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ASTM B545-97e1

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Tin

Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Tin

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited (electroplated) coatings of tin applied to metallic articles. Tin coatings are used to provide a low contact-resistance surface, to protect against corrosion (see 1.2), to facilitate soldering, to provide anti-galling properties, and to be a stopoff coating in the nitriding of high-strength steels.
1.2 Some corrosion can be expected from tin coatings exposed outdoors. In normal indoor exposure, tin is protective on iron, steel, nickel, copper, and their alloys. Corrosion can be expected at discontinuities in the coating (such as pores) due to galvanic couples formed between the tin and the underlying metal through the discontinuities, especially in humid atmospheres. Porosity increases as the coating thickness decreases, so that minimum thicknesses must be specified for each application. Parts coated with tin can be assembled safely in contact with iron and steel, tin-coated aluminum, yellow chromated zinc, cadmium, and solder coatings. (See X5.2 for oxidation and corrosion properties.)
1.3 This specification applies to electroplated coatings of not less than 99 % tin (except where deliberately alloyed for special purposes, as stated in X6.3) obtained from any of the available tin electroplating processes (see 4.3).
1.4 This specification does not apply to hot-dipped tin or other non-electrodeposited coating; it also does not apply to mill products. For mill products, refer to Specifications A623 or A 623M.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-1996
ICS
25.220.40 - Metallic coatings
Technical Committee
B08 - Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
Drafting Committee
B08.06 - Soft Metals
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM B545-97 - Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Tin
Effective Date
01-Jan-1997
Replaced By
ASTM B545-97(2004)e1 - Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Tin
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM B866-95(2018) - Standard Test Method for Gross Defects and Mechanical Damage in Metallic Coatings by Polysulfide Immersion
Effective Date
01-Jan-1997
Referred By
ASTM B765-03(2018) - Standard Guide for Selection of Porosity and Gross Defect Tests for Electrodeposits and Related Metallic Coatings
Effective Date
01-Jan-1997

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ASTM B545-97e1 - Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of TinASTM B545-97e1 - Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Tin
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ASTM B545-97e1 - Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Tin
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
e1
Designation: B 545 – 97
Standard Specification for
1
Electrodeposited Coatings of Tin
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 545; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
e NOTE—Paragraphs 1.3 and 4.1 were editorially corrected in March 2001.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for electrode- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
posited (electroplated) coatings of tin applied to metallic A 623 Specification for Tin Mill Products, General Require-
2
articles. Tin coatings are used to provide a low contact- ments
resistance surface, to protect against corrosion (see 1.2), to A 623M Specification for Tin Mill Products, General Re-
2
facilitate soldering, to provide anti-galling properties, and to be quirements (Metric)
3
a stopoff coating in the nitriding of high-strength steels. B 32 Specification for Solder Metal
1.2 Some corrosion can be expected from tin coatings B 183 Practice for Preparation of Low-Carbon Steel for
4
exposed outdoors. In normal indoor exposure, tin is protective Electroplating
on iron, steel, nickel, copper, and their alloys. Corrosion can be B 242 Practice for Preparation of High-Carbon Steel for
4
expected at discontinuities in the coating (such as pores) due to Electroplating
galvanic couples formed between the tin and the underlying B 246 Specification for Tinned Hard-Drawn and Medium-
5
metal through the discontinuities, especially in humid atmo- Hard-Drawn Copper Wire for Electrical Purposes
spheres. Porosity increases as the coating thickness decreases, B 281 Practice for Preparation of Copper and Copper-Base
4
so that minimum thicknesses must be specified for each Alloys for Electroplating and Conversion Coatings
application. Parts coated with tin can be assembled safely in B 320 Practice for Preparation of Iron Castings for Electro-
4
contact with iron and steel, tin-coated aluminum, yellow plating
4
chromated zinc, cadmium, and solder coatings. (See X5.2 for B 322 Practice for Cleaning Metals Prior to Electroplating
4
oxidation and corrosion properties.) B 374 Terminology Relating to Electroplating
1.3 This specification applies to electroplated coatings of B 487 Test Method for Measurement of Metal and Oxide
not less than 99 % tin (except where deliberately alloyed for Coating Thicknesses by Microscopical Examination of a
4
special purposes, as stated in X6.3) obtained from any of the Cross Section
available tin electroplating processes (see 4.3). B 499 Test Method for Measurement of Coating Thick-
1.4 This specification does not apply to hot-dipped tin or nesses by the Magnetic Method: Nonmagnetic Coatings on
4
other non-electrodeposited coating; it also does not apply to Magnetic Basis Metals
mill products. For mill products, refer to Specifications A 623 B 504 Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Me-
4
or A 623M. tallic Coatings by the Coulometric Method
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the B 507 Practice for Design of Articles to be Electroplated on
4
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information Racks
only. B 542 Terminology Relating to Electrical Contacts and
6
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the Their Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the B 558 Practice for Preparation of Nickel Alloys for Electro-
4
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- plating
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- B 567 Test Method for Measurement of Coating Thickness
4
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. by the Beta Backscatter Method
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.06.
3
Metallic and Inorganic Coatingsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04.
4
B08.08.04on Light Metals. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.05.
5
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1997. Published February 1998. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.03.
6
published as B 545 – 71. Last previous edition B 545 – 92. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.04.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B 545
B 568 Test Method for Measurement of Coating Thickness required for the coating. Other coatings variations, such as
4
by X-Ray Spectrometry surface appearance type (4.3) or alloy compo
...

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1.1 This specification covers the requirements for electroplated nickel coatings applied to metal products for engineering applications, for example, for use as a buildup for mismachined or worn parts, for electronic applications, including as underplates in contacts or interconnections, and in certain joining applications.  
1.2 Electroplating of nickel for engineering applications (Note 1) requires technical considerations significantly different from decorative applications because the following functional properties are important:  
1.2.1 Hardness, strength, and ductility,  
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1.2.6 Fretting resistance, and  
1.2.7 Fatigue resistance.  
Note 1: Functional electroplated nickel coatings usually contain about 99 % nickel, and are most frequently electrodeposited from a Watts nickel bath or a nickel sulfamate bath. Typical mechanical properties of nickel electroplated from these baths, and the combined effect of bath operation and solution composition variables on the mechanical properties of the electrodeposit are given in Guide B832. When electroplated nickel is required to have higher hardnesses, greater wear resistance, certain residual stress values and certain leveling characteristics, sulfur and other substances are incorporated in the nickel deposit through the use of certain addition agents in the electroplating solution. For the effect of such additives, see Section 4 and Annex A3. Cobalt salts are sometimes added to the plating solution to produce harder nickel alloy deposits.  
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1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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