ASTM D951-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Water Resistance of Shipping Containers by Spray Method
Standard Test Method for Water Resistance of Shipping Containers by Spray Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is used to determine the water resistance of shipping containers. It can be used to determine the ability of the container to resist deterioration caused by water or the ability of the container to protect the contents from water. It is frequently used in conjunction with other tests made prior to or after the spray test, such as the drop test, inclined impact test, vibration test or compression test.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the water resistance of shipping containers.
1.2 This test method is frequently used in conjunction with other tests made prior to or after the spray test, such as the drop test, vibration test, inclined impact test, compression test or the environmental hazard test of Practice D4169, or combinations thereof.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D951 − 17
Standard Test Method for
1
Water Resistance of Shipping Containers by Spray Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D951; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the water 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
resistance of shipping containers. method, refer to Terminology D996.
1.2 This test method is frequently used in conjunction with
4. Significance and Use
other tests made prior to or after the spray test, such as the drop
4.1 This test method is used to determine the water resis-
test, vibration test, inclined impact test, compression test or the
tance of shipping containers. It can be used to determine the
environmental hazard test of Practice D4169, or combinations
ability of the container to resist deterioration caused by water
thereof.
or the ability of the container to protect the contents from
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
water.Itisfrequentlyusedinconjunctionwithothertestsmade
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
prior to or after the spray test, such as the drop test, inclined
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
impact test, vibration test or compression test.
and are not considered standard.
5. Apparatus
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 5.1 The apparatus, illustrated schematically in Fig. 1, shall
consist of the components described in 5.2 – 5.8. Modifications
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- are permissible, such as the use of fresh tap water instead of a
recirculating system, as long as the specified temperature and
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- spray intensity are achieved.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5.2 Test Room—A test room or cabinet shall be of water-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
resistant construction, insulated and heated when necessary so
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
that proper temperature control can be maintained. The bottom
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
shall be covered with a false floor of wood, plastic, or metal
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
slats, or other perforations, and have an outlet drain.
5.3 Sprays—Spray nozzles shall be of such size and so
2. Referenced Documents
spaced that the specified intensity of spray falls uniformly
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
distributed over the floor area. The spray nozzles shall be so
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
located that the droplets are falling from gravitational force
ments
only when they strike the specimens.
D4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-
5.4 Flow Control Valves—Flow control valves, to control
tainers and Systems
the intensity of the spray, are required.
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
Packaging Components for Testing
5.5 Circulating System—A circulating system shall, where
used, consist of a fine-mesh strainer, pump, relief by-pass,
gages, and pressure regulating valve, together with the neces-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
sary piping between the flow control valves, spray nozzles, and
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.21 on Shipping
Containers and Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods.
water reservoir.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017. Published September 2017. Originally
5.6 Reservoir—A reservoir for storage and conditioning of
approved in 1947. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D951 – 99 (2010).
DOI: 10.1520/D0951-17.
the spray water shall, where used, be equipped with an
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
overflow to a sewer and with a drain to facilitate changing the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
water at the start of each test. Make-up water, regulated by a
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary pag
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D951 − 99 (Reapproved 2010) D951 − 17
Standard Test Method for
1
Water Resistance of Shipping Containers by Spray Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D951; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the water resistance of shipping containers.
1.2 This test method is frequently used in conjunction with other tests made prior to or after the spray test, such as the drop
test, vibration test, inclined impact test, or compression test.compression test or the environmental hazard test of Practice D4169,
or combinations thereof.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Products for Testing
D996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environments
D4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or Packaging Components for Testing
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D996.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method is used to determine the water resistance of shipping containers. It can be used to determine the ability of
the container to resist deterioration caused by water or the ability of the container to protect the contents from water. It is frequently
used in conjunction with other tests made prior to or after the spray test, such as the drop test, inclined impact test, vibration test
or compression test.
5. Apparatus
5.1 The apparatus, illustrated schematically in Fig. 1, shall consist of the components described in 5.2 – 5.8. Modifications are
permissible, such as the use of fresh tap water instead of a recirculating system, as long as the specified temperature and spray
intensity are achieved.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.21 on Shipping Containers and
Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods.
Current edition approved April 1, 2010Sept. 1, 2017. Published May 2010September 2017. Originally approved in 1947. Last previous edition approved in 20042010 as
D951 – 99 (2004).(2010). DOI: 10.1520/D0951-99R10.10.1520/D0951-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D951 − 17
FIG. 1 Schematic Diagram of Spray Apparatus
5.2 Test Room—A test room or cabinet shall be of water-resistant construction, insulated and heated when necessary so that
proper temperature control can be maintained. The bottom shall be covered with a false floor of slats wood, plastic, or metal slats,
or other perforations, and have an outlet drain.
5.3 Sprays—Spray nozzles shall be of such size and so spaced that the specified intensity of spray falls uniformly distributed
over the floor area. The spray nozzles shall be so located that the droplets are falling from gravitational force only when they strike
the specimens.
5.4 Flow Control Valves—Flow control valve
...
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