ASTM B765-03

Standard Guide for Selection of Porosity and Gross Defect Tests for Electrodeposits and Related Metallic Coatings

SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes some of the available standard methods for the detection, identification, and measurement of porosity and gross defects in electrodeposited and related metallic coatings and provides some laboratory-type evaluations and acceptances. Some applications of the test methods are tabulated in Table 1 and Table 2.
1.2 This guide does not apply to coatings that are produced by thermal spraying, ion bombardment, sputtering, and other similar techniques where the coatings are applied in the form of discrete particles impacting on the substrate.
1.3 This guide does not apply to beneficial or controlled porosity, such as that present in microdiscontinuous chromium coatings.
1.4 Porosity test results (including those for gross defects) occur as chemical reaction end products. Some occur in situ, others on paper, or in a gel coating. Observations are made that are consistent with the test method, the items being tested, and the requirements of the purchaser. These may be visual inspection (unaided eye) or by 10X magnification (microscope). Other methods may involve enlarged photographs or photomicrographs.
1.5 The test methods are only summarized. The individual standards must be referred to for the instructions on how to perform the tests.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-2003
• ICS: 25.220.40 - Metallic coatings
• Technical Committee: B08 - Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
• Drafting Committee: B08.10 - Test Methods

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM B765-93(2001) - Standard Guide for Selection of Porosity Tests for Electrodeposits and Related Metallic Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Replaced By: ASTM B765-03(2008) - Standard Guide for Selection of Porosity and Gross Defect Tests for Electrodeposits and Related Metallic Coatings
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2008
• Referred By: ASTM B877-96(2018) - Standard Test Method for Gross Defects and Mechanical Damage in Metallic Coatings by the Phosphomolybdic Acid (PMA) Method
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B679-98(2021) - Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Palladium for Engineering Use
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B689-97(2023) - Standard Specification for Electroplated Engineering Nickel Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B734-97(2018) - Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Copper for Engineering Uses
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B827-05(2020) - Standard Practice for Conducting Mixed Flowing Gas (MFG) Environmental Tests
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B545-22 - Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Tin
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B867-95(2018) - Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Palladium-Nickel for Engineering Use
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B809-95(2018) - Standard Test Method for Porosity in Metallic Coatings by Humid Sulfur Vapor (“Flowers-of-Sulfur”)
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B798-95(2020) - Standard Test Method for Porosity in Gold or Palladium Coatings on Metal Substrates by Gel-Bulk Electrography
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B920-16(2022) - Standard Practice for Porosity in Gold and Palladium Alloy Coatings on Metal Substrates by Vapors of Sodium Hypochlorite Solution
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B866-95(2018) - Standard Test Method for Gross Defects and Mechanical Damage in Metallic Coatings by Polysulfide Immersion
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B488-18 - Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Gold for Engineering Uses
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B735-16(2022) - Standard Test Method for Porosity in Gold Coatings on Metal Substrates by Nitric Acid Vapor
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:B765–03
Standard Guide for
Selection of Porosity and Gross Defect Tests for
1
Electrodeposits and Related Metallic Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 765; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
2
1. Scope Hard-Drawn Copper Wire for Electrical Purposes
B 276 Test Method for Apparent Porosity in Cemented
1.1 This guide describes some of the available standard
3
Carbides
methods for the detection, identification, and measurement of
3
B 374 Terminology Relating to Electroplating
porosity and gross defects in electrodeposited and related
B 537 Practice for Rating of Electroplated Panels Subjected
metallic coatings and provides some laboratory-type evalua-
3
to Atmospheric Exposure
tions and acceptances. Some applications of the test methods
B 542 Terminology Relating to Electrical Contacts and
are tabulated in Table 1 and Table 2.
4
Their Use
1.2 This guide does not apply to coatings that are produced
3
B 545 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Tin
by thermal spraying, ion bombardment, sputtering, and other
B 605 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Tin-
similartechniqueswherethecoatingsareappliedintheformof
3
Nickel Alloy
discrete particles impacting on the substrate.
B 650 Specification for Electrodeposited Engineering Chro-
1.3 This guide does not apply to beneficial or controlled
3
mium Coatings on Ferrous Substrates
porosity, such as that present in microdiscontinuous chromium
B 689 Specification for Electroplated Engineering Nickel
coatings.
3
Coatings
1.4 Porosity test results (including those for gross defects)
B 733 Specification for Autocatalytic (Electroless) Nickel-
occur as chemical reaction end products. Some occur in situ,
3
Phosphorous Coatings on Metal
others on paper, or in a gel coating. Observations are made that
B 734 Specification for Electrodeposited Copper for Engi-
are consistent with the test method, the items being tested, and
3
neering Uses
the requirements of the purchaser. These may be visual
B 735 Test Method for Porosity in Gold Coatings on Metal
inspection (unaided eye) or by 103 magnification (micro-
4
Substrates by Nitric Acid Vapor
scope). Other methods may involve enlarged photographs or
B 741 Test Method for Porosity in Gold Coatings on Metal
photomicrographs.
4
Substrates by Paper Electrography
1.5 The test methods are only summarized. The individual
B 798 Test Method for Porosity in Gold or Palladium
standards must be referred to for the instructions on how to
4
Coatings on Metal Substrates by Gel-Bulk Electrography
perform the tests.
B 799 Test Method for Porosity in Gold and Palladium
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4
Coatings by Sulfurous Acid/Sulfur-Dioxide Vapor
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
B 809 Test Method for Porosity in Metallic Coatings by
only.
3
Humid Sulfur Vapor (Flowers-of-Sulfur)
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
B 866 Test Method for Gross Defects and Mechanical
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3
Damage in Metallic Coatings by Polysulfide Immersion
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
B 877 Test Method for Gross Defects and Mechanical
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Damage in Metallic Coatings by the Phosphomolybdic
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3
Acid (PMA) Method
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1 Definitions—Many terms used in this guide are defined
B 246 Specification for Tinned Hard-Drawn and Medium-
in Terminology B 374 or B 542.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on Metallic and
Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.10 on Test
2
Methods. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.03.
3
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2003. Published Oct. 2003. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.05.
4
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as B 765 – 93 (2001). Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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B765–03
TABLE 1 Applications of Standard Porosity Tests to Metallic Coatings (Section 6)
A
Substrate Metal Gold Silver Nickel Tin-Nickel Tin Tin-Lead Copper Palladium Chromium
B
Copper and Copper 6.1 , 6.2, 6.3A 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 . 6.2, 6.3A, 6.4, .
Alloys 6.4, 6.5 6.5
B
Nickel 6.1 , 6.
...