ASTM B842-99(2016)

Standard Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc Iron Alloy Deposits

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited zinc iron alloy coatings on metals.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test method portion only, Section 8, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2016
• ICS: 25.220.40 - Metallic coatings
• Technical Committee: B08 - Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
• Drafting Committee: B08.06 - Soft Metals

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:B842 −99(Reapproved 2016)
Standard Specification for
Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc Iron Alloy Deposits
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B842; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope B568Test Method for Measurement of Coating Thickness
by X-Ray Spectrometry
1.1 Thisspecificationcoverstherequirementsforelectrode-
B571Practice for Qualitative Adhesion Testing of Metallic
posited zinc iron alloy coatings on metals.
Coatings
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
B602Test Method for Attribute Sampling of Metallic and
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Inorganic Coatings
standard.
B697Guide for Selection of Sampling Plans for Inspection
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test of Electrodeposited Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
method portion only, Section 8, of this specification: This
B762Test Method of Variables Sampling of Metallic and
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, Inorganic Coatings
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
B849Specification for Pre-Treatments of Iron or Steel for
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health Reducing Risk of Hydrogen Embrittlement
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
B850GuideforPost-CoatingTreatmentsofSteelforReduc-
tions prior to use. ing the Risk of Hydrogen Embrittlement
D3951Practice for Commercial Packaging
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B117Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
3.1 Definitions—Many terms used in this specification are
B183Practice for Preparation of Low-Carbon Steel for
defined in Terminology B374.
Electroplating
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
B242Guide for Preparation of High-Carbon Steel for Elec-
3.2.1 significant surface, n—that portion of a coated arti-
troplating
cle’s surface where the coating is required to meet all the
B320Practice for Preparation of Iron Castings for Electro-
requirements of the coating specification for that article.
plating
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Significant surfaces are usually those
B322Guide for Cleaning Metals Prior to Electroplating
that are essential to the serviceability or function of the article,
B374Terminology Relating to Electroplating
or that can be a source of corrosion products or tarnish films
B487Test Method for Measurement of Metal and Oxide
that interfere with the function or desirable appearance of the
Coating Thickness by Microscopical Examination of
article. Significant surfaces are those surfaces that are identi-
Cross Section
fied by the purchaser by, for example, indicating them on an
B499Test Method for Measurement of CoatingThicknesses
engineering drawing of the product or marking a sample item
by the Magnetic Method: Nonmagnetic Coatings on
of the product.
Magnetic Basis Metals
B504Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Metal-
4. Classification
lic Coatings by the Coulometric Method
4.1 There is one class of zinc iron alloy that is defined as
follows:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on
4.1.1 Class 1—Deposits having approximately 99 mass %
Metallic and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
zinc, balance iron.
B08.06 on Soft Metals.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. Originally
4.2 There are two coating types that are defined as follows:
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as B842–99 (2011).
DOI: 10.1520/B0842-99R16. 4.2.1 Type A—Zinc iron with black chromate conversion
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
coating, and
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.2.2 Type B—Zinc iron with iridescent yellow chromate
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. conversion coating.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B842−99(2016)
4.3 There are three coating grades according to thickness onarack,contactmarksmaybeunavoidable.Locationofsuch
that are defined as follows: mark(s) shall be indicated on the article or its drawing.
Minimum Thickness, µm New ASTM Grade Old ASTM Grade 6.3.2 Defects and variations in appearance that arise from
surfaceconditionsofthesubstrate(scratches,pores,rollmarks,
66 1
inclusions, and the like) and that persist in the coating despite
12 12 2
the observance of good metal finishing practices shall not be
18 18 3
cause for rejection. The coating shall be adherent, free from
5. Ordering Information
blisters, pits, or discontinuities, and shall be free of cracks in
5.1 In order to make the application of this specification theas-platedstate.Flakingshallbecauseforrejectionineither
complete, the purchaser needs to supply the following infor- the as-plated state or after subsequent operations.
mation to the seller in the purchase order and drawings:
NOTE2—Thesecoatingsarecommonlyusedinautomotiveapplications
5.1.1 Title,ASTM designation number, and date of issue of
where subsequent forming, bending, and crimping operations are com-
this specification,
monly performed. These operations will necessarily detract from the
5.1.2 Deposit by classification including class (see 4.1),
performance of the coatings. While some cracking of coatings will be
unavoidable,flakingofthecoatingafterthesesubsequentoperationsshall
type (see 4.2), and grade (see 4.3),
be cause for rejection.
5.1.3 Composition and metallurgical condition of the sub-
NOTE 3—Coatings generally perform better in service when the
strate to be coated,
substrate over which they are applied is smooth and free of torn metal,
5.1.4 Location of significant surfaces (see 3.2),
inclusions, pores, and other defects. The specifications covering the
5.1.5 Heat treatment for stress relief, whether it has been
unfinishedproductshouldprovidelimitsforthesedefects.Ametalfinisher
performed by purchaser or is required (see 6.7), can often remove defects through special treatments, such as grinding,
polishing, abrasive blasting, chemical etches, and electropolishing.
5.1.6 Heat treatment after electroplating, if required (see
However, these are not normal in the treatment steps preceding the
6.8),
application of the coating. When they are desired, they are the subject of
5.1.7 Any requirement for submission of sample coated
special agreement between the purchaser and the seller.
articles,
6.4 Thickness—The thickness of the coating everywhere on
5.1.8 Whetherornotlocationofrackmarksistobedefined
the significant surfaces shall conform to the requirements as
(see 6.3.1),
specified in 4.2 and defined in 3.2.1.
5.1.9 Any requirement for special test specimens (see 8.1),
5.1.10 Acceptance inspection procedure to be used (see
NOTE 4—The coating requirement of this specification is a minimum.
Section 8),
Variationinthethicknessfrompointtopointonanarticleandfromarticle
5.1.11 Any requirement for certification (see Section 10), to article in a production lot is inherent in electroplating. Therefore, if all
ofthearticlesinaproductionlotaretomeetthethicknessrequirement,the
and
averagecoatingthicknessfortheproductionlotasawholewillbegreater
5.1.12 Anyotheritemsneedingagreement.Forthepurposes
than the specified minimum.
ofthisspecification,prioragreementonthenatureofthefinish
6.5 Adhesion—Thecoatingshallwithstandnormalhandling
is required as items plated in bulk may differ slightly in
and storage conditions without chipping, flaking, or other
appearance from those that are rack plated.
coating damage and shall conform to the minimum require-
6. Coating Requirements
ments set forth in Section 8.
6.1 Substrate—The metal to be plated shall be free of flaws
6.6 Corrosion Resistance—The corrosion resistance of the
anddefectsthatwillbedetrimentaltothezincalloycoating.It
coating may be evaluated using the method in Appendix X1.
shallbesubjectedtosuchcleaning,pickling,andelectroplating
6.7 Pretreatment of Iron and Steel to Reduce the Risk of
procedures as are necessary to yield deposits with the desired
Hydrogen Embrittlement:
quality.
6.7.1 Parts that are made of steels with ultimate tensile
NOTE 1—Proper preparatory procedures and thorough cleaning are
strengths of 1000 MPa (hardness of 31 HRC or greater) that
essential to ensure satisfactory adhesion and corrosion resistance perfor-
havebeenmachined,ground,coldformed,orcoldstraightened
mance of the coating. Materials used for cleaning should not damage the
basismetal.Itisrecommendedthatthefollowingpracticesforcleaningbe subsequent to heat treatment shall require stress relief heat
used, where appropriate: Practices B183 and B320, and Guides B242 and
treatment when specified by the purchaser, the tensile strength
B322.
to be supplied by the purchaser. Specification B849 may be
6.1.1 Theelectroplatingshallbeappliedafterallbasismetal consulted for a list of pretreatments that are widely used.
heat treatments have been completed.
6.8 Coating Treatments of Iron and Steel to Reduce the Risk
6.2 Nature of Coating—The coating shall consist of a zinc
of Hydrogen Embrittlement:
ironalloythatisapproximately99mas
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B842 − 99 (Reapproved 2011) B842 − 99 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Specification for
Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc Iron Alloy Deposits
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B842; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited zinc iron alloy coatings on metals.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test method portion only, Section 8, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
B183 Practice for Preparation of Low-Carbon Steel for Electroplating
B242 Guide for Preparation of High-Carbon Steel for Electroplating
B320 Practice for Preparation of Iron Castings for Electroplating
B322 Guide for Cleaning Metals Prior to Electroplating
B374 Terminology Relating to Electroplating
B487 Test Method for Measurement of Metal and Oxide Coating Thickness by Microscopical Examination of Cross Section
B499 Test Method for Measurement of Coating Thicknesses by the Magnetic Method: Nonmagnetic Coatings on Magnetic Basis
Metals
B504 Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Metallic Coatings by the Coulometric Method
B568 Test Method for Measurement of Coating Thickness by X-Ray Spectrometry
B571 Practice for Qualitative Adhesion Testing of Metallic Coatings
B602 Test Method for Attribute Sampling of Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
B697 Guide for Selection of Sampling Plans for Inspection of Electrodeposited Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
B762 Test Method of Variables Sampling of Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
B849 Specification for Pre-Treatments of Iron or Steel for Reducing Risk of Hydrogen Embrittlement
B850 Guide for Post-Coating Treatments of Steel for Reducing the Risk of Hydrogen Embrittlement
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Many terms used in this specification are defined in Terminology B374.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 significant surface, n—that portion of a coated article’s surface where the coating is required to meet all the requirements
of the coating specification for that article.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on Metallic and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.06 on Soft
Metals.
Current edition approved April 1, 2011Nov. 1, 2016. Published April 2011November 2016. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20052011 as
B842 – 99 (2005).(2011). DOI: 10.1520/B0842-99R11.10.1520/B0842-99R16.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—
Significant surfaces are usually those that are essential to the serviceability or function of the article, or that can be a source of
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B842 − 99 (2016)
corrosion products or tarnish films that interfere with the function or desirable appearance of the article. Significant surfaces are
those surfaces that are identified by the purchaser by, for example, indicating them on an engineering drawing of the product or
marking a sample item of the product.
4. Classification
4.1 There is one class of zinc iron alloy that is defined as follows:
4.1.1 Class 1—Deposits having approximately 99 mass % zinc, balance iron.
4.2 There are two coating types that are defined as follows:
4.2.1 Type A—Zinc iron with black chromate conversion coating, and
4.2.2 Type B—Zinc iron with iridescent yellow chromate conversion coating.
4.3 There are three coating grades according to thickness that are defined as follows:
Minimum Thickness, μm New ASTM Grade Old ASTM Grade
6 6 1
12 12 2
18 18 3
5. Ordering Information
5.1 In order to make the application of this specification complete, the purchaser needs to supply the following information to
the seller in the purchase order and drawings:
5.1.1 Title, ASTM designation number, and date of issue of this specification,
5.1.2 Deposit by classification including class (see 4.1), type (see 4.2), and grade (see 4.3),
5.1.3 Composition and metallurgical condition of the substrate to be coated,
5.1.4 Location of significant surfaces (see 3.2),
5.1.5 Heat treatment for stress relief, whether it has been performed by purchaser or is required (see 6.7),
5.1.6 Heat treatment after electroplating, if required (see 6.8),
5.1.7 Any requirement for submission of sample coated articles,
5.1.8 Whether or not location of rack marks is to be defined (see 6.3.1),
5.1.9 Any requirement for special test specimens (see 8.1),
5.1.10 Acceptance inspection procedure to be used (see Section 8),
5.1.11 Any requirement for certification (see Section 10), and
5.1.12 Any other items needing agreement. For the purposes of this specification, prior agreement on the nature of the finish
is required as items plated in bulk may differ slightly in appearance from those that are rack plated.
6. Coating Requirements
6.1 Substrate—The metal to be plated shall be free of flaws and defects that will be detrimental to the zinc alloy coating. It shall
be subjected to such cleaning, pickling, and electroplating procedures as are necessary to yield deposits with the desired quality.
NOTE 1—Proper preparatory procedures and thorough cleaning are essential to ensure satisfactory adhesion and corrosion resistance performance of
the coating. Materials used for cleaning should not damage the basis metal. It is recommended that the following practices for cleaning be used, where
appropriate: Practices B183 and B320, and Guides B242 and B322.
6.1.1 The electroplating shall be applied after all basis metal heat treatments have been completed.
6.2 Nature of Coating—The coating shall consist of a zinc iron alloy that is approximately 99 mass % zinc and the balance iron.
6.3 Appearance:
6.3.1 The coating on all readily visible surfaces shall have an acceptable and characteristic appearance as agreed upon by the
purchaser and seller. The coating shall be uniform insofar as the basis metal will permit. When the article is to be plated on a rack,
contact marks may be unavoidable. Location of such mark(s) shall be indicated on the article or its drawing.
6.3.2 Defects and variations in appearance that arise from surface conditions of the substrate (scratches, pores, roll marks,
inclusions, and the like) and that persist in the coating despite the observance of good metal finishing practices shall not be cause
for rejection. The coating shall be adherent, free from blisters, pits, or discontinuities, and shall be free of cracks in the as-plated
state. Flaking shall be cause for rejection in either the as-plated state or after subsequent operations.
NOTE 2—These coatings are commonly used in automotive applications where subsequent forming, bending, and crimping operations are commonly
performed. These operations will necessarily detract from the performance of the coatings. While some cracking of coatings will be unavoidable, flaking
of the coating after these subsequent operations shall be cause for rejection.
NOTE 3—Coatings generally perform better in service when the substrate over which they are applied is smooth and free of torn metal, inclusions, pores,
and other defects. The specifications covering the unfinished product should provide limits for these defects. A metal finisher can often remove defects
through special treatments, such as grinding, polishing, abrasive blasting, chemical etches, and electropolishing. However, these are not normal in the
treatment steps preceding the application of the coating. When they are desired, they are the subject of special agreement between the purchaser and the
seller.
B842 − 99 (2016)
6.4 Thickness—The thickness of the coating everywhere on the significant surfaces shall conform to the requirements as
specified in 4.2 and defined in 3.2.1.
NOTE 4—The coating requirement of this specification is a minimum. Variation in the thickness from point to point on an article and from article to
article in a production lot is inherent in electroplating. Therefore, if all of the articles in a production lot are to meet the thickness requirement, the average
coating thickness for the production lot as a whole will be greater than the specified minimum.
6.5 Adhesion—The coating shall withstand normal handling and storage conditions without chipping, flaking, or other coating
damage and shall conform to the minimum requirements set forth in Section 8.
6.6 Corrosion Resistance—The corrosion resistance of the coating may be evaluated using the method in Appendix X1.
6.7 Pretreatment of Iron and Steel to Reduce the Risk of Hydrogen Embr
...