ASTM A648-95(2000)

Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Hard Drawn for Prestressing Concrete Pipe

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two classes of uncoated, high-strength, hard-drawn steel wire for use in the manufacture of prestressed concrete pipe. In application, the wire is helically wrapped on the pipe maintaining tension by mechanical means not including drawing dies.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 The following caveat pertains only to the test method portions of this specification, 6.2.3 and 6.4.3: This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-1999
• ICS: 77.140.15 - Steels for reinforcement of concrete
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.05 - Steel Reinforcement

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM A648-04 - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Hard Drawn for Prestressing Concrete Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2004
• Referred By: ASTM A1032-15(2019) - Standard Test Method for Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance for Steel Wire Hard-Drawn Used for Prestressed Concrete Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2000

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 648 – 95 (Reapproved 2000)
Standard Specification for
Steel Wire, Hard Drawn for Prestressing Concrete Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 648; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 Quantity (weight),
3.1.2 Name of material (hard-drawn steel wire for prestress-
1.1 This specification covers two classes of uncoated, high-
ing concrete pipe),
strength, hard-drawn steel wire for use in the manufacture of
3.1.3 Wire diameter (see Table 1),
prestressed concrete pipe. In application, the wire is helically
3.1.4 Class (see Table 1),
wrapped on the pipe maintaining tension by mechanical means
3.1.5 Packaging (see Section 12), and
not including drawing dies.
3.1.6 ASTM designation and year of issue.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided
NOTE 1—A typical ordering description is as follows: 100 000-lb,
for information only. Hard-Drawn Steel Wire for Prestressing Concrete Pipe, 0.192 in. in
diameter, Class III, 1500-lb coils, to ASTM A 648 – _______.
1.3 The following caveat pertains only to the test method
portions of this specification, 6.2.3 and 6.4.3: This standard
4. Manufacture
does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any,
4.1 The steel shall be made by the open-hearth, basic-
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
oxygen, or electric-furnace process.
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
4.2 The steel shall be free of injurious piping and undue
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
segregation.
to use.
4.3 The wire shall be cold drawn to produce the desired
2. Referenced Documents
mechanical properties. The wire manufacturer shall take de-
pendable precautions during wire drawing to preclude detri-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mental strain aging of the wire.
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
of Steel Products
NOTE 2—Allowing wire to remain at elevated temperatures, such as
A 510 Specification for General Requirements for Wire
400°F (204°C) for more than5sor 360°F (182°C) for more than 20 s, can
Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel result in detrimental strain aging of the wire. Detrimentally strain aged
wire typically has reduced ductility and increased susceptibility to
A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
hydrogen embrittlement.
Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment
E 328 Test Methods for Stress Relaxation Tests for Materi-
4.4 There shall be no welds or joints in the finished wire.
als and Structures
Any welds or joints made during manufacture to promote
2.2 ANSI Standard:
continuity of operations shall be removed.
C 304 Standard for Design of Prestressed Concrete Cylinder
5. Chemical Requirements
Pipe
5.1 The cast or heat analysis of the steel shall conform to the
3. Ordering Information
chemical requirements specified in Table 2.
3.1 Orders for material to this specification should include
5.2 An analysis of each cast or heat of steel shall be
the following information:
furnished by the manufacturer showing the percentages of the
elements specified in Table 2. The wire shall be subject to
1 permissible variation for product analysis specified in Specifi-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel,
cation A 510, Table 10.
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.05 on Steel Reinforcement.
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1995. Published November 1995. Originally
6. Mechanical Requirements
published as A 648 – 72. Last previous edition A 648 – 94.
NOTE 3—Mechanical requirements are applicable only prior to or
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05. during pipe manufacture.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th
Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A 648
TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements
Class II Wire Class III Wire
Wire Gage or Decimal Size,
Minimum Tensile Breaking Strength, lbf (kN) Minimum Tensile Breaking Strength, lbf (kN)
Fraction, in. in. (mm) A A
Strength, Strength,
min max min max
ksi (MPa) ksi (MPa)
6 0.192 (4.88) 222 (1530) 6 430 (28.6) 7 300 (32.5) 252 (1740) 7 300 (32.5) 8 170 (36.3)
1 4 0.250 (6.35) 211 (1450) 10 360 (46.1) 11 830 (52.6) 240 (1650) 11 780 (52.4) 13 250 (58.9)
/
5 16 0.312 (7.92) 201 (1390) 15 370 (68.4) 17 660 (78.6) 221 (1520) 16 900 (75.2) 19 190 (85.4)
/
A
Based on nominal wire diameter.
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
shall be made for at least two data points in the third interval.
For tests terminated in less than 1000 h, the expected relaxation
NOTE 1—Class I wire has been discontinued.
of the specimen at 1000 h shall be determined from the linear
Classes II and III
regression curve of stress loss on a logarithm time scale.
A
Carbon, % 0.50–0.85
B
6.3.3.2 The temperature of the test specimen shall be
Manganese, % 0.50–1.10
Phosphorus, max, % 0.030 maintained at 68 6 3.5°F (20 6 2°C).
Sulfur, max, % 0.035
6.3.3.3 The test specimen shall not be subjected to loading,
Silicon, % 0.10–0.35
including sample straightening, prior to the relaxation test,
A
Carbon in any one lot shall not vary more than 0.13 %.
B except that it shall be permissible to straighten the sample ends
Manganese in any one lot shall not vary more than 0.30 %.
to fit in the test machine jaws.
6.3.3.4 Loading shall be applied at an essentially constant
rate over a period of not less than 3 min and not more than 5
6.1 Test Specimens—Wire specimens for tensile and tor-
min until the initial load is reached. Thereafter, the gage length
sion tests shall be taken from either end of a coil but must be
shall be maintained constant. Load relaxation readings shall
representative of that coil’s wire drawing conditions with
commence 1 min after the initial load has been reached.
regard to wire temperature.
6.3.3.5 The initial load shall be 70 % of the specifed
6.2 Tension Test:
minimum breaking strength of the wire. Overstressing of the
6.2.1 Tensile Requirements shall conform to those pre-
test specimen to a level greater than 70 % of the specified
scribed in Table 1 for the specified size and class.
minimum breaking strength during loading shall not be per-
6.2.2 Number of Tests—One test specimen shall be taken
mitted.
from each coil.
6.3.3.6 The test gage length shall be at least 60 times the
6.2.3 Test Method—The tension test shall be made in
nominal diameter of the wire.
accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370, Annex
6.3.3.7 The result of each relaxation test shall be reported
A4. Tension test reports shall include the coil number tested,
either as the actual percent of stress loss after 1000 h or the
the measured wire diameter, and the measured breaking
extrapolated percent of stress loss after 1000 h as determined
strength.
from the linear regression curve.
6.2.4 Reduction of Area Test—The reduction of area re-
quirement for the specimens used for the tension test in 7.1 NOTE 4—In accordance with ANSI/AWWA C 304, ordinary prestressed
concrete pipe design is based on an assumed maximum wire relaxation of
shall be a minimum of 35 % for 0.19
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