ASTM C1471/C1471M-05(2014)e1

Standard Guide for the Use of High Solids Content Cold Liquid-Applied Elastomeric Waterproofing Membrane on Vertical Surfaces

SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes the use of a high solids content, cold liquid-applied elastomeric waterproofing membrane that meets the performance criteria specified in Specification C836, subject to intermittent hydrostatic pressure in a waterproofing system intended for installation on vertical cast-in-place concrete surfaces.  
1.2 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other organizations.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2014
• ICS: 91.120.30 - Waterproofing
• Technical Committee: D08 - Roofing and Waterproofing
• Drafting Committee: D08.22 - Waterproofing and Dampproofing Systems

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation:C1471/C1471M −05 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Guide for
the Use of High Solids Content Cold Liquid-Applied
Elastomeric Waterproofing Membrane on Vertical Surfaces
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1471/C1471M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Units information was editorially corrected in July 2014.
1. Scope C898 Guide for Use of High Solids Content, Cold Liquid-
Applied ElastomericWaterproofing Membrane with Sepa-
1.1 This guide describes the use of a high solids content,
rate Wearing Course
cold liquid-applied elastomeric waterproofing membrane that
D4263 Test Method for Indicating Moisture in Concrete by
meets the performance criteria specified in Specification C836,
the Plastic Sheet Method
subject to intermittent hydrostatic pressure in a waterproofing
system intended for installation on vertical cast-in-place con-
3. Terminology
crete surfaces.
3.1 Definitions—Refer to Terminology C717 for definitions
1.2 Thecommitteewithjurisdictionoverthisstandardisnot
of terms used in this standard.
aware of any comparable standards published by other orga-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
nizations.
3.2.1 drainage composite—geocomposite consisting of a
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
geotextile filter fabric and a drainage core of various thick-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
nesses and shapes.
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
4. Significance and Use
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
4.1 This grade provides considerations for the design and
with the standard.
installation of liquid-applied waterproofing systems.The intent
is to provide information and guidelines for consideration by
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the designers. Typical uses for these systems include, among
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- others, planters and foundation walls with drainage systems.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.2 This guide is intended to be considered in conjunction
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
with Guide C898 to provide total system guidelines.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Comparison to Other Standards
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Thecommitteewithjurisdictionoverthisstandardisnot
C117 Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-µm (No. 200)
aware of any comparable standards published by other orga-
Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing
nizations.
C717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
6. General
C836 Specification for High Solids Content, Cold Liquid-
Applied Elastomeric Waterproofing Membrane for Use
6.1 General—The major components to be considered for a
with Separate Wearing Course
below grade building wall waterproofing system are the
structural wall or substrate to be waterproofed, waterproofing
membrane, membrane protection, drainage, and backfill. Ad-
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and
ditional components to be considered are membrane
Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.22 on Water-
terminations, penetrations, joints, and thermal insulation.
proofing and Dampproofing Systems.
Current edition approved July 1, 2014. Published August 2014. Originally
6.2 Compatibility—It is essential that all components and
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C1471-05. DOI:
contiguous elements be compatible, and that they be coordi-
10.1520/C1471_C1471M-05R14E01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or nated to form an integrated waterproofing system.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.3 Continuity—It is essential that the waterproofing
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. membrane, including all joints and transitions, is continuous.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
C1471/C1471M−05 (2014)
Special attention must be paid to changes in plane, transitions terminate the waterproofing membrane. The top of the footing
from one substrate to another, terminations, and abutting should be sloped away from the wall.
waterproofing systems. Expansion and control joints in abut-
7.7 Dryness—Membrane manufacturers’ requirements for
ting vertical and horizontal surfaces must maintain the conti-
substrate dryness vary and can include being visibly dry,
nuity of the system. It is recommended that, during system
passinga4hourglasstest,passingTestMethodD4263withno
development and documentation, isometric drawings be made
condensate, or having a specific maximum moisture content as
of three dimensional connections and transitions.
measured by a moisture meter. Refer to and meet the manu-
facturer’s requirements for the particular membrane being
7. Substrate
applied. It is recommended that the membrane not be applied
7.1 General—The building wall substrate referred to in this
sooner than 28 days after concrete placement.
guide is reinforced, cast-in-place concrete.
7.8 Joints—Joints in structural concrete walls are referred to
7.2 Strength—The strength of concrete is a factor to be
in this guide as reinforced joints, unreinforced joints, and
considered with respect to liquid-applied membranes so far as
expansion joints.
it relates to surface finish, bond strength, and continuing
7.8.1 Reinforced Joints—Reinforced joints consist of hair-
integrity (absence of cracks and other concrete defects that
line cracks, cold joints, construction joints. or control joints
could affect the integrity of the membrane).
held together with steel reinforcing bars or wire fabric. These
7.3 Density and Moisture Content—The density and mois-
are considered static joints with little or no anticipated move-
ture content of concrete when cured are interrelated. Exces-
ment because the reinforcement is continuous across the joint.
sively high moisture content can affect adhesion of the mem-
7.8.2 Unreinforced Joints—Unreinforced joints consist of
branetoasubstrateasmoisturemaycondenseatthemembrane
butted construction joints and isolation joints not held together
toconcreteinterfaceandcausemembranedelamination.Lower
with steel reinforcing bars or wire fabric. These joints are
moisture contents are achieved with the use of hard, dense
generally considered as non-moving or static joints. However,
stone aggregate. This type of coarse aggregate will generally
they should be considered as capable of some movement, the
provide structural concrete with moisture content from 3 to 5%
magnitude of which is difficult to predict.
when cured. The concrete substrate should have a minimum
7.8.3 Expansion Joints—Expansion joints are designed to
3 3
density of 2100 kg/m [130 lb/ft ] and a maximum moisture
accommodate a predetermined amount of movement. Such
content of 8% when cured.
movement can be due to thermal change, shrinkage, creep,
7.4 Admixtures—Polymeric, latex, or other organic chemi-
deflection, or other factors. In detailing watertight expansion
cal based admixtures or modifiers can coat the concrete joints, the amount of movement must be determined using a
particles and reduce the adhesion of the membrane to the
reasonable factor of safety since accurate prediction of the
substrate. If the concrete substrate will contain any admixtures, magnitude of movement is difficult. The size and configuration
the membrane manufacturer should be consulted and should of the joint should then be related to the capability of the
approve the use of the membrane with the specific proposed membrane and joint seal materials to accommodate the antici-
admixtures. pated movement.
7.5 Release and Curing Agents—Form release agents and
8. Waterproofing Membrane
formoilsareoftenusedtofacilitatetheremovaloftheconcrete
form work, and curing agents are sometimes applied to the
8.1 General—Application of the membrane may be by
green (uncured) concrete surface. These chemicals can reduce
brush, trowel, roller, or spray equipment, or combinations
the adhesion of the membrane to the concrete, and their use
thereof, depending on the manufacturer’s recommended or
should be coordinated with and be accepted by the membrane
required procedures and the job site conditions. A two coat
manufacturer. Form oils should not be used on areas to receive
application is preferable to a single coat application, because it
waterproofing. If form oils were used, sandblasting or other
providessomeredundancyanditiseasiertomeetorexceedthe
approved methods must be used to remove the form oils prior
minimum required membrane thickness. It also reduces the
to waterproofing application.
tendencyformembranematerialtoslideorsag,andpinholesin
the first coat can be covered by the second coat.
7.6 Finish—The structural wall should have a smooth form
8.1.1 One-part membrane materials should be stirred thor-
finish. The surface should provide a mechanical bond for the
oughly prior to application With two-part materials, stir each
membrane but not be so rough as to preclude achieving
component separately before combining. Thoroughly mix the
continuity of the membrane and the specified membrane
two components together so the curing agent is uniformly
thickness across its surface. All fins, projections, tie rod holes,
dispersed in the base component, ensuring even curing of the
and honeycomb must be repaired. The removal of fins and
membrane. Mixing should be at a slow speed, 80 to 150 rpm,
similar projections is especially critical, because they cause
to avoid entrapping air in the material.The bottom and sides of
thin spots in the membrane that are easily punctured. The
the container should be scraped with a square edged spatula
concrete surface at the top of the wall and at the footing should
during mixing.
be of the same quality as the face of the wall. The footing
should be troweled smooth and be free of fins, burrs, and large 8.1.2 Some materials require the use of a primer on some
irregularities. A minimum width of 200 mm, with 300 mm substrates. Review the manufacturer’s requirements, and use
preferred, should be available on the footing to effectively the recommended primer where necessary.
´1
C1471/C1471M−05 (2014)
2 2
8.1.3 A coverage rate of 1.5 L/m [4 gal/100 ft ] of surface adhesion to the substrate. Should rain or snow interrupt the
area on a smooth substrate yields a dry-film thickness of 1.5 6 application after at least one coat of material has been applied,
0.1mm[60 65mils]usingmaterialsthatare100%solids.The
the manufacturer’s instructions should be followed pertaining
products described by this guide are marketed by a number of
to treatment of the cured material prior to continuing applica-
manufacturers and may have different minimum required
tion.
membrane thicknesses. This guide is predicated upon a mini-
8.3 Terminations—The waterproofing system should termi-
mum dry-film thickness of 1.5 6 0.1 mm. When the solids
nate a minimum of 150 mm [6 in.] above the finish grade or
content of the waterproofing membrane is less than 100%, the
brick ledge. Where a concrete wall is to be exposed above
coverage rate required to achieve a 1.5 mm dry-film thickness
grade, the waterproofing may be terminated no more than 50
is calculated by the following formula:
mm [2 in.] below grade. It should be recognized that the area
1.5 L/m
above the termination is vulnerable to water penetration
5 L/m (1)
% solids by volume expressed as a decimal
~ !
through cracks or joints and these areas must be addressed.
The manufacturer’s data sheets should be consulted for the
8.3.1 The waterproofing system should terminate a mini-
yield of the proposed product.
mum of 300 mm [12 in.] below the lower floor line or on top
8.1.4 The application thickness should be monitored closely
of the footing a minimum of 150 mm [6 in.] out from the wall
to assure that the membrane is applied at the specified wet-film
face. The system should never be terminated above the
thickness. The application thickness should be checked while
drainage collection level. See Fig. 1.
the film is still liquid with a wet-film thickness gauge or other
8.3.2 The waterproofing system should terminate a mini-
2 2
appropriate means. Two to three checks, per 10 m [100 ft ],
mum of 600 mm [24 in.] onto intersecting walls, columns, or
should be performed. Irregular substrates should be monitored
counterforts. Under certain conditions, such as the intersection
more closely and require heavier average application to main-
ofaretainingwallwiththemainfoundationwall,itisdesirable
tain the specified minimum membrane thickness. Damage to
to provide continuous wall waterproofing prior to the place-
the membrane caused by the depth gauge must be repaired
ment of the intersecting wall.
before the membrane cures.
8.3.3 The waterproofing system on vertical walls should
8.1.5 The cured membrane should be carefully inspected for
connect with below slab waterproofing when used. When the
voids and thin spots. The membrane thickness should be
two membranes are the same material or compatible materials,
specified as the minimum allowable thickness at any point, not
they may lap each other. This may be accomplished by
as an average thickness.All defects should be repaired accord-
applying the membrane to the top of the footing prior to
ing to the manufacturer’s recommendations prior to placement
pouring the concrete wall (Fig. 1). When the two membranes
of the protection course.
do not connect but are separated by the wall, care must be
8.2 Adhesion to Substrate—A liquid-applied waterproofing
taken to assure that the footing and wall are watertight.
membrane must adhere to the substrate in order to stay in place
Concrete additives are sometimes used for this purpose.
prior to backfilling and to prevent water accumulation and
8.3.4 Where the membrane connects with a horizontal
movement between the membrane and the substrate. Water
plaza, the transition should be carefully evaluated and de-
penetrating an unbonded membrane could migrate laterally
signed. Compatibility between membrane systems will be
under the membrane until reaching a crack or defect in the
assured if the same material is used for both the vertical and
structural wall and then lea
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: C1471 − 05 C1471/C1471M − 05 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Guide for
the Use of High Solids Content Cold Liquid-Applied
Elastomeric Waterproofing Membrane on Vertical Surfaces
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1471;C1471/C1471M; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Units information was editorially corrected in July 2014.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide describes the use of a high solids content, cold liquid-applied elastomeric waterproofing membrane that meets
the performance criteria specified in Specification C836, subject to intermittent hydrostatic pressure in a waterproofing system
intended for installation on vertical cast-in-place concrete surfaces.
1.2 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other
organizations.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C117 Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-μm (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing
C717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
C836 Specification for High Solids Content, Cold Liquid-Applied Elastomeric Waterproofing Membrane for Use with Separate
Wearing Course
C898 Guide for Use of High Solids Content, Cold Liquid-Applied Elastomeric Waterproofing Membrane with Separate Wearing
Course
D4263 Test Method for Indicating Moisture in Concrete by the Plastic Sheet Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Refer to Terminology C717 for definitions of terms used in this standard.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 drainage composite—geocomposite consisting of a geotextile filter fabric and a drainage core of various thicknesses and
shapes.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This grade provides considerations for the design and installation of liquid-applied waterproofing systems. The intent is to
provide information and guidelines for consideration by designers. Typical uses for these systems include, among others, planters
and foundation walls with drainage systems.
4.2 This guide is intended to be considered in conjunction with Guide C898 to provide total system guidelines.
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.22 on Waterproofing
and Dampproofing Systems.
Current edition approved July 1, 2005July 1, 2014. Published August 2005August 2014. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20002005 as
C1471-00.-05. DOI: 10.1520/C1471-05.10.1520/C1471_C1471M-05R14E01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
C1471/C1471M − 05 (2014)
5. Comparison to Other Standards
5.1 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other
organizations.
6. General
6.1 General—The major components to be considered for a below grade building wall waterproofing system are the structural
wall or substrate to be waterproofed, waterproofing membrane, membrane protection, drainage, and backfill. Additional
components to be considered are membrane terminations, penetrations, joints, and thermal insulation.
6.2 Compatibility—It is essential that all components and contiguous elements be compatible, and that they be coordinated to
form an integrated waterproofing system.
6.3 Continuity—It is essential that the waterproofing membrane, including all joints and transitions, is continuous. Special
attention must be paid to changes in plane, transitions from one substrate to another, terminations, and abutting waterproofing
systems. Expansion and control joints in abutting vertical and horizontal surfaces must maintain the continuity of the system. It
is recommended that, during system development and documentation, isometric drawings be made of three dimensional
connections and transitions.
7. Substrate
7.1 General—The building wall substrate referred to in this guide is reinforced, cast-in-place concrete.
7.2 Strength—The strength of concrete is a factor to be considered with respect to liquid-applied membranes so far as it relates
to surface finish, bond strength, and continuing integrity (absence of cracks and other concrete defects that could affect the integrity
of the membrane).
7.3 Density and Moisture Content—The density and moisture content of concrete when cured are interrelated. Excessively high
moisture content can affect adhesion of the membrane to a substrate as moisture may condense at the membrane to concrete
interface and cause membrane delamination. Lower moisture contents are achieved with the use of hard, dense stone aggregate.
This type of coarse aggregate will generally provide structural concrete with moisture content from 3 to 5% when cured. The
3 3
concrete substrate should have a minimum density of 2100 kg/m (130 lb./ft[130 lb/ft )] and a maximum moisture content of 8%
when cured.
7.4 Admixtures—Polymeric, latex, or other organic chemical based admixtures or modifiers can coat the concrete particles and
reduce the adhesion of the membrane to the substrate. If the concrete substrate will contain any admixtures, the membrane
manufacturer should be consulted and should approve the use of the membrane with the specific proposed admixtures.
7.5 Release and Curing Agents—Form release agents and form oils are often used to facilitate the removal of the concrete form
work, and curing agents are sometimes applied to the green (uncured) concrete surface. These chemicals can reduce the adhesion
of the membrane to the concrete, and their use should be coordinated with and be accepted by the membrane manufacturer. Form
oils should not be used on areas to receive waterproofing. If form oils were used, sandblasting or other approved methods must
be used to remove the form oils prior to waterproofing application.
7.6 Finish—The structural wall should have a smooth form finish. The surface should provide a mechanical bond for the
membrane but not be so rough as to preclude achieving continuity of the membrane and the specified membrane thickness across
its surface. All fins, projections, tie rod holes, and honeycomb must be repaired. The removal of fins and similar projections is
especially critical, because they cause thin spots in the membrane that are easily punctured. The concrete surface at the top of the
wall and at the footing should be of the same quality as the face of the wall. The footing should be troweled smooth and be free
of fins, burrs, and large irregularities. A minimum width of 200 mm, with 300 mm preferred, should be available on the footing
to effectively terminate the waterproofing membrane. The top of the footing should be sloped away from the wall.
7.7 Dryness—Membrane manufacturers’ requirements for substrate dryness vary and can include being visibly dry, passing a
4 hour glass test, passing Test Method D4263 with no condensate, or having a specific maximum moisture content as measured
by a moisture meter. Refer to and meet the manufacturer’s requirements for the particular membrane being applied. It is
recommended that the membrane not be applied sooner than 28 days after concrete placement.
7.8 Joints—Joints in structural concrete walls are referred to in this guide as reinforced joints, unreinforced joints, and expansion
joints.
7.8.1 Reinforced Joints—Reinforced joints consist of hairline cracks, cold joints, construction joints. or control joints held
together with steel reinforcing bars or wire fabric. These are considered static joints with little or no anticipated movement because
the reinforcement is continuous across the joint.
7.8.2 Unreinforced Joints—Unreinforced joints consist of butted construction joints and isolation joints not held together with
steel reinforcing bars or wire fabric. These joints are generally considered as non-moving or static joints. However, they should
be considered as capable of some movement, the magnitude of which is difficult to predict.
´1
C1471/C1471M − 05 (2014)
7.8.3 Expansion Joints—Expansion joints are designed to accommodate a predetermined amount of movement. Such movement
can be due to thermal change, shrinkage, creep, deflection, or other factors. In detailing watertight expansion joints, the amount
of movement must be determined using a reasonable factor of safety since accurate prediction of the magnitude of movement is
difficult. The size and configuration of the joint should then be related to the capability of the membrane and joint seal materials
to accommodate the anticipated movement.
8. Waterproofing Membrane
8.1 General—Application of the membrane may be by brush, trowel, roller, and/oror spray equipment, or combinations thereof,
depending on the manufacturer’s recommended or required procedures and the job site conditions. A two coat application is
preferable to a single coat application, because it provides some redundancy and it is easier to meet or exceed the minimum
required membrane thickness. It also reduces the tendency for membrane material to slide or sag, and pinholes in the first coat can
be covered by the second coat.
8.1.1 One-part membrane materials should be stirred thoroughly prior to application With two-part materials, stir each
component separately before combining. Thoroughly mix the two components together so the curing agent is uniformly dispersed
in the base component, ensuring even curing of the membrane. Mixing should be at a slow speed, 80 to 150 rpm, to avoid
entrapping air in the material. The bottom and sides of the container should be scraped with a square edged spatula during mixing.
8.1.2 Some materials require the use of a primer on some substrates. Review the manufacturer’s requirements, and use the
recommended primer where necessary.
2 2
8.1.3 A coverage rate of 1.5 L/m (4[4 gal/100 ft )] of surface area on a smooth substrate yields a dry-film thickness of 1.5 6
0.1 mm (60[60 6 5 mils)mils] using materials that are 100% solids. The products described by this guide are marketed by a number
of manufacturers and may have different minimum required membrane thicknesses. This guide is predicated upon a minimum
dry-film thickness of 1.5 6 0.1 mm. When the solids content of the waterproofing membrane is less than 100%, the coverage rate
required to achieve a 1.5 mm dry-film thickness is calculated by the following formula:
1.5 L/m
5 L/m (1)
% solids by volume expressed as a decimal
~ !
The manufacturer’s data sheets should be consulted for the yield of the proposed product.
8.1.4 The application thickness should be monitored closely to assure that the membrane is applied at the specified wet-film
thickness. The application thickness should be checked while the film is still liquid with a wet-film thickness gauge or other
2 2
appropriate means. Two to three checks, per 10 m (100[100 ft ),], should be performed. Irregular substrates should be monitored
more closely and require heavier average application to maintain the specified minimum membrane thickness. Damage to the
membrane caused by the depth gauge must be repaired before the membrane cures.
8.1.5 The cured membrane should be carefully inspected for voids and thin spots. The membrane thickness should be specified
as the minimum allowable thickness at any point, not as an average thickness. All defects should be repaired according to the
manufacturer’s recommendations prior to placement of the protection course.
8.2 Adhesion to Substrate—A liquid-applied waterproofing membrane must adhere to the substrate in order to stay in place prior
to backfilling and to prevent water accumulation and movement between the membrane and the substrate. Water penetrating an
unbonded membrane could migrate laterally under the membrane until reaching a crack or defect in the structural wall and then
leak through to the interior. Leakage through the wall would not necessarily indicate the location of water entry through the
membrane. That point could be a considerable distance away, and removal of large areas of backfill might be required before it
is located.
8.2.1 The substrate must be dry and frost-free on the surface and throughout the depth of the concrete when the membrane is
applied. Excessive moisture in the substrate or moisture on the surface from frost, rain, or condensation may cause an improper
cure, formation of gas pockets, or little or no adhesion to the substrate. Should rain or snow interrupt the application after at least
one coat of material has been applied, the manufacturer’s instructions should be followed pertaining to treatment of the cured
material prior to continuing application.
8.3 Terminations—The waterproofing system should terminate a minimum of 150 mm (6 in.)[6 in.] above the finish grade or
brick ledge. Where a concrete wall is to be exposed above grade, the waterproofing may be terminated no more than 50 mm (2
in.)[2 in.] below grade. It should be recognized that the area above the termination is vulnerable to water penetration through cracks
or joints and these areas must be addressed.
8.3.1 The waterproofing system should terminate a minimum of 300 mm (12 in.)[12 in.] below the lower floor line or on top
of the footing a minimum of 150 mm (6 in.)[6 in.] out from the wall face. The system should never be terminated above the
drainage collection level. See Fig. 1.
8.3.2 The waterproofing system should terminate a minimum of 60
...