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ASTM D4279-95

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers-Constant and Cycle Methods

Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers-Constant and Cycle Methods

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of water vapor transmission rates for bulk shipping containers, as follows:
1.1.1 Method A, for Reclosable Containers, and
1.1.2 Method B, for Containers Not Designed for Reclosing.
1.2 Within each procedure details are given for the constant and cycle methods of test atmosphere.
1.3 The test may be applied to the container as packed, or after one or more performance tests such as drum (Method D 782), vibration (Methods D 999), drop (Test Method D 5276), impact resistance (Test Methods D 880, D 4003, and D 5277), or performance tests (Practice D 4169), as required.
1.4 For small shipping containers requiring greater accuracy in weighing, the water vapor transmission may be determined in accordance with Test Method D 895 or Test Method D 1251.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Sep-1995
ICS
55.040 - Packaging materials and accessories
Technical Committee
D10 - Packaging
Drafting Committee
D10.21 - Shipping Containers and Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D4279-95(2003) - Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers-Constant and Cycle Methods
Effective Date
10-Sep-1995

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ASTM D4279-95 - Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers-Constant and Cycle MethodsASTM D4279-95 - Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers-Constant and Cycle Methods
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ASTM D4279-95 - Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers-Constant and Cycle Methods
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact
ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4279 – 95
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Methods for
Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers—
1
Constant and Cycle Methods
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
2
1. Scope Shipping Containers
D 4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of water
2
tainers and Systems
vapor transmission rates for bulk shipping containers, as
D 5276 Test Method for Drop Test of Loaded Containers by
follows:
2
Free Fall
1.1.1 Method A, for Reclosable Containers, and
D 5277 Test Method for Performing Programmed Horizon-
1.1.2 Method B, for Containers Not Designed for Reclos-
2
tal Impacts Using an Inclined Impact Tester
ing.
1.2 Within each procedure details are given for the constant
3. Terminology
and cycle methods of test atmosphere.
3.1 Definitions—General definitions for the packaging and
1.3 The test may be applied to the container as packed, or
distribution environments are found in Terminology D 996.
after one or more performance tests such as drum (Method
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: De-
D 782), vibration (Methods D 999), drop (Test Method
scriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
D 5276), impact resistance (Test Methods D 880, D 4003, and
3.2.1 water vapor transmission rate of a shipping container
D 5277), or performance tests (Practice D 4169), as required.
(constant atmosphere method)—for the purpose of this test
1.4 For small shipping containers requiring greater accuracy
method, the rate at which water is transmitted into the container
in weighing, the water vapor transmission may be determined
from the test atmosphere (normally of 90 6 2 % relative
in accordance with Test Method D 895 or Test Method D 1251.
humidity and a temperature of 100° 6 2°F (37.8°6 1.1°C)
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
surrounding it while a desiccant is sealed within.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.2 water vapor transmission into a container (cycle
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
atmosphere method)—for this test method, the amount of water
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
transmitted into the container from the test atmosphere during
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
one cycle while a desiccant is sealed within.
3.2.3 cycle—one series of test atmospheres to which the test
2. Referenced Documents
specimens are exposed. Normally one cycle will consist of 1
2.1 ASTM Standards:
week of exposure to a temperature of 0° 6 5°F (−17.8° 6
D 782 Method of Testing Shipping Containers in Revolving
2.8°C) to be followed by 3 weeks of exposure at a temperature
2
Hexagonal Drum
of 100° 6 2°F (37.8°6 1.1°C) and a relative humidity of 90 6
D 880 Method of Incline Impact Test for Shipping Contain-
2%.
2
ers
D 895 Test Method for Water Vapor Permeability of Pack- 4. Significance and Use
2
ages
4.1 These test methods are normally used for the following
D 996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
purposes:
2
ments
4.1.1 To evaluate materials and constructions for a specific
D 999 Methods for Vibration Testing of Shipping Contain-
type of container,
2
ers
4.1.2 To compare performance of different types of contain-
D 1251 Test Method for Water Vapor Permeability of Pack-
ers,
2
ages by Cycle Method
4.1.3 To determine adequacy of protection for a specific
D 4003 Methods of Controlled Horizontal Impact Test for
product or application, and
4.1.4 To maintain quality control.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-10 on
METHOD A—RECLOSABLE CONTAINERS
Packaging and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.23 on Storage Test
Methods.
5. Apparatus
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1995. Published November 1995. Originally
1
5.1 Desiccant—A desiccant shall be used that has a power-
published as D 4279 – 83. Last previous edition D 4279 – 83 (1995)e .
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09. ful affinity for water and a high drying efficiency, that is, a low
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE:¬This¬standard¬has¬either¬been¬superceded¬and¬replaced¬by¬a¬new¬version¬or¬discontinued.¬
Contact¬ASTM¬International¬(www.astm.org)¬for¬the¬latest¬information.¬
D 4279
vapor pressure after absorbing a large amount of water. The position where free acc
...

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ASTM D4279-95(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers—Constant and Cycle Methods

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4.1 These test methods are normally used for the following purposes:  
4.1.1 To evaluate materials and constructions for a specific type of container,  
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1.1 These test methods cover the determination of water vapor transmission rates for bulk shipping containers, as follows:  
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1.3 The test may be applied to the container as packed, or after one or more performance tests such as drum (Method D782), vibration (Methods D999), drop (Test Method D5276), impact resistance (Test Methods D880, D4003, and D5277), or performance tests (Practice D4169), as required.  
1.4 For small shipping containers requiring greater accuracy in weighing, the water vapor transmission may be determined in accordance with Test Method D895 or Test Method D1251.  
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1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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