ASTM D3161-03b
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Wind-Resistance of Asphalt Shingles (Fan-Induced Method)
Standard Test Method for Wind-Resistance of Asphalt Shingles (Fan-Induced Method)
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for testing asphalt shingles that are resistant to wind blow-up or blow-off when applied on low slopes in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. It is generally used to determine the blow-off resistance of sealed and interlocked shingles at a given wind velocity, but may be used to test unsealed or sealed shingles at other wind velocities as is applicable.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D3161–03b
Standard Test Method for
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Wind-Resistance of Asphalt Shingles (Fan-Induced Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3161; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope to simulate. The results of this test do not directly correlate to
wind speeds experienced in service, and no accommodation is
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for testing asphalt
made in this test method for building height, building exposure
shingles that are resistant to wind blow-up or blow-off when
category, or building importance factor.
applied on low slopes in accordance with the manufacturer’s
3.2 Many factors influence the sealing characteristics of
instructions. It is generally used to determine the blow-off
shinglesinthefield;forexample,temperature,time,roofslope,
resistance of sealed and interlocked shingles at a given wind
contamination by dirt and debris, and interference by mis-
velocity, but may be used to test unsealed or sealed shingles at
placed fasteners. It is not the objective of this test method to
other wind velocities as is applicable.
address all of these influences. When testing shingles with
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
sealant, this test method is designed to determine the wind
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
resistance when representative samples of shingles are sealed
only.
under defined conditions before testing.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Apparatus
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 Test Machine, capable of delivering a horizontal stream
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
of air through a rectangular opening 914 mm (36 in.) wide and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
305 mm (12 in.) high at a velocity not less than 97 km/h (60
2. Type and Classes of Shingles mph). The test velocity shall not vary more than 65% as
measured at the orifice. The machine shall be equipped with an
2.1 Shingles are of two types:
adjustablestandtoreceiveatestpanelandbeadaptedtosetting
2.1.1 Type I—Shingles with a factory-applied adhesive
the test panel at any desired slope, at any horizontal distance
(self-sealing shingles).
from the lower edge of the duct opening, and at various angles
2.1.2 Type II—Shingles of the lock type, with mechanically
incident to the wind direction.
interlocking tabs or ears.
4.2 Timer, capable of reading to the nearest minute.
2.2 Shingles are of three classes:
4.3 Mechanical Circulation Conditioning Cell or Room, for
2.2.1 Class A—Pass at a test velocity of 97 km/h (60 mph).
self-sealing shingles, having forced circulation of air capable
2.2.2 Class D—Pass at a test velocity of 145 km/h (90
of receiving a 1.27-m (50-in.) wide by 1.68-m (66-in.) long, or
mph).
larger test panel on a slope of 2 in. rise per foot (17 % slope)
2.2.3 Class F—Pass at a test velocity of 177 km/h (110
and of maintaining a uniform temperature of 57 to 60°C (135
mph).
to 140°F).
3. Significance and Use
5. Test Samples
3.1 Most asphalt shingles that have demonstrated wind
5.1 The test panels shall be of plywood, tightly matched
resistance by this test have also performed well in use. Natural
sheathing boards, or other suitable decking material and not
wind conditions differ with respect to intensity, duration, and
less than 1.27 by 1.68 m (50 by 66 in.) in size. They are to be
turbulence; these conditions are beyond the means of this test
of such rigidity that they will not twist or distort with normal
handling, or vibrate from the wind velocity during the test.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofing
5.2 Apply self-sealing shingles to duplicate panels, parallel
and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02 on
to the short dimension of the panel, in the normal manner
Prepared Roofings, Shingles, and Siding Materials.
recommended by the manufacturer. Use roofing nails, properly
Current edition approved July 10, 2003. Published August 2003. Originally
positioned in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions,
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 3161 – 03a.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D3161–03b
to fasten each shingle, and no cement
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