ASTM D5459-95(2007)

Standard Test Method for Machine Direction Elastic Recovery and Permanent Deformation and Stress Retention of Stretch Wrap Film

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Elastic recovery is related to the ability of a package to resume its original shape after being distended during its use cycle.
Elastic recovery also relates to the tightness or snugness of a package.
Stress retention is related to the tightness or snugness of a package.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of recovery from extension, permanent deformation, and stress retention of stretch wrap film.
1.2 Several levels of extension are included to ascertain the effect of both small and large extensions.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2007
• ICS: 55.040 - Packaging materials and accessories
• Technical Committee: D10 - Packaging
• Drafting Committee: D10.25 - Palletizing and Unitizing of Loads

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D5459-95(2001) - Standard Test Method for Machine Direction Elastic Recovery and Permanent Deformation and Stress Retention of Stretch Wrap Film
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D4649-20 - Standard Guide for Use of Stretch Films and Wrapping Application
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2007

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D5459–95 (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Test Method for
Machine Direction Elastic Recovery and Permanent
1
Deformation and Stress Retention of Stretch Wrap Film
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5459; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 elastic recovery—the percentage of a given deforma-
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of recovery
tion that behaves elastically, after 180 s when subjected to the
from extension, permanent deformation, and stress retention of
extensions prescribed in this test method.
stretch wrap film.
3.2.2 permanent deformation—the increase in length, ex-
1.2 Several levels of extension are included to ascertain the
pressed as a percentage of the original length, by which an
effect of both small and large extensions.
elastic material fails to return to original length after subjected
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
to the extensions prescribed in the test procedure in this
as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for
method.
information only.
3.2.3 stress retention—the percentage of stress retained 60 s
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
or 24 h, or both, after application.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 Elastic properties of the films are determined by sub-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
jecting specimens to known extensions and by measuring the
2. Referenced Documents quantity of recovery and the permanent change with respect to
2 the original dimensions.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic
5. Significance and Use
Sheeting
3 5.1 Elastic recovery is related to the ability of a package to
D1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics
resume its original shape after being distended during its use
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
cycle.
ments
5.2 Elastic recovery also relates to the tightness or snugness
D2103 Specification for Polyethylene Film and Sheeting
of a package.
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,
5.3 Stress retention is related to the tightness or snugness of
With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic
a package.
of a Lot or Process
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
6. Apparatus
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
6.1 Tensile Testing Machine, with a reversible chart, com-
3. Terminology plying with the requirements listed for Method A of Test
Methods D882 with grips satisfactory for the purpose. Refer to
3.1 Definitions: General definitions for packaging and dis-
section on grips in Test Methods D882.
tribution environments are found in Terminology D996.
6.2 Specimen Cutter, capable of producing nick-free 1 6
0.001 in. (25.4 6 0.03 mm) testing strips, with a precision of
1
4
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
1 6 0.001 in. (25.4 6 0.03 mm).
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.25 on Palletizing
6.3 Micrometer, capable of measuring the thickness of
and Unitizing of Loads.
specimens to 0.001 in. (0.03 mm) as described in 8.9.1.1 of
Current edition approved April 1, 2007. Published May 2007. Originally
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D5459 – 95 (2001).
Specification D2103.
DOI: 10.1520/D5459-95R07.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3 4
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced A JDC-1-10 precision cutter is available from Thwing-Albert Instrument Co.,
on www.astm.org. 10960 Dutton Rd. Philadelphia, PA 19154, or similar manufacturers.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5459–95 (2007)
7. Sampling
7.1 Acceptance Sampling—Samplingshallbeinaccordance
with Practice D1898.
7.2 Sampling for Other Purposes—The sampling and the
number of test specimens depend on the purposes of the
testing. Practice E122 is recommended. Test specimens are
taken from several rolls of film, and when possible, from
several production runs of a product.
...