider how well the artificial test conditions will reproduce property changes and failure modes associated with end-use environments for the sealant being tested. Information on the use and interpretation of data from accelerated exposure tests is provided in Practice G151.  
5.3 When this test method is used as part of a specification, exact procedure, test conditions, test duration and evaluation technique must be specified. Results obtained between the two procedures may vary, because the spectral power distribution of the light sources (fluorescent UV and xenon arc) differ. Sealants should not be compared to each other based on the results obtained in different types of apparatus.  
5.4 These devices are capable of matching ultraviolet solar radiation reasonably well. However, for sealants sensitive to long wavelength UV and visible solar radiation, the absence of this radiation in the fluorescent UV apparatus can distort color stability ranking when compared to exterior environment exposure.
Note 1: Refer to Practice G151 for full cautionary guidance regarding laboratory weathering of non-metallic materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes laboratory accelerated weathering procedures using either fluorescent ultraviolet or xenon arc test devices for determining the color stability of building construction sealants.  
1.2 Color stability rankings provided by these two procedures may not agree.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 There is no equivalent ISO standard for this test method.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C1498-04a(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Hygroscopic Sorption Isotherms of Building Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of these tests is to obtain, for a specified temperature, by means of a specified laboratory procedure, the values of the equilibrium moisture content at various levels of RH. These values are used either as means to characterize the material or as material characteristics needed as input to appropriate computer models that can simulate wetting or drying potential of individual building materials or material assemblies under specified environmental conditions.  
4.2 A specified value of the equilibrium moisture content can also be used for material characterization. If this type of material characterization is called for in a material specification (for example, mineral or cellulose fiber insulation), the equilibrium at 95 ± 3 %RH shall be used.  
4.3 For ease and repeatability of measurements, the measurements for characterization are performed on adsorption isotherms. Though desorption is the reverse of adsorption, most porous materials reach different equilibrium levels during these two processes. Usually, the equilibrium moisture content on the desorption isotherm is higher than that on the adsorption isotherm for the same level of RH.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method specifies a laboratory procedure for the determination of hygroscopic sorption isotherms of any construction materials. The method was originally developed for the ASTM Thermal Insulation committee.  
1.2 For material characterization, the primary emphasis is on the adsorption isotherm (that is, sorption isotherm that describes the wetting process of the material from the oven-dry condition).  
1.3 Determination of desorption isotherm, (that is, sorption isotherm that describes the drying process of a material from the state of absolute saturation with water) is performed when information on drying characteristics of construction materials is required. Typically both adsorption and desorption isotherms are required for the purpose of hygrothermal models.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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