ASTM D3791/D3791M-11

Standard Practice for Evaluating the Effects of Heat on Asphalts

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
When asphalts are maintained at elevated temperatures in the presence of air, their characteristics may change. Certain blown asphalts also soften when maintained near, and particularly above, their final blowing temperatures under virtually air-free conditions. This may happen if the asphalt is overheated for application purposes. This practice provides a uniform heat-treatment procedure and methods for evaluating the effect of this treatment on some of the characteristics of asphalts. Changes observed when asphalts are overheated are not indicative of changes to be expected when asphalts are heated to normal application temperatures.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for evaluating some of the effects on asphalts of heating in the presence of little or no air.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2011
• ICS: 91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials
• Technical Committee: D08 - Roofing and Waterproofing
• Drafting Committee: D08.03 - Surfacing and Bituminous Materials for Membrane Waterproofing and Built-up Roofing

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D3791/D3791M-04(2011)e1 - Standard Practice for Evaluating the Effects of Heat on Asphalts
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Replaced By: ASTM D3791/D3791M-11(2018) - Standard Practice for Evaluating the Effects of Heat on Asphalts
• Effective Date: 01-May-2018

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3791/D3791M − 11
Standard Practice for
1
Evaluating the Effects of Heat on Asphalts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3791/D3791M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope (EMF) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
E1137/E1137MSpecification for Industrial Platinum Resis-
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for evaluating some of
tance Thermometers
the effects on asphalts of heating in the presence of little or no
air.
3. Terminology
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of terms used in this practice
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
can be found in Terminology D1079.
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining 4. Summary of Practice
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
4.1 A sample of asphalt in a loosely covered container is
with the standard.
heated to a temperature chosen by the investigator for a period
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the of5h 610min.Certaincharacteristicsoftheasphaltafterheat
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
exposureatthetesttemperaturechosenarethencomparedwith
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- those characteristics before exposure.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
NOTE1—Asettemperatureisrequiredwhenthispracticeisusedaspart
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of a specification. Historically, a temperature of 204°C [400°F] has been
used.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Significance and Use
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 When asphalts are maintained at elevated temperatures
D5Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
inthepresenceofair,theircharacteristicsmaychange.Certain
D36TestMethodforSofteningPointofBitumen(Ring-and-
blown asphalts also soften when maintained near, and particu-
Ball Apparatus)
larly above, their final blowing temperatures under virtually
D140Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
air-free conditions. This may happen if the asphalt is over-
D1079Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing
heated for application purposes. This practice provides a
D2170Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts
uniform heat-treatment procedure and methods for evaluating
(Bitumens)
the effect of this treatment on some of the characteristics of
D2171Test Method for Viscosity of Asphalts by Vacuum
asphalts. Changes observed when asphalts are overheated are
Capillary Viscometer
not indicative of changes to be expected when asphalts are
D4402Test Method for Viscosity Determination of Asphalt
heated to normal application temperatures.
at Elevated Temperatures Using a Rotational Viscometer
E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
6. Apparatus
E145Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
6.1 Oven—A forced-ventilation oven conforming to the
Ventilation Ovens
requirements forType IIAas prescribed in Specification E145,
E230Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force
capable of maintaining temperatures up to 300°C [572°F], and
with a chamber at least 300 by 300 by 300 mm [12 by 12 by
12 in.].
1
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD08onRoofingand
WaterproofingandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD08.03onSurfacing
6.2 Thermometer—ASTM Low-Distillation Thermometer,
and Bituminous Materials for Membrane Waterproofing and Built-up Roofing.
having a range from −1 to+300°C [30 to 580°F] and
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published November 2011. Originally
conforming to the requirements forThermometers 7C or 7F as
approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D3791/D3791M–04
´1
(2011) . DOI: 10.1520/D3791_D3791M–11.
prescribed in Specification E1.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.2.1 As an alternative, any other thermometric device used
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
shall be at least: (1) of equal accuracy to that of the thermom-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. eter specified in Specification E1,(2) capable of indicating
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3791/D3791M − 11
temperature to within 1°C [2°F], and (3) stable to within 1°C 9. Procedure
[2°F] for the duration of the exposure.
9.1 Preheat the tes
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D3791–04 Designation: D3791/D3791M – 11
Standard Practice for
1
Evaluating the Effects of Heat on Asphalts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3791/D3791M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for evaluating some of the effects on asphalts of heating in the presence of little or no air.
1.2
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5 Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
D36 Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing
D2170 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts (Bitumens)
D2171 Test Method for Viscosity of Asphalts by Vacuum Capillary Viscometer
D4402 Test Method for Viscosity Determination of Asphalt at Elevated Temperatures Using a Rotational Viscometer
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-Ventilation Ovens Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
Ventilation Ovens
E230 Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force (EMF) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
E1137/E1137M Specification for Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of terms used in this practice can be found in Terminology D1079.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 Asample of asphalt in a loosely covered container is heated to a temperature chosen by the investigator for a period of 5
h 6 10 min. Certain characteristics of the asphalt after heat exposure at the test temperature chosen are then compared with those
characteristics before exposure.
NOTE 1—Aset temperature is required when this practice is used as part of a specification. Historically, a temperature of 204°C (400°F)[400°F] has
been used.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 When asphalts are maintained at elevated temperatures in the presence of air, their characteristics may change. Certain
blown asphalts also soften when maintained near, and particularly above, their final blowing temperatures under virtually air-free
conditions.This may happen if the asphalt is overheated for application purposes.This practice provides a uniform heat-treatment
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.03 on Surfacing
and Bituminous Materials for Membrane Waterproofing and Built-UpBuilt-up Roofing.
Current edition approved Jan.Nov. 1, 2004.2011. Published January 2004.November 2011. Originally approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 19962011 as
´1
D3791–96. D3791/D3791M–04 (2011) . DOI: 10.1520/D3791-04.10.1520/D3791_D3791M–11.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3791/D3791M – 11
procedure and methods for evaluating the effect of this treatment on some of the characteristics of asphalts. Changes observed
when asphalts are overheated are not indicative of changes to be expected when asphalts are heated to normal application
temperatures.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Oven—Aforced-ventilationovenconformingtotherequirementsforTypeIIAasprescribedinSpecificationE145,capable
of maintaining temperatures up to 300°C (572°F),[572°F], and with a chamber at least 300 by 300 by 300 mm (12[12 by 12 by
12 in.). in.].
6.2 Thermometer—AST
...