ASTM B39-79(2018)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Nickel
Standard Specification for Nickel
ABSTRACT
This specification covers refined nickel primarily produced from ore or matte or similar raw material. Chemical analysis shall be performed on the metal and shall conform to the chemical composition requirements in nickel, cobalt, copper, carbon, iron, sulfur, phosphorus, manganese, silicon, arsenic, lead, antimony, bismuth, tin, and zinc. The principal commercial forms are cathodes, briquettes, and pellets. Cathodes shall be sampled using template drilling procedure.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers refined nickel primarily produced from ore or matte or similar raw material. The principal commercial forms are cathodes, briquettes, and pellets.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: B39 − 79 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Specification for
1
Nickel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B39; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 Name of material (nickel),
3.1.2 ASTM designation (E39),
1.1 This specification covers refined nickel primarily pro-
duced from ore or matte or similar raw material. The principal
3.1.3 Form (state whether cathodes, briquettes, or pellets),
commercial forms are cathodes, briquettes, and pellets.
and
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded 3.1.4 Size (Section 5).
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4. Chemical Composition
and are not considered standard.
4.1 The nickel shall conform to the requirements of Table 1.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.2 More restrictive compositions for certain products may
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
be available. The user is referred to his nickel supplier.
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar
with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided 5. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health,
5.1 The various forms and sizes commercially available are
and environmental practices, and determine the applicability
as follows:
of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Form Size
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- 1 1 5
Cathodes 1 ⁄2 by 1 ⁄4 by ⁄8 in. (38 by 32 by 16 mm)
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Briquettes pillow shaped, about by in. (38 by 32 by 16 mm)
1
Pellets roughly spherical, about ⁄4 in. (6.3 mm) diameter
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
6. Sampling
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
6.1 Cathodes—Cathodes may be sampled using either of the
2. Referenced Documents
following procedures:
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6.1.1 Template Drilling Procedure:
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
6.1.1.1 Sampling of electronickel cathodes is done on one
Determine Conformance with Specifications
cathode removed for this purpose from every 60 cathodes
E39 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel (Withdrawn
3
produced. A template is used to drill successive cathodes
1995)
diagonally from corner to corner. Using a suitable drill, one
3. Ordering Information
5
⁄8-in. (16-mm) hole is drilled through each cathode, starting at
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include the first hole in the template and progressing diagonally, with
1
the following information: holes at 3 ⁄4-in. (83-mm) centers. No lubricants shall be used.
The drill shall be clean and the drilling speed shall be regulated
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
to avoid excessive heating.
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
6.1.1.2 The 4 to 8-in. (102 to 203-mm) drilling spirals are
B02.07 on Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.
1
cut to ⁄4-in. (6-mm) pieces. These cuttings are washed in
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018. Published November 2018. Originally
approved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as B39 – 79 (2013). DOI:
boiling distilled water then quartered to provide the sample.
10.1520/B0039-79R18.
2
6.1.2 Alternatively, sheared cathodes may be sampled by
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM taking pieces at random from the bottom, middle, and top of
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
each package or container. The following number of pieces
the ASTM website.
3 shall be taken from each drum (containing 500 to 700 lb (227
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. to 317 kg)):
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B39 − 79 (2018)
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
speed shall be regulated to avoid excessive heating. The
Composition, drillings are thoroughly mixed and divided by split sampler
Element
weight %
until the sample for analysis is about 100 g.
Nickel,
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B39 − 79 (Reapproved 2013) B39 − 79 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Specification for
1
Nickel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B39; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers refined nickel primarily produced from ore or matte or similar raw material. The principal
commercial forms are cathodes, briquettes, and pellets.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data
Sheet (MSDS)(SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and
healthenvironmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
3
E39 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel (Withdrawn 1995)
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include the following information:
3.1.1 Name of material (nickel),
3.1.2 ASTM designation (E39),
3.1.3 Form (state whether cathodes, briquettes, or pellets), and
3.1.4 Size (Section 5).
4. Chemical Composition
4.1 The nickel shall conform to the requirements of Table 1.
4.2 More restrictive compositions for certain products may be available. The user is referred to his nickel supplier.
5. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
5.1 The various forms and sizes commercially available are as follows:
Form Size
1 1 5
Cathodes 1 ⁄2 by 1 ⁄4 by ⁄8 in. (38 by 32 by 16 mm)
Briquettes pillow shaped, about by in. (38 by 32 by 16 mm)
1
Pellets roughly spherical, about ⁄4 in. (6.3 mm) diameter
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B02.07 on Refined
Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2013Nov. 1, 2018. Published February 2013November 2018. Originally approved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 20082013
as B39 – 79 (2008).(2013). DOI: 10.1520/B0039-79R13.10.1520/B0039-79R18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B39 − 79 (2018)
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition,
Element
weight %
Nickel, min 99.80
Cobalt, max 0.15
Copper, max 0.02
Carbon, max 0.03
Iron, max 0.02
Sulfur, max 0.01
Phosphorus, less than 0.005
Manganese, less than 0.005
Silicon, less than 0.005
Arsenic, less than 0.005
Lead, less than 0.005
Antimony, less than 0.005
Bismuth, less than 0.005
Tin, less than 0.005
Zinc, less than 0.005
6. Sampling
6.1 Cathodes—Cathodes may be sampled using either of the following procedures:
6.1.1 Template Drilling Procedure:
6.1.1.1 Sampling of electronickel cathodes is done on one cathode removed for this purpose from every 60 cathodes produced.
5
A template is used to drill successive cathodes diagonally from corner to corner. Using a suitable drill, one ⁄8-in. (16-mm) hole
1
is drilled through each cathode, starting at the first hole in the template and progressing diagonally, with holes at 3 ⁄4-in. (83-mm)
centers. No lubricants shall be
...
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