ASTM A790/A790M-00a

Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers seamless and straight-seam welded ferritic/austenitic steel pipe intended for general corrosive service, with particular emphasis on resistance to stress corrosion cracking. These steels are susceptible to embrittlement if used for prolonged periods at elevated temperatures.  
1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and, when desired, one or more of these may be specified in the order.
1.3 Appendix X1 of this specification lists the dimensions of welded and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B36.19. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the M designation of this specification is specified in the order.
Note 1--The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as "nominal diameter," "size," and "nominal size."

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Mar-2001
• ICS: 23.040.10 - Iron and steel pipes
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.10 - Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM A790/A790M-01 - Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2001
• Referred By: ASTM A999/A999M-23 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2001
• Referred By: ASTM A554-21 - Standard Specification for Welded Stainless Steel Mechanical Tubing
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: A 790/A 790M – 00a An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Seamless and Welded Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel
Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 790/A 790M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E 213 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipe
and Tubing
1.1 This specification covers seamless and straight-seam
E 309 Practice for Eddy-Current Examination of Steel Tu-
welded ferritic/austenitic steel pipe intended for general corro-
bular Products Using Magnetic Saturation
sive service, with particular emphasis on resistance to stress
E 381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
corrosion cracking. These steels are susceptible to embrittle-
Blooms, and Forgings
ment if used for prolonged periods at elevated temperatures.
E 426 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Exami-
1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for
nation of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Austen-
pipe when a greater degree of testing is desired. These
itic Stainless Steel and Similar Alloys
supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
and, when desired, one or more of these may be specified in the
2.2 ANSI Standards:
order.
B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose
1.3 Appendix X1 of this specification lists the dimensions
B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
of welded and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI
B36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe
B36.19. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished
2.3 SAE Standard:
provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this
SAE J 1086
specification.
2.4 Other Standard:
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
SNT-TC-1A Personal Qualification and Certification in
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
Nondestructive Testing
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
3. Ordering Information
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
include the following, as required, to describe the desired
cation. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the M desig-
material adequately:
nation of this specification is specified in the order.
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
NOTE 1—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has
3.1.2 Name of material (ferritic/austenitic steel pipe),
been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as nominal
3.1.3 Process (seamless or welded),
diameter, size, and nominal size.
3.1.4 Grade (see Table 1),
3.1.5 Size (NPS designator or outside diameter and sched-
2. Referenced Documents
ule number of average wall thickness),
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.6 Length (specific or random) (see Section 10),
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
3.1.7 End finish (section on ends of Specification A 999/
of Steel Products
A 999M),
A 999/A 999M Specification for General Requirements for
3.1.8 Optional requirements (product analysis, Section 8;
Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
hydrostatic test or nondestructive electric test, Section 13),
3.1.9 Test report required (section on certification of Speci-
fication A 999/A 999M),
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products. 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2000. Published January 2001. Originally 7
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd St., 13th
e1
published as A 790 – 81. Last previous edition A 790/A 790M – 00 .
Floor, New York, NY 10036.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive,
cation SA–790 in Section II of that Code.
Warrendale, PA 15096.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
Available from Society for Nondestructive Testing, 711 Arlingate Plaza, P.O.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
Box 28518, Columbus, OH 43228-0518.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A 790/A 790M
TABLE 1 Heat Treatment
5.1.2 At the manufacturer’s option, pipe may be either
UNS hot-finished or cold-finished.
Temperature Quench
Designation
5.1.3 The pipe shall be pickled free of scale. When bright
S31803 1870–2010°F Rapid cooling in air or water
annealing is used, pickling is not necessary.
[1020–1100°C]
5.2 Discard—A sufficient discard shall be made from each
S32205 1870–2010°F Rapid cooling in air or water
ingot to secure freedom from injurious piping and undue
[1020–1100°C]
S31500 1800–1900°F Rapid cooling in air or water
segregation.
[980–1040°C]
5.3 All pipe shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition
S31200 1920–2010°F Rapid cooling in water
as shown in Table 1. For seamless pipe, as an alternate to final
[1050–1100°C]
S32550 1900°F [1040°C] min Rapid cooling in air or water
heat treatment in a continuous furnace or batch-type furnace,
S31260 1870–2010°F Rapid cooling in water
immediately following hot forming while the temperature of
[1020–1100°C]
S32304 1700–1920°F Rapid cooling in air or water the pipes is not less than the specified minimum solution
[925–1050°C]
treatment temperature, pipes may be individually quenched in
S39274 1920–2060°F Rapid cooling in air or water
water or rapidly cooled by other means.
[1025–1125°C]
S32750 1880–2060°F Rapid cooling in air or water
6. Chemical Composition
[1025–1125°C]
S32760 2010–2085°F Rapid cooling in air or water
6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements as
[1100–1140°C]
prescribed in Table 2.
S32900 1700–1750°F Rapid cooling in air or water
[925–955°C]
7. Heat Analysis
S32950 1820–1880°F Air cool
[990–1025°C]
7.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the
S39277 1975–2155°F Rapid cooling in air or water
steel manufacturer to determine the percentages of the ele-
[1080–1180°C]
S32520 1975–2050°F Rapid cooling in air or water
ments specified.
[1080–1120°C]
8. Product Analysis
8.1 At the request of the purchaser’s inspector, an analysis
3.1.10 Specification designation, and
of one billet or one length of flat-rolled stock from each heat,
3.1.11 Special requirements and any supplementary require-
or two pipes from each lot, shall be made by the manufacturer.
ments selected.
A lot of pipe shall consist of the following number of lengths
of the same size and wall thickness from any one heat of steel:
4. General Requirements
NPS Designator Lengths of Pipe in Lot
4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
Under 2 400 or fraction thereof
2 to 5, incl 200 or fraction thereof
Specification A 999/A 999M unless otherwise provided herein.
6 and over 100 or fraction thereof
5. Materials and Manufacture
8.2 The results of these analyses shall be reported to the
5.1 Manufacture: purchaser or the purchaser’s representative and shall conform
5.1.1 The pipe shall be made by the seamless or an to the requirements specified in Section 6.
automatic welding process, with no addition of filler metal in 8.3 If the analysis of one of the tests specified in 7.1 or 8.1
the welding operation.
does not conform to the requirements specified in Section 6, an
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
UNS
Designa- C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo N Cu Others
A
tion
S31803 0.030 max 2.0 max 0.030 max 0.020 max 1.0 max 4.50–6.50 21.0–23.0 2.50–3.50 0.08–0.20 . . . . . .
S32205 0.030 max 2.00 max 0.030 max 0.020 max 1.00 max 4.5–6.5 22.0–23.0 3.0–3.5 0.14–0.20 . . . . . .
S31500 0.030 max 1.20–2.00 0.030 max 0.030 max 1.40–2.00 4.25–5.25 18.0–19.0 2.50–3.00 0.05–0.10 . . . . . .
S32550 0.040 max 1.5 max 0.040 max 0.030 max 1.0 max 4.50–6.50 24.0–27.0 2.90–3.90 0.10–0.25 1.5–2.5 . . .
S31200 0.030 max 2.0 max 0.045 max 0.030 max 1.0 max 5.50–6.50 24.0–26.0 1.20–2.00 0.14–0.20 . . . . . .
S31260 0.030 max 1.00 max 0.030 max 0.030 max 0.75 max 5.50–7.50 24.0–26.0 2.50–3.50 0.10–0.30 0.20–0.80 W
0.10–0.50
S32304 0.030 max 2.50 max 0.040 max 0.040 max 1.0 max 3.0–5.5 21.5–24.5 0.05–0.60 0.05–0.20 0.05–0.60 . . .
S39274 0.030 max 1.0 max 0.030 max 0.020 max 0.80 max 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 2.50–3.50 0.24–0.32 0.20–0.80 W
1.50–2.50
S32750 0.030 max 1.2 max 0.035 max 0.020 max 0.8 max 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.0–5.0 0.24–0.32 0.5 max . . .
S32760 0.05 max 1.00 max 0.030 max 0.010 max 1.00 max 6.00–8.00 24.00–26.00 3.00–4.00 0.20–0.30 0.50–1.00 W
0.50–1.00
B
40 min
S32900 0.08 max 1.00 max 0.040 max 0.030 max 0.75 max 2.50–5.00 23.00–28.00 1.00–2.00 . . . . . . . . .
S32950 0.03 max 2.00 max 0.035 max 0.010 max 0.60 max 3.50–5.20 26.00–29.00 1.00–2.50 0.15–0.35 . . . . . .
S39277 0.025 max 0.80 max 0.025 max 0.002 max 0.80 max 6.5–8.00 24.00–26.00 3.00–4.00 0.23–0.33 1.2–2.0 W 0.8–1.2
S32520 0.030 max 1.5 max 0.035 max 0.020 max 0.80 max 5.5–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.0–5.0 0.20–0.35 0.5–3.00 . . .
A
New designation established in accordance with Practice E 527 and SAE J1086.
B
% Cr + 3.3 3 %Mo+16 3 %N.
A 790/A 790M
NOTE 3—The term lot for mechanical tests applies to all pipe of the
analysis of each billet or pipe from the same heat or lot may be
same nominal size and wall thickness (or schedule) that is produced from
made, and all billets or pipe conforming to the requirements
the same heat of steel and subjected to the same finishing treatment (1)in
shall be accepted.
a continuous heat treatment furnace, or (2) in a batch-type heat-treatment
furnace equipped with recording pyrometers and automatically controlled
9. Tensile and Hardness Properties
within a 50°F [30°C] range, the larger of (a) each 200 ft [60 m] or fraction
9.1 The material shall conform to the tensile and hardness
thereof or (b) that pipe heat treated in the same batch furnace charge.
properties prescribed in Table 3.
12.2 Flattening Test—For material heat treated in a batch-
type furnace, flattening tests shall be made on 5 % of the pipe
10. Lengths
from each heat-treated lot. For material heat treated by the
10.1 Pipe lengths shall be in accordance with the following
continuous process, this test shall be made on a sufficient
regular practice:
number of pipes to constitute 5 % of the lot, but in no case less
10.1.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon, all sizes from NPS ⁄8
than two lengths of pipe.
to and including NPS 8 are available in a length up to 24 ft (see
12.2.1 For welded pipe with a diameter equal to or exceed-
Note 2) with the permissible range of 15 to 24 ft (see Note 2).
ing NPS 10, a transverse guided face bend test of the weld may
Short lengths are acceptable and the number and minimum
be conducted instead of a flattening test in accordance with the
length shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the
method outlined in the steel tubular product supplement of Test
purchaser.
Methods and Definitions A 370. The ductility of the weld shall
NOTE 2—This value applies when the inch-pound designation of this
be considered acceptable when there is no evidence of cracks
specification is the basis of purchase. When the M designation of this
in the weld or between the weld and the base metal after
specification is the basis of purchase, the corresponding metric value(s)
bending. Test specimens from 5 % of the lot shall be taken
shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.
from the pipes or test plates of the same material as the pipe,
10.1.2 If definite cut lengths are desired, the lengths re-
the test plates being attached to the end of the cylinder and
quired shall be specified in the order. No pipe shall be less than
welded as a prolongation of the pipe longitudinal seam.
the specified length and no more than ⁄4 in. [6 mm] over it.
10.1.3 No jointers are permitted unless otherwise specified.
13. Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric Test
11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance 13.1 Each pipe shall be subjected to the nondestructive
electric test or the hydrostatic test. The type of test to be used
11.1 The finished pipes shall be reasonably straight and
shall be at the option of the manufacturer, unless otherwise
shall have a workmanlike finish. Imperfections may be re-
specified in the purchase order.
moved by grinding, provided the wall thicknesses are not
13.2 The hydrostatic test shall be in accordance with Speci-
decreased to less than that permitted, in the Permissible
fication A 999/A 999M, except that the value for S to be used
Variations in Wall Thickness Section of Specification A 999/
in the calculation of the hydrostatic test pressure shall be equal
A 999M.
to 50 % of the specified minimum yield strength of the pipe.
12. Mechanical Tests Required
13.3 Nondestructive Electric Test:
12.1 Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test—One tension
Nondestructive electric tests shall be in accordance with
test shall be made on a specimen for lots of not more than 100
Practice E 213 or E 309.
pipes. Tension tests shall be made on specimens from 2 pipes
13.3.1 As an alternative to the hydrostatic test, and when
for lots of more than 100 pipes.
specified by the purchaser, each pipe shall be examined with a
nondestructive test in accordance with Practice E 213 or E 309.
TABLE 3 Tensile and Hardness Requirements
Unless specifically called out by the purchaser, the selection of
Tensile Yield Elongation the nondestructive electric test will be at the option of the
Hardness, max
UNS Strength, Strength, in 2 in. or
manufacturer. The range of pipe sizes that may be examined by
Rockwell
Designation min, ksi min, 50 mm,
Brinell
each method shall be subject to the limitations in the scope of
C
[MPa] ksi [MPa] min, %
the respective practices.
S31803 90 [620] 65 [450] 25 290 30.5
S32205 90 [620] 65 [450] 25 290 30.5 13.3.1.1 The following information is for the benefit of the
S31500 92 [630] 64 [440] 30 290 30.5
user of this specification:
S32550 110 [760] 80 [550] 15 297 31.5
13.3.1.2 The reference standards defined in 13.3.1.3-
S31200 100 [690] 65 [450] 25 280 . . .
A
S31260 100 [690] 65 [450] 25 . . . . . . 13.3.1.5 are convenient standards for calibration of nondestruc-
S32304 87 [600] 58 [400] 25 290 30.5
tive testing equipment. The dimensions of th
...