ASTM D6038-96

Standard Test Method for Determining the Compatability of Resin/Solvent Mixtures by Precipitation Temperature

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for testing the compatability of lithographic ink resins in high boiling ink solvents by precipitation temperature.  
1.2 This test method uses laboratory equipment generally available in a normal, well-equipped laboratory.  
1.3 This test method is for use with ink resins intended mainly for oil-based offset and letterpress inks. The type of resins are typically, but not limited to C9 aromatic hydrocarbon resins, modified dicyclopentadiene resins, rosin pentaerythritol or glycerine esters, phenolic modified rosin esters, maleic anhydride modified-rosin esters, and naturally occurring resins such as gilsonite.  
1.4 The typical high boiling solvents to be used are C12 to C16 petroleum distillates.  
1.5 To avoid fire or injury to the operator, or both, this test method should not be used with low flash point solvents such as toluene or xylene. The minimum flash point of the solvents used should be 60 degrees C (140F) as determined by Test Method D 56.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-1995
• ICS: 83.040.01 - Raw materials for rubber and plastics in general
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.37 - Ink Vehicles

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D6038-05 - Standard Test Methods for Determining the Compatibility of Resin/Solvent Mixtures by Precipitation Temperature (Cloud Point
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D6887-03(2020) - Standard Test Method for Testing Alkyd Compatibility with Resin or Resin Solutions
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1996

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D6038–96
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Compatibility of Resin/Solvent Mixtures by
Precipitation Temperature
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6038; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1310 Test Method for Flash Point and Fire Point of
Liquids by Tag Open-Cup Apparatus
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for testing the
E1 Specifications for ASTM Thermometers
compatibility of lithographic ink resins in high boiling ink
E180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM
solvents by precipitation temperature.
Methods forAnalysis andTesting of Industrial Chemicals
1.2 This test method uses laboratory equipment generally
available in a normal, well-equipped laboratory.
3. Terminology
1.3 This test method is for use with ink resins intended
3.1 Definitions:
mainly for oil-based offset and letterpress inks. The type of
3.1.1 cloud point—the point at which precipitation causes a
resinsaretypically,butnotlimitedtoC aromatichydrocarbon
resin/solvent mixture to become cloudy and opaque.
resins, modified dicyclopentadiene resins, rosin pentaerythritol
3.1.2 compatibility—resin and solvent mixture forms a
or glycerine esters, phenolic modified rosin esters, maleic
clear, homogeneous, and stable solution.
anhydride modified-rosin esters, and naturally occurring resins
3.1.3 incompatibility—resin and solvent mixture is not
such as gilsonite.
compatible, an opaque or two-phase mixture results.
1.4 The typical high boiling solvents to be used are C to
3.1.4 precipitation—resin separates from the resin/solvent
C petroleumdistillates.
mixture.
1.5 To avoid fire or injury to the operator, or both, this test
3.1.5 precipitation temperature—the temperature at which
method should not be used with low flash point solvents such
resin precipitation causes a cloud point.
as toluene or xylene. The minimum flash point of the solvents
3.1.6 solubility—the degree of resin compatibility, is solu-
used should be 60°C (140°F) as determined by Test Method
tion compatible at all levels of resin and solvent.
D56.
NOTE 1—Users of this test method should be aware that the flash point 4. Summary of Test Method
of many solvents used for this test (as defined in Test Methods D56 and
4.1 A10%byweightmixtureoftheresintobetestedinthe
D1310) is exceeded in the heating cycle of this test method. Safety
reference solvent (or vice versa) is prepared in a test tube with
precautions should be taken since there is the potential for vapor ignition.
heat and stirred until a clear solution is obtained.
The method outlined should be done in a shielded exhaust hood, where
4.2 The solution is allowed to cool. The end point is the
there is access to a fire extinguisher if needed.
lowest temperature that can be read on a thermometer, posi-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tioned at the back wall of the test tube, before the solution gets
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
cloudy.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.3 If the solution remains clear at room temperature, the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
test tube is cooled (cold water, ice water, or dry ice/acetone
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
bath) until the cloud point can be recorded.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 This test method provides a means of determining the
D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Tester
compatibilityofaresin,atlowconcentrations,inahighboiling
ink solvent.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.37 on Ink Vehicles. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1996. Published January 1997. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D6038
5.2 Resin-solvent mixtures that exhibit a high precipitation 8.7 Starttoblowambientairfromtheheatgunontothetest
temperature are less compatible than those exhibiting a low tube.
precipitation temperature. 8.7.1 If the mixture is not clear after heating for 2 min at
5.3 Resin-solvent mixtures that exhibit precipitation tem- 200°C,continuetoheatuntildissolutionhasoccurred.Startthe
peratures at or close to the cloud point of the pure solvent are cooling procedure at this point.
considered infinitely compatible or the resin is infinitely 8.7.2 Ifthemixtureisclearexceptforaveryslightpresence
soluble in that solvent. of precipitate, continue to end point and note the presence of
“slight precipitate”.
6. Apparatus
8.7.3 If the mixture does not become clear or exhibits
6.1 Balance or Scale, weighing to 60.02 g accuracy. significant precipitation, record it as incompatible.
8.8 Observe mixture closely as temperature drops and
6.2 Heat-Resistant Test Tube, 25-mm width by 150-mm
height. record the approximate rate of cooling, and the temperature at
which solution becomes so cloudy that the thermometer, when
6.3 Thermometer, AP style, 0 to 250°C, conforming to
Specification E1. held at the back wall of the test tube, can no longer be read (or
thethermometerfluidcannolongerbeseen).Thisiscalledthe
6.4 Thermometer, −100 to 50°C range.
precipitation temperature (see Note 5 and Note 6).
6.5 Hot Air Gun, 260 to 399°C, 120 volts, al
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