ASTM E514-06

Standard Test Method for Water Penetration and Leakage Through Masonry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides information that aids in evaluating the effect of four principal variables: materials, coatings, wall design, and workmanship.
Water penetration and leakage through masonry is significantly affected by air pressure in the test chamber. Data from tests made at different pressures are not comparable.
The performance of a masonry wall is a function of materials, construction, wall design, and maintenance. In service the performance will also depend on the rigidity of supporting structure and on the resistance of components to deterioration by various causes, such as corrosion, vibration, thermal expansion and contraction, curing, and others. It is impossible to simulate the complex conditions encountered in service, such as variations in wind velocity, negative pressure, and lateral or upward moving air and water. Factors such as location, exposure, and wall openings should be considered.
Given the complexity of variables noted above, this test method establishes comparative behavior between various masonry wall constructions in a given laboratory.
Even when a single laboratory tests the same wall design utilizing the same wall materials and the same construction practices, variables such as the level of skill of the mason building the specimen, the temperature and humidity in the laboratory at the time of construction, curing of the specimen, the moisture contents of the materials used to build the specimen, and even the use or lack of use of a lime and water wash on the back of the specimen can affect the results of the test making reliable comparisons dubious. For these reasons and the multi-variables listed in 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3, a meaningful, useful, absolute wall leakage rating standard is impractical and discouraged.
SCOPE
1.1 This laboratory test method provides a procedure for determining the resistance to water penetration and leakage through unit masonry subjected to wind-driven rain.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement see Section 6.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2006
• ICS: 91.080.30 - Masonry
• Technical Committee: C15 - Manufactured Masonry Units
• Drafting Committee: C15.04 - Research

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E514-05c - Standard Test Method for Water Penetration and Leakage Through Masonry
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Replaced By: ASTM E514-08 - Standard Test Method for Water Penetration and Leakage Through Masonry
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1825-19 - Standard Guide for Developing Specifications for Masonry Units
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E514–06
Standard Test Method for
1
Water Penetration and Leakage Through Masonry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 514; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 4.2 Water penetration and leakage through masonry is
2 significantly affected by air pressure in the test chamber. Data
1.1 This laboratory test method provides a procedure for
from tests made at different pressures are not comparable.
determining the resistance to water penetration and leakage
4.3 The performance of a masonry wall is a function of
through unit masonry subjected to wind-driven rain.
materials, construction, wall design, and maintenance. In
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
service the performance will also depend on the rigidity of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
supporting structure and on the resistance of components to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
deterioration by various causes, such as corrosion, vibration,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
thermal expansion and contraction, curing, and others. It is
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific
impossible to simulate the complex conditions encountered in
hazard statement see Section 6.
service, such as variations in wind velocity, negative pressure,
2. Referenced Documents and lateral or upward moving air and water. Factors such as
3
location, exposure, and wall openings should be considered.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.4 Given the complexity of variables noted above, this test
C 1232 Terminology of Masonry
4
method establishes comparative behavior between various
2.2 American Concrete Institute Standard:
masonry wall constructions in a given laboratory.
ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402 Building Code Requirements
4.5 Even when a single laboratory tests the same wall
for Masonry Structures
design utilizing the same wall materials and the same construc-
ACI 530.1/ASCE 6/TMS 602 Specifications for Masonry
tion practices, variables such as the level of skill of the mason
Structures
building the specimen, the temperature and humidity in the
3. Terminology
laboratory at the time of construction, curing of the specimen,
the moisture contents of the materials used to build the
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to
specimen, and even the use or lack of use of a lime and water
Terminology C 1232.
wash on the back of the specimen can affect the results of the
4. Significance and Use
test making reliable comparisons dubious. For these reasons
and the multi-variables listed in 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3, a meaningful,
4.1 This test method provides information that aids in
useful, absolute wall leakage rating standard is impractical and
evaluating the effect of four principal variables: materials,
discouraged.
coatings, wall design, and workmanship.
5. Apparatus
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
5.1 Test Chamber—Use a test chamber similar to that
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. Provide an opening with a
C15.04 on Research.
2 2
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2006. Published January 2007. Originally
minimum area of 1.08 m (12 ft ). For example, 900 mm (36
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E 514 – 05c.
in.) wide and 1200 mm (48 in.) high is suitable. Line the edges
2
This test method is based upon those used by the National Bureau of Standards
of the chamber in contact with the specimen with a closed-cell
and described in NBS Report BMS7, “Water Permeability of Masonry Walls,” 1933,
and NBS Report BMS82, “Water Permeability of Walls Built of Masonry Units,” compressible gasket material or appropriate sealant. Provide an
1942.
observation port in the face of the chamber. Provide a 19.0-mm
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
( ⁄4-in.) diameter corrosion-resistant spray pipe with a single
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
line of 1.0-mm (0.04-in.) diameter holes spaced 25.0 mm (1
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
in.) apart.
4
Published by The Masonry Society, www.masonrysociety.org; American Con-
crete Institute, www.aci-int.org; and American Society of Civil Engineers,
www.asce.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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