ASTM F2137-04(2009)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Measuring the Dynamic Characteristics of Amusement Rides and Devices
Standard Practice for Measuring the Dynamic Characteristics of Amusement Rides and Devices
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is intended for use whenever the dynamic characteristics of an amusement ride or device are to be determined. The existence of this practice is not intended to imply that there is a requirement to perform specific testing on amusement rides or devices.
The general provisions of this practice provide instrumentation specifications, data acquisition and testing procedures, and documentation requirements that when applied will improve the repeatability, reliability, and utility of the test results.
Based on the general provisions of this practice, the SARC Test specifications, when followed, will yield standardized test results regarding the patron-related, dynamic motion of amusement rides or devices. The SARC Test will facilitate both the meaningful comparison of the dynamic motion of different amusement rides or devices and the tracking of changes, if any, in the dynamic characteristics of a given ride or device.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers acquisition of data related to the dynamic characteristics of amusement rides and devices.
1.2 This practice also defines the specific requirements of a Standardized Amusement Ride Characterization Test (SARC Test) for use in characterizing the dynamic motion of an amusement ride or device.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
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Designation:F2137–04 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Practice for
Measuring the Dynamic Characteristics of Amusement
1
Rides and Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2137; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.3 calibration value—the ratio of the reference calibra-
tion system output, in engineering units relevant to the trans-
1.1 This practice covers acquisition of data related to the
ducer, to the data channel output, in volts, as measured at
dynamic characteristics of amusement rides and devices.
constant excitation frequency and amplitude.
1.2 This practice also defines the specific requirements of a
3.1.4 channel frequency class (CFC)—afrequencyresponse
Standardized Amusement Ride Characterization Test (SARC
envelope that conforms to Fig. 1 and is referred to by the value
Test) for use in characterizing the dynamic motion of an
F in hertz. The CFC frequency response envelope is defined
H
amusement ride or device.
by the boundaries shown in Fig. 1 and the following charac-
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
teristic frequencies:
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
F —Pass band lower limit (hertz). Always equal to zero
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only L
(0.0) hertz.
and are not considered standard.
F —Pass band upper limit (hertz). The CFC designator.
H
2. Referenced Documents
F —The corner or knee of the frequency response envelope.
N
2
Always equal to or greater than 1.667 3 F .
H
2.1 SAE Standard:
F —The minimum sample frequency for a sampled data
SAE J211 Instrumentation for Impact Tests S
system that corresponds to the designated CFC. Always equal
3. Terminology
to or greater than 12 3 F .
H
3.1.4.1 Discussion—F , F , F ,and F arealwaysspecified
3.1 Definitions: L H N S
in hertz. While the characteristics of the CFC may be applied
3.1.1 aliasing—a phenomenon associated with sampled
to individual components of a data channel, the CFC is, by
data systems, wherein a signal containing significant energy at
definition, the frequency response envelope of the entire data
frequencies greater than one half of the system sample fre-
channelfromthemountedtransducertothefinalrepresentation
quency manifests itself in the sampled data as a lower
of the acquired data.
frequency (aliased) signal. Aliasing can be avoided only by
3.1.5 coordinate system—three orthogonal axes that inter-
limiting the frequency content of the signal prior to the
sect at an origin whose positive directions correspond to the
sampling process. Once a signal has been aliased, it is not
right-hand rule.
possible to reconstruct the original signal from the sampled
3.1.5.1 measurement coordinate system—a coordinate sys-
data.
tem that provides the reference axes and sign convention for
3.1.2 calibration constant—the arithmetic mean of the sen-
the test data record(s).
sitivity coefficients, evaluated at frequencies that are evenly
3.1.5.2 patron coordinate system—a coordinate system that
spaced on a logarithmic scale between F and F .
L H
is fixed with respect to the human upper torso and oriented as
in Fig. 2.
3.1.5.3 vehicle coordinate system—a coordinate system that
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F24 onAmusement
is fixed with respect to the ride or device being tested.
Rides and Devices and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F24.10 on Test
3.1.6 data channel—the entire instrumentation system for a
Methods.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2009. Published April 2009. Originally
single channel of data acquisition; from the transducer to the
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F2137 – 04. DOI:
final representation of the data, including all post-acquisition
10.1520/F2137-04R09.
2
data processing that may alter the amplitude or frequency
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive,
Warrendale, PA 15096. content of the data.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2137–04 (2009)
FIG. 1 Frequency Response Envelope
FIG. 2 Patron Coordinate System
3.1.7 data channel full scale—the maximum usable value, 3.1.9 full-scale—the maximum usable value, in units of the
in units of the physical phenomenon being measured, that may physical phenomenon being measured, which may be repre-
be represented by a data channel. This value is determined by
sented by a data channel or some component thereof.
the data channel
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:F2137–01 Designation: F 2137 – 04 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Practice for
Measuring the Dynamic Characteristics of Amusement
1
Rides and Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2137; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This document establishes a standard practice forcovers acquisition of data related to the dynamic characteristics of
amusement rides and devices.
1.2 This practice also defines the specific requirements of a StandardizedAmusement Ride Characterization Test (SARC Test)
for use in characterizing the dynamic motion of an amusement ride or device.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 SAE Standard:SAEJ211March 1995 Instrumentation for Impact Tests
SAE J211 Instrumentation for Impact Tests
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 aliasing—a phenomenon associated with sampled data systems, wherein a signal containing significant energy at
frequenciesgreaterthanonehalfofthesystemsamplefrequencymanifestsitselfinthesampleddataasalowerfrequency(aliased)
signal. Aliasing can be avoided only by limiting the frequency content of the signal prior to the sampling process. Once a signal
has been aliased, it is not possible to reconstruct the original signal from the sampled data.
3.1.2 calibration constant—the arithmetic mean of the sensitivity coefficients, evaluated at frequencies that are evenly spaced
on a logarithmic scale between F and F .
L H
3.1.3 calibration value—the ratio of the reference calibration system output, in engineering units relevant to the transducer, to
the data channel output, in volts, as measured at constant excitation frequency and amplitude.
3.1.4 channel frequency class (CFC)—a frequency response envelope that conforms to Fig. 1 and is refererredreferred to by the
value F in hertz. The CFC frequency response envelope is defined by the boundaries shown in Fig. 1 and the following
H
characteristic frequencies:
F —Pass band lower limit (hertz). Always equal to zero (0.0) hertz.
L
F —Pass band upper limit (hertz). The CFC designator.
H
F N—The corner or knee of the frequency response envelope. Always equal to or greater than 1.667 3 F .
C H
F —The minimum sample frequency for a sampled data system that corresponds to the designated CFC. Always equal to or
S
greater than 12 3 F .
H
3.1.4.1 Discussion—F , F , F N, and F are always specified in hertz. While the characteristics of the CFC may be applied
L H C S
to individual components of a data channel, the CFC is, by definition, the frequency response envelope of the entire data channel
from the mounted transducer to the final representation of the acquired data.
3.1.5 coordinate system—threeorthogonalaxesthatintersectatanoriginwhosepositivedirectionscorrespondtotheright-hand
rule.
3.1.5.1 measurement coordinate system—a coordinate system that provides the reference axes and sign convention for the test
data record(s).
3.1.5.2 occupant coordinate systempatron coordinate system—a coordinate system that is fixed with respect to the human upper
torso and oriented as in Fig. 2.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F24 on Amusement Rides and Devices and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F24.10 on Test
Methods.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2001. Published January 2002.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2009. Published April 2009. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F 2137 – 04.
2
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F 2137 – 04 (2009)
FIG. 1 Frequency Response Envelope
FIG. 2 Patron Coordinate System
3.1.5.3 vehicle coordinate system—a coordinate system that is fixed with respect to the ride or device being tested.
3.1.6 data channel—the entire instrumentation system for a single channel of data acquisition; from the transducer to the final
representation of the data, including all post-acquisition data p
...
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