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ASTM B979-12

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Non-Specular (NS) Surface Finish on Overhead Aluminum Electrical Conductors

Standard Specification for Non-Specular (NS) Surface Finish on Overhead Aluminum Electrical Conductors

ABSTRACT
This specification covers non-specular surface finishes on overhead aluminum electrical conductors to establish a uniformity of conductor finish that is acceptable to the user. Such a specification will furnish a basis for consistent manufacturing process control. Overhead aluminum electrical conductors, when installed, tend to have a "reflective" or "specular" surface that can make a transmission line more noticeable in appearance against the background landscape. A factory treatment process of the outer surface of the aluminum wires can turn the surface finish into a dull, non-reflective, or "de-glared" matte grey finish that allows the conductor to become less visible when observed from a distance and enables the transmission line to blend in with the skyline or landscape background. This specification addresses ordering information, equipment, test procedure, requirements, and retest.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers non-specular surface finishes on overhead aluminum electrical conductors. Overhead aluminum electrical conductors, when installed, typically have a shiny surface appearance. This “reflective” or “specular” surface can make a transmission line more noticeable in appearance against the background landscape. A factory treatment process of the outer surface of the aluminum wires can render the surface finish into a dull, non-reflective, matte grey finish. This non-reflective or “de-glared” surface finish allows the conductor to become less visible when observed from a distance and enables the transmission line to blend in with the skyline or landscape background.2  
1.2 This specification is intended, by means of diffuse reflectance measurement, to establish a uniformity of conductor finish which is acceptable to the user. Such a specification will furnish a basis for consistent manufacturing process control.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Oct-2012
ICS
29.240.20 - Power transmission and distribution lines
Technical Committee
B01 - Electrical Conductors
Drafting Committee
B01.02 - Methods of Test and Sampling Procedure
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM B979-12(2018) - Standard Specification for Non-Specular (NS) Surface Finish on Overhead Aluminum Electrical Conductors
Effective Date
01-Mar-2018

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ASTM B979-12 - Standard Specification for Non-Specular (NS) Surface Finish on Overhead Aluminum Electrical ConductorsASTM B979-12 - Standard Specification for Non-Specular (NS) Surface Finish on Overhead Aluminum Electrical Conductors
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ASTM B979-12 - Standard Specification for Non-Specular (NS) Surface Finish on Overhead Aluminum Electrical Conductors
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B979 −12
Standard Specification for
Non-Specular (NS) Surface Finish on Overhead Aluminum
Electrical Conductors
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B979; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 ASTM Standards:
B354 Terminology Relating to Uninsulated Metallic Electri-
1.1 This specification covers non-specular surface finishes
cal Conductors
on overhead aluminum electrical conductors. Overhead alumi-
num electrical conductors, when installed, typically have a
3. Terminology
shiny surface appearance. This “reflective” or “specular”
surface can make a transmission line more noticeable in
3.1 For definitions of terms relating to conductors, refer to
appearance against the background landscape. A factory treat- definitions found in Terminology B354.
ment process of the outer surface of the aluminum wires can
3.2 Definitions:
render the surface finish into a dull, non-reflective, matte grey
3.2.1 specular—a shiny, reflective appearance.
finish. This non-reflective or “de-glared” surface finish allows
3.2.2 non-specular—a matte, non-shiny appearance.
the conductor to become less visible when observed from a
distance and enables the transmission line to blend in with the
3.2.3 de-glared—another term for non-specular.
skyline or landscape background.
3.2.4 diffuse reflection—reflection in which light energy is
1.2 This specification is intended, by means of diffuse scattered in many directions by diffusion at or below the
reflectance measurement, to establish a uniformity of conduc- surface.
tor finish which is acceptable to the user. Such a specification
will furnish a basis for consistent manufacturing process
4. Ordering Information
control.
4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded the following information:
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
4.1.1 Aluminum overhead electrical conductor to have a
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
non-specular, Type “NS” surface finish.
and are not considered standard.
4.1.2 Unless otherwise specified the default non-specular
grayfinishrequirementshallhaveanaveragemaximumdiffuse
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
reflectivity of not more than 32 %.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Equipment
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1 To measure diffuse reflectance, a portable reflectance
meter shall be employed with search units “Y” or “T”,
2. Referenced Documents
equipped with a green tristimulus filter.
2.1 The following documents, in effect on the date of
5.2 For calibration, use a matte gray reference standard
material purchase, form part of this specification to the extent
having a diffuse reflection value between 23 and 29 %.
referenced herein:
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Electrical Conductors and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B01.02 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Methods of Test and Sampling Procedure. the ASTM website.
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2012. Published January 2013. DOI: 10.1520/ Thesolesourceofsupplyoftheapparatus(PhotovoltReflectanceMeter,Model
B0979-12. No. 577 or 577–A) known to the committee at this time is Photovolt Instruments,
The historical origin of this standard is based upon AA/ANSI Standard C7.69 Inc. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to
originally developed by theAluminumAssociation, Inc. and adopted for recognition ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-
as an American National Standard in 1975. ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B979 − 12
6. Test Procedure aperture of the mea
...

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This specification covers concentric-lay-stranded conductors, made from round aluminum-alloy 6201-T81 (hard: solution heat-treated, cold worked, and then artificially aged) wires, for use for electrical purposes. These conductors shall be constructed with a central core surrounded by one or more layers of helically laid wires. Conductors are classified as follows: Class AA (for bare conductors usually used in overhead lines) and Class A ( for conductors to be covered with weather resistant materials). The concentric-lay-stranded aluminum-alloy 6201 conductors sized to have diameter equal to ACSR, Class AA, and class A shall conform to the described construction requirements. The maximum electrical resistance of a unit length of stranded conductor shall not exceed the required nominal DC resistance. The concentric-lay-stranded aluminum-alloy 6201 conductors sized by standard areas, Class AA, and Class A shall conform to the described construction requirements. Minimum distance between joints in the complex and rating factors shall be described.
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This specification covers concentric-lay-stranded conductors made from round-alloy 6201-T81 hard:solution heat treated, cold worked, and then artificially aged wire and round zinc-coated, Zn-5Al-MM coated, aluminum-coated, or aluminum-clad steel core wire for use as overhead electric conductors. Cold-pressure welds, electric-butt welds, and electric-butt, cold-upset welds in the finished individual aluminum alloy wires composing the conductor may be made during the stranding process. The direction of lay of the outside layer of aluminum-alloy wires shall be right-hand. The direction of lay of the aluminum alloy and steel wires shall be reversed in successive layers. The rated strength of a conductor shall be taken as the sum of the strengths of the aluminum alloy and steel components. The mass and electrical resistance of a unit length of stranded conductor shall be calculated. The ares of cross section may be determined by calculations from diameter measurements of the component aluminum wires at any point when measured perpendicularly to their axes.
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Note 1: The alloy and temper designations conform to ANSI H35.1. Aluminum alloy 6201 corresponds to Unified Numbering System alloy A96201 in accordance with Practice E527.  
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1.2 The values stated in inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the specification. For conductor sizes designated by AWG or kcmil, the requirements in SI units have been numerically converted from corresponding values stated or derived in inch-pound units. For conductor sizes designated by SI units only, the requirements are stated or derived in SI units.  
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Note 1: ACSR/SD is designed to control aeolian vibration by integral damping. The conductors consist of a central core of a round steel wire or wires surrounded by two layers of trapezoidal aluminum 1350-H19 wires or two layers of trapezoidal aluminum 1350-H19 wires and one layer of round aluminum 1350-H19 wires (Fig. 1). The trapezoidal-wire layers are separated from each other and from the steel core by two small annular gaps that provide the conductors self-damping characteristics. The round aluminum wires are in tight layer contact between themselves and the underlying trapezoidal wire layer. Different strandings of the same size of conductor are identified by type, which is the approximate ratio of steel area to aluminum area, expressed in percent (Table 1 and Table 2).  
FIG. 1 Illustrations of Typical ACSR/SD Strandings
Note 2: The aluminum and temper designations conform to ANSI Standard H 35.1. Aluminum 1350 corresponds to UNS A91350 in accordance with Practice E527.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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