ASTM D312/D312M-16a

Standard Specification for Asphalt Used in Roofing

ABSTRACT
This specification covers four types of asphalt intended for use in built-up roof construction, construction of some modified bitumen systems, construction of bituminous vapor retarder systems, and for adhering insulation boards used in various types of roof systems. The asphalts shall be prepared from crude petroleum. Asphalts shall be classified as: Type I; Type II; Type III; and Type IV. Asphalts of each type shall conform to the physical properties prescribed. Tests shall be performed to determine the properties of the material in accordance with the following methods: sampling; softening point; flash point; penetration; ductility; and solubility.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers four types of asphalt intended for use in built-up roof construction, construction of some modified bitumen systems, construction of bituminous vapor retarder systems, and for adhering insulation boards used in various types of roof systems. The specification is intended for general classification purposes only, and does not imply restrictions on the slope at which an asphalt must be used.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Dec-2016
• ICS: 91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials
• Technical Committee: D08 - Roofing and Waterproofing
• Drafting Committee: D08.03 - Surfacing and Bituminous Materials for Membrane Waterproofing and Built-up Roofing

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D312/D312M − 16a
Standard Specification for
1
Asphalt Used in Roofing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D312/D312M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope D140/D140M Practice for Sampling Asphalt Materials
D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing
1.1 This specification covers four types of asphalt intended
D2042 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in
for use in built-up roof construction, construction of some
Trichloroethylene
modified bitumen systems, construction of bituminous vapor
D3461 Test Method for Softening Point of Asphalt and Pitch
retarder systems, and for adhering insulation boards used in
(Mettler Cup-and-Ball Method)
various types of roof systems. The specification is intended for
D4402/D4402M Test Method for Viscosity Determination of
general classification purposes only, and does not imply
Asphalt at Elevated Temperatures Using a Rotational
restrictions on the slope at which an asphalt must be used.
Viscometer
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
D7553 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
N-Propyl Bromide
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
3. Materials and Manufacture
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
3.1 The asphalts shall be prepared from crude petroleum.
with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Physical Requirements
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 4.1 Asphalts shall be homogeneous and free of water.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.2 Asphalts of each type shall conform to the physical
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
properties prescribed in Table 1.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Sampling and Test Methods
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Sample the material and determine the properties enu-
D5/D5M Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Mate-
merated in this specification in accordance with the following
rials
methods:
D36/D36M Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen
5.1.1 Sampling—Practice D140/D140M.
(Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland 5.1.2 Softening Point—See Test Methods D36/D36M or
D3461. In cases where a disagreement exists between the
Open Cup Tester
D113 Test Method for Ductility of Bituminous Materials purchaser and the seller, Test Method D36/D36M shall be used
3
as the referee method.
(Withdrawn 2016)
5.1.3 Flash Point—Test Method D92.
5.1.4 Penetration—Test Method D5/D5M.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on
5.1.5 Ductility—Test Method D113.
Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.03
on Surfacing and Bituminous Materials for Membrane Waterproofing and Built-up
5.1.6 Solubility—Test Method D2042 or D7553. In cases
Roofing.
where a disagreement exists between the purchaser and the
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2016. Published December 2016. Originally
seller, Test Method D2042 shall be used as the referee method.
approved in 1929. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D312/D312M – 16.
DOI: 10.1520/D0312_D0312M-16A.
5.1.7 EVT—Test Method D4402/D4402M.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
6. Inspection
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3 6.1 Inspection of the material shall be agreed upon between
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.ast-
m.org. the purchaser and the seller as part of the purchase contract.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D312/D312M − 16a
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements of Asphalt in Roofing
Type I Type II Type III Type IV
Property
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
Softening point, °C [°F] 57 [135] 66 [151] 70 [158] 80 [176] 85 [185] 96 [205] 99 [210] 107 [225]
Flash point, °C [°F] 302 [575] . 302 [575] . 302 [575] . 302 [575] .
Penetration, units:
at 0°C [32°F] 3 . 6 . 6 . 6 .
at 25°C [77°F] 18 60 18 40 15 35 12 25
at 46°C [115°F] 90 1
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D312/D312M − 16 D312/D312M − 16a
Standard Specification for
1
Asphalt Used in Roofing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D312/D312M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers four types of asphalt intended for use in built-up roof construction, construction of some modified
bitumen systems, construction of bituminous vapor retarder systems, and for adhering insulation boards used in various types of
roof systems. The specification is intended for general classification purposes only, and does not imply restrictions on the slope
at which an asphalt must be used.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5/D5M Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
D36/D36M Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
3
D113 Test Method for Ductility of Bituminous Materials (Withdrawn 2016)
D140/D140M Practice for Sampling Asphalt Materials
D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing
D2042 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in Trichloroethylene
D3461 Test Method for Softening Point of Asphalt and Pitch (Mettler Cup-and-Ball Method)
D4402/D4402M Test Method for Viscosity Determination of Asphalt at Elevated Temperatures Using a Rotational Viscometer
D7553 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials in N-Propyl Bromide
3. Materials and Manufacture
3.1 The asphalts shall be prepared from crude petroleum.
4. Physical Requirements
4.1 Asphalts shall be homogeneous and free of water.
4.2 Asphalts of each type shall conform to the physical properties prescribed in Table 1.
5. Sampling and Test Methods
5.1 Sample the material and determine the properties enumerated in this specification in accordance with the following methods:
5.1.1 Sampling—Practice D140/D140M.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.03 on Surfacing
and Bituminous Materials for Membrane Waterproofing and Built-up Roofing.
Current edition approved May 1, 2016Dec. 15, 2016. Published May 2016December 2016. Originally approved in 1929. Last previous edition approved in 20152016 as
D312/D312M – 15.D312/D312M – 16. DOI: 10.1520/D0312_D0312M-16.10.1520/D0312_D0312M-16A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D312/D312M − 16a
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements of Asphalt in Roofing
Type I Type II Type III Type IV
Property
Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max
Softening point, °C [°F] 57 [135] 66 [151] 70 [158] 80 [176] 85 [185] 96 [205] 99 [210] 107 [225]
Flash point, °C [°F] 302 [575] . 302 [575] . 302 [575] . 302 [575] .
Penetration, units:
at 0°C [32°F] 3 . 6 . 6 . 6 .
at 25°C [77°F] 18 60 18 40 15 35 12 25
at 46°C [115°F] 90 180 . 100 . 90 . 75
Ductility at 25°C [77°F], cm 10.0 . 3.0 . 2.5 . 1.5 .
Solubility in trichloroethylene, % 99 . 99 . 99 . 99 .
Solubility, % 99 . 99 . 99 . 99 .
EVT, °C [°F]
At 125 cPs 221 [430] 235 [455]
At 75 cPs 243 [470] 252 [485]
5.1.2 Softening Point—See Test Methods D36/D36M
...