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ASTM B635-00

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Coatings of Cadmium-Tin Mechanically Deposited

Standard Specification for Coatings of Cadmium-Tin Mechanically Deposited

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for a coating that is a mixture of cadmium and tin mechanically deposited on metal products. The coating is provided in various thicknesses up to and including 12 μm.  
1.2 Mechanical deposition greatly reduces the risk of hydrogen embrittlement and is suitable for coating bores and recesses in many parts that cannot be conveniently plated electrolytically. (See Appendix X1.)  
1.3  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  For specific hazards statements, see Section 7.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Mar-2000
ICS
25.220.40 - Metallic coatings
Technical Committee
B08 - Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
Drafting Committee
B08.06 - Soft Metals
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM B635-91(1997) - Standard Specification for Coatings of Cadmium-Tin Mechanically Deposited
Effective Date
10-Mar-2000
Replaced By
ASTM B635-00(2004)e1 - Standard Specification for Coatings of Cadmium-Tin Mechanically Deposited
Effective Date
01-Aug-2004
Referred By
ASTM B816-00(2021) - Standard Specification for Coatings of Cadmium-Zinc Mechanically Deposited
Effective Date
10-Mar-2000

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ASTM B635-00 - Standard Specification for Coatings of Cadmium-Tin Mechanically Deposited
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B 635 – 00
Standard Specification for
1
Coatings of Cadmium-Tin Mechanically Deposited
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 635; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope B 697 Guide for Selection of Sampling Plans for Inspection
3
of Electrodeposited Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for a coating
E 87 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Lead, Tin, Anti-
that is a mixture of cadmium and tin mechanically deposited on
4
mony, and Their Alloys (Photometric Methods)
metal products. The coating is provided in various thicknesses
5
E 396 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Cadmium
up to and including 12 μm.
F 1470 Guide for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechani-
1.2 Mechanical deposition greatly reduces the risk of hy-
6
cal Properties and Performance Inspection
drogen embrittlement and is suitable for coating bores and
2.2 U.S. Federal Standard:
recesses in many parts that cannot be conveniently plated
FED-STD-141 Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Mate-
electrolytically. (See Appendix X1.)
7
rials; Methods of Inspection, Sampling and Testing
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
2.3 U.S. Military Standard:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
MIL-L-7808J Lubricating Oil, Aircraft Turbine Engine,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
7
Synthetic Base
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards
3. Classification
statements, see Section 7.
3.1 Classes—Cadmium-tin coatings are classified on the
2. Referenced Documents basis of thickness, as follows:
Class Minimum Thickness, μm
2.1 ASTM Standards:
12 12
2
B 117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
88
B 183 Practice for Preparation of Low-Carbon Steel for 55
3
Electroplating
3.2 Types—Cadmium-tin coatings are identified by types on
B 201 Practice for Testing Chromate Coatings on Zinc and
the basis of supplementary treatment required, as follows:
3
Cadmium Surfaces
3.2.1 Type I—As coated, without supplementary chromate
B 242 Practice for Preparation of High-Carbon Steel for
treatment (see X1.1).
3
Electroplating
3.2.2 Type II—With supplementary chromate treatment (see
3
B 322 Practice for Cleaning Metals Prior to Electroplating
X1.2).
B 487 Test Method for Measurement of Metal and Oxide
Coating Thicknesses by Microscopical Examination of a
4. Ordering Information
3
Cross Section
4.1 To make the application of this specification complete,
B 499 Test Method for Measurement of Coating Thick-
the purchaser needs to supply the following information to the
nesses by the Magnetic Method: Nonmagnetic Coatings on
supplier in the purchase order or other governing document:
3
Magnetic Basis Metals
4.1.1 Class, including a maximum thickness, if appropriate,
B 567 Test Method for Measurement of Coating Thickness
type, and need for supplemental lubricant (3.1, 3.2, and
3
by the Beta Backscatter Method
5.2.4.2).
3
B 571 Test Methods for Adhesion of Metallic Coatings
4.1.2 Nature of substrate, for example, high-strength steel,
B 602 Test Method for Attribute Sampling of Metallic and
need for stress-relief, and cleaning precautions to be followed
3
Inorganic Coatings
(5.2.2).
4.1.3 Significant surfaces (5.3).
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B-8 on
Metallic and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4
B08.08.04 on Light Metals. Discontinued—See 1984 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
5
Current edition approved March 10, 2000. Published May 2000. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
6
published as B 635 – 78. Last previous edition B 635 – 91 (1997). Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.08.
2 7
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.02. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.05. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B 635
4.1.4 Requirements and methods of testing for one or more 5.3.1 The thickness of the coating everywhere on the
of the following requirements: need for and type of test significant surfaces shall be at least that of the specified class
specimens (8.1), composition (8.2), thickness (8.4), adhesion as defined in 3.1.
(8.6), and absence of hydrogen embrittlement and the w
...

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This specification establishes the requirements for electrodeposited palladium-nickel (Pd-Ni) coatings for engineering applications. Composite coatings consisting of palladium-nickel and a thin gold over-plate for applications involving electrical contacts are also covered. The classification system for the coatings covered here shall be specified by the basis metal, the thickness of the underplating, the composition type and thickness class of the palladium-nickel coating, and the grade of the gold overplating. Coatings should be sampled, tested, and conform to specified requirements as to purity, appearance, thickness, composition, adhesion, ductility, and integrity (including gross defects, mechanical damage, porosity, and microcracks). Alloy composition shall be examined either by wet method, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Auger or electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA), or wavelength dispersive spectroscopy (WDS). Coating adhesion shall be analyzed either by bend, heat, or cutting test.
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Note 1: Electroplated deposits generally have a lower density than their wrought metal counterparts.
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Palladium  
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Platinum  
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Palladium-Nickel  
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Rhodium  
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Ruthenium  
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1.1 This specification covers requirements for electrodeposited coatings of copper used for engineering purposes. Examples include surface hardening, heat treatment stop-off, as an underplate for other engineering coatings, for electromagnetic interferences (EMI) shielding in electronic circuitry, and in certain joining operations.  
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This specification covers the requirements for electroplated nickel coatings applied to metal products for engineering applications (for example, for use as a buildup for mismachined or worn parts), for electronics applications (including as underplates in contacts or interconnections), and in certain joining applications. Coatings shall be available in any one of the following types: Type 1, coatings electroplated from solutions not containing hardeners, brighteners, or stress control additives; Type 2, electrodeposits used at moderate temperatures, and contain sulfur or other codeposited elements or compounds that are present to increase the hardness, refine grain structure, or control internal stress; and Type 3, electroplates containing dispersed submicron particles such as silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, and aluminum oxide that are present to increase hardness and wear resistance at specified temperatures. Metal parts shall undergo pre- and post-coating treatments to reduce the risk of hydrogen embrittlement, and peening. Coatings shall be sampled, tested, and conform accordingly to specified requirements as to appearance, thickness (measured either destructively by microscopical or coulometric method, or nondestructively by magnetic or X-ray method), adhesion (examined either by bend, file, heat and quench, or push test), porosity (assessed either by hot water, ferroxyl, or flowers of sulfur test), workmanship, and hydrogen embrittlement relief.
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1.1 This specification covers the requirements for electroplated nickel coatings applied to metal products for engineering applications, for example, for use as a buildup for mismachined or worn parts, for electronic applications, including as underplates in contacts or interconnections, and in certain joining applications.  
1.2 Electroplating of nickel for engineering applications (Note 1) requires technical considerations significantly different from decorative applications because the following functional properties are important:  
1.2.1 Hardness, strength, and ductility,  
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1.2.3 Load bearing characteristics,  
1.2.4 Corrosion resistance,  
1.2.5 Heat scaling resistance,  
1.2.6 Fretting resistance, and  
1.2.7 Fatigue resistance.  
Note 1: Functional electroplated nickel coatings usually contain about 99 % nickel, and are most frequently electrodeposited from a Watts nickel bath or a nickel sulfamate bath. Typical mechanical properties of nickel electroplated from these baths, and the combined effect of bath operation and solution composition variables on the mechanical properties of the electrodeposit are given in Guide B832. When electroplated nickel is required to have higher hardnesses, greater wear resistance, certain residual stress values and certain leveling characteristics, sulfur and other substances are incorporated in the nickel deposit through the use of certain addition agents in the electroplating solution. For the effect of such additives, see Section 4 and Annex A3. Cobalt salts are sometimes added to the plating solution to produce harder nickel alloy deposits.  
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1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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